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146:. Although originally used as a traditional instrument (most often in funeral processions), beginning in the 20th century it has also been used in contemporary and classical music. Several players have attained high levels of virtuosity and are able to play Western as well as African music on the instrument.
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The early 20th-century atenteben flute (now obsolete) is five-holed and horizontally-blown with four top holes and one bottom hole. Traditionally, its music was pentatonic or hexatonic and associated with funerals more than with recreational activities. The instrument was popular through the first
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The atenteben flute is one of the most versatile musical instruments found in Ghana. The modern atenteben flute, built in B flat and C, was developed by the musicologist, composer and flautist
Ephraim Amu (1899-1995), whose pioneering work established a notated musical tradition for the instrument
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Repertoire for the modern atenteben was usually written in C Diatonic or C Mixolydian. This limitation was due to the absence of a playing technique that could produce the accidental sounds of the flute. Amu wrote extensively for the atenteben choir comprising as large as 16 to 32 players,
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Its tuning, though, is yet to be perfected. Because different sizes of bamboo offshoot are utilized in its construction, microtonal disparities sometimes do occur in the main octaves making ensemble playing difficult. It also requires a fine tuning devise to enable it to accommodate other
366:"New horizons: the world of African art music for flute: African art music offers rich programming opportunities, but scores often are unpublished and can be challenging to find. Insights are offered about some of Africa's foremost composers--among them the author's husband"
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In 1979, the neo-traditional art music composer and founder of the Pan
African Orchestra of Ghana, Nana Danso Abiam (b. 1953) introduced chromaticism and atonality in atenteben music with a new fingering mechanism that he had developed at the Institute of African Studies,
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The B flat atenteben is a transposing instrument, i.e. its music is written in a tone higher than the actual sounds, but a written music for the C atenteben (also referred to as atenteben-ba) directly agrees with the sounds on piano.
276:. This playing mechanism employed for the first time, cross-fingerings and halving-fingerings among other over-blowing techniques that produced the entire range of chromatic and harmonic sounds of the flute.
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Today, atenteben music attracts a large following. Composers of diverse backgrounds have come to recognize the ease with which the instrument can be adapted to different genres of music.
248:, the name of an Akan traditional hand drum with two heads covering both ends - thus, "one otente drum" but "two atente drums", and "ben" means flute or an instrument of the
252:
family. The atente drums were the principal instruments that accompanied this flute, hence the name atenteben (or the flute accompanied by the atente drums).
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and included the instrument into the curriculum of major educational institutions in Ghana, notably, the
Achimota Secondary School and University of Ghana.
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173:, a former member of the Orchestra, is among Ghana's foremost exponents of the instrument. Since 2004, Botri has combined the atenteben with
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The instrument is used in many schools and universities across Ghana, both as a solo and ensemble instrument. An instruction manual for the
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It is an end-blown instrument with six top holes and one bottom hole. Its embouchure at the mouth of the pipe consists of a piece of wood (
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218:) made to fit tightly into the pipe with a narrow slit through which sound is produced by blowing.
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Akrofi, Eric (2016-11-30). "Personalities in World Music
Education No 14 – J.H. Kwabena Nketia".
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The instrument originates from
Tweneduruase in the Kwahu Plateau of south-central Ghana. The
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half of the 20th century but declined in the late 1950s in favour of the modern atenteben.
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188:(born 1939), a Ghanaian educator, scholar, and composer from the Kwahu Plateau region.
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sometimes in combination with a choir and non-melodic percussion instruments.
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ethnic group of south-central Ghana, particularly in the region of the
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instruments whose overall tuning may be slightly sharp or flat.
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Atenteben comprises two Akan names, i.e., "atente" and "ben".
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138:. It is played vertically, like the European
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390:"World Time celebrates Ephraim Amu at 118"
161:(1899–1995). It was also featured in the
364:Onovwerosuoke, Wendy Hymes (2008-01-01).
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
319:International Journal of Music Education
142:, and, like the recorder, can be played
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229:of Ghana, sharing a boundary with the
144:diatonically as well as chromatically
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47:adding citations to reliable sources
233:in the south and east and with the
149:The instrument originated with the
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34:needs additional citations for
244:is a plural word derived from
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341:"Atenteben - Ghanian whistle"
201:Chaka: An Opera in Two Chants
1222:Ghanaian musical instruments
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327:10.1177/025576149201900106
298:Bamboo musical instruments
177:music on his recordings.
1176:Chinese folk flute music
237:in the north and west.
199:ensemble in his opera
195:featured a children's
191:The Nigerian composer
921:Native American flute
163:Pan-African Orchestra
16:Ghanaian bamboo flute
1181:List of compositions
184:has been written by
43:improve this article
550:Simple system flute
394:ghananewsagency.org
270:University of Ghana
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662:Anasazi flute
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628:Subcontrabass
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603:Flûte d'amour
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54:Find sources:
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32:This article
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21:
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1101:Willow flute
855:
729:Nose whistle
397:. Retrieved
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373:. Retrieved
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41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1034:Voice flute
976:Tin whistle
916:Low whistle
851:Almpfeiferl
618:Contra-alto
535:Irish flute
530:Glass flute
227:Akan tribes
159:Ephraim Amu
134:flute from
128:(atɛntɛbɛn)
58:"Atenteben"
1211:Categories
1054:Contrabass
1049:Great bass
971:Tabor pipe
926:Organ pipe
719:Nose flute
692:Shakuhachi
623:Contrabass
399:2019-10-21
375:2019-11-20
350:2019-10-21
304:References
250:aerophones
171:Dela Botri
99:April 2019
69:newspapers
1186:Tone hole
1140:Molinukai
1019:Sopranino
1006:Recorders
956:SpilĂĄpipa
941:Sjøfløyte
881:Flageolet
861:Dentsivka
856:Atenteben
638:Hyperbass
493:Kagurabue
321:: 41–45.
197:atenteben
193:Akin Euba
182:atenteben
124:atenteben
1123:Gemshorn
1096:Koncovka
1078:Overtone
1014:Garklein
951:Souravli
931:Salamuri
871:Dvoyanka
799:Larchemi
736:Pinkillu
724:Kalaleng
687:Hotchiku
672:Floghera
518:Shinobue
445:whistles
287:See also
203:(1970).
140:recorder
1150:Tonette
1145:Ocarina
1091:Kalyuka
996:Zuffolo
986:Whistle
961:Stabule
876:Flabiol
824:Soinari
814:Paixiao
794:Kuvytsi
771:Washint
761:Ĺ upelka
756:Sopilka
598:Concert
593:Soprano
583:Piccolo
575:Concert
523:Yokobue
513:Ryūteki
503:Minteki
498:Komabue
468:Daegeum
463:Bansuri
175:hiplife
165:led by
83:scholar
1128:Pifana
1115:Vessel
1086:Fujara
991:Xirula
981:Txistu
891:Fujara
843:Fipple
809:Miskal
766:Svirel
751:Sodina
709:KĹŤauau
677:Frilka
588:Treble
555:Tambin
508:Nohkan
441:Flutes
246:otente
242:Atente
235:Asante
223:Kwahus
216:fipple
169:, and
132:bamboo
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
1191:Uakti
1169:Other
1039:Tenor
966:Tarka
911:Kuisi
906:Khlui
901:Khloy
886:Frula
866:Diple
746:Quray
704:Kaval
667:Danso
654:blown
565:Xindi
540:Koudi
455:blown
453:Side-
274:Legon
231:Akyem
136:Ghana
130:is a
90:JSTOR
76:books
1044:Bass
936:Shvi
819:Siku
776:Xiao
741:Qina
699:Gudi
652:End-
613:Bass
608:Alto
560:Venu
478:Fife
473:Dizi
443:and
151:Akan
121:The
62:news
1155:Xun
1135:Hun
829:Wot
804:Nai
786:Pan
714:Ney
682:Fue
545:Sáo
488:Fue
323:doi
45:by
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272:,
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97:(
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