140:
122:
443:
does not actually have spinnerets. The feature which looked like a tubular spinneret is actually a folded sheet of cuticle. It would, however, have produced silk from a series of silk gland openings, or spigots, located across plates on the underside of the abdomen. The opening for the venom gland is
567:
Paul A. Selden, William A. Shear & Patricia M. Bonamo (1991). "A spider and other arachnids from the
Devonian of New York, and reinterpretations of Devonian Araneae".
1142:
477:
550:
William A. Shear; Paul A. Selden; W. D. I. Rolfe; Patricia M. Bonamo; James D. Grierson (1987). "New terrestrial arachnids from the
Devonian of Gilboa, New York".
1283:
1018:
1224:
1129:
1293:
425:
Further study β based on new fossils from a comparable
Devonian locality called South Mountain β and comparison with other material from the
380:
to insult attacking spiders, the insult possibly deriving from its meaning in
Northern England dialect of "peevish, ill-natured person".
666:
410:
and reinterpreted as the oldest, and most primitive, example of a true spider and described as being the first user of silk in animals.(
1288:
596:
W. A. Shear; J. M. Palmer; J. A. Coddington; P. M. Bonamo (1989). "A Devonian spinneret: early evidence of spiders and silk use".
326:, but which lacked true spinnerets and retained a segmented abdomen bearing a flagellum-like tail resembling that of a
1278:
139:
308:
552:
455:
is not a spider, but it is probably close to the type of animals which did give rise to modern spiders today.
659:
569:
1087:
1250:
1168:
262:
414:). This hypothesis was based on the supposed presence of unique spider features such as silk-producing
607:
349:
339:
652:
631:
451:
spun webs, but it may have used its silk to wrap eggs, lay draglines or construct burrow walls.
415:
134:
1255:
1173:
1237:
1155:
1147:
978:
623:
598:
506:
1242:
1160:
1061:
615:
578:
496:
486:
395:
312:
1215:
316:
611:
444:
also a misinterpretation. A segmented tail, or flagellum, also belonged to this animal.
1066:
970:
960:
955:
815:
790:
725:
501:
472:
399:
358:
204:
1272:
373:
327:
72:
635:
525:
473:"Fossil evidence for the origin of spider spinnerets, and a proposed arachnid order"
996:
1110:
619:
1209:
983:
947:
700:
435:
323:
181:
47:
1200:
1056:
874:
733:
369:
319:
217:
92:
57:
915:
852:
798:
763:
746:
694:
491:
419:
171:
151:
97:
1121:
627:
510:
1194:
1104:
840:
771:
675:
384:
298:
191:
87:
82:
67:
62:
52:
1229:
1134:
882:
426:
411:
121:
102:
77:
827:
688:
582:
430:
389:
161:
24:
1081:
644:
928:
988:
1085:
1045:
713:
648:
398:, was originally described as a member of the extinct order
330:. They are thought to be close to the origins of spiders.
471:
P. A. Selden, W. A. Shear & M. D. Sutton (2008).
418:
and the opening of a venom gland on the fang of the
1184:
1094:
969:
946:
927:
902:
864:
839:
814:
783:
756:
745:
724:
333:Its name is taken from the English dialect word
307:, known from flattened cuticle fossils from the
478:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
660:
8:
23:is also a word in some English dialects for
1082:
1042:
943:
908:
845:
820:
753:
721:
710:
667:
653:
645:
120:
31:
500:
490:
463:
406:. It was later assigned to a new genus
322:, spider-like animals able to produce
16:Extinct genus of spider-like arachnids
7:
1284:Devonian arthropods of North America
357:("poison"), itself drawn from the
14:
1026:are possibly paraphyletic groups
138:
315:. It is placed in the extinct
1:
1294:Fossil taxa described in 1987
1017:Classification is based on
620:10.1126/science.246.4929.479
404:Gelasinotarbus? fimbriunguis
337:("spider"), which came from
877:(shorttailed whipscorpions)
530:Online Etymology Dictionary
129:Speculative reconstruction
19:"Attercop" redirects here.
1310:
309:Panther Mountain Formation
18:
1289:Monotypic arachnid genera
1052:
1041:
1013:
911:
855:(tailless whip scorpions)
848:
823:
720:
709:
683:
553:American Museum Novitates
301:, containing one species
268:
261:
135:Scientific classification
133:
128:
119:
34:
364:("poisonous ulcer") and
1186:Attercopus fimbriunguis
492:10.1073/pnas.0809174106
453:Attercopus fimbriunguis
447:It seems unlikely that
392: million years ago
353:
343:
304:Attercopus fimbriunguis
297:is an extinct genus of
275:Attercopus fimbriunguis
394:) fossil example from
347:("poison-head"), from
1251:Paleobiology Database
1169:Paleobiology Database
736:(microwhip scorpions)
918:(hooded tickspiders)
254:A. fimbriunguis
612:1989Sci...246..479S
485:(52): 20781β20785.
383:An important Early
1279:Devonian arachnids
791:Pseudoscorpionida
1266:
1265:
1238:Open Tree of Life
1156:Open Tree of Life
1088:Taxon identifiers
1079:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1004:
992:
979:Opilioacariformes
939:
919:
898:
897:
894:
893:
886:
878:
856:
831:
810:
809:
802:
794:
793:(pseudoscorpions)
775:
767:
737:
606:(4929): 479β481.
439:, indicates that
290:
289:
242:
1301:
1259:
1258:
1246:
1245:
1233:
1232:
1220:
1219:
1218:
1205:
1204:
1203:
1177:
1176:
1164:
1163:
1151:
1150:
1138:
1137:
1125:
1124:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1083:
1062:Phalangiotarbida
1043:
1025:
990:
944:
938:
937:
933:
931:
917:
909:
905:
884:
876:
854:
846:
829:
821:
800:
792:
773:
765:
754:
749:
735:
722:
711:
669:
662:
655:
646:
640:
639:
593:
587:
586:
564:
558:
557:
547:
541:
540:
538:
536:
524:Douglas Harper.
521:
515:
514:
504:
494:
468:
396:Gilboa, New York
393:
313:Upstate New York
277:
273:
236:
229:
216:
143:
142:
124:
114:
44:
40:Temporal range:
32:
1309:
1308:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1299:
1298:
1269:
1268:
1267:
1262:
1254:
1249:
1241:
1236:
1228:
1223:
1214:
1213:
1208:
1199:
1198:
1193:
1180:
1172:
1167:
1159:
1154:
1146:
1141:
1133:
1128:
1120:
1118:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1090:
1080:
1071:
1048:
1029:
1023:
1001:
965:
935:
934:
932:
929:
923:
903:
890:
860:
835:
806:
801:(camel spiders)
779:
747:
741:
716:
705:
679:
673:
643:
595:
594:
590:
566:
565:
561:
549:
548:
544:
534:
532:
523:
522:
518:
470:
469:
465:
461:
388:
286:
279:
271:
270:
257:
235:
227:
214:
137:
115:
113:
112:
111:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
42:
41:
38:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1307:
1305:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1271:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1261:
1260:
1247:
1234:
1221:
1206:
1190:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1178:
1165:
1152:
1139:
1126:
1116:
1100:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1086:
1077:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1069:
1067:Trigonotarbida
1064:
1059:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1039:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1027:
1024:Items in green
1021:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1000:
999:
994:
986:
981:
975:
973:
971:Parasitiformes
967:
966:
964:
963:
961:Trombidiformes
958:
956:Sarcoptiformes
952:
950:
941:
936:(ticks, mites)
925:
924:
922:
921:
912:
906:
900:
899:
896:
895:
892:
891:
889:
888:
880:
871:
869:
862:
861:
859:
858:
849:
843:
837:
836:
834:
833:
824:
818:
816:Tetrapulmonata
812:
811:
808:
807:
805:
804:
796:
787:
785:
781:
780:
778:
777:
769:
760:
758:
751:
743:
742:
740:
739:
730:
728:
726:Incertae sedis
718:
717:
714:
707:
706:
704:
703:
697:
691:
684:
681:
680:
674:
672:
671:
664:
657:
649:
642:
641:
588:
559:
542:
516:
462:
460:
457:
400:Trigonotarbida
359:Proto-Germanic
288:
287:
280:
266:
265:
259:
258:
250:
248:
244:
243:
225:
221:
220:
212:
208:
207:
205:Tetrapulmonata
202:
195:
194:
189:
185:
184:
179:
175:
174:
169:
165:
164:
159:
155:
154:
149:
145:
144:
131:
130:
126:
125:
117:
116:
108:
107:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
45:
39:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1306:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1257:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1226:
1222:
1217:
1211:
1207:
1202:
1196:
1192:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1175:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1117:
1112:
1106:
1102:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1084:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1051:
1044:
1040:
1022:
1020:
1019:Shultz (2007)
1016:
1015:
1012:
998:
995:
993:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
976:
974:
972:
968:
962:
959:
957:
954:
953:
951:
949:
945:
942:
940:
926:
920:
914:
913:
910:
907:
901:
887:
885:(vinegaroons)
881:
879:
873:
872:
870:
868:
865:Thelyphonida
863:
857:
851:
850:
847:
844:
842:
838:
832:
826:
825:
822:
819:
817:
813:
803:
797:
795:
789:
788:
786:
782:
776:
770:
768:
762:
761:
759:
755:
752:
750:
744:
738:
732:
731:
729:
727:
723:
719:
712:
708:
702:
698:
696:
692:
690:
686:
685:
682:
677:
670:
665:
663:
658:
656:
651:
650:
647:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
600:
592:
589:
584:
580:
576:
572:
571:
570:Palaeontology
563:
560:
556:(2901): 1β74.
555:
554:
546:
543:
531:
527:
520:
517:
512:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
484:
480:
479:
474:
467:
464:
458:
456:
454:
450:
445:
442:
438:
437:
432:
428:
423:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
391:
386:
381:
379:
375:
371:
368:("head"). In
367:
363:
360:
356:
355:
351:
346:
345:
341:
336:
331:
329:
328:whip scorpion
325:
321:
318:
314:
310:
306:
305:
300:
296:
295:
284:
278:
276:
267:
264:
263:Binomial name
260:
256:
255:
249:
246:
245:
240:
234:
233:
226:
223:
222:
219:
213:
210:
209:
206:
203:
200:
197:
196:
193:
190:
187:
186:
183:
180:
177:
176:
173:
170:
167:
166:
163:
160:
157:
156:
153:
150:
147:
146:
141:
136:
132:
127:
123:
118:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
37:
33:
30:
26:
22:
1185:
1095:
997:Mesostigmata
866:
784:Haplocnemata
766:(harvestmen)
757:Stomothecata
603:
597:
591:
574:
568:
562:
551:
545:
533:. Retrieved
529:
519:
482:
476:
466:
452:
448:
446:
440:
434:
424:
407:
403:
382:
377:
372:Tolkien had
365:
361:
348:
338:
334:
332:
303:
302:
293:
292:
291:
282:
274:
269:
253:
252:
238:
231:
230:
198:
35:
29:
20:
1210:Wikispecies
984:Holothyrida
948:Acariformes
904:Acaromorpha
875:Schizomida
774:(scorpions)
772:Scorpiones
734:Palpigradi
701:Chelicerata
699:Subphylum:
577:: 241β281.
535:January 16,
436:Permarachne
433:, i.e., of
350:Old English
340:Old English
182:Chelicerata
178:Subphylum:
1273:Categories
1216:Attercopus
1096:Attercopus
916:Ricinulei
853:Amblypygi
799:Solifugae
764:Opiliones
695:Arthropoda
526:"Attercop"
459:References
449:Attercopus
441:Attercopus
416:spinnerets
408:Attercopus
402:and named
370:The Hobbit
344:attorcoppa
320:Uraraneida
294:Attercopus
232:Attercopus
218:Uraraneida
172:Arthropoda
36:Attercopus
1111:Q20672582
1057:Haptopoda
841:Pedipalpi
830:(spiders)
748:Dromopoda
676:Arachnida
583:1808/8336
420:chelicera
299:arachnids
247:Species:
192:Arachnida
158:Kingdom:
152:Eukaryota
1201:Q2870066
1195:Wikidata
1119:BioLib:
1105:Wikidata
989:Ixodida
883:Uropygi
828:Araneae
693:Phylum:
689:Animalia
687:Kingdom
636:41619505
628:17788699
511:19104044
385:Devonian
378:attercop
335:attercop
168:Phylum:
162:Animalia
148:Domain:
43:Givetian
21:Attercop
1243:4696992
1230:4941201
1161:4696991
1148:1329118
1135:4571848
1122:1129347
1047:Extinct
991:(ticks)
608:Bibcode
599:Science
502:2634869
427:Permian
412:Araneae
387:(about
362:*aitra-
285:, 1987)
281:(Shear
272:†
251:†
237:Selden
224:Genus:
211:Order:
188:Class:
109:↓
715:Extant
678:orders
634:
626:
509:
499:
431:Russia
283:et al.
241:, 1991
239:et al.
25:spider
1256:55058
1174:55059
1143:IRMNG
930:Acari
632:S2CID
374:Bilbo
366:kopp-
317:order
199:Clade
1225:GBIF
1130:GBIF
867:s.l.
624:PMID
537:2011
507:PMID
376:use
354:ator
324:silk
48:Preκ
616:doi
604:246
579:hdl
497:PMC
487:doi
483:105
429:of
390:390
311:in
1275::
1253::
1240::
1227::
1212::
1197::
1171::
1158::
1145::
1132::
1107::
630:.
622:.
614:.
602:.
575:34
573:.
528:.
505:.
495:.
481:.
475:.
422:.
352::
342::
201::
98:Pg
668:e
661:t
654:v
638:.
618::
610::
585:.
581::
539:.
513:.
489::
228:β
215:β
103:N
93:K
88:J
83:T
78:P
73:C
68:D
63:S
58:O
53:κ
27:.
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