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312:, to a distinguished aristocratic family. His parents, Marquis Joseph-Toussaint and Marie-Francoise (née Le Nepvou de Carfort) were not financially secure and were supported by Marie's aunt, Mademoiselle de Kerinou. In attempt to gain wealth, Villiers de l'Isle-Adam's father began an obsessive search for the lost treasure of the Knights of Malta, formerly known as the
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for the hand of his daughter, Estelle, but
Gautier â who had turned his back on the bohemian world of his youth and would not let his child marry a writer with few prospects â turned him down. Villiers' own family also strongly disapproved of the match. His plans for marriage to an English heiress,
327:
Villiers made several trips to Paris in the late 1850s, where he became enamoured of artistic and theatrical life. In 1860, his aunt offered him enough money to allow him to live in the capital permanently. He had already acquired a reputation in literary circles for his inspired, alcohol-fuelled
323:
The young
Villiers' education was troubledâhe attended over half a dozen different schoolsâyet from an early age his family were convinced he was an artistic genius, and as a child, he composed poetry and music. A significant event in his childhood years was the death of a young girl with whom
320:, a family ancestor, was the 16th-century Grand Master. The treasure had reputedly been buried near Quintin during the French Revolution. Consequently, Marquis Joseph-Toussaint spent large sums of money buying and excavating land before selling unsuccessful sites at a loss.
378:), mainstream newspapers found his fiction too eccentric to be saleable, and few theatres would run his plays. Villiers was forced to take odd jobs to support his family: he gave boxing lessons and worked in a funeral parlour and was employed as an assistant to a
340:(1859). It made little impression outside Villiers' own small band of admirers. Around this time, Villiers began living with Louise Dyonnet. The relationship and Dyonnet's reputation scandalised his family; they forced him to undergo a retreat at
501:
to be his masterpiece, although critics preferred his fiction. He began work on the play around 1869, and had still not completed it when he died. It was first published posthumously in 1890. The work is heavily influenced by the
76:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge (XXG).
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Anna Eyre Powell, were equally unsuccessful. Villiers finally took to living with Marie
Dantine, the illiterate widow of a Belgian coachman. In 1881, she gave birth to Villiers' son, Victor (nicknamed "Totor").
395:
In 1875, he attempted to sue a playwright he believed had insulted one of his ancestors, Maréchal Jean de
Villiers de l'Isle-Adam. In 1881, Villiers stood unsuccessfully for parliament as a candidate for the
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367:, during which Villiers became a commander in the Garde Nationale. At first, he was impressed by the patriotic spirit of the Commune and wrote articles in support of it in the
382:. Another money-making scheme Villiers considered was reciting his poetry to a paying public in a cage full of tigers, but he never acted on the idea. According to his friend
414:. By this time, Villiers was very ill with stomach cancer. On his deathbed, he finally married Marie Dantine, thus legitimising his beloved son "Totor". He is buried in
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Villiers broke off his relationship with
Dyonnet in 1864. He made several further attempts at securing a suitable bride, but all ended in failure. In 1867, he asked
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336:. Poe and Baudelaire would become the biggest influences on Villiers' mature style; his first publication, however (at his own expense), was a book of verse,
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Villiers' aunt died in 1871, ending his financial support. Though
Villiers had many admirers in literary circles (the most important being his close friend
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lying on his belly on bare floorboards, because the bailiffs had taken all his furniture. His poverty only increased his sense of aristocratic pride.
1005:
79:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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writer. His family called him
Mathias while his friends called him Villiers; he would also use the name Auguste when publishing some of his books.
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Villiers believed the imagination has within it much more beauty than reality itself, existing at a level in which nothing real could compare.
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and the composer declared that the
Frenchman was a "true poet". Another trip to see Wagner the next year was cut short by the outbreak of the
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing French
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party. By the 1880s
Villiers' fame began to grow, but not his finances. The publishers Calmann-LĂ©vy accepted his
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style, are often fantastic in plot and filled with mystery and horror. Important among them are the drama
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Androids, Humanoids, and Other Science Fiction Monsters: Science and Soul in Science Fiction Films
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under the pseudonym "Marius", but he soon became disillusioned with its revolutionary violence.
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Villiers had been in love, an event which would deeply influence his literary imagination.
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monologues. He frequented the Brasserie des Martyrs, where he met his idol
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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Ben Indick, "Villiers de l'Isle-Adam, Phillipe August, Comte de", in
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at Triebschen in 1869. Villiers read from the manuscript of his play
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Jean-Marie-Mathias-Philippe-Auguste, comte de Villiers de l'Isle-Adam
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Jean-Marie-Mathias-Philippe-Auguste de Villiers de L'Isle-Adam
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An important event in Villiers' life was his meeting with
706:(published posthumously 1890; translated into English by
386:, Villiers was so poor he had to write most of his novel
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The Penguin Encyclopedia of Horror and the Supernatural
732:[ÊÉÌmaÊimatjasfilipÉÉĄystkÉÌtdÉviljedÉliladÉÌ]
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a machine-translated version of the French article.
886:Works by or about Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam
462:stories, and the origin of the short story genre
292:(7 November 1838 â 19 August 1889) was a French
551:(early verse, 1859; translated into English as
480:in French, the character is named "Andréide").
956:19th-century French dramatists and playwrights
531:("Living? Our servants will do that for us").
94:accompanying your translation by providing an
56:Click for important translation instructions.
43:expand this article with text translated from
539:for his study of early Modernist literature.
529:"Vivre? les serviteurs feront cela pour nous"
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895:Works by Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam
841:Villiers de L'Isle Adam: Splendeur et misĂšre
591:(stories, 1883; translated into English as
458:is regarded as an important collection of
332:, who encouraged him to read the works of
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698:(stories, miscellaneous journalism, 1890)
615:(novel, 1886; translated into English as
877:Works by Auguste Villiers de L'Isle-Adam
1021:19th-century French short story writers
819:. New York: New York University Press.
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472:greatly helped to popularize the term "
450:(1886), and the short-story collection
146:Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam in 1886
527:The play's most famous line is Axël's
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426:was abandoned at the maquette stage.
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991:Deaths from stomach cancer in France
971:Symbolist dramatists and playwrights
567:(drama in three acts in prose, 1865)
304:Villiers de l'Isle-Adam was born in
747:"Villiers de l'Isle Adam and Music"
573:(drama in five acts in prose, 1866)
454:(1883, tr. Sardonic Tales, 1927).
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996:Burials at PĂšre Lachaise Cemetery
799:. p.442. Viking, New York. 1986.
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926:Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam
134:Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam
555:by Sunny Lou Publishing, 2024)
104:You may also add the template
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986:19th-century French novelists
846:Natalie Satiat's edition of
19:For the town in France, see
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117:Knowledge (XXG):Translation
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843:(Les Belles Lettres, 2002)
561:(novel, uncompleted, 1862)
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664:(drama in one act, 1887)
579:(drama in one act, 1870)
520:and the music dramas of
434:Villiers' works, in the
745:Jean-Aubry, G. (1938).
420:a planned tomb monument
115:For more guidance, see
21:L'Isle-Adam, Val-d'Oise
16:French symbolist writer
951:French Roman Catholics
682:Nouveaux Contes cruels
416:PĂšre Lachaise Cemetery
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981:French horror writers
88:copyright attribution
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815:Shelde, Per (1993).
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751:Music & Letters
668:Histoires insolites
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406:Joris-Karl Huysmans
365:Franco-Prussian War
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946:French monarchists
839:Jean-Paul Bourre,
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444:(1890), the novel
203:Short story writer
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1011:French male poets
966:Symbolist writers
881:Project Gutenberg
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601:Cruel Tales
508:Victor Hugo
506:theatre of
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252:Romanticism
227:Nationality
920:Categories
757:(4): 398.
577:La RĂ©volte
398:Legitimist
380:mountebank
361:La RĂ©volte
330:Baudelaire
206:Playwright
191:Occupation
160:1838-11-07
771:0027-4224
662:L'Evasion
418:, though
411:Ă rebours
384:LĂ©on Bloy
294:symbolist
274:Signature
242:Symbolism
110:talk page
47:in French
899:LibriVox
795:, (ed.)
607:in 1963)
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217:Language
200:Novelist
186:, France
169:, France
86:provide
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460:horror
269:(1886)
230:French
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517:Faust
184:Paris
70:DeepL
821:ISBN
801:ISBN
767:ISSN
703:Axël
688:and
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