91:
571:; however, his aversion to foreign complications prevailed, and the incipient friendship with the elector Palatine soon gave way to serious dislike. Although a sturdy Lutheran, the elector hoped at one time to unite the Protestants. He continually urged them to consider the necessity of giving no cause of offence to their opponents, and he favoured the movement to get rid of the clause in the Peace of Augsburg concerning ecclesiastical reservation, which was offensive to many Protestants. His moderation, however, prevented him from joining those who were prepared to take strong measures to attain this end, and he refused to jeopardize the concessions already won.
662:. Augustus personally sponsored the publication of the Book of Concord, a book containing the various Lutheran Confessions of faith, which was signed by over 8,100 ministers and professors and nearly 30 territories, states and cities in Germany. This strict form of Lutheranism was declared binding upon all the inhabitants of Saxony, and many persons were banished from the country. The change in Saxony, however, made no difference to the attitude of Augustus on imperial questions. In 1576 he opposed the proposal of the Protestant princes to make a grant for the
25:
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1370:
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Augustus at first was deceived. Spurred on by his wife the matter reached a climax in 1574, when letters were discovered, which, while revealing a hope to bring over
Augustus to Calvinism, cast some aspersions upon the elector and his wife. Augustus ordered the leaders of the Crypto-Calvinists to be
630:. His campaign in 1567 was short and successful. John Frederick surrendered, and passed his time in prison until his death in 1595; Grumbach was taken and executed; and the position of the elector was made quite secure. The form of Lutheranism taught in the Electorate of Saxony was that of
646:, were favoured by the elector. The Crypto-Calvinists were confident that they would be able to bring Augustus over to their Calvinizing positions by convincing Augustus that they were in fact merely loyal Lutherans, when in fact they were working to introduce Calvinist views of the
750:. He was famous for his various museum collections, including the finest collection of arms and weapons in Northern Europe, paintings, and an extensive collection of tools. In 1560 he founded the Dresden Kunstkammer, the predecessor of the present day
518:
and other lands, John
Frederick recognized Augustus as elector of Saxony. The elector, however, was continually haunted by the fear that the Ernestines would attempt to deprive him of the coveted dignity, and his policy both in Saxony and the wider
614:. This breach was widened when Flacius began to make personal attacks on Augustus, to prophesy his speedy downfall, and to incite Duke John Frederick to make an effort to recover his rightful position. Associated with Flacius was a knight,
337:
When Duke Henry IV died in 1541, he decreed that his lands should be divided equally between his two sons; but as his bequest was contrary to the
Albertine Law, it was not carried out, and the dukedom passed almost intact to his elder son,
658:
seized, and they were tortured and imprisoned. He restored genuine
Lutheranism to Saxony and began to work on a way to bring unity among Lutherans by commencing a process that would lead to the publication, in 1580, of the Lutheran
1067:
510:
The first care of the new elector was to come to terms with John
Frederick, and to strengthen his own hold upon the electoral position. This object was secured by a treaty made at
1099:
563:, Augustus' own daughter. For a time it seemed possible that the Saxon elector would support his son-in-law in his attempts to aid the revolting inhabitants of the
90:
2359:
475:
Soon after his marriage, Augustus desired a more imposing establishment. The result was that
Maurice made more generous provision for his brother, who acted as
1613:
2203:
1776:
1390:
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622:
and sought the aid of foreign powers in his plan to depose
Augustus. After some delay Grumbach and his protector, John Frederick, were placed under the
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Much of the elector's time was devoted to extending his territories. In 1573 he became guardian to the two sons of John
William, duke of
527:, and to maintain peace between the contending religious parties. To this policy may be traced his share in bringing about the religious
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762:. This table decoration played music, told the time and showed Augustus and the other six electors parading before the Roman Emperor.
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conditional upon the abolition of the clause concerning ecclesiastical reservation, and he continued to support the
Habsburgs.
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was coloured by this fear. In imperial politics
Augustus acted upon two main principles: to cultivate the friendship of the
342:. Augustus, however, remained on friendly terms with his brother, and to further his policy spent some time at the court of
282:
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551:, in 1561. On one occasion only did he waver in his allegiance to the Habsburgs. In 1568 a marriage was arranged between
2109:
414:(b. Wolkenstein, 18 October 1552 – d. imprisoned in Heidelberg, 2 April 1590), married on 4 June 1570 to Count Palatine
2276:
2020:
1599:
1187:
730:. The bride was only 13 years; the groom, almost 60. August died one month after his new marriage, and was buried at
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458:(b. Dresden, 16 November 1567 – d. imprisoned in Veste Coburg, 27 January 1613), married on 16 January 1586 to Duke
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690:. His command of money enabled him to take advantage of the poverty of his neighbours, and in this way he secured
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held an influential position in ducal Saxony, and taught a form of Lutheranism different from that taught in the
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436:(b. Dresden, 29 October 1560 – d. Dresden, 25 September 1591), successor of his father in the Electorship.
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The hostility between the Albertines and the Ernestines gave Augustus serious trouble. A preacher named
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445:(b. Dresden, 4 October 1563 – d. Wolfenbüttel, 13 February 1587), married on 26 September 1585 to Duke
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Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz (1975). "August, KurfĂĽrst von Sachsen". In Bautz, Friedrich Wilhelm (ed.).
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539:. His policy of religious peace was also promoted by the marriage he negotiated between his niece
421:
Alexander (b. Dresden, 21 February 1554 – d. Dresden, 8 October 1565), Hereditary Prince of Saxony.
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On 1 October 1585 the Electress Anna died. Three months later, on 3 January 1586, in the city of
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357:; but Augustus was very extravagant and was soon compelled to return to the Saxon court at
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Elisabeth of Saxony and John Casimir of the Palatinate: A Marital and Religious Conflict
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Elisabeth von Sachsen und Johann Kasimir von der Pfalz: Ein Ehe- und Religionskonflikt
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1381:
1376:
635:
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1508:
The Wire-drawing Bench of Elector Augustus of Saxony: Machine-tool and Work of Art
365:, and in the policy which culminated in the transfer of the Saxon electorate from
679:
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631:
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of Saxony in 1552 during the absence of the elector. Augustus was on a visit to
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In 1544, Maurice secured the appointment of his brother as administrator of the
1394:. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 914–915.
568:
536:
515:
405:
John Henry (b. Weissenfels, 5 May 1550 – d. Weissenfels, 12 November 1550).
1524:
MA Dissertation about the Wire-drawing Bench of Elector Augustus of Saxony
1500:
Biography from the Institut für Sächsische Geschichte und Volkskunde e.V.
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The Decoration on the Wire-drawing Bench of Elector Augustus of Saxony
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Augustus (b. Dresden, 23 October 1569 – d. Dresden, 12 February 1570).
408:
Eleonore (b. Wolkenstein, 2 May 1551 – d. Wolkenstein, 24 April 1553).
1591:
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500:
476:
471:
Frederick (b. Annaberg, 18 June 1575 – d. Annaberg, 24 January 1577).
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Magnus (b. Dresden, 24 September 1555 – d. Dresden, 6 November 1558).
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347:
1754:
1476:
1422:
Geschichte des KurfĂĽrsten August in volkswirtschaftlicher Beziehung
1375:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
535:
eleven years later, and his reluctance to break entirely with the
494:
1429:
Geschichte des Deutschen Volkes seit dem Ausgang des Mittelalters
427:
Joachim (b. Dresden, 3 May 1557 – d. Dresden, 21 November 1557).
373:
of the Wettin family, to Maurice, head of the Albertine branch.
1758:
1595:
452:
Amalie (b. Dresden, 28 January 1565 – d. Dresden, 2 July 1565).
430:
Hector (b. Dresden, 7 October 1558 – d. Dresden, 4 April 1560).
702:, in 1561 he had secured the election of his son Alexander as
468:
Adolf (b. Stolpen, 8 August 1571 – d. Dresden, 12 March 1572).
18:
310:, the youngest child and third (but second surviving) son of
618:, who, not satisfied with words only, made inroads into the
439:
Marie (b. Torgau, 8 March 1562 – d. Torgau, 6 January 1566).
754:. One of his possessions, a clockwork automaton called the
483:
when by Maurice's death in July 1553 he became elector of
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1308:
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547:, at the time one of the chief Habsburg vassals in the
361:. Augustus supported his brother during the war of the
1887:
Prince Frederick, Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights
1415:
Kampf und Untergang des Melanchthonismus in Kursachsen
698:. In 1555 he had appointed one of his nominees to the
1408:
Deutsche Geschichte im Zeitalter der Gegenreformation
294:(31 July 1526 – 11 February 1586) was
1478:
Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL)
746:
Augustus wrote a small work on agriculture entitled
567:. Augustus also entered into communication with the
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1794:The generations are numbered from the ascension of
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Magnus II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and GĂĽstrow
682:, and in this capacity was able to add part of the
514:in February 1554, when, in return for the grant of
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634:, and many of its teachers and adherents, such as
1482:(in German). Vol. 1. Hamm: Bautz. col. 268.
1452:] (in German). Dresden: Dresdner Buchverlag.
919:George of Kunštát and Poděbrady, King of Bohemia
330:, he received a good education and studied at
1770:
1607:
108:9 July 1553 – 11 February 1586
8:
650:, and the doctrine of predestination at the
531:treaty in 1555, his tortuous conduct at the
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1763:
1755:
1614:
1600:
1592:
1528:
779:
770:
460:John Casimir, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach
385:on 7 October 1548 Augustus was married to
206:
89:
80:
447:Heinrich Julius of Brunswick-WolfenbĂĽttel
169:, Electorate of Saxony, Holy Roman Empire
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
2230:Friedrich Christian, Margrave of Meissen
1322:
1293:
1281:
774:Ancestors of Augustus, Elector of Saxony
594:
578:
32:This article includes a list of general
2110:Clemens Wenceslaus, Archbishop of Trier
1271:
222:Dorothea, Duchess of Brunswick-LĂĽneburg
218:Elisabeth, Countess Palatine of Simmern
1908:Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Saxony
1141:
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1016:
1006:
898:
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784:
626:, and Augustus was entrusted with its
1342:A History of the World in 100 Objects
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906:
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792:
226:Anna, Duchess of Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach
7:
2360:People from the Electorate of Saxony
601:Anne of Denmark, Electress of Saxony
587:, 1572, Stadt- und Bergbaumuseum in
1820:William III, Landgrave of Thuringia
401:. The couple had fifteen children:
16:Elector of Saxony from 1553 to 1586
2251:Maria Emanuel, Margrave of Meissen
318:. He consequently belonged to the
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
1903:John, Hereditary Prince of Saxony
1436:KurfĂĽrst Moritz und Herzog August
722:, Augustus married secondly with
1368:
1337:"Episode 76, Mechanical Galleon"
1218:15. Sophia of Pomerania-Stargard
748:KĂĽnstlich Obstund GartenbĂĽchlein
728:Joachim Ernest, Prince of Anhalt
599:The other half of the painting:
583:August von Sachsen (painting by
281:
23:
1862:Ernest, Archbishop of Magdeburg
1444:Böttcher, Hans-Joachim (2018).
799:Frederick II, Elector of Saxony
557:Frederick III, Elector Palatine
499:Augustus as depicted on a 1568
344:Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor
1867:Albert, Administrator of Mainz
1399:C. W. Böttiger and T. Flathe,
418:; they were separated in 1589.
214:Christian I, Elector of Saxony
1:
2365:Burials at Freiberg Cathedral
2225:Georg, Crown Prince of Saxony
2016:Christian I of Saxe-Merseburg
1041:Henry IV, Duke of Mecklenburg
2011:Augustus of Saxe-Weissenfels
1533:Augustus, Elector of Saxony
397:. They took up residence at
2256:Albert, Margrave of Meissen
1410:, Band i. (Stuttgart, 1890)
1188:Sophie of Pomerania-Stettin
1003:Augustus, Elector of Saxony
706:, and three years later as
2391:
1162:Eric II, Duke of Pomerania
1135:
1018:
892:
857:Margaret of Austria-Styria
786:
734:. His only surviving son,
395:Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg
2340:Prince-electors of Saxony
2301:
2100:Charles, Duke of Courland
1792:
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962:
954:
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904:
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714:Second marriage and death
585:Lucas Cranach the Younger
416:Johann Casimir of Simmern
88:
2136:Maximilian, Crown Prince
1403:, Band ii. (Gotha, 1870)
1126:Catherine of Mecklenburg
883:Henry IV, Duke of Saxony
652:University of Wittenberg
462:; they divorced in 1593.
391:Christian III of Denmark
316:Catherine of Mecklenburg
312:Henry IV, Duke of Saxony
262:Catherine of Mecklenburg
252:Henry IV, Duke of Saxony
2309:of Poland and Lithuania
2105:Albert, Duke of Teschen
1391:Encyclopædia Britannica
1100:Dorothea of Brandenburg
742:Writing and collections
53:more precise citations.
2194:Frederick Augustus III
1744:Frederick Augustus III
977:Kunigunde of Sternberg
825:Albert, Duke of Saxony
603:
592:
543:and the then-Catholic
507:
355:bishopric of Merseburg
194:Agnes Hedwig of Anhalt
2235:Prince Ernst Heinrich
2152:Frederick Augustus II
2095:Prince Francis Xavier
2074:Frederick Augustus II
2021:Maurice of Saxe-Zeitz
1734:Frederick Augustus II
1431:(Freiburg, 1885–1894)
738:, was his successor.
674:Territorial expansion
598:
582:
498:
377:Marriage and children
306:Augustus was born in
2126:Frederick Augustus I
2058:Frederick Augustus I
1729:Frederick Augustus I
700:bishopric of Meissen
688:Electorate of Saxony
642:, afterwards called
620:Electorate of Saxony
616:Wilhelm von Grumbach
612:Electorate of Saxony
147:Electorate of Saxony
2199:Prince Johann Georg
2090:Frederick Christian
1739:Frederick Christian
1401:Geschichte Sachsens
1296:, pp. 914–915.
704:bishop of Merseburg
684:County of Henneberg
565:Spanish Netherlands
389:, daughter of King
363:Schmalkaldic League
298:from 1553 to 1586.
1959:John Frederick III
1623:Electors of Saxony
756:Mechanical Galleon
732:Freiberg Cathedral
708:bishop of Naumburg
694:and the County of
604:
593:
575:Religious policies
508:
369:, the head of the
332:Leipzig University
326:. Brought up as a
179:Freiberg Cathedral
2317:
2316:
2204:Prince Maximilian
1949:John Frederick II
1800:Elector of Saxony
1786:Princes of Saxony
1752:
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1590:
1589:
1581:Succeeded by
1574:Elector of Saxony
1335:MacGregor, Neil.
1262:
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1258:
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945:Sidonie Podiebrad
752:State Collections
644:Crypto-Calvinists
529:Peace of Augsburg
521:Holy Roman Empire
491:Elector of Saxony
296:Elector of Saxony
289:
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151:Holy Roman Empire
99:Elector of Saxony
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2375:Albertine branch
2350:German Lutherans
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2277:Prince Alexander
1913:John Frederick I
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1684:John Frederick I
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1564:Preceded by
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1553:11 February 1586
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608:Matthias Flacius
545:Prince of Orange
533:diet of Augsburg
371:Ernestine branch
367:John Frederick I
320:Albertine branch
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160:11 February 1586
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1384:, ed. (1911). "
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2006:John George II
2002:
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1664:Frederick II
1644:Wenceslaus I
1572:
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1546:31 July 1526
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1521:(in English)
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1427:J. Janssen,
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1396:This cites:
1389:
1349:20 September
1347:. Retrieved
1340:
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1002:
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724:Agnes Hedwig
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162:(1586-02-11)
140:31 July 1526
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59:January 2014
56:
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2335:1586 deaths
2330:1526 births
1964:Christian I
1928:John Ernest
1796:Frederick I
1699:Christian I
1659:Frederick I
1584:Christian I
1497:(in German)
1406:M. Ritter,
1386:Augustus I.
736:Christian I
680:Saxe-Weimar
632:Melanchthon
549:Netherlands
434:Christian I
399:Weissenfels
302:First years
127:Christian I
113:Predecessor
51:introducing
2324:Categories
1841:Albert III
1654:Albert III
1649:Rudolf III
1578:1553–1586
1434:W. Wenck,
1420:J. Falke,
1266:References
537:Calvinists
34:references
2307:krĂłlewicz
2131:Anthony I
1923:Severinus
1639:Rudolf II
1043:-Schwerin
766:Ancestors
628:execution
569:Huguenots
561:Elisabeth
555:, son of
525:Habsburgs
516:Altenburg
412:Elisabeth
278:Signature
123:Successor
1933:Augustus
1882:Henry IV
1802:in 1423.
1694:Augustus
1634:Rudolf I
696:Mansfeld
692:Vogtland
589:Freiberg
512:Naumburg
443:Dorothea
328:Lutheran
308:Freiberg
292:Augustus
272:Lutheran
268:Religion
143:Freiberg
84:Augustus
1918:Maurice
1689:Maurice
1567:Maurice
1379::
1362:Sources
686:to the
505:Dresden
481:Denmark
359:Dresden
340:Maurice
322:of the
167:Dresden
117:Maurice
47:improve
2178:George
2173:Albert
1990:August
1877:George
1836:Ernest
1669:Ernest
1549:
1486:
1456:
1373:
720:Dessau
559:, and
501:thaler
485:Saxony
477:Regent
383:Torgau
348:Vienna
314:, and
258:Mother
248:Father
186:Spouse
174:Burial
36:, but
2305:also
1551:Died:
1544:Born:
1448:[
1345:. BBC
346:, in
233:House
201:Issue
105:Reign
2157:John
1872:John
1679:John
1484:ISBN
1454:ISBN
1351:2010
1160:14.
1098:13.
1039:12.
975:11.
917:10.
638:and
541:Anna
456:Anna
393:and
387:Anna
157:Died
137:Born
1798:as
1388:".
1186:7.
1124:3.
1066:6.
1001:1.
943:5.
881:2.
855:9.
823:4.
797:8.
664:War
381:In
2326::
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1301:^
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591:)
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66:(
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57:(
43:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
