31:
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that he was forming a private
Committee on Industrial Relations (CIR) with the goal of bringing together "leaders of every school of economic belief, from the so-called most conservative to the so-called wildest radical" to sound "one harmonious note for justice to labor". Garretson was again appointed, as were Lennon and O'Connell, but the new committee included a wider range of progressives and activists.
292:
personal qualities of those men that have contributed so largely, first, to successful settlement, there the mediator is able to make a successful settlement on account of the peaceful qualities that invoke confidence–absolute–on both parties, because mediation is absolutely founded on good faith and confidence, and no other features will ever make it a success.
180:
was elected Grand Chief
Conductor of the Order. Clark would head the union until 1906. In 1894 Austin B. Garretson was elected grand senior conductor of the Order, while C. H. Wilkins was assistant grand chief conductor. Garretson and Wilkins later exchanged positions. Garretson was also president of
283:
Garretson was against any restrictions on the right to strike, but believed in avoiding use of that right where possible. He was opposed to militant unionism and violence. He was a
Christian, and would often use Biblical quotations to support his case during negotiations. Garretson thought that the
193:
On 1 September 1906 Austin B. Garretson was elected Grand Chief
Conductor of the Order of Railway Conductors, in succession to Clark. His title was changed to president in 1907. Garretson found the job made heavy demands on his time, as locals that were unskilled at negotiation increasingly called
236:
The USCIR sat through 154 days of public hearings between the fall of 1913 and the spring of 1915. It found huge imbalances in wealth in the nation, with the poorer two thirds of the population owned just 2% of the wealth, while the top 2% owned 60% of the wealth. In
November 1915 Walsh announced
291:
The success or failure of any act of this character will always depend upon the personality of the men who administer it, and unless these men develop the qualities that are necessary for successfully acting the part of mediators the act is not worth the ink it took to print it. ... it is the
175:
In 1890 Garretson was one of the leaders of the progressive faction that transformed the Order of
Railway Conductors from a fraternal and beneficiary association into one that protected its members and negotiated for better pay and conditions. That year
194:
on the union executives for assistance. In 1907 the ORC and other railroad unions managed to get
Congress to pass laws that limited to sixteen the maximum number of hours a railroader could work in one day.
240:
In the late summer of 1916 Garretson played a leading role in negotiations in which railway workers won the right to an eight-hour day and time-and-a-half overtime pay with the passage of the
840:
233:
as his choice of chairman. Walsh was confirmed by the Senate on 19 September 1913. Walsh noted that
Garretson represented "the most conservative labor organization of the country."
245:
181:
the union's mutual benefit department. He was a member of the executive committee of the
American Railroad Employees and Investors association, and a member of the
249:
559:
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succeeded Taft as
President in 1913 he changed many of Taft's appointments, but retained the labor leaders. Wilson selected the mid-western labor lawyer
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271:. He was appointed President Emeritus and Advisor to the Order of Railway Conductors until his death. Austin Bruce Garretson died at
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public had an interest and a right to be represented on boards of arbitration, but only where there was some danger to the public.
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for government ownership of the railroads. This would have given labor considerable say in the way the railroads were operated.
156:. In 1887 he was elected grand senior conductor, unpaid, and from then until 1919 held office in the union. In 1888 he moved to
152:, and became active in union work. In 1885 he was the local's delegate to the 18th national convention of the Order, held in
563:
774:
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221:(AFL) and James O'Connell, head of the Metal Trades department of the AFL. Both of the AFL members were close allies of
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from 1906 to 1919. He gained national prominence in 1916 when he averted a nationwide railroad strike in exchange for an
218:
697:
Labor's Great War: The Struggle for Industrial Democracy and the Origins of Modern American Labor Relations, 1912-1921
161:
149:
98:
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and conductors that negotiated for the eight-hour day, handling the talks firmly but tactfully. After the end of
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who firmly believed in the importance of practical skills. After Austin had been educated at the school in
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137:. After four years Garretson became a conductor, and held this post until 1881. He then moved to
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562:. Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Butcher Workmen of North America. c. 1955. Archived from
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97:(4 September 1856 – 27 February 1931) was an American labor leader who was head of the
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126:
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The Making of the Labor Bureaucrat: Union Leadership in the United States, 1870-1920
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his father apprenticed him as a wheelwright. He obtained a job as a brakeman on
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In 1884 Garretson became a member of the Lone Star Division 53 of the
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on 4 September 1856. His father was Nathan Garretson, a lawyer and a
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Progressive Intellectuals and the Dilemmas of Democratic Commitment
225:
who had been pushed out of their union offices by socialists. When
417:
244:. He was chairman of the committee of the four brotherhoods of
628:"Use of Federal Power in settlement of railway labor disputes"
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Garretson retired in 1919, and gave up his editorship of the
209:. He was one of three labor leaders nominated by President
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Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics
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671:Organized Labor and American Politics, 1894-1994
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205:on 23 August 1912 to investigate the causes of
841:Presidents of the Order of Railway Conductors
519:Austin B. Garretson: Amalgamated Meat Cutters
8:
172:. He returned to the United States in 1889.
647:"Former O.R.C. Chief dies of Heart Trouble"
29:
18:
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197:Garretson was appointed a member of the
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369:
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199:U.S. Commission on Industrial Relations
135:Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad
542:
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441:
287:In 1913 Garretson said of mediation,
667:"Building the Labor-Liberal Alliance"
7:
465:
418:ORC&B reigned for a century: UTU
382:Mr. Clark's qualifications: NYT 1902
260:, Garretson was a supporter of the
143:Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railroad
117:Austin Bruce Garretson was born in
14:
775:"ORC&B reigned for a century"
634:. U.S. Government Printing Office
339:Former O.R.C. Chief dies ... 1931
753:. North American Book Dist LLC.
799:. Univ of Massachusetts Press.
700:. UNC Press Books. p. 19.
141:, where he found work with the
1:
394:Edgar E. Clark dead: NYT 1930
793:Van Tine, Warren R. (1973).
751:Iowa Biographical Dictionary
722:"Mr. Clark's qualifications"
694:McCartin, Joseph A. (1997).
605:. Harvard University Press.
219:American Federation of Labor
846:People from Winterset, Iowa
745:Onofrio, Jan (2000-05-01).
162:National Railroad of Mexico
160:in Mexico, working for the
150:Order of Railway Conductors
99:Order of Railway Conductors
867:
851:Trade unionists from Iowa
747:"Garretson, Austin Bruce"
599:Fink, Leon (1999-10-08).
183:National Civic Federation
28:
168:where he worked for the
133:line, later part of the
201:(USCIR) created by the
170:Mexican Central Railway
665:Greene, Julie (1998).
294:
203:United States Congress
95:Austin Bruce Garretson
23:Austin Bruce Garretson
777:. UTU. Archived from
626:Fisher, C.O. (1922).
579:"Edgar E. Clark dead"
560:"Austin B. Garretson"
275:on 27 February 1931.
16:American labor leader
651:Cedar Rapids Gazette
154:Louisville, Kentucky
217:, treasurer of the
213:, the others being
211:William Howard Taft
207:industrial violence
733:. October 17, 1902
730:The New York Times
653:. 27 February 1931
587:. December 2, 1930
584:The New York Times
353:, p. 291-292.
273:Cedar Rapids, Iowa
70:Cedar Rapids, Iowa
806:978-0-87023-146-9
760:978-0-403-09304-5
707:978-0-8078-4679-7
680:978-0-7914-9732-6
612:978-0-674-71390-1
269:Railway Conductor
215:John Brown Lennon
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119:Winterset, Iowa
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107:time-and-a-half
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231:Frank P. Walsh
227:Woodrow Wilson
223:Samuel Gompers
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178:Edgar E. Clark
164:, and then to
139:Denison, Texas
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109:overtime pay.
103:eight-hour day
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66:(aged 74)
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781:on 2013-06-17
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810:. Retrieved
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783:. Retrieved
779:the original
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189:Union leader
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131:New Virginia
116:
94:
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88:Labor leader
64:(1931-02-27)
836:1931 deaths
831:1856 births
543:Fisher 1922
531:Fisher 1922
442:Greene 1998
258:World War I
242:Adamson Act
113:Early years
77:Nationality
825:Categories
812:2013-08-08
785:2013-08-07
766:2013-08-08
737:2009-02-28
713:2013-08-08
686:2013-08-08
657:2013-08-07
638:2013-08-07
618:2013-08-08
591:2009-02-28
570:2013-08-08
297:References
262:Plumb Plan
85:Occupation
44:1856-09-04
466:Fink 1999
302:Citations
246:engineers
254:brakemen
80:American
552:Sources
279:Beliefs
250:firemen
166:Jimulco
803:
757:
704:
677:
609:
123:Quaker
725:(PDF)
105:with
801:ISBN
755:ISBN
702:ISBN
675:ISBN
607:ISBN
59:Died
38:Born
827::
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
