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Autobahn (album)

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585:'s music scene, had built an electronic violin that intrigued Schneider. Flür was an interior design student who had drummed for a Düsseldorf band called The Beathovens. Flür stated he found initial jam sessions with the group somewhat strange but soon developed a rapport with his bandmates. Conny Plank is credited as the engineer on the album but he had a key contribution to its sound. Roeder later stated: "Plank played a decisive role. He mixed everything and assembled individual sounds into a whole. That was, I believe the last time that Conny did that. He then told me he did know what Kraftwerk would sound like when he was no longer there." 1377: 1020:
dimension to most our musical lives." Van Matre described the title track as "an impression of the sounds and sensory perceptions of the road, at times nerve-wracking, at times as repetitious as the center dividing strip, but chiefly hypnotic"; and called the track "by far the finest and most accessible thing on the album". Van Matre also said the remaining tracks on the album are "more experimental, less catchy – but it makes the whole thing worthwhile". Some critics such as Gerry Baker of
594: 1009:, he called his initial reaction "a bad mistake, a grave injustice and a sad example of the rock snobbery I always bemoan in others". Provick said the album "works on two levels – as pleasing background atmosphere" and "upon closer listening as lovely escape route for the mind", finding "Kraftwerk opting for calm competence rather than spectacular gimmickry – a nice change in the world of electronic music". Gary Deane of 693:"Autobahn" was co-written by Schult, whom Hütter asked to write some lyrics. The song's lyrics are in German; Schneider reflected on this, stating: "Part of our music is derived from the feeling of our language ... our method of speaking is interrupted, hard-edged if you want; a lot of consonants and noises". According to Hütter, their language was used like a musical instrument; he said: "we are not singers in the sense of 4982: 622:
music background, and they moved to pop music by adding lyrics because "There is no pop music without lyrics apparently". The change in musical direction was influenced by Schult, who was not trained as a musician but has an ear for melody and chose effective parts of improvised sessions, and led Hütter and Schneider to explore by simplifying their own musical sessions. There are very few vocals on
1312:, saying the title track is its main attraction and called the tracks "freckled with warmth: sunny vocal harmonies ("...mit Glitzerstrahl"), a carefree flute solo (Schneider) and clever modulations (denoting gear-changes) to break the tension", Cavanagh called the remastering of the album a fiasco, and said it is worse than the compact discs previously released by EMI. 231: 1213: 1175: 1137: 1263: 1258: 1253: 1248: 1243: 1208: 1203: 1198: 1193: 1170: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1132: 1127: 1122: 1117: 1087: 1082: 1077: 1072: 1067: 874:
and some of their earlier material. The group had difficulties with their initial road crew, who were fired and replaced during the American tour. Issues also arose with the group's equipment; synthesizers had to be turned on in the afternoon to be tuned for the evening, and lighting from rigs was
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was Kraftwerk's "most ambitious and coherent to date", and that the track "Autobahn" is repetitive due to its running time but added: "the effect is deliberate and the periodic familiarly of the Autobahn's scenery keeps the work together as a whole. It's really quite fascinating and offers a new
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to release both the single and the album in the US. The single cut of "Autobahn" became an international hit song in early 1975; only a small portion of the song was played on top-40 radio. The single version of "Autobahn" is three-and-a-half minutes long; Hütter stated cutting down the track was
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music. The album was recorded primarily on synthesizer and drum machine, with occasional flute and guitar. Brocker commented on the group's simple melodies and harmonies suggest pop music. According to Bartos, the group's change in style occurred because Hütter and Schneider came from a classical
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in 1975, "far too often much of what has been profferred has been either boring, painfully self-indulgent, or just plain painful". In comparison, Van Matre found "Autobahn" to be "what you might call middle-of-the-road electronics". Comparing the albums sounds to the group's earlier work, Michael
937:, "omething like that doesn't even deserve to be released". Flür said of the album's initial critical reception: "In Germany, artists are often not well regarded unless they've scored great achievements abroad" and "Our success in the US finally brought good headlines in the German newspapers". 928:
was generally ignored by the mainstream German music press. The group invited members of the German rock press to drive with them and played "Autobahn" from the car's speakers. Schult recalled the general response from these journalists was an emphatic "So what!" The only major publication that
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is not as strong as Kraftwerk's four subsequent albums but that it has "enormous historical significance". Witter said: "In the glam era of glitter and guitars, Kraftwerk were four besuited squares playing keyboards", and that the group was "Mentally and sonically decades ahead of their
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region, which is symbolized by the flute in the song. Other sounds of road travel are heard throughout the song; according to Hütter, the group included "car sounds, horns, basic melodies and tuning motors. Adjusting the suspension and tyre pressure, rolling on the asphalt, that gliding
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I had the feeling that it was changing. For the first time, it was music that was impossible to touch – not being made up with the usual components of rock." Codenys said the music was made by only one person, which helped encourage him to make music on his own. Music critic
3312: 31: 534:, Karl Dallas noted Kraftwerk's music and look were "as far as you get from the Gothic romanticism of Tangerine Dream" and that "visually they also present a completely different image", comparing Tangerine Dream's Froese's "untidy red locks", and bandmates 847:. Kraftwerk toured the US for three months, starting in April 1975. The US tour was followed by a seventeen-date tour of the UK in September. Bartos noted poor ticket sales for the British shows, recalling the group played to mostly empty halls in 933:, in which reviewer Hans-Joachim Krüger called the album "varied, and above all entertaining jaunt which particularly impresses listeners wearing headphones". In a review of a later Kraftwerk album, a reviewer credited as "N.N." said of 1406:
on any subsequent album in the 1970s but were one of the most commercially successful groups in their style, selling well throughout Europe. Hütter and Schneider later dismissed Kraftwerk's earlier music; according to Hütter,
4421: 669:, stating it was an "exciting experience that makes you run through a huge variety of feelings. We tried to convey through music what it felt like." Flür later described "Autobahn" as a journey from Düsseldorf to 697:, we use our voices as another instrument. Language is just another pattern of rhythm, it is one part of our unified sound." In a 1991 interview, Hütter stated that there was no expectations for the release of 1544:
records." In 2014, it was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame, a diverse collection to represent historically significant recordings that reflect the changing climate of music through the decades.
727:" ("Morning Walk") was influenced by the group's early morning walk when leaving their studio after late-night sessions, when they observed the silence of their surroundings. The two-part " 1296:
is when Kraftwerk's muzak-of-the-sphere starts to matter". Reynolds said the title track "sounds like a pastoral symphony, even as it hymns the exhilaration of cruising down the freeway".
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simple because it was "loosely constructed, so making a short version was easy because you don't have to worry so much about boundaries and continuity". Following the popularity of
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as the third of the group's three-album deal with the label. The album was released in the United States in January 1975, and the group's first album to be released in the US.
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radio station, leading it to spread across the United States. In 1975, the song became an international hit and Kraftwerk's first release of their music in the US. "Autobahn"
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You've gone crazy!'. We just put records out and see what happens, otherwise we'd end up over-calculating this or that." The album's four other tracks are shorter
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was released on CD, digital download and heavyweight vinyl in October–November 2009. The beginning of Kometenmelodie 2 was moved to the end of Kometenmelodie 1.
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music", referencing the pioneering electronic soundtrack to the television series. Hütter stated in 1975 Kraftwerk got the idea for the album by driving on the
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as an influence. Bowie said: "the preponderance of electronic instruments convinced me that this was an area that I had to investigate a little further".
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included the album in their "Honorable Mentions" sections of their year-end lists. Later reception was unanimously enthusiastic; Simon Witter wrote in
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was digitally remastered for released on CD, LP and cassette in 1985. In 2009, Kraftwerk remastered and released eight of their albums, including
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At the end of 1974, Kraftwerk had a short tour in West Germany; where the group remained a quartet, retaining Wolfgang Flür and hiring
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first heard Kraftwerk's "Autobahn" when working at record store in high school; he later used the melody of the group's songs for "
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with a blue-and-white motorway logo rather than Schult's painted cover. The UK cover became the default sleeve on later reissues.
4000: 3621: 1949: 5022: 5017: 413:. Other critics found the track "Autobahn" hypnotic and arresting for its imagery of driving on the autobahn. Critics from the 4840: 5027: 4226: 3480: 3415: 2099: 1346: 1288: 1222: 1184: 4673: 1334: 3427: 3353: 359:", featuring lyrics by Schneider, Hütter, and Schult. The song was inspired by the group's joy of driving on Germany's 4819: 3322: 1384:
Kraftwerk later signed with EMI to establish the Kling Klang company. This worldwide licensing deal placed them with
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but said it was made "for unmitigated simpletons, sort of, and yet in my mitigated way I don't entirely disapprove".
626:; critic Van Matre described the album as "simply an impression of the sounds and sensory perceptions of the road". 4713: 4148: 3778:"Kraftwerk: Autobahn (1974), Radio-Activity (1975), Trans Europe Express (1977), The Man-Machine (1978) (Mute/EMI)" 2223: 2209: 965: 832: 3365: 5012: 4705: 3595: 3584: 3341: 2030: 1925: 1532:
heralded the future of music, and said "Autobahn" was the bridge between five minutes of unchanging rhythms of
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sound—phhhwwtphhhwwt—when the wheels go onto those painted stripes. It's sound poetry, and also very dynamic."
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said the album is where Kraftwerk's music really starts to matter. Musicians of the 1970s and 1980s, including
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Brocker, Carsten (2011). "5. Kraftwerk: Technology and Composition". In Albiez, Sean; Pattie, David (eds.).
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radio station was the first to play the single release of "Autobahn", which it had received as an import.
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strong enough to put the instruments out of tune. They also experienced problems with the differences in
4924: 4847: 840: 708: 100: 4132: 3881: 3501: 4396: 4153: 1458:, critic Michael Hooker noted the increasing interest in synthesizer composition since the release of 5007: 4812: 4439: 4401: 3401: 2637: 836: 764: 363:, and recorded music that reflected a trip emulating the sounds of a vehicle. The album's release in 3377: 1292:(1995): "Esoterics will claim they prefer the first three albums: they're excellent, but truthfully 554: 4962: 4875: 4468: 4022: 3919: 3828: 1937: 1323: 848: 686: 651:), specifically referencing a modern version of German regional musical traditions rather than the 520:. Kraftwerk became more conscious of their visual image and, under the guidance of their associate 3518: 1388:
for Germany, Austria and Switzerland, EMI in the United Kingdom, Vertigo in the United States and
308:. The album marked several personnel changes in the band, which was initially a duo consisting of 4985: 4934: 4861: 4573: 4519: 4209: 1493: 539: 4106: 2642: 3393: 4740: 4633: 4616: 4581: 4413:"Techno-Rock: Six Teutons And What Do You Get — A Programmed Sequencer And The Doppler Effect" 4381: 4359: 4342: 4318: 4295: 4236: 4074: 3832: 3812: 3787: 3757: 3752: 3729: 3685: 3669: 3650: 3522: 3293: 3178: 2004: 1899: 1792: 980: 961: 912: 656: 496: 456: 309: 157: 4868: 4854: 4697: 4649: 4591: 4186: 4051: 4017: 3887: 3743: 3703: 1851: 1798: 1497: 1389: 1308: 1234: 1096: 985: 815: 739: 652: 578: 465: 402: 321: 297: 184: 4191: 593: 4805: 4732: 4681: 4337: 3979: 3820: 3816: 3782: 3239: 3221: 2042: 1960: 1839: 1705: 1579: 1541: 1504: 1482:, and led him to starting thinking about adding voices on tracks; he said: "on Harmonia's 1479: 1340: 1322:
the album is a "pop landmark" and a "blueprint for their entire enterprise". Tom Ewing of
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included the album in their honorable mentions on their lists of the best albums of 1975.
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saw little press attention. "Autobahn" was released as a single and received airplay at a
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was "really the first", and Schneider called the earlier music "history, archaeology".
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printed Bangs' interview, a photograph of the group was superimposed over an image of a
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Florian Schneider – voice, vocoder, electronics, synthesizer, flute, electronic drums
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and said that the route included musical pieces such as the industrial sounds of the
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on percussion. The album also completed the group's transition from the experimental
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was Conny Plank's final work with Kraftwerk. At the home studio where he worked on
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According to Kraftwerk biographer Uwe Schütte, on its initial release in Germany,
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was made on Plank's equipment. Accompanying Schneider and Hütter on the album are
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in which Bangs asked if Kraftwerk were "the final solution" for music. When the
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Robins, Wayne (28 December 1975). "Here Are the Best From the Class of 1975".
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stated the album was influenced by the excitement of driving on the autobahn.
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and peaked at number 5 on 3 May 1975. In the UK, the album was released by
230: 819:(1973). Philips released "Kometenmelodie 2" as the album's second single. 4332: 3996: 3476: 1674: 1533: 1402:, which was released in 1975. Kraftwerk did not repeat the high sales of 1313: 1059: 974:
gave the album a negative review, finding it not as good as the music of
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also includes lyrics and a new look for the group that was suggested by
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whose music was based around sophisticated jam sessions. When I bought
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In early 1974, like their German contemporaries, Kraftwerk purchased a
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Barker, Gerry (28 December 1975). "Year End Brings Best Album List".
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Ralf Hütter – voice, electronics, synthesizer, organ, piano, guitar,
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contemporaries", noting their unique rhythms, textures and melodies.
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in New Jersey imported a large quantity of the studio album, leading
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Modulations: A History of Electronic Music: Throbbing Words on Sound
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Calder, Jeff (11 November 1977). "Andrea Remains True to Herself".
2977: 2975: 524:, they began redesigning their look. Schult, who had studied under 4083:
Hooker, Michael (30 July 1976). "Crosby and Nash Subtly Growing".
1540:. Author Thomas Jerome Seabrook named the album among the "finest 1529: 1375: 592: 549:
synthesizer, which they used alongside customized versions of the
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success led to the band touring the United States with new member
38: 3256:(Vinyl side B label). EMI-Parlophone. 1985. AUTO 1/EJ 24 0070 1B. 929:
covered the album was the November 1974 issue of German magazine
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who felt the music was inferior to earlier electronic music from
4957: 1511:, in the early 1970s most "creative groups, were virtuosos like 1440: 835:, Düsseldorf, who was hoping to become a percussionist with the 674: 379:, who replaced Röder, followed by a tour of the United Kingdom. 4515: 3622:"Kraftwerk Announce Massive Eight-Disc Box Set, Reissue Series" 4445: 1274: 956: 569:'s new studio in a farmhouse outside Cologne. The majority of 427: 3649:. Translated by Patterson, Michael. Continuum International. 1553:
All tracks are written by Ralf Hütter & Florian Schneider
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During the tour, the material consisted mostly of music from
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in the US, Vertigo also released Kraftwerk's earlier album
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Hunt, Dennis (28 December 1975). "Cruising with Kraftwerk".
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The 2009 remaster contained further changes and additions:
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gave the album a C+ rating, comparing it with the music of
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was initially hesitant about the group, stating he mocked
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Provick, Bill (24 April 1975). "Autobahn Fine Cruising".
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Wolfgang Flür – electronic drums on "Kometenmelodie 1–2"
3477:"British album certifications – Kraftwerk – Autobahn" 2539: 2537: 2535: 2533: 2531: 2279: 2277: 2275: 2273: 2271: 2269: 2267: 2254: 2252: 2250: 1536:
and the 24-hour concerts by avant-garde musicians like
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valley, the conveyor belts of the mining towns such as
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the album is of "enormous historical significance" and
3441:"French album certifications – Kraftwerk – Autobahn" 3142: 3140: 2899: 2897: 2845: 2843: 2786: 2784: 2759: 2757: 2732: 2730: 2603: 2601: 2599: 2597: 2595: 2593: 2591: 2368: 2366: 2364: 1350:, were generally positive with no specific details on 3356:(in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved 18 February 2017. 2717: 2715: 2690: 2688: 2686: 2684: 2506: 2504: 2467: 2465: 2463: 1419:, Plank later worked with groups and artists such as 1326:
commented positively on the album in their review of
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called some English-language responses to the album
4950: 4917: 4910: 4892: 4797: 4770: 4751: 4724: 4625: 3004: 3002: 2962: 2960: 1695: 1687: 1606: 1598: 1569: 1561: 508:, noting its resemblance to the works of composers 244: 219: 170: 149: 137: 129: 113: 87: 58: 50: 37: 23: 4467: 4438: 4411: 4262: 4152: 4044: 3880: 3851: 3594: 2192: 2190: 4072:Hooker, Michael (3 November 1975). "Pop Briefs". 1795:– vocals, electronics, music, concept, production 1789:– vocals, electronics, music, concept, production 1354:Christgau upgraded his initial ranking of C+ for 629:Hütter repeatedly described Kraftwerk's music as 4182:"Album Review: Kraftwerk – Autobahn: Remastered" 355:Most of the album is taken up by the 22-minute " 2119:Shipments figures based on certification alone. 1777:Credits adapted from the original album label. 1368:"...a landmark in avant-garde pop minimalism". 3977:Deane, Gary (11 April 1975). "Deane's Discs". 2981: 1863:Klaus Röder – electric violin on "Mitternacht" 1190: 721:, which passed by Earth in 1973. Hütter said " 4527: 386:was mixed; it received negative reviews from 8: 4376:(2000). "Hip-Hop". In Shapiro, Peter (ed.). 3338:"Offiziellecharts.de – Kraftwerk – Autobahn" 1240: 1152: 1114: 1064: 754:was released in Germany in November 1974 by 728: 722: 712: 702: 630: 487:. According to critic Lynn Van Matre of the 332:sound consisting mostly of synthesizers and 3418:. Hung Medien. Retrieved 18 February 2017. 3368:. Hung Medien. Retrieved 18 February 2017. 3174:Bowie in Berlin: A New Career in a New Town 2951: 2115:Sales figures based on certification alone. 636: 581:on percussion. Roeder, who was a member of 4914: 4534: 4520: 4512: 3549:"Top Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 1975" 3430:. Hung Medien. Retrieved 22 October 2020. 3416:"Swedishcharts.com – Kraftwerk – Autobahn" 2888: 2131: 2063: 2015: 1989: 1884: 1039: 891: 229: 29: 20: 3502:"RPM Top 100 of 1975 – December 27, 1975" 3083: 2819: 2283: 1866:Johann Zambryski – artwork reconstruction 3915:1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die 3428:"Swisscharts.com – Kraftwerk – Autobahn" 3023: 2993: 2454: 1684: 1592: 1555: 1488:you can hear an echo of that". Producer 1361:1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die 561:was recorded at the group's home studio 504:is more traditional compared to that of 439:, cited the album as a major influence. 352:, an associate of Schneider and Hütter. 340:facility, but was predominantly made at 3354:"Dutchcharts.nl – Kraftwerk – Autobahn" 3119: 3107: 3059: 2903: 2876: 2864: 2834: 2775: 2663: 2582: 2555: 2543: 2483: 2442: 2430: 2418: 2399: 2343: 2295: 2258: 2186: 2111: 1758: 1654: 1380:Kraftwerk performing "Autobahn" in 2013 1344:and a three-and-a-half star rating in 1005:at first, but upon listening to it and 336:. Recording started at the group's own 3204: 3158: 3071: 3047: 2939: 2927: 2721: 2694: 2522: 2510: 2471: 2319: 2307: 2241: 516:rather than the "monotonous pulse" of 4341:. No. 192. London. p. 110. 3908:Dalton, Stephen (2005). "Kraftwerk - 3776:Clayton-Lea, Tony (30 October 2009). 3146: 3095: 3035: 2915: 2849: 2802: 2790: 2763: 2748: 2736: 2675: 2607: 2570: 2495: 2384: 2372: 2355: 2331: 1759: 1730:"Kometenmelodie 2" ("Comet Melody 2") 1719:"Kometenmelodie 1" ("Comet Melody 1") 1655: 1626:"Kometenmelodie 2" ("Comet Melody 2") 1615:"Kometenmelodie 1" ("Comet Melody 1") 1045: 897: 733:" was described as "post-psychedelic 296:is the fourth studio album by German 7: 5038:Albums produced by Florian Schneider 4480:from the original on 30 January 2022 4453:from the original on 30 January 2022 4424:from the original on 30 January 2022 4311:Kraftwerk: Future Music from Germany 4277:from the original on 30 January 2022 4167:from the original on 30 January 2022 4129:"Gear Rundown: Kraftwerk's Autobahn" 4105:Larsen, Crystal (18 December 2014). 4059:from the original on 30 January 2022 4030:from the original on 30 January 2022 4003:from the original on 30 January 2022 3895:from the original on 30 January 2022 3866:from the original on 30 January 2022 3811:Coleman, Mark; Randall, Mac (2004). 3632:from the original on 30 January 2022 3607:from the original on 30 January 2022 3131: 3008: 2966: 2706: 2619: 2196: 1752:"Morgenspaziergang" ("Morning Walk") 1648:"Morgenspaziergang" ("Morning Walk") 483:and the works of fellow German band 4335:(November 2009). "Gut Vibrations". 4107:"Grammy Hall Of Fame Class of 2015" 3952:Dalton, Stephen (19 August 2016b). 3927:Dalton, Stephen (19 August 2016a). 3596:"Kraftwerk: 2 a.m. Newcastle Hotel" 3593:Barton, Geoff (20 September 1975). 2151:German Albums (Offizielle Top 100) 1439:, as well as German groups such as 1272:In 1985, Simon Witter wrote in the 1192: 717:" ("Comet Melody") was inspired by 463:, who had released an album titled 4410:Walker, Jeff (15 September 1978). 3850:Dallas, Karl (27 September 1975). 3559:from the original on 10 April 2021 3529:from the original on 17 April 2021 3366:"Charts.nz – Kraftwerk – Autobahn" 787:, as part of a compilation called 762:charted in the US for 22 weeks on 328:style of their earlier work to an 18:1974 studio album by Kraftwerk 14: 4395:Van Matre, Lynn (23 April 1975). 4043:Hemingway, David (October 2003). 3825:The New Rolling Stone Album Guide 3666:Kraftwerk: Man, Machine and Music 1392:in France. Kraftwerk followed-up 1347:The New Rolling Stone Album Guide 1242: 1185:The New Rolling Stone Album Guide 1154: 1116: 1066: 964:. Among contemporaneous reviews, 609:, Carsten Brocker said that with 597:The Autobahn in Germany in 2007. 557:King drum machines on the album. 4981: 4980: 4261:Rogers, Jude (27 January 2013). 4180:Power, Chris (12 October 2009). 3171:Seabrook, Thomas Jerome (2008). 1261: 1256: 1251: 1246: 1241: 1211: 1206: 1201: 1196: 1191: 1173: 1168: 1163: 1158: 1153: 1135: 1130: 1125: 1120: 1115: 1085: 1080: 1075: 1070: 1065: 4356:Depeche Mode: Some Great Reward 3620:Breihan, Tom (19 August 2009). 3378:"Official Albums Chart Top 100" 3290:Australian Chart Book 1970–1992 1829:Barbara Niemoller – photography 304:, released in November 1974 by 5043:Albums produced by Ralf Hütter 4016:Ewing, Tom (1 December 2009). 3879:Dalton, Stephen (April 2004). 3853:"Kraftwerk: Synthetic Rockers" 3406:. Retrieved 18 February 2017. 3384:. Retrieved 18 February 2017. 2143:Canadian Albums (RPM Top 100) 1688: 1599: 1562: 1: 4488:– via Rock's Backpages. 4466:Witter, Simon (6 June 1991). 4461:– via Rock's Backpages. 4437:Witter, Simon (6 July 1985). 4432:– via Rock's Backpages. 4292:German Pop Music: A Companion 4285:– via Rock's Backpages. 4228:Spin Alternative Record Guide 4175:– via Rock's Backpages. 4127:McNiece, Sam (14 June 2021). 4067:– via Rock's Backpages. 3903:– via Rock's Backpages. 3874:– via Rock's Backpages. 3615:– via Rock's Backpages. 3481:British Phonographic Industry 3344:. Retrieved 6 November 2020. 3313:"Top RPM Albums: Issue 3949a" 3177:. Jawbone Press. p. 85. 1289:Spin Alternative Record Guide 1223:Spin Alternative Record Guide 5048:Electroacoustic music albums 5033:1970s German-language albums 3912:". In Dimery, Robert (ed.). 3748:"Christgau's Consumer Guide" 3728:. Rowman & Littlefield. 3519:"Top 100 Album-Jahrescharts" 2047: 2035: 2009: 1983: 1969: 1954: 1942: 1930: 1918: 3323:Library and Archives Canada 1834:The 1985 re-release added: 5064: 4714:Tour de France Soundtracks 4358:. Sidgwick & Jackson. 4046:"Kraftwerk: Tour de Force" 3394:"Kraftwerk Chart History ( 3325:. Retrieved 4 April 2022. 2982:Coleman & Randall 2004 1741:"Mitternacht" ("Midnight") 1637:"Mitternacht" ("Midnight") 1478:had an impact on his band 1358:to a B−. In the 2005 book 1302:gave the 2009 remaster of 833:Robert Schumann Hochschule 577:on violin and guitar, and 469:in October 1973. Prior to 4975: 4549: 4380:. Caipirnha Productions. 4096:. p. 67 – via 3647:Kraftwerk: Music Non-Stop 2158: 2150: 2142: 2137: 2134: 2112: 2097: 2082: 2074: 2071: 2068: 2040: 2028: 2021: 2018: 2002: 1995: 1992: 1974: 1959: 1947: 1935: 1923: 1909: 1897: 1890: 1887: 1854:, artwork reconstruction. 1748: 1737: 1726: 1715: 1700: 1692: 1644: 1633: 1622: 1611: 1603: 1574: 1566: 1462:. Other artists, such as 1053: 1050: 905: 902: 837:Berlin Symphony Orchestra 704:Fahren auf der Autobahn!? 607:Kraftwerk: Music Non-Stop 542:'s "long, lank tresses". 443:Background and production 320:on guitar and flute, and 316:; later, the group added 285: 255: 240: 228: 224: 215: 178: 28: 4221:(1995). "Kraftwerk". In 3989:Erlewine, Stephen Thomas 3882:"Kraftwerk: OK Computer" 3726:Experiencing David Bowie 3585:Fort Worth Star-Telegram 3342:GfK Entertainment Charts 2224:"Great Rock Discography" 2210:"Great Rock Discography" 1364:, Stephen Dalton called 1023:Fort Worth Star-Telegram 940:In 2013, Jude Rogers of 447:Prior to the release of 416:Fort Worth Star-Telegram 4354:Thompson, Dave (1995). 4225:; Marks, Craig (eds.). 3382:Official Charts Company 1910:Canada Top Albums/CDs ( 888:Contemporaneous reviews 772:Top LPs and Tapes chart 632:Industrielle Volksmusik 268:Released: February 1975 235:2009 remastered edition 5023:Vertigo Records albums 5018:Philips Records albums 3993:"Autobahn – Kraftwerk" 3668:. SAF Publishing Ltd. 3664:Bussy, Pascal (2004). 1381: 1306:a five-star rating in 729: 723: 713: 703: 631: 602: 4440:"Kraftwerk: Autobahn" 4309:Schütte, Uwe (2020). 4290:Schütte, Uwe (2017). 4154:"Kraftwerk: Autobahn" 3724:Chapman, Ian (2015). 3699:"Kraftwerk: Reissues" 3443:(in French). InfoDisc 1379: 1041:Retrospective ratings 1036:Retrospective reviews 841:Karlheinz Stockhausen 655:sound of groups like 646:industrial folk music 596: 382:Initial reception to 5028:1970s concept albums 4820:Trans-Europe Express 4674:Trans-Europe Express 4469:"Kraftwerk: Robopop" 4402:The Bradenton Herald 3964:on 20 September 2016 3829:Simon & Schuster 3238:(Album back cover). 1948:New Zealand Albums ( 1335:Trans-Europe Express 1026:and Wayne Robins of 995:Bill Provick of the 893:Contemporary ratings 737:" by Chris Power in 4876:Tour de France 2003 3920:Cassell Illustrated 3274:. 2009. CDSTUMM303. 3242:. 1974. SRM-1-1154. 3224:. 1974. SRM-1-1154. 2065: 2043:Schweizer Hitparade 1812:Additional personal 1595: 1558: 1042: 894: 879:between countries. 849:Newcastle-upon-Tyne 553:Rhythm Unit 10 and 500:noted the music of 277:Released: July 1975 4935:Kling Klang Studio 4862:The Telephone Call 4574:Falk Grieffenhagen 4508:(list of releases) 4210:The Ottawa Citizen 3939:on 8 December 2018 3711:on 5 December 2010 2984:, pp. 468–69. 2645:on 29 January 2020 2064: 2031:Offizielle Top 100 1926:Offizielle Top 100 1898:Australia Albums ( 1888:Chart (1974–1975) 1593: 1556: 1382: 1040: 892: 863:, Birmingham, and 603: 540:Christopher Franke 274:"Kometenmelodie 2" 4995: 4994: 4971: 4970: 4741:3-D The Catalogue 4617:Fernando Abrantes 4582:Florian Schneider 4324:978-0-14-198675-3 4301:978-3-11-042571-0 4256:. pp. 20–21. 4194:on 26 August 2011 4094:Los Angeles Times 4085:Los Angeles Times 4075:Los Angeles Times 3753:The Village Voice 3744:Christgau, Robert 3735:978-1-4422-3751-3 3686:The Tampa Tribune 3656:978-1-4411-6507-7 3523:GfK Entertainment 3270:(Booklet notes). 3220:(Vinyl sticker). 3184:978-1-906002-08-4 2177: 2176: 2170: 2169: 2125: 2124: 2120: 2116: 2052: 2051: 2014: 2013: 2005:Sverigetopplistan 1988: 1987: 1900:Kent Music Report 1793:Florian Schneider 1769: 1768: 1665: 1664: 1589: 1588: 1450:In his review of 1270: 1269: 922: 921: 913:The Village Voice 724:Morgenspaziergang 657:Throbbing Gristle 497:Los Angeles Times 457:Florian Schneider 310:Florian Schneider 289: 288: 220:Alternative cover 211: 210: 158:Florian Schneider 5055: 5013:Kraftwerk albums 4984: 4983: 4915: 4855:Musique Non-Stop 4650:Ralf und Florian 4536: 4529: 4522: 4513: 4489: 4487: 4485: 4471: 4462: 4460: 4458: 4442: 4433: 4431: 4429: 4415: 4406: 4391: 4369: 4350: 4328: 4305: 4286: 4284: 4282: 4266: 4257: 4246: 4214: 4203: 4201: 4199: 4190:. Archived from 4187:Drowned in Sound 4176: 4174: 4172: 4156: 4151:(19 June 1975). 4149:Mendelsohn, John 4144: 4142: 4140: 4131:. Archived from 4123: 4121: 4119: 4101: 4088: 4079: 4068: 4066: 4064: 4052:Record Collector 4048: 4039: 4037: 4035: 4012: 4010: 4008: 3984: 3973: 3971: 3969: 3960:. Archived from 3948: 3946: 3944: 3935:. Archived from 3923: 3904: 3902: 3900: 3884: 3875: 3873: 3871: 3855: 3846: 3827:(4th ed.). 3821:Hoard, Christian 3817:Brackett, Nathan 3807: 3805: 3803: 3794:. Archived from 3772: 3770: 3768: 3746:(7 April 1975). 3739: 3720: 3718: 3716: 3707:. Archived from 3690: 3679: 3660: 3641: 3639: 3637: 3616: 3614: 3612: 3598: 3589: 3569: 3568: 3566: 3564: 3545: 3539: 3538: 3536: 3534: 3515: 3509: 3508: 3506: 3498: 3492: 3491: 3489: 3487: 3473: 3467: 3465: 3452: 3450: 3448: 3437: 3431: 3425: 3419: 3413: 3407: 3391: 3385: 3375: 3369: 3363: 3357: 3351: 3345: 3335: 3326: 3310: 3304: 3303: 3282: 3276: 3275: 3264: 3258: 3257: 3250: 3244: 3243: 3232: 3226: 3225: 3214: 3208: 3202: 3196: 3195: 3193: 3191: 3168: 3162: 3156: 3150: 3144: 3135: 3129: 3123: 3117: 3111: 3105: 3099: 3093: 3087: 3081: 3075: 3069: 3063: 3057: 3051: 3045: 3039: 3033: 3027: 3021: 3012: 3006: 2997: 2991: 2985: 2979: 2970: 2964: 2955: 2952:Clayton-Lea 2009 2949: 2943: 2937: 2931: 2925: 2919: 2913: 2907: 2901: 2892: 2886: 2880: 2874: 2868: 2862: 2853: 2847: 2838: 2832: 2823: 2817: 2806: 2800: 2794: 2788: 2779: 2773: 2767: 2761: 2752: 2746: 2740: 2734: 2725: 2719: 2710: 2704: 2698: 2692: 2679: 2673: 2667: 2661: 2655: 2654: 2652: 2650: 2641:. Archived from 2629: 2623: 2617: 2611: 2605: 2586: 2580: 2574: 2568: 2559: 2553: 2547: 2541: 2526: 2520: 2514: 2508: 2499: 2498:, p. 55–56. 2493: 2487: 2481: 2475: 2469: 2458: 2452: 2446: 2440: 2434: 2428: 2422: 2416: 2403: 2397: 2388: 2382: 2376: 2370: 2359: 2353: 2347: 2341: 2335: 2329: 2323: 2317: 2311: 2305: 2299: 2293: 2287: 2281: 2262: 2256: 2245: 2239: 2228: 2227: 2220: 2214: 2213: 2206: 2200: 2194: 2132: 2118: 2114: 2098:United Kingdom ( 2066: 2016: 2003:Swedish Albums ( 1990: 1885: 1876: 1852:electronic drums 1842:on "Mitternacht" 1826:– Cover painting 1807:– violin, guitar 1762: 1690: 1685: 1658: 1601: 1596: 1564: 1559: 1498:Afrika Bambaataa 1266: 1265: 1264: 1260: 1259: 1255: 1254: 1250: 1249: 1245: 1244: 1216: 1215: 1214: 1210: 1209: 1205: 1204: 1200: 1199: 1195: 1194: 1178: 1177: 1176: 1172: 1171: 1167: 1166: 1162: 1161: 1157: 1156: 1140: 1139: 1138: 1134: 1133: 1129: 1128: 1124: 1123: 1119: 1118: 1097:Drowned in Sound 1090: 1089: 1088: 1084: 1083: 1079: 1078: 1074: 1073: 1069: 1068: 1043: 1007:Ralf and Florian 986:Robert Christgau 895: 816:Ralf and Florian 740:Drowned in Sound 732: 726: 716: 709:electro-acoustic 706: 685:, and the rural 653:industrial music 650: 647: 644: 641: 638: 634: 502:Ralf und Florian 475:Michael Oldfield 466:Ralf und Florian 403:Robert Christgau 400: 374: 298:electronic music 278: 275: 269: 266: 233: 185:Ralf and Florian 180: 179: 125: 124: 120: 33: 21: 5063: 5062: 5058: 5057: 5056: 5054: 5053: 5052: 4998: 4997: 4996: 4991: 4967: 4946: 4906: 4901:Minimum-Maximum 4888: 4793: 4766: 4747: 4733:Minimum-Maximum 4720: 4682:The Man-Machine 4621: 4568:Henning Schmitz 4545: 4540: 4496: 4483: 4481: 4465: 4456: 4454: 4436: 4427: 4425: 4409: 4405:. p. A-14. 4394: 4388: 4372: 4366: 4353: 4331: 4325: 4308: 4302: 4289: 4280: 4278: 4260: 4249: 4243: 4219:Reynolds, Simon 4217: 4206: 4197: 4195: 4179: 4170: 4168: 4147: 4138: 4136: 4135:on 29 June 2021 4126: 4117: 4115: 4104: 4091: 4082: 4071: 4062: 4060: 4042: 4033: 4031: 4018:"The Catalogue" 4015: 4006: 4004: 3987: 3980:The Leader-Post 3976: 3967: 3965: 3951: 3942: 3940: 3926: 3907: 3898: 3896: 3878: 3869: 3867: 3849: 3839: 3810: 3801: 3799: 3783:The Irish Times 3775: 3766: 3764: 3742: 3736: 3723: 3714: 3712: 3695:Cavanagh, David 3693: 3682: 3676: 3663: 3657: 3644: 3635: 3633: 3619: 3610: 3608: 3592: 3581: 3578: 3573: 3572: 3562: 3560: 3547: 3546: 3542: 3532: 3530: 3517: 3516: 3512: 3504: 3500: 3499: 3495: 3485: 3483: 3475: 3474: 3470: 3463: 3446: 3444: 3439: 3438: 3434: 3426: 3422: 3414: 3410: 3392: 3388: 3376: 3372: 3364: 3360: 3352: 3348: 3336: 3329: 3311: 3307: 3300: 3284: 3283: 3279: 3266: 3265: 3261: 3252: 3251: 3247: 3240:Mercury Records 3234: 3233: 3229: 3222:Mercury Records 3216: 3215: 3211: 3203: 3199: 3189: 3187: 3185: 3170: 3169: 3165: 3157: 3153: 3145: 3138: 3130: 3126: 3118: 3114: 3106: 3102: 3094: 3090: 3082: 3078: 3070: 3066: 3058: 3054: 3046: 3042: 3034: 3030: 3022: 3015: 3007: 3000: 2992: 2988: 2980: 2973: 2965: 2958: 2950: 2946: 2938: 2934: 2926: 2922: 2914: 2910: 2902: 2895: 2889:Mendelsohn 1975 2887: 2883: 2875: 2871: 2863: 2856: 2848: 2841: 2833: 2826: 2818: 2809: 2801: 2797: 2789: 2782: 2774: 2770: 2762: 2755: 2747: 2743: 2735: 2728: 2720: 2713: 2705: 2701: 2693: 2682: 2674: 2670: 2662: 2658: 2648: 2646: 2631: 2630: 2626: 2618: 2614: 2606: 2589: 2581: 2577: 2569: 2562: 2554: 2550: 2542: 2529: 2521: 2517: 2509: 2502: 2494: 2490: 2482: 2478: 2470: 2461: 2453: 2449: 2441: 2437: 2429: 2425: 2417: 2406: 2398: 2391: 2383: 2379: 2371: 2362: 2354: 2350: 2342: 2338: 2330: 2326: 2318: 2314: 2306: 2302: 2294: 2290: 2282: 2265: 2257: 2248: 2240: 2231: 2222: 2221: 2217: 2208: 2207: 2203: 2195: 2188: 2183: 2178: 2130: 2128:Year-end charts 2117: 2076:Certified units 2062: 2056: 2029:German Albums ( 2023: 1997: 1924:German Albums ( 1892: 1883: 1873: 1840:electric violin 1833: 1814: 1783: 1775: 1770: 1760: 1671: 1666: 1656: 1590: 1550: 1505:Patrick Codenys 1466:, began noting 1374: 1341:The Irish Times 1262: 1257: 1252: 1247: 1212: 1207: 1202: 1197: 1174: 1169: 1164: 1159: 1136: 1131: 1126: 1121: 1109:The Irish Times 1086: 1081: 1076: 1071: 1038: 1012:The Leader-Post 966:John Mendelsohn 962:Nuremberg rally 890: 885: 825: 806:Vertigo Records 756:Philips Records 749: 648: 645: 642: 639: 591: 510:Morton Subotnik 490:Chicago Tribune 485:Tangerine Dream 445: 398: 372: 306:Philips Records 281: 276: 273: 272: 267: 260: 259: 236: 206: 197: 188: 122: 118: 117: 101:electroacoustic 54:1 November 1974 46: 19: 12: 11: 5: 5061: 5059: 5051: 5050: 5045: 5040: 5035: 5030: 5025: 5020: 5015: 5010: 5000: 4999: 4993: 4992: 4990: 4989: 4976: 4973: 4972: 4969: 4968: 4966: 4965: 4960: 4954: 4952: 4948: 4947: 4945: 4944: 4937: 4932: 4927: 4921: 4919: 4912: 4908: 4907: 4905: 4904: 4896: 4894: 4890: 4889: 4887: 4886: 4879: 4872: 4865: 4858: 4851: 4848:Tour de France 4844: 4837: 4830: 4823: 4816: 4809: 4801: 4799: 4795: 4794: 4792: 4791: 4783: 4774: 4772: 4768: 4767: 4765: 4764: 4755: 4753: 4749: 4748: 4746: 4745: 4737: 4728: 4726: 4722: 4721: 4719: 4718: 4710: 4702: 4694: 4690:Computer World 4686: 4678: 4670: 4666:Radio-Activity 4662: 4654: 4646: 4638: 4629: 4627: 4623: 4622: 4620: 4619: 4614: 4609: 4607:Michael Rother 4604: 4599: 4594: 4589: 4584: 4578: 4577: 4570: 4565: 4558: 4550: 4547: 4546: 4541: 4539: 4538: 4531: 4524: 4516: 4510: 4509: 4495: 4494:External links 4492: 4491: 4490: 4463: 4434: 4407: 4392: 4386: 4370: 4364: 4351: 4329: 4323: 4306: 4300: 4294:. De Gruyter. 4287: 4258: 4247: 4241: 4223:Weisbard, Eric 4215: 4204: 4177: 4145: 4124: 4102: 4098:Newspapers.com 4089: 4080: 4069: 4040: 4013: 3985: 3974: 3949: 3924: 3905: 3876: 3847: 3837: 3808: 3798:on 2 July 2017 3773: 3740: 3734: 3721: 3691: 3680: 3674: 3661: 3655: 3642: 3617: 3590: 3588:. p. 3-F. 3577: 3574: 3571: 3570: 3540: 3510: 3493: 3468: 3432: 3420: 3408: 3386: 3370: 3358: 3346: 3327: 3305: 3298: 3277: 3259: 3245: 3227: 3209: 3197: 3183: 3163: 3151: 3136: 3134:, p. 115. 3124: 3112: 3110:, p. 124. 3100: 3088: 3084:Hemingway 2003 3076: 3064: 3052: 3050:, p. 318. 3040: 3028: 3026:, p. 216. 3013: 2998: 2996:, p. 215. 2986: 2971: 2956: 2944: 2932: 2920: 2908: 2893: 2881: 2869: 2867:, p. 298. 2854: 2839: 2824: 2820:Christgau 1975 2807: 2795: 2780: 2768: 2753: 2741: 2726: 2711: 2699: 2680: 2668: 2656: 2624: 2612: 2587: 2575: 2560: 2548: 2527: 2515: 2500: 2488: 2476: 2459: 2447: 2435: 2433:, p. 105. 2423: 2421:, p. 104. 2404: 2402:, p. 103. 2389: 2377: 2360: 2348: 2336: 2324: 2312: 2300: 2288: 2284:Van Matre 1975 2263: 2246: 2229: 2226:. p. 471. 2215: 2212:. p. 471. 2201: 2185: 2184: 2182: 2179: 2175: 2174: 2168: 2167: 2164: 2156: 2155: 2152: 2148: 2147: 2144: 2140: 2139: 2136: 2129: 2126: 2123: 2122: 2110: 2109: 2106: 2103: 2095: 2094: 2091: 2088: 2080: 2079: 2073: 2070: 2061: 2060:Certifications 2058: 2053: 2050: 2049: 2046: 2041:Swiss Albums ( 2038: 2037: 2034: 2026: 2025: 2020: 2012: 2011: 2008: 2000: 1999: 1994: 1986: 1985: 1982: 1972: 1971: 1968: 1957: 1956: 1953: 1945: 1944: 1941: 1936:Dutch Albums ( 1933: 1932: 1929: 1921: 1920: 1917: 1907: 1906: 1903: 1895: 1894: 1889: 1882: 1879: 1874: 1872: 1869: 1868: 1867: 1864: 1861: 1858: 1855: 1844: 1843: 1838:Klaus Röder – 1831: 1830: 1827: 1821: 1813: 1810: 1809: 1808: 1802: 1796: 1790: 1782: 1779: 1774: 1771: 1767: 1766: 1763: 1757: 1756: 1753: 1750: 1746: 1745: 1742: 1739: 1735: 1734: 1731: 1728: 1724: 1723: 1720: 1717: 1713: 1712: 1709: 1702: 1698: 1697: 1694: 1691: 1683: 1670: 1667: 1663: 1662: 1659: 1653: 1652: 1649: 1646: 1642: 1641: 1638: 1635: 1631: 1630: 1627: 1624: 1620: 1619: 1616: 1613: 1609: 1608: 1605: 1602: 1591: 1587: 1586: 1583: 1576: 1572: 1571: 1568: 1565: 1551: 1549: 1546: 1472:Michael Rother 1433:The Eurythmics 1399:Radio-Activity 1373: 1370: 1300:David Cavanagh 1284:Simon Reynolds 1268: 1267: 1238: 1230: 1229: 1226: 1218: 1217: 1188: 1180: 1179: 1150: 1142: 1141: 1112: 1104: 1103: 1100: 1092: 1091: 1062: 1056: 1055: 1052: 1048: 1047: 1037: 1034: 998:Ottawa Citizen 920: 919: 916: 908: 907: 904: 900: 899: 889: 886: 884: 881: 877:mains voltages 845:Mauricio Kagel 824: 821: 748: 745: 730:Kometenmelodie 719:Comet Kohoutek 714:Kometenmelodie 683:Castrop-Rauxel 619:electronic pop 590: 587: 555:Vox Percussion 494:Hooker of the 444: 441: 433:Simon Reynolds 330:electronic pop 287: 286: 283: 282: 280: 279: 270: 256: 253: 252: 242: 241: 238: 237: 234: 226: 225: 222: 221: 217: 216: 213: 212: 209: 208: 199: 190: 176: 175: 168: 167: 166: 165: 160: 153: 147: 146: 141: 135: 134: 131: 127: 126: 115: 111: 110: 109: 108: 103: 98: 96:Electronic pop 91: 85: 84: 83: 82: 72: 60: 56: 55: 52: 48: 47: 42: 35: 34: 26: 25: 17: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5060: 5049: 5046: 5044: 5041: 5039: 5036: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5026: 5024: 5021: 5019: 5016: 5014: 5011: 5009: 5006: 5005: 5003: 4988: 4987: 4978: 4977: 4974: 4964: 4961: 4959: 4956: 4955: 4953: 4949: 4943: 4942: 4938: 4936: 4933: 4931: 4928: 4926: 4923: 4922: 4920: 4916: 4913: 4909: 4903: 4902: 4898: 4897: 4895: 4891: 4884: 4880: 4877: 4873: 4870: 4866: 4863: 4859: 4856: 4852: 4849: 4845: 4842: 4841:Computer Love 4838: 4835: 4831: 4828: 4824: 4821: 4817: 4814: 4813:Radioactivity 4810: 4807: 4803: 4802: 4800: 4796: 4789: 4788: 4787:The Catalogue 4784: 4781: 4780: 4776: 4775: 4773: 4769: 4762: 4761: 4757: 4756: 4754: 4750: 4743: 4742: 4738: 4735: 4734: 4730: 4729: 4727: 4723: 4716: 4715: 4711: 4708: 4707: 4703: 4700: 4699: 4698:Electric Café 4695: 4692: 4691: 4687: 4684: 4683: 4679: 4676: 4675: 4671: 4668: 4667: 4663: 4660: 4659: 4655: 4652: 4651: 4647: 4644: 4643: 4639: 4636: 4635: 4631: 4630: 4628: 4626:Studio albums 4624: 4618: 4615: 4613: 4610: 4608: 4605: 4603: 4600: 4598: 4595: 4593: 4592:Wolfgang Flür 4590: 4588: 4585: 4583: 4580: 4579: 4576: 4575: 4571: 4569: 4566: 4564: 4563: 4562:Fritz Hilpert 4559: 4557: 4556: 4552: 4551: 4548: 4544: 4537: 4532: 4530: 4525: 4523: 4518: 4517: 4514: 4507: 4503: 4502: 4498: 4497: 4493: 4479: 4475: 4470: 4464: 4452: 4448: 4447: 4441: 4435: 4423: 4419: 4414: 4408: 4404: 4403: 4398: 4393: 4389: 4387:1-891024-06-X 4383: 4379: 4375: 4371: 4367: 4365:0-283-06243-6 4361: 4357: 4352: 4348: 4344: 4340: 4339: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4320: 4316: 4315:Penguin Books 4312: 4307: 4303: 4297: 4293: 4288: 4276: 4272: 4271: 4265: 4259: 4255: 4254: 4248: 4244: 4242:0-679-75574-8 4238: 4234: 4233:Vintage Books 4230: 4229: 4224: 4220: 4216: 4213:. p. 73. 4212: 4211: 4205: 4193: 4189: 4188: 4183: 4178: 4166: 4162: 4161: 4160:Rolling Stone 4155: 4150: 4146: 4134: 4130: 4125: 4114: 4113: 4112:Grammy Awards 4108: 4103: 4099: 4095: 4090: 4087:. p. 14. 4086: 4081: 4078:. p. 13. 4077: 4076: 4070: 4058: 4054: 4053: 4047: 4041: 4029: 4025: 4024: 4019: 4014: 4002: 3998: 3994: 3990: 3986: 3983:. p. 16. 3982: 3981: 3975: 3963: 3959: 3955: 3950: 3938: 3934: 3930: 3925: 3921: 3917: 3916: 3911: 3906: 3894: 3890: 3889: 3883: 3877: 3865: 3861: 3860: 3854: 3848: 3844: 3840: 3838:0-7432-0169-8 3834: 3830: 3826: 3822: 3818: 3814: 3809: 3797: 3793: 3789: 3785: 3784: 3779: 3774: 3763: 3759: 3755: 3754: 3749: 3745: 3741: 3737: 3731: 3727: 3722: 3710: 3706: 3705: 3700: 3696: 3692: 3689:. p. 11. 3688: 3687: 3681: 3677: 3675:0-946719-70-5 3671: 3667: 3662: 3658: 3652: 3648: 3643: 3631: 3627: 3623: 3618: 3606: 3602: 3597: 3591: 3587: 3586: 3580: 3579: 3575: 3558: 3554: 3550: 3544: 3541: 3528: 3524: 3521:(in German). 3520: 3514: 3511: 3503: 3497: 3494: 3482: 3478: 3472: 3469: 3466: 3459: 3455: 3442: 3436: 3433: 3429: 3424: 3421: 3417: 3412: 3409: 3405: 3404: 3399: 3397: 3390: 3387: 3383: 3379: 3374: 3371: 3367: 3362: 3359: 3355: 3350: 3347: 3343: 3340:(in German). 3339: 3334: 3332: 3328: 3324: 3320: 3319: 3314: 3309: 3306: 3301: 3299:0-646-11917-6 3295: 3291: 3287: 3281: 3278: 3273: 3269: 3263: 3260: 3255: 3249: 3246: 3241: 3237: 3231: 3228: 3223: 3219: 3213: 3210: 3206: 3201: 3198: 3186: 3180: 3176: 3175: 3167: 3164: 3160: 3155: 3152: 3149:, p. 62. 3148: 3143: 3141: 3137: 3133: 3128: 3125: 3121: 3116: 3113: 3109: 3104: 3101: 3098:, p. 70. 3097: 3092: 3089: 3085: 3080: 3077: 3073: 3068: 3065: 3062:, p. 76. 3061: 3056: 3053: 3049: 3044: 3041: 3037: 3032: 3029: 3025: 3024:Reynolds 1995 3020: 3018: 3014: 3010: 3005: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2994:Reynolds 1995 2990: 2987: 2983: 2978: 2976: 2972: 2968: 2963: 2961: 2957: 2953: 2948: 2945: 2941: 2936: 2933: 2929: 2924: 2921: 2917: 2912: 2909: 2905: 2900: 2898: 2894: 2890: 2885: 2882: 2879:, p. 65. 2878: 2873: 2870: 2866: 2861: 2859: 2855: 2852:, p. 58. 2851: 2846: 2844: 2840: 2837:, p. 64. 2836: 2831: 2829: 2825: 2821: 2816: 2814: 2812: 2808: 2805:, p. 67. 2804: 2799: 2796: 2793:, p. 66. 2792: 2787: 2785: 2781: 2778:, p. 72. 2777: 2772: 2769: 2766:, p. 65. 2765: 2760: 2758: 2754: 2751:, p. 64. 2750: 2745: 2742: 2739:, p. 63. 2738: 2733: 2731: 2727: 2723: 2718: 2716: 2712: 2709:, p. 67. 2708: 2703: 2700: 2696: 2691: 2689: 2687: 2685: 2681: 2678:, p. 61. 2677: 2672: 2669: 2665: 2660: 2657: 2644: 2640: 2639: 2634: 2628: 2625: 2622:, p. 66. 2621: 2616: 2613: 2610:, p. 69. 2609: 2604: 2602: 2600: 2598: 2596: 2594: 2592: 2588: 2585:, p. 63. 2584: 2579: 2576: 2572: 2567: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2552: 2549: 2545: 2540: 2538: 2536: 2534: 2532: 2528: 2524: 2519: 2516: 2512: 2507: 2505: 2501: 2497: 2492: 2489: 2486:, p. 55. 2485: 2480: 2477: 2473: 2468: 2466: 2464: 2460: 2457:, p. 19. 2456: 2455:Thompson 1995 2451: 2448: 2445:, p. 86. 2444: 2439: 2436: 2432: 2427: 2424: 2420: 2415: 2413: 2411: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2396: 2394: 2390: 2387:, p. 57. 2386: 2381: 2378: 2375:, p. 56. 2374: 2369: 2367: 2365: 2361: 2358:, p. 54. 2357: 2352: 2349: 2345: 2340: 2337: 2334:, p. 52. 2333: 2328: 2325: 2321: 2316: 2313: 2309: 2304: 2301: 2298:, p. 60. 2297: 2292: 2289: 2285: 2280: 2278: 2276: 2274: 2272: 2270: 2268: 2264: 2261:, p. 42. 2260: 2255: 2253: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2238: 2236: 2234: 2230: 2225: 2219: 2216: 2211: 2205: 2202: 2198: 2193: 2191: 2187: 2180: 2173: 2165: 2162: 2157: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2135:Chart (1975) 2133: 2127: 2121: 2107: 2104: 2101: 2096: 2092: 2089: 2086: 2081: 2077: 2072:Certification 2067: 2059: 2057: 2054: 2044: 2039: 2032: 2027: 2019:Chart (2020) 2017: 2006: 2001: 1993:Chart (1985) 1991: 1981: 1979: 1973: 1966: 1962: 1958: 1951: 1946: 1939: 1938:Album Top 100 1934: 1927: 1922: 1915: 1914: 1908: 1904: 1901: 1896: 1886: 1881:Weekly charts 1880: 1878: 1877: 1870: 1865: 1862: 1859: 1856: 1853: 1849: 1848: 1847: 1841: 1837: 1836: 1835: 1828: 1825: 1822: 1819: 1816: 1815: 1811: 1806: 1803: 1800: 1799:Wolfgang Flür 1797: 1794: 1791: 1788: 1785: 1784: 1780: 1778: 1772: 1764: 1761:Total length: 1754: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1686: 1682: 1680: 1676: 1668: 1660: 1657:Total length: 1650: 1647: 1643: 1639: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1614: 1610: 1597: 1584: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1560: 1554: 1548:Track listing 1547: 1545: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1503:According to 1501: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1486: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1457: 1453: 1448: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1405: 1401: 1400: 1395: 1391: 1390:Pathé-Marconi 1387: 1378: 1371: 1369: 1367: 1363: 1362: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1348: 1343: 1342: 1337: 1336: 1331: 1330: 1329:The Catalogue 1325: 1321: 1320: 1315: 1311: 1310: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1295: 1291: 1290: 1286:wrote in the 1285: 1280: 1277: 1276: 1239: 1237: 1236: 1232: 1231: 1227: 1225: 1224: 1220: 1219: 1189: 1187: 1186: 1182: 1181: 1151: 1149: 1148: 1144: 1143: 1113: 1111: 1110: 1106: 1105: 1101: 1099: 1098: 1094: 1093: 1063: 1061: 1058: 1057: 1049: 1046:Review scores 1044: 1035: 1033: 1031: 1030: 1025: 1024: 1018: 1014: 1013: 1008: 1004: 1000: 999: 993: 991: 990:Mike Oldfield 987: 983: 982: 981:Village Voice 977: 973: 972: 971:Rolling Stone 967: 963: 959: 958: 953: 949: 945: 944: 938: 936: 932: 927: 917: 915: 914: 910: 909: 901: 898:Review scores 896: 887: 882: 880: 878: 873: 868: 866: 862: 858: 854: 850: 846: 842: 838: 834: 830: 822: 820: 818: 817: 812: 807: 803: 799: 794: 792: 791: 790:The Catalogue 786: 782: 778: 774: 773: 768: 766: 761: 757: 753: 746: 744: 742: 741: 736: 731: 725: 720: 715: 710: 705: 700: 696: 691: 688: 684: 680: 676: 672: 668: 664: 663: 658: 654: 633: 627: 625: 620: 616: 612: 608: 600: 595: 588: 586: 584: 580: 579:Wolfgang Flür 576: 572: 568: 564: 560: 556: 552: 548: 543: 541: 537: 536:Peter Baumann 533: 532: 527: 523: 519: 515: 511: 507: 503: 499: 498: 492: 491: 486: 482: 481: 480:Tubular Bells 476: 472: 468: 467: 462: 458: 455:consisted of 454: 450: 442: 440: 438: 434: 430: 429: 424: 423: 418: 417: 412: 411:Mike Oldfield 408: 404: 397: 396: 395:Village Voice 391: 390: 389:Rolling Stone 385: 380: 378: 370: 366: 362: 358: 353: 351: 347: 343: 339: 335: 334:drum machines 331: 327: 323: 322:Wolfgang Flür 319: 315: 311: 307: 303: 299: 295: 294: 284: 271: 264: 258: 257: 254: 251: 247: 243: 239: 232: 227: 223: 218: 214: 205: 204: 200: 196: 195: 191: 187: 186: 182: 181: 177: 173: 169: 164: 161: 159: 156: 155: 154: 152: 148: 145: 142: 140: 136: 132: 128: 116: 112: 107: 104: 102: 99: 97: 94: 93: 92: 90: 86: 80: 76: 73: 70: 66: 63: 62: 61: 57: 53: 49: 45: 40: 36: 32: 27: 22: 16: 4979: 4963:Organisation 4939: 4899: 4785: 4777: 4758: 4752:Compilations 4739: 4731: 4712: 4704: 4696: 4688: 4680: 4672: 4664: 4657: 4656: 4648: 4640: 4632: 4602:Klaus Dinger 4572: 4567: 4560: 4553: 4499: 4482:. Retrieved 4473: 4455:. Retrieved 4444: 4426:. Retrieved 4417: 4400: 4377: 4355: 4336: 4310: 4291: 4279:. Retrieved 4270:The Observer 4268: 4251: 4227: 4208: 4196:. Retrieved 4192:the original 4185: 4169:. Retrieved 4158: 4137:. Retrieved 4133:the original 4116:. Retrieved 4110: 4093: 4084: 4073: 4061:. Retrieved 4050: 4032:. Retrieved 4021: 4005:. Retrieved 3978: 3966:. Retrieved 3962:the original 3957: 3941:. Retrieved 3937:the original 3932: 3914: 3909: 3897:. Retrieved 3886: 3868:. Retrieved 3859:Melody Maker 3857: 3841:– via 3824: 3800:. Retrieved 3796:the original 3781: 3767:23 September 3765:. Retrieved 3756:. New York. 3751: 3725: 3713:. Retrieved 3709:the original 3702: 3684: 3665: 3646: 3634:. Retrieved 3625: 3609:. Retrieved 3600: 3583: 3561:. Retrieved 3552: 3543: 3531:. Retrieved 3513: 3496: 3484:. Retrieved 3471: 3461: 3457: 3453: 3445:. Retrieved 3435: 3423: 3411: 3402: 3395: 3389: 3373: 3361: 3349: 3316: 3308: 3289: 3280: 3272:Mute Records 3267: 3262: 3253: 3248: 3235: 3230: 3217: 3212: 3200: 3188:. Retrieved 3173: 3166: 3154: 3127: 3122:, p. 5. 3120:Dalton 2016b 3115: 3108:Chapman 2015 3103: 3091: 3079: 3067: 3060:Schütte 2020 3055: 3043: 3031: 2989: 2947: 2935: 2923: 2911: 2904:Provick 1975 2884: 2877:Schütte 2020 2872: 2865:Schütte 2020 2835:Schütte 2020 2798: 2776:Schütte 2020 2771: 2744: 2702: 2671: 2664:Breihan 2009 2659: 2647:. Retrieved 2643:the original 2636: 2627: 2615: 2583:Schütte 2020 2578: 2556:Dalton 2016b 2551: 2546:, p. 4. 2544:Dalton 2016a 2518: 2491: 2484:Schütte 2020 2479: 2450: 2443:Schütte 2017 2438: 2431:Brocker 2011 2426: 2419:Brocker 2011 2400:Brocker 2011 2380: 2351: 2344:McNiece 2021 2339: 2327: 2315: 2303: 2296:Schütte 2020 2291: 2259:Schütte 2020 2218: 2204: 2171: 2160: 2113: 2055: 1977: 1911: 1845: 1832: 1818:Konrad Plank 1801:– percussion 1776: 1678: 1672: 1552: 1520: 1513:King Crimson 1507:of the band 1502: 1490:Arthur Baker 1483: 1475: 1467: 1459: 1451: 1449: 1421:Killing Joke 1416: 1412: 1408: 1403: 1397: 1393: 1383: 1365: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1345: 1339: 1333: 1327: 1317: 1307: 1303: 1298: 1293: 1287: 1278: 1273: 1271: 1233: 1221: 1183: 1145: 1107: 1095: 1027: 1021: 1016: 1010: 1006: 1002: 996: 994: 979: 976:Wendy Carlos 969: 955: 952:Lester Bangs 943:The Observer 941: 939: 934: 930: 925: 923: 911: 871: 869: 826: 814: 810: 795: 788: 784: 780: 770: 763: 759: 751: 750: 738: 698: 692: 660: 628: 623: 610: 606: 605:In the book 604: 575:Klaus Roeder 570: 558: 544: 531:Melody Maker 529: 526:Joseph Beuys 517: 514:Edgar Froese 505: 501: 495: 488: 478: 470: 464: 448: 446: 426: 420: 414: 407:Wendy Carlos 393: 387: 383: 381: 365:West Germany 354: 345: 292: 291: 290: 249: 201: 193: 192: 183: 39:Studio album 15: 5008:1974 albums 4930:Conny Plank 4925:Discography 4893:Videography 4883:Aerodynamik 4725:Live albums 4642:Kraftwerk 2 4612:Klaus Röder 4597:Emil Schult 4587:Karl Bartos 4555:Ralf Hütter 4484:16 November 4457:15 November 4428:20 November 4374:Toop, David 4281:16 November 4171:15 November 4118:9 September 4063:16 November 4034:28 November 4007:16 November 3968:23 November 3943:23 November 3899:15 November 3870:17 November 3843:Archive.org 3813:"Kraftwerk" 3715:16 November 3636:20 November 3611:20 November 3486:25 February 3447:25 February 3286:Kent, David 3205:Larsen 2014 3159:Calder 1977 3072:Walker 1978 3048:Dalton 2005 2940:Robins 1975 2928:Barker 1975 2722:Hooker 1976 2695:Rogers 2013 2649:17 November 2633:"Kraftwerk" 2523:Witter 1991 2511:Barton 1975 2472:Dalton 2004 2320:Dallas 1975 2308:Hooker 1975 2242:Witter 1985 1824:Emil Schult 1805:Klaus Röder 1787:Ralf Hütter 1677:edition of 1538:Terry Riley 1526:Simon Frith 1494:Planet Rock 1464:David Bowie 853:Bournemouth 829:Karl Bartos 802:Jem Records 695:Rod Stewart 599:Ralf Hütter 567:Conny Plank 563:Kling Klang 522:Emil Schult 461:Ralf Hütter 437:David Bowie 377:Karl Bartos 350:Emil Schult 344:'s studio. 342:Conny Plank 338:Kling Klang 318:Klaus Röder 314:Ralf Hütter 163:Ralf Hütter 77:'s Studio ( 65:Kling Klang 5002:Categories 4941:Tone Float 4827:The Robots 4760:Exceller 8 4139:11 January 3918:. London: 3786:. Dublin. 3458:and click 3147:Bussy 2004 3096:Bussy 2004 3036:Ewing 2009 2916:Deane 1975 2850:Bussy 2004 2803:Bussy 2004 2791:Bussy 2004 2764:Bussy 2004 2749:Bussy 2004 2737:Bussy 2004 2676:Bussy 2004 2608:Bussy 2004 2571:Power 2009 2496:Bussy 2004 2385:Bussy 2004 2373:Bussy 2004 2356:Bussy 2004 2332:Bussy 2004 2181:References 1820:– engineer 1675:remastered 1454:(1976) by 948:xenophobic 851:, London, 662:Doctor Who 583:Düsseldorf 203:Exceller 8 174:chronology 69:Düsseldorf 4869:Expo 2000 4834:The Model 4779:Klang Box 4634:Kraftwerk 4543:Kraftwerk 4347:1351-0193 4333:Snow, Mat 4023:Pitchfork 3792:0791-5144 3762:0042-6180 3626:Pitchfork 3553:Billboard 3456:KRAFTWERK 3403:Billboard 3396:Billboard 3132:Toop 2000 2967:Snow 2009 2707:Hunt 1975 2638:Billboard 2620:Hunt 1975 2161:Billboard 2138:Position 2024:position 1998:position 1978:Billboard 1961:UK Albums 1893:position 1781:Kraftwerk 1542:kosmische 1509:Front 242 1452:Sequencer 1429:Brian Eno 1386:Electrola 1324:Pitchfork 1316:wrote in 883:Reception 865:Liverpool 777:Phonogram 765:Billboard 735:kosmische 711:pieces. " 615:krautrock 453:Kraftwerk 401:s critic 361:autobahns 326:krautrock 302:Kraftwerk 250:Autobahn 172:Kraftwerk 106:kosmische 44:Kraftwerk 4986:Category 4918:Articles 4806:Autobahn 4771:Box sets 4658:Autobahn 4501:Autobahn 4478:Archived 4451:Archived 4422:Archived 4418:Waxpaper 4275:Archived 4165:Archived 4057:Archived 4028:Archived 4001:Archived 3997:AllMusic 3910:Autobahn 3893:Archived 3864:Archived 3823:(eds.). 3802:18 March 3630:Archived 3605:Archived 3563:17 April 3557:Archived 3533:17 April 3527:Archived 3288:(1993). 3268:Autobahn 3254:Autobahn 3236:Autobahn 3218:Autobahn 3190:25 April 3009:Cavanagh 2197:Erlewine 2093:100,000 2083:France ( 1706:Autobahn 1679:Autobahn 1669:Re-issue 1580:Autobahn 1534:AM radio 1521:Autobahn 1480:Harmonia 1476:Autobahn 1468:Autobahn 1460:Autobahn 1417:Autobahn 1413:Autobahn 1409:Autobahn 1404:Autobahn 1394:Autobahn 1366:Autobahn 1356:Autobahn 1352:Autobahn 1314:Mat Snow 1304:Autobahn 1294:Autobahn 1279:Autobahn 1060:AllMusic 1017:Autobahn 1003:Autobahn 935:Autobahn 926:Autobahn 872:Autobahn 811:Autobahn 785:Autobahn 781:Autobahn 760:Autobahn 752:Autobahn 699:Autobahn 667:autobahn 624:Autobahn 611:Autobahn 571:Autobahn 559:Autobahn 547:Minimoog 518:Autobahn 506:Autobahn 471:Autobahn 449:Autobahn 384:Autobahn 357:Autobahn 346:Autobahn 293:Autobahn 263:Autobahn 194:Autobahn 151:Producer 130:Language 51:Released 41: by 24:Autobahn 4951:Artists 4911:Related 4798:Singles 4706:The Mix 4506:Discogs 4253:Newsday 3576:Sources 3454:Select 2108:60,000 2105:Silver 2078:/sales 2069:Region 1773:Credits 1528:stated 1474:stated 1456:Synergy 1425:Clannad 1029:Newsday 984:critic 861:Cardiff 798:Chicago 747:Release 687:Münster 679:Bottrop 671:Hamburg 640:  565:and at 551:Farfisa 538:'s and 422:Newsday 369:Chicago 246:Singles 207:(1975) 198:(1974) 189:(1973) 144:Philips 79:Cologne 4790:(2009) 4782:(1997) 4763:(1975) 4744:(2017) 4736:(2005) 4717:(2003) 4709:(1991) 4701:(1986) 4693:(1981) 4685:(1978) 4677:(1977) 4669:(1975) 4661:(1974) 4653:(1973) 4645:(1972) 4637:(1970) 4384:  4362:  4345:  4321:  4298:  4239:  4198:9 July 3835:  3790:  3760:  3732:  3672:  3653:  3601:Sounds 3464:  3296:  3181:  2172: 1871:Charts 1696:Length 1607:Length 1594:Side B 1570:Length 1557:Side A 1496:" for 1485:Deluxe 1372:Legacy 1054:Rating 1051:Source 931:Sounds 906:Rating 903:Source 373:'s 133:German 114:Length 59:Studio 3958:Uncut 3933:Uncut 3888:Uncut 3815:. 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Index


Studio album
Kraftwerk
Kling Klang
Düsseldorf
Conny
Cologne
Genre
Electronic pop
electroacoustic
kosmische
Label
Philips
Producer
Florian Schneider
Ralf Hütter
Kraftwerk
Ralf and Florian
Exceller 8

Singles
Autobahn
electronic music
Kraftwerk
Philips Records
Florian Schneider
Ralf Hütter
Klaus Röder
Wolfgang Flür
krautrock

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