1409:
1580:
Autumn" period. In the six years following 1969 there was a massive redistribution of income, and the share of GNP accruing to dependent labor went from 57 to 73 percent. Redistributing that income led to increased consumption and reduced savings and this was a problem already in debt. The "Hot Autumn" protests started at the university, but their transition to the industrial stage pointed out the weak governance of the first republic, for economic policies were ineffective and sparked many of the frustrations of the blue-collar working class.
52:
1423:
1023:
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which included strikes, demonstrations, and occupation of university buildings. Students formed assemblies where it was a not only a mass meeting, but a body which made binding decisions. This student movement eventually shifted from university issues and moved toward industrial struggles. Examples of the shift to industrial struggles can be seen through the protests that occurred in the car factories of Turin in 1969.
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had been in office for 20 years. During the latter stages of that time period, there was an overall degeneration, as people looked to vote for politicians who could give them favors, as the party could not be voted out. This overall clientelism within the
Italian government led to both corruption and
1579:
By the 1970s and 1980s, it can be seen that the CISL was a bureaucratic and politicized organization. It was tied to factions of the
Christian Democratic Party, where the passing of favors was how the Italian government was run. Economic problems also surrounded the formation and fallout of the "Hot
1519:
The period known as the "Hot Autumn" in Italy began in the summer of 1968, which saw a series of strikes as workers demanded a flat-rate pay rise. The unrest that lasted from 1966 to 1972 began in the universities. These student movements set a precedent with their use of disruptive forms of protest
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within the company. The protests were also a scene of major violence as some protests drew the hostility of the police. A strike against high rents outside the factory gates in Corso
Traiano was attacked by the police and incidents like this led to a running battle with the police.
1504:
press to describe other periods marked by significant strikes, although in later decades, such seasonal strikes have more often been directed against government's budget plans, which are usually planned and publicly debated during the autumn months.
1493:. They were generally unhappy at the society that had forced them to leave their homes in search of work, and wanted to get back at the employers who, in their view, had been exploiting them with lower than average wages for so many years.
1488:
The reasons for discontent varied - while the usual demands for better pay and working conditions were a factor, the tensions were also increased by the fact that much of the workforce had migrated from the much poorer
1549:
or from parties to activist networks. The period of the "Hot Autumn" was an attack on the established power relations in Italy and it was very explosive. The "Hot Autumn" was followed by the "
1477:. Workers joined in on these protests and began to demand increased wages. Many of them were being laid off because of increased efficiencies in factories. Not all of the workers' demands for
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2100:
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1449:, in which workers demanded better pay and better conditions. During 1969 and 1970 there were over 440 hours of strikes in the region. The decrease in the flow of labour
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1576:, or CISL). The CISL was based on two principles, which were the importance of firm-level union activity, and the professionalization of union activists.
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2013:
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Due to increased literacy levels in general and especially among workers, following a wave of student protests influenced by similar events in
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levels in the northern part of the country, meaning that the workforce there now had the leverage to start exercising its influence.
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ineffective governance. The issues of the "Hot Autumn" can also be tied to the
Confederazione Italiana dei Sindacati Lavoratori (
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1527:. Workers were supported by university students of the New Left, and demanded wage increases and the same conditions as
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1553:", which was a period of far-right and far-left violence including bombings, shootings and kidnappings.
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2018:
1753:"'I Terroni in CittĂ ': Revisiting Southern Migrants' Militancy in Turin's 'Hot Autumn'"
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The Hot Autumn occurred at a time of major weakness within the
Italian government. The
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1964:“Hot Autumn” Italy’s Factory Councils and Autonomous Workers’ Assemblies, 1970s
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1878:
Locke, Richard (1995). "Building a "Mature" System of
Industrial Relations".
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Turin was the center of FIAT factories, and became the focus of continual
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1936:
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These protests were also influenced by the PCI, and often changed from
1007:
1473:, leftist students started agitating for social reforms and increased
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1928:
481:
1968:
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43:
1713:
More Work! Less Pay!: Rebellion and repression in Italy, 1972–77
1694:
A History of
Contemporary Italy: Society and Politics, 1943–1988
1972:
1851:
Jenkins, Charles (1995). "Ready for a New
Republic in Italy?".
1067:
1959:
Italy 60s-70s collection at the
Libertarian Communist Library
2101:
Opposition to United States involvement in the
Vietnam War
1621:
Similar periods in other countries around the same time:
759:
Communist Party of Italy (Marxist–Leninist) Red Line
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2143:
2006:
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1441:) of 1969–70 is a term used for a series of large
1820:Voices of 1968: Documents from the Global North
1615:Autobiography of a generation, Luisa Passerini
1574:Italian Confederation of Workers' Trade Unions
1984:
1481:came about, but more basic demands such as a
1079:
1045:
8:
2300:Third World Liberation Front strikes of 1968
2151:1968 Democratic National Convention protests
1813:
1811:
1445:in the factories and industrial centers of
754:Communist Party of Italy (Marxist–Leninist)
1991:
1977:
1969:
1106:
1086:
1072:
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1052:
1038:
26:
2175:1968 student demonstrations in Yugoslavia
2081:Human rights movement in the Soviet Union
1822:. London: Pluto Press. pp. 204–226.
1706:
1704:
1702:
2260:Occupation of the Student Union Building
1915:Carli, Guido (1976). "Italy's Malaise".
1746:
1744:
1686:
691:Italian General Confederation of Labour
38:
2413:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
2096:Northern Ireland civil rights movement
7:
2215:Columbia University protests of 1968
2205:Ceaușescu's speech of 21 August 1968
2014:1968–69 Japanese university protests
1307:Kidnapping and murder of Aldo Moro
1153:Defenestration of Giuseppe Pinelli
25:
2240:March of the One Hundred Thousand
1485:and increased pay were achieved.
1221:Milan police headquarters bombing
2134:
1654:AuĂźerparlamentarische Opposition
1650:in 1978–79 in the United Kingdom
1021:
796:Movement of Unitarian Communists
739:Armed Proletarians for Communism
716:Unified Communist Party of Italy
362:Portella della Ginestra massacre
50:
2469:1970 labor disputes and strikes
2464:1969 labor disputes and strikes
2398:Segregation in Northern Ireland
1563:History of the Italian Republic
749:Communist Party of Italy (2014)
392:Assassination of Sergio Ramelli
1954:Italy Hot Autumn Photo Gallery
1500:has since been applied in the
696:Italian Marxist–Leninist Party
686:Italian Communist Party (2016)
1:
2185:1968 Red Square demonstration
1760:Contemporary European History
1361:Kidnapping of James L. Dozier
2165:1968 Polish political crisis
2121:West German student movement
2046:Black Consciousness Movement
1880:Remaking the Italian Economy
664:Communist Refoundation Party
604:Proletarian internationalism
2371:Racism in the United States
2336:Counterculture of the 1960s
2157:The whole world is watching
2126:Women's liberation movement
1717:Manchester University Press
1569:Christian Democracy (Italy)
1279:Murder of Vittorio Occorsio
1237:Piazza della Loggia bombing
811:Party of Italian Communists
806:Party of the Christian Left
649:Communist Alternative Party
357:Third De Gasperi government
2495:
1751:Pizzolato, Nicola (2012).
1560:
1512:
1317:Murder of Antonio Esposito
1312:Killing of Fausto and Iaio
1143:Murder of Antonio Annaruma
711:Trotskyist League of Italy
2250:Memphis sanitation strike
2132:
2031:1968 movement in Pakistan
1818:Mohandesi, Salar (2018).
1772:10.1017/S0960777312000409
1640:May 1968 events in France
1190:Murder of Luigi Calabresi
1105:
462:Italian road to socialism
2230:King assassination riots
2190:1968 uprising in Senegal
2086:Mexican Movement of 1968
1884:Cornell University Press
1715:. Manchester; New York:
1263:Murder of Mikis Mantakas
1258:Murder of Sergio Ramelli
1242:Italicus Express bombing
823:Popular Democratic Front
721:Workers' Communist Party
352:Red Republic of Caulonia
325:XVII Congress of the PSI
2439:Labor disputes in Italy
1658:German student movement
1628:long hot summer of 1967
1457:had resulted in nearly
833:Proletarian Unity Party
774:Italian Communist Party
330:I Congress of the PCd'I
197:Giangiacomo Feltrinelli
2356:Antisemitism in Poland
2265:Poor People's Campaign
2200:Battle of Valle Giulia
2170:1968 protests in Egypt
2056:Black Power Revolution
2026:1968 movement in Italy
1711:Edwards, Phil (2009).
1515:1968 movement in Italy
1438:
1426:
1419:
1412:
1302:Acca Larentia killings
1148:Piazza Fontana bombing
1117:Battle of Valle Giulia
786:The Left – The Rainbow
2454:Years of Lead (Italy)
2434:20th century in Italy
2386:Years of Lead (Italy)
2041:Anti-nuclear movement
2036:Civil Rights Movement
1902:10.7591/j.ctv5rf53c.6
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1418:
1411:
1340:Murder of Mario Amato
1097:Years of Lead (Italy)
828:Proletarian Democracy
733:Defunct organisations
701:Network of Communists
633:Current organisations
2381:Second-wave feminism
2321:1968 Summer Olympics
2255:Miss America protest
2091:Movement of 22 March
2051:Black power movement
1648:Winter of Discontent
1630:in the United States
1529:white-collar workers
1028:Communism portal
966:Democratic socialism
372:Manifesto of the 101
117:Giuseppe Di Vittorio
2305:Tlatelolco massacre
2220:Delano grape strike
2210:Central Park be-ins
2066:Cultural Revolution
1886:. pp. 68–102.
1475:class consciousness
961:Christian socialism
898:Quaderni piacentini
639:Anticapitalist Left
447:Christian communism
432:Anarchist communism
414:Historic Compromise
402:Mitterrand doctrine
172:Pier Paolo Pasolini
137:Galvano Della Volpe
2479:Communism in Italy
2245:May 1968 in France
2225:East L.A. walkouts
2106:Red Power movement
1479:collective control
1471:May 1968 in France
1427:
1420:
1413:
1393:Terrorism in Italy
1003:Socialism in Italy
986:Italian neorealism
941:Anarchism in Italy
676:Communist Struggle
599:Passive revolution
594:Organic centralism
347:Italian Resistance
342:Aventine Secession
337:Proština rebellion
282:Oliviero Diliberto
192:Giorgio Napolitano
82:Costantino Lazzari
2474:Politics of Italy
2459:Protests in Italy
2421:
2420:
2376:School discipline
2295:Takeover of Vanha
2111:Sexual revolution
1719:. pp. 5–31.
1483:40-hour work week
1405:
1404:
1401:
1400:
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1061:
991:Politics of Italy
744:Autonomia Operaia
572:Cultural hegemony
452:Council communism
257:Ernesto Screpanti
232:Fausto Bertinotti
177:Enrico Berlinguer
122:Palmiro Togliatti
112:Bruno Fortichiari
16:(Redirected from
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2403:Student activism
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2061:Chicano Movement
2000:Protests of 1968
1993:
1986:
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1941:
1940:
1929:10.2307/20039608
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1790:. Archived from
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1739:
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1708:
1697:
1696:by Paul Ginsborg
1691:
1668:Red Army Faction
1634:Protests of 1968
1377:Salerno shooting
1345:Bologna massacre
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1195:Peteano massacre
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997:Prison Notebooks
981:History of Italy
976:Fischia il vento
801:October 22 Group
557:Anti-imperialism
547:Anti-clericalism
504:Neo-Gramscianism
494:Marxist humanism
477:Marxism–Leninism
409:Movement of 1977
252:Margherita Cagol
242:Domenico Losurdo
227:Achille Occhetto
217:Giovanni Scuderi
202:Armando Cossutta
162:Raniero Panzieri
152:Alessandro Natta
147:Altiero Spinelli
77:Errico Malatesta
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2180:1968 Miami riot
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1997:
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1917:Foreign Affairs
1914:
1913:
1909:
1894:
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1872:
1859:(12): 238–242.
1853:The World Today
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1948:External links
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1923:(4): 708–718.
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793:
791:Lotta Continua
788:
783:
782:
781:
771:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
735:
732:
731:
728:
727:
724:
723:
718:
713:
708:
706:People's Union
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
681:Countercurrent
678:
673:
672:
671:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
635:
632:
631:
628:
627:
624:
623:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
584:Euroscepticism
581:
580:
579:
569:
567:Class conflict
564:
562:Antimilitarism
559:
554:
549:
543:
540:
539:
536:
535:
532:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
490:
489:
484:
474:
469:
467:Left communism
464:
459:
454:
449:
444:
439:
434:
428:
425:
424:
421:
420:
417:
416:
411:
406:
405:
404:
399:
394:
389:
384:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
333:
332:
322:
317:
311:
308:
307:
304:
303:
300:
299:
294:
289:
284:
279:
274:
272:Marco Ferrando
269:
264:
262:Franco Berardi
259:
254:
249:
244:
239:
234:
229:
224:
222:Gianni Vattimo
219:
214:
209:
204:
199:
194:
189:
187:Lucio Colletti
184:
179:
174:
169:
164:
159:
154:
149:
144:
139:
134:
129:
127:Ruggero Grieco
124:
119:
114:
109:
104:
102:Amadeo Bordiga
99:
94:
92:Egidio Gennari
89:
87:Luigi Galleani
84:
79:
74:
69:
67:Emilio Covelli
63:
60:
59:
56:
55:
47:
46:
36:
35:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2491:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2449:1970 in Italy
2447:
2445:
2444:1969 in Italy
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2312:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2290:Silence March
2288:
2286:
2285:Shinjuku riot
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2270:Prague Spring
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2235:Mafeje affair
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2158:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2137:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1994:
1989:
1987:
1982:
1980:
1975:
1974:
1971:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1951:
1947:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1911:
1908:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1893:9780801428913
1889:
1885:
1881:
1874:
1871:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1847:
1844:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1829:9780745338088
1825:
1821:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1797:on 2022-03-28
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1754:
1747:
1745:
1741:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1726:9780719078736
1722:
1718:
1714:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1690:
1687:
1680:
1674:
1673:German Autumn
1671:
1669:
1665:
1664:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1636:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1622:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1590:Years of Lead
1588:
1587:
1583:
1581:
1577:
1575:
1570:
1564:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1551:Years of Lead
1548:
1547:
1542:
1538:
1533:
1530:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1499:
1498:autunno caldo
1494:
1492:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1439:Autunno caldo
1436:
1432:
1424:
1417:
1410:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1388:
1384:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1352:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1323:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1293:
1285:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1207:
1201:
1200:1972 bombings
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1185:
1181:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1169:Reggio revolt
1167:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1129:
1123:
1122:1968 movement
1120:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1099:
1089:
1084:
1082:
1077:
1075:
1070:
1069:
1066:
1055:
1050:
1048:
1043:
1041:
1036:
1035:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1019:
1018:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1004:
1001:
999:
998:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
938:
932:
931:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
865:
859:
858:
851:
848:
846:
845:
844:Volante Rossa
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
817:
814:
813:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
780:
777:
776:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
764:Critical Left
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
736:
730:
729:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
670:
667:
666:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
636:
630:
629:
622:
621:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
578:
575:
574:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
544:
538:
537:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
488:
485:
483:
480:
479:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
457:Eurocommunism
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
433:
430:
429:
423:
422:
415:
412:
410:
407:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
379:
378:
377:Years of Lead
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
331:
328:
327:
326:
323:
321:
320:Biennio Rosso
318:
316:
313:
312:
306:
305:
298:
295:
293:
292:Paolo Ferrero
290:
288:
287:Nichi Vendola
285:
283:
280:
278:
275:
273:
270:
268:
265:
263:
260:
258:
255:
253:
250:
248:
245:
243:
240:
238:
237:Renato Curcio
235:
233:
230:
228:
225:
223:
220:
218:
215:
213:
212:Antonio Negri
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
193:
190:
188:
185:
183:
180:
178:
175:
173:
170:
168:
165:
163:
160:
158:
155:
153:
150:
148:
145:
143:
140:
138:
135:
133:
132:Onorato Damen
130:
128:
125:
123:
120:
118:
115:
113:
110:
108:
105:
103:
100:
98:
95:
93:
90:
88:
85:
83:
80:
78:
75:
73:
72:Carlo Cafiero
70:
68:
65:
64:
58:
57:
53:
49:
48:
45:
41:
37:
33:
29:
28:
19:
18:Autunno caldo
2360:
2341:Flower power
2280:Rodney riots
2195:BĂĄstad riots
2116:The Troubles
1920:
1916:
1910:
1879:
1873:
1856:
1852:
1846:
1819:
1799:. Retrieved
1792:the original
1763:
1759:
1712:
1693:
1689:
1662:West Germany
1620:
1619:
1578:
1566:
1544:
1534:
1522:
1518:
1497:
1495:
1487:
1468:
1430:
1428:
1137:
995:
873:il manifesto
842:
838:Red Brigades
618:
552:Anti-fascism
514:Post-Marxism
381:
207:Mario Tronti
182:Livio Maitan
167:Luciano Lama
2408:Vietnam War
2331:Black power
1496:The phrase
1320: [
1282: [
883:Il Pioniere
868:Liberazione
509:Neo-Marxism
499:Migliorismo
267:Paolo Virno
157:Nilde Iotti
142:Luigi Longo
2428:Categories
2361:Hot Autumn
1882:. London:
1801:2019-08-20
1681:References
1600:Autonomism
1541:autonomist
1431:Hot Autumn
1138:Hot Autumn
951:Bella ciao
769:Front Line
644:CARC Party
620:Subalterns
614:Solidarity
609:Secularism
541:Principles
519:Trotskyism
437:Autonomism
426:Ideologies
382:Hot Autumn
2346:Free love
2007:Movements
1666:see also
1595:Workerism
1546:operaista
1451:migration
923:Vie Nuove
908:Rinascita
878:Pattuglia
529:Workerism
487:Stalinism
442:Bordigism
397:Moro case
40:Communism
2366:New Left
2019:ZenkyĹŤtĹŤ
1937:20039608
1865:40396673
1780:23270688
1584:See also
1537:Leninist
1465:Overview
893:La Plebe
589:Feminism
472:Leninism
32:a series
30:Part of
2391:Morocco
2314:Related
1788:3858924
1557:Context
1509:Origins
1502:Italian
1443:strikes
1435:Italian
1386:Related
1008:Craxism
918:l'UnitĂ
913:SocietĂ
309:History
2351:Hippie
2144:Events
1935:
1900:
1890:
1863:
1836:
1826:
1786:
1778:
1733:
1723:
482:Maoism
61:People
1933:JSTOR
1898:JSTOR
1861:JSTOR
1834:JSTOR
1795:(PDF)
1784:S2CID
1776:JSTOR
1756:(PDF)
1731:JSTOR
1491:South
1453:from
1324:]
1286:]
862:Media
44:Italy
1888:ISBN
1824:ISBN
1721:ISBN
1656:and
1646:The
1638:The
1626:The
1543:and
1429:The
1370:1982
1354:1981
1333:1980
1295:1978
1272:1976
1251:1975
1230:1974
1209:1973
1183:1972
1162:1970
1131:1969
1110:1968
816:FGCI
779:FGCI
1925:doi
1768:doi
1660:in
1539:to
42:in
2430::
1931:.
1921:54
1919:.
1896:.
1857:51
1855:.
1832:.
1810:^
1782:.
1774:.
1764:21
1762:.
1758:.
1743:^
1729:.
1701:^
1437::
1322:it
1284:it
669:GC
34:on
2159:"
2155:"
1992:e
1985:t
1978:v
1939:.
1927::
1904:.
1867:.
1840:.
1804:.
1770::
1737:.
1433:(
1087:e
1080:t
1073:v
1053:e
1046:t
1039:v
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
