338:, who intones the passage. In this transcription the opportunity is afforded by the repetition of the melody to present both the chief forms of ornamental development, the first being rather German, the other rather Polish, in tradition. The cantor commences calmly to intone the words of the Mishnah in the major mode, but when describing the mystic solemnity of the scene in the Temple court, he breaks away into the strenuousness of the
19:
406:
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234:
began to compose more original texts, in which most of the service is described in original poetic language rather than the
Mishnah's language, and the entire passage is prefaced with an introduction recounting biblical history from creation, to the choice of Levi, to the choice of the High Priest to
162:
During the recitation of the Avodah, Jews "imagine themselves in place of the priests when the Temple stood". As such, the custom is for worshippers to bow down on the ground at specific points in the recitation, and to recite the confessions along with the prayer leader. Some individuals have other
317:("Thus did he count")—where Aaron counts the sprinklings on the altar—are chanted responsively, each phrase by cantor and congregation in rotation. Compositions of the modern masters have largely taken the place of the old plain-song chant, itself mainly a rising modulation and then a falling tone.
281:
all of Israel's longing for rest and liberty; and at times they would approach to the expression of sublimest emotion. Whenever the contrast between the servitude they knew and the glory they read of was more than usually keen, a particular intensity was lent to the
Atonement liturgy; and there
186:
Then follows the declaration "Happy is the eye which saw all this. When the ear hears it, is our soul not aggrieved?" A series of prayers lamenting the destruction of the Temple, the exile, and the distancing from God are then recited. The service closes with ardent prayers for
150:
is described in detail: the preparation of the High Priest during seven days preceding the festival, the appointment of a substitute to meet the emergency of the High Priest's becoming disqualified, the preparation of the holy vessels, the offering of the regular morning
276:
not merely to lead the liturgical song of the congregation, but rather, by his singing, to interpret and elucidate the liturgy to the congregation. Even in medieval times the cantors were inspired by a subconscious sentiment of this kind, to voice in the
63:, and is often considered one of the most solemn and impressive portions of the Yom Kippur prayer service. Different poems (all sharing the same structure) are recited in different communities, for example
246:
period the recitation was considered obligatory, and since then it has remained a part of the standard prayer service. In many communities it was recited not only in Mussaf, but also in the
126:
It suggests that the performance of the Yom Kippur Temple service is of cosmic importance, similar in importance to the creation of the world, or else the purpose of that creation.
346:. He attempts a return to the calmness of the original key, but the thoughts conjured up by the words again overwhelm his intention, and drive him on to an ecstatic climax.
282:
developed, probably before the modern period, a rhapsody replete with inarticulate vocalization. These main lines remained distinct under the growth of improvised cadences.
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poem, a glowing description of the splendor of the High Priest upon finishing his Temple service. This poem strongly resembles the description of the High Priest in the
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period; others suggest that the custom of synagogue recitation evolved later, but that it is based on the High Priest's recitation of
Leviticus 16 in the Temple.
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519:
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are divided off into sections of irregular length at the six points where a quotation from the
Scripture or the Talmud occurs. The quotations
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677:
112:, in which the priestly Temple service was accompanied by an assembly of ordinary Jews who would gather and recite the creation story of
262:, it is recited after Mussaf, as reciting it during Mussaf was considered an unacceptable interruption to the standard prayer text.
258:. In some communities, this practice lasted until the 14th century, but nowadays the recitation is only performed during Mussaf. In
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customs, such as hand gestures to mime the sprinkling of blood (one sprinkling upwards and seven downwards per set of eight).
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It recalls the structure of Jewish prayer, in which requests are often prefaced by appeals to history, specifically to the
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1298:
652:
203:. Modern scholars suggest that it may date earlier: according to some, such a recitation was already customary in the
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was pronounced, reverses this order. It is first uttered by the congregation (usually led by some individual), who
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usually begins with a prayer for the synagogue reader, followed by a selective review of the
Biblical history from
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222:, the oldest surviving Avodah text, which follows the Mishnah text while occasionally adding material from the
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The recitation on Yom Kippur of a detailed description of the Temple service is already mentioned in the
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The prayer of the High Priest after the completion of the service is then recited. Next is the
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104:. A number of reasons have been suggested for the addition of this historical introduction:
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155:, the baths and ablutions of the High Priest, his different changes of garments, and the
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Kasirer
Edition Yom Kippur Machzor With Commentary Adapted from the Teachings of Rabbi
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themselves when reciting the words describing that action. Then comes the turn of the
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is notable for beginning with the giving of the Torah, rather than with creation.
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perform the service. The first such text, and the model for all later ones, was
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In the time of the Talmud, the recitation was probably based on the text of
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Haavodah leyom hakippurim: ofyah, toldoteha, vehitpatchuta beshirah haivrit
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Haavodah leyom hakippurim: ofyah, toldoteha, vehitpatchuta beshirah haivrit
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409: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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239:, which is recited to this day among Sephardic and other congregations.
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495:. New York: K'hal Publishing, 2006. pp. 588–589 (summary); 590–618.
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592:, Mincha for Yom Kippur (see Goldschmidt, p.169 (section 125));
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429:. Vol. 1. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. p. 76–79.
400:. Vol. 1. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. p. 75–76.
526:, p.155-158, who suggests that certain scrolls found at
230:. Nevertheless, from an early period the poets of the
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596:(Hilchot Rosh Hashanah Veyom Hakippurim 63); Seder
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270:Among the northern Jews it was the function of the
183:), and apparently was influenced by that passage.
51:'service') is a poetic description of the
1457: Only on Shabbat and holidays, according to
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577:Minhagei tefilah upiyut bekehilot yisrael
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678:List of Jewish prayers and blessings
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446:(Hebrew University, 5734), p.119-122
320:But the Talmudic passage commencing
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303:("Thus did he say")—containing the
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530:were the text of such a recitation
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480:Arnold Lustiger, Michael Taubes,
388:"'Abodah of the Day of Atonement"
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218:. One example of such a text is
55:. It is recited as part of the
1454: On Mondays and Thursdays
1350:Prayer for the State of Israel
254:prayers, and in a few even in
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524:Perakim betoldot bayit sheni
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630:מנהגים ודינים ליהודי תימן
415:Cohen, Francis L. (1901).
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579:, p.102 (Frankel edition)
311:, then of all Israel—and
148:Yom Kippur Temple service
53:Yom Kippur Temple service
812:Atah Hu Adonai L'Vadecha
614:Aaron ben Jacob ha-Kohen
340:Oriental chromatic scale
1500:Jewish liturgical poems
426:The Jewish Encyclopedia
397:The Jewish Encyclopedia
386:Landsberg, Max (1901).
295:Meshullam ben Kalonymus
191:of the Temple service.
88:Historical introduction
1218:Yom Tov Torah readings
738:Mizmor Shir (Psalm 30)
602:Hilchot Yom Hakippurim
561:Machzor leyamim noraim
492:Joseph B. Soloveitchik
423:; et al. (eds.).
394:; et al. (eds.).
356:Interpretation of the
342:at the thought of the
260:Yemenite Jewish custom
27:
1040:Baruch HaShem Le'Olam
802:Baruch HaShem Le'Olam
748:Songs of thanksgiving
455:Mishnah, Taanit 4:1-3
21:
618:Seder Yom Hakippurim
559:Daniel Goldschmidt,
189:the re-establishment
1425:HaAderet v'HaEmunah
417:"'Abodah, Music of"
1467: On fast days
1380:Al Netilat Yadayim
1267:Seasonal additions
167:Additional prayers
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1395:El Malei Rachamim
1309:Yom Kippur Avodah
1065:Mourner's Kaddish
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486:Hershel Schachter
305:confession of sin
134:text composed by
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350:External links
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328:Tetragrammaton
293:the verses of
291:Polish rituals
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232:Land of Israel
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177:Book of Sirach
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142:Temple service
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136:Moses ibn Ezra
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1253:Anim Zemirot
1228:Yekum Purkan
1088:Yedid Nefesh
1055:Full Kaddish
1045:Half Kaddish
853:Ahava rabbah
838:Half Kaddish
831:Core prayers
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598:Saadiah Gaon
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573:Leopold Zunz
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314:וכן היה מונה
300:וכן היה אומר
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31:
29:
23:
15:
1329:Al HaNissim
1133:Ana BeKoach
1035:Hashkiveinu
1020:Ahavat Olam
916:Uva letzion
720:Ana BeKoach
698:Preparation
469:Orach Chaim
173:Mareh Kohen
75:among most
67:among most
65:Amitz Koach
59:service of
1490:Yom Kippur
1484:Categories
1258:Tzidkatcha
1138:Lekha Dodi
889:Conclusion
848:Yotzer ohr
822:Yishtabach
760:Yehi kevod
590:Amram Gaon
370:References
121:Patriarchs
61:Yom Kippur
1448: On
1442: On
1370:Adon Olam
1360:Modeh Ani
1304:Kol Nidre
1154:Expanded
1081:additions
873:Havineinu
817:Az Yashir
775:Psalm 146
754:Psalm 100
715:Offerings
690:Shacharit
332:prostrate
309:Aaronites
248:Shacharit
214:tractate
181:Sirach 50
157:scapegoat
153:sacrifice
114:Genesis 1
1463:diaspora
1450:holidays
1400:Havdalah
1294:Al Cheyt
1284:Selichot
1274:Psalm 27
1161:Psalm 19
1098:Psalm 95
982:Tachanun
977:Kedushah
911:Psalm 20
896:Tachanun
880:Kedushah
505:Yoma 36b
159:ritual.
110:maamadot
100:down to
42:עֲבוֹדָה
1461:in the
1444:Shabbat
1420:Kiddush
1365:Ma Tovu
1345:Acheinu
1289:Ashamnu
1223:Haftara
1208:Nishmat
1079:Holiday
1075:Shabbat
1010:Barechu
992:Kaddish
931:Kaddish
843:Barechu
563:, p. 18
413::
384::
323:והכהנים
285:In the
242:By the
224:Tosefta
212:Mishnah
195:History
83:Content
49:
26:service
1495:Mussaf
1375:Yigdal
1324:Hallel
1319:Yizkor
1314:Ne'ila
1243:Mussaf
1060:Aleinu
1050:Amidah
1002:Maariv
987:Aleinu
972:Amidah
962:Ashrei
954:Mincha
921:Aleinu
906:Ashrei
868:Amidah
770:Ashrei
765:Hallel
710:Akeida
604:; etc.
588:Seder
528:Qumran
484:, and
287:German
279:Avodah
256:Maariv
252:Mincha
244:gaonic
201:Talmud
132:Avodah
94:Avodah
57:Mussaf
38:Hebrew
33:Avodah
24:Avodah
1025:Shema
858:Shema
471:413:4
419:. In
390:. In
358:Avoda
336:ḥazan
273:ḥazan
266:Music
228:Sifra
102:Aaron
1355:Amen
360:tune
289:and
250:and
226:and
216:Yoma
130:One
98:Adam
92:The
71:and
47:lit.
30:The
1186:136
1181:135
1128:100
795:150
790:149
785:148
780:147
509:56b
465:Taz
362:by
1486::
1201:93
1196:92
1191:33
1176:91
1171:90
1166:34
1148:93
1143:92
1123:28
1118:99
1113:98
1108:97
1103:96
1077:/
620:32
616:,
600:,
575:,
548:^
522:,
507:,
488:,
467:,
79:.
44:,
40::
756:)
752:(
661:e
654:t
647:v
179:(
36:(
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