380:
610:
850:
49:
555:
674:
872:
352:. Following the RAE's recommendations, a larger tailplane was fitted, and the original fin and rudder were replaced by larger vertical surfaces. BOAC added to the delays by requesting more than 340 modifications, and finally rejected the Tudor I on 11 April 1947, considering it unacceptable for North Atlantic operations. It had been intended that 12 Tudors would be built in Australia for military transport, but this plan was abandoned.
521:"The Tudor was built like a battleship. It was noisy, I had no confidence in its engines and its systems were hopeless. The Americans were fifty years ahead of us in systems engineering. All the hydraulics, the air conditioning equipment and the recircling fans were crammed together underneath the floor without any thought. There were fuel-burning heaters that would never work; we had the floorboards up in flight again and again.
578:, with the loss of 20 people, and the Tudor IVs were once more grounded. The subsequent fleet shortage led to BSAA being taken over by BOAC. Pressurisation problems were suspected to be the cause of the two accidents, and the remaining aircraft were flown as unpressurised freighters under the designations Tudor Freighter IV and IVB.
512:
To meet a BSAA requirement, some Tudor Is were lengthened by 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m), powered by 1,770 hp (1,320 kW) Rolls-Royce Merlin 621s and 1,760 hp (1,310 kW) Rolls-Royce Merlin 623s. With 32 seats and no flight engineer position, these were known as Tudor IVs, and
248:
and first flew on 14 June 1945. It was the first
British pressurised civilian aircraft, although the prototype initially flew unpressurised. The prototype Tudor I had 1,750 hp (1,305 kW) Rolls-Royce Merlin 102 engines, but the standard engines were 1,770 hp (1,320 kW) Merlin 621s.
267:
The wing was of NACA 23018 section at the root, and was a five-piece, all-metal, twin-spar structure. The untapered centre section carried the inboard engines and main undercarriage, while the inner and outer sections were tapered on their leading and trailing edges, with the inner sections carrying
240:
who, due to wartime restrictions, could not design a completely new aircraft, but had to use existing parts, tools and jigs. Using the
Lincoln's wing, Chadwick, who had worked on the Lancaster, designed the Tudor to incorporate a new pressurized fuselage of circular cross-section, with a useful load
592:
in late 1953. They were fitted with 6 ft 10 in (2.08 m) by 5 ft 5 in (1.65 m) cargo doors aft by
Aviation Traders and designated Super Traders IV or IVB, receiving their Certificate of Airworthiness in March 1955. These were operated by Air Charter Ltd on long distance
453:
s aeronautical correspondent, said that
British government policy had led to the development of aircraft which were uncompetitive in price, performance and economy. He blamed the Ministry of Supply's planners for this failure, since the industry had effectively been nationalised and argued that the
516:
BSAA's new flagships received mixed reviews from pilots. Some greeted it with enthusiasm, such as
Captain Geoffrey Womersley, who described it as "the best civil airliner flying." Others rejected it as an unsound design. BSAA's chief pilot and manager of operations, Gordon Store, was unimpressed:
307:
noise insulation above floor level. The hydraulically operated main-wheel units were similar to those of the
Lancaster, had single Dunlop wheels and retracted rearward into the inboard engine nacelles. The twin tailwheels retracted rearward into the fuselage and were enclosed by twin longitudinal
371:
The passenger capacity of the Avro 688 was considered unsatisfactory, so a larger version was planned from the outset. Designated the Avro 689 (also Avro XXI), the Tudor II was designed as a 60-seat passenger aircraft for BOAC, with the fuselage lengthened to 105 ft 7 in (32.18 m)
664:
The Tudor VII was the first production Tudor II fitted with
Bristol Hercules air-cooled radial engines in an attempt to give better performance. The sole example built, G-AGRX, made its first flight on 17 April 1946, and was later fitted in June 1948 with shorter landing gear with the engines
536:
on 18 July 1947, and on 29 September, BSAA took delivery of G-AHNK "Star Lion", the first of its six Tudor 4s to be delivered. It departed the next day from
Heathrow on a flight to South America, and on 31 October began flights from London to Havana via Lisbon, the Azores, Bermuda and Nassau.
550:
in the Azores and
Bermuda. Tudors were temporarily grounded and while the cause of the accident was never determined, the type returned to service on 3 December 1948, when a weekly service was begun from London to Buenos Aires via Gander, Bermuda, and other stops, returning via the Azores.
280:
in three sections on each side of the trailing edges of the centre section and inner wings. A 3,300 imp gal (15,000 L; 4,000 US gal) fuel capacity was given by eight bag tanks, one on either side of the fuselage in the centre section and three in both inner wings.
403:. The changes in design had however resulted in a loss of performance and the aircraft could not be used in hot and high conditions which resulted in Qantas ordering the Constellation and South African Airways, the Douglas DC-4 instead, with the total order reduced to 50.
503:
In 1955, G-AIYA and the Tudor I G-AGRG were lengthened to Tudor IV standard. Together with the un-lengthened Tudor I G-AGRI, which had become a 42-seat passenger aircraft, they were used on the Air
Charter Ltd Colonial Coach Services between the UK, Tripoli and Lagos.
406:
During further testing, the prototype was destroyed on 23 August 1947 in a fatal crash on take off from Woodford which killed Roy Chadwick; air accident investigators later discovered that the crash was due to incorrect assembly of the aileron control circuit.
445:
From 1946 on, the potential purchase of US aircraft by operators such as BOAC led to criticism of government policy, because of the damage that could potentially be caused to Britain's civil aircraft industry by a failure to buy the Tudor. L.G.S. Payne,
621:
The Tudor V was a modified version of the stretched Tudor II equipped with 44 seats. BSAA acquired five which never entered passenger service with the airline. They were instead stripped of their fittings and used as fuel tankers on the
375:
At the end of 1944, while it was still in the design stage, BOAC, Qantas and South African Airways decided to standardise on the Tudor II for Commonwealth air routes, and BOAC increased its initial order for 30 examples to 79.
325:, which could both carry more passengers than the Tudor which only carried 12, and also weighed less than the Tudor weight of 70,000 lb (32,000 kg). The Tudor tailwheel layout was also obsolete. Despite this, the
358:
As a result of all the Tudor I delays, BOAC – with the support of the Ministry of Civil Aviation – sought permission to purchase aircraft with known performance and reliability, such as the Lockheed Constellation and the
418:, which did not go into production. Unimpressed by the type's performance during further tropical trials, BOAC did not operate the Tudor II and only three production Tudor IIs were built. Six aircraft were built for
372:
compared to the Tudor I's 79 ft 6 in (24.23 m) and the fuselage increased by 1 ft (0.30 m) to 11 ft (3.4 m) diameter, making it the largest UK airliner at the time.
525:
The Tudor IV's fuel-burning heaters were made by Janitrol and were also used on the US-built passenger aircraft – such as the Lockheed Constellation – as well as later on US-ordered variants of the
4412:
4407:
4417:
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5251:
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4539:
750:
Stretched version of the Tudor 1 (but not the same as the Tudor 2 with the fuselage lengthened by only 6 ft/1.83 m). It could seat up to 32 passengers, 11 built.
640:
In 1953, Lome Airways leased an ex BSAA Tudor 5 from Surrey Flying Services as CF-FCY for freight operations in Canada. It was retired at Stansted and scrapped in 1959.
232:
in place of the predecessor's double ones. During the design stage, the idea of a simple conversion was abandoned and the Avro 688 was designed, which retained the four
4511:
4166:
5564:
5158:
4330:
355:
Twelve Tudor I aircraft were built, of which three were scrapped, while others were variously converted to the Tudor IVB and Tudor Freighter I configurations.
665:
repositioned (inclined) to give better ground clearance. G-AGRX was used for cabin temperature experiments, and was finally sold for spares in March 1954.
363:, for its Atlantic routes instead of the Tudor. Despite BOAC's reluctance to purchase Tudors, the Ministry of Supply continued to subsidize the aircraft.
5278:
4382:
1865:
4441:
4387:
336:
The Tudor I suffered from a number of stability problems, which included longitudinal and directional instability. The problem was handed over to the
4372:
1497:
1471:
1445:
794:
431:
1944:
442:, but these were unsatisfactory and Tudor II orders were reduced to 18. Eventually, only four Tudor IIs were completed including the prototype.
5607:
690:
5622:
5617:
1815:
1706:
1365:
484:
for completion as VIP transports for cabinet ministers. They could accommodate 10 passengers and had nine berths. They were re-registered as
464:
Six aircraft ordered as Tudor IIs were intended to be modified with tricycle landing gear, for use by BSAA as freighters, and designated the
244:
Two prototypes were ordered in September 1944 and the first, G-AGPF, was assembled by Avro's experimental flight department at Manchester's
4377:
894:
713:. The original design was then modified and the type was produced as the Avro 706 Ashton with the first Ashton flying on 1 September 1950.
109:
4504:
4159:
210:
4402:
379:
1859:
626:. They completed a total of 2,562 supply sorties in 6,973 hours, carrying 22,125 tons (20,071 tonnes) of fuel into Berlin.
581:
A Tudor IV was tested at De Havilland's Hatfield Airfield on 1 April 1949 to check "no lift angle" and flown to Heathrow on 8 April.
5438:
5283:
3415:
3265:
1845:
1830:
1800:
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1766:
1751:
1736:
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1689:
1404:
Payne, L.G.S. "Britain's Long-term Policy for Transocean Airliners: The Industry Should Concentrate on New Gas-Turbine Types Now".
5602:
5569:
5448:
5123:
4436:
4348:
744:
Tudor 1 modified by Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft as executive transport aircraft. It could seat up to nine passengers, two built.
5368:
5148:
4833:
4497:
4367:
4152:
1634:
1181:
4,890 mi (4,249 nmi; 7,870 km) at 10,000 ft (3,048 m) (engines delivering 500 hp (373 kW))
934:
900:
689:, The Tudor 8 carried out its first flight at Woodford on 6 September 1948, and a few days later, it was demonstrated at the
546:
On the night of 29–30 January 1948, Tudor IV G-AHNP "Star Tiger", with 31 people on board, disappeared without trace between
419:
105:
609:
1871:
5483:
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4353:
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4316:
972:
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541:
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547:
533:
337:
756:
As Tudor 4 but retained the Tudor 1's flight engineers station. Small number of Tudor 1s were converted into Tudor 4Bs.
705:
Following tests of the Tudor 8, the Ministry of Supply ordered six Tudor 9s, based on the Tudor II but powered by four
264:
with four engines, a single fin and rudder and a retractable tailwheel undercarriage (in its original configurations).
5468:
5408:
5403:
5008:
4988:
1937:
321:
The Tudor I was intended for use on the North Atlantic route. At the time, the United States had the Douglas DC-4 and
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4793:
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944:
930:
571:
5423:
5388:
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4743:
198:
910:
633:, which had been returned to passenger service with Airflight Ltd, on a charter flight from Ireland, crashed at
4520:
4457:
649:
284:
The all-metal tail unit had a dorsal fin integrated with the fuselage, and a 43 ft (13 m) twin-spar
48:
193:, and was Britain's first pressurised airliner. Customers saw the aircraft as little more than a pressurised
5303:
5133:
4918:
4728:
4708:
4658:
4601:
4581:
1696:
905:
614:
388:
224:
Avro first proposed to build the Avro 687 (Avro XX), which was a Lincoln bomber with a new circular section
54:
4489:
776:
Ordered by the Argentinian airline FAMA, but the order was cancelled. None of the airframes were completed.
5597:
5503:
5383:
5313:
5236:
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4928:
4883:
4853:
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1930:
1072:
961:
of William Dempster Limited was damaged beyond repair landing at Bovingdon, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom.
554:
322:
78:
1501:
1475:
1449:
468:. They were not built, but a parallel design using the same landing gear was produced as the jet-powered
5508:
5493:
5171:
5128:
4968:
4913:
4903:
4843:
4758:
1912:
1902:
1892:
1880:
817:
Re-engined version, fitted with four 1,760 hp (1,312 kW) Rolls-Royce Merlin 23 piston engines.
5088:
454:
government should pursue the development of jet aircraft instead of "interim types" such as the Tudor.
5473:
5433:
5413:
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1306:
884:
589:
559:
481:
458:
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384:
341:
289:
922:
23 August 1947 – Tudor 2 prototype G-AGSU crashed on takeoff from Woodford, killing Avro designer
862:
5538:
5318:
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2835:
2466:
2441:
2411:
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799:
763:
682:
585:
563:
429:
The third of the pre-production Tudor 2s, initially G-AGRZ, was used for pressurisation tests as
400:
349:
326:
233:
218:
673:
532:
The first example, G-AHNJ "Star Panther", first flew on 9 April 1947. The Tudor IV received its
1552:
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2595:
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1811:
1796:
1778:
1762:
1747:
1732:
1717:
1702:
1685:
1630:
1361:
681:
The second prototype Tudor I was rebuilt to Tudor IV standards. It was later fitted with four
575:
837:
Proposed freighter development of the Tudor 2 fitted with a tricycle landing gear; not built.
5518:
5458:
5453:
5398:
5348:
5298:
5293:
5231:
5186:
5103:
5023:
4943:
4938:
4838:
4753:
4668:
4235:
4124:
3823:
3697:
2790:
2516:
2286:
2281:
1992:
1875:
1289:
783:
706:
653:
594:
526:
493:
411:
5523:
5478:
5268:
5196:
5143:
5098:
5083:
4828:
4803:
4748:
4703:
4683:
4648:
4606:
4571:
4219:
4193:
4129:
4119:
4048:
4008:
3982:
3926:
3843:
3195:
3180:
3165:
2526:
2491:
2471:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2176:
2156:
1997:
1987:
1611:
304:
277:
245:
197:, and few orders were forthcoming, important customers preferring to buy US aircraft. The
1128:
242 mph (389 km/h, 210 kn) at 66,000 lb (29,937 kg) at sea level
1100:
290 mph (470 km/h, 250 kn) at 66,000 lb (29,937 kg) at sea level
5323:
5211:
5201:
5166:
5058:
5033:
4973:
4698:
4653:
4478:
4198:
4178:
4114:
3828:
3581:
2985:
2890:
2496:
2451:
2416:
1982:
877:
828:
623:
187:
17:
5591:
5528:
5176:
5078:
4888:
4873:
4868:
4848:
4733:
4109:
3977:
3848:
3813:
2341:
2131:
1977:
710:
694:
221:, which issued specifications for nine types of commercial aircraft for postwar use.
172:
1651:
438:
The second Tudor II to be completed, G-AGRY, went to Nairobi for tropical trials as
5378:
5328:
5216:
5113:
5108:
5048:
5013:
4863:
4858:
4818:
4813:
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4778:
4773:
4723:
4713:
4693:
4688:
4462:
4289:
4245:
4203:
3967:
3833:
3818:
3742:
3722:
3712:
3702:
3692:
3662:
3647:
3185:
3160:
3100:
3080:
2875:
2870:
2815:
2745:
2710:
2700:
2521:
2396:
2376:
2371:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2256:
2241:
1284:
1075:
V-12 liquid-cooled piston engines, 1,770 hp (1,320 kW) each for take-off
1050:
1043:
923:
461:
which they renamed C-4 Argonauts, and used them extensively between 1949 and 1960.
237:
214:
194:
190:
183:
149:
94:
4144:
5073:
4983:
4738:
4638:
4628:
4566:
4265:
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4094:
3972:
3858:
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3440:
3210:
3190:
3120:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2486:
2481:
2381:
2356:
2316:
2033:
2028:
2013:
1294:
809:
634:
469:
213:
for a commercial adaptation of the Lancaster IV bomber, which was later renamed
159:
1607:
241:
of 3,765 lb (1,705 kg) and a range of 3,975 mi (6,400 km).
5363:
4823:
4643:
4596:
4576:
4551:
4099:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4033:
3921:
3911:
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2346:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2236:
766:
621 piston engines, six built. One aircraft crashed in 1950 killing 80 in the
722:
677:
Avro Tudor 8 fitted with Nene jet engines at RAE Farnborough in September 1950
345:
292:. The control surfaces were mass-balanced, and each had controllable trim and
258:
31:
954:
of Airflight Limited crashed on approach, Llandow, Glamorgan, United Kingdom.
5488:
5353:
5118:
5018:
4953:
4240:
4058:
4053:
4043:
4038:
4028:
3762:
3070:
2735:
2670:
2501:
2261:
2231:
2191:
2166:
889:
693:
Show at Farnborough. Later, the Tudor 8 was used for high-altitude tests at
300:
293:
285:
261:
513:
when fitted with a flight engineer's position and 28 seats, as Tudor IVBs.
457:
BOAC cancelled its order for Tudors in 1947, instead taking delivery of 22
1142:
300 mph (261 kn; 483 km/h) at 22,500 ft (6,858 m)
1139:
283 mph (246 kn; 455 km/h) at 12,000 ft (3,658 m)
1114:
346 mph (301 kn; 557 km/h) at 20,000 ft (6,096 m)
637:, South Wales, with the resulting death of 80 of its passengers and crew.
4561:
4089:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4003:
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2146:
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2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2038:
2023:
2018:
1111:
320 mph (278 kn; 515 km/h) at 8,000 ft (2,438 m)
273:
175:
71:
4893:
1035:
269:
947:
of British South American Airways disappeared in the western Atlantic.
855:
229:
1341:
1167:
4,100 mi (3,563 nmi; 6,598 km) with maximum payload
1082:
672:
608:
553:
378:
968:
of Air Charter destroyed by fire on takeoff from Brindisi, Italy.
732:
Production variant, 12 built, later conversion to other variants.
4175:
1953:
1922:
824:
762:
Tudor 2 for BSAA, powered by four 1,770 hp (1,320 kW)
330:
179:
83:
4493:
4148:
1926:
1808:
Fly With the Stars: A History of British South American Airways
1255:
730 ft/min (3.7 m/s) at 20,000 ft (6,096 m)
344:, where an extensive programme of testing was carried out, the
1388:
ASN Aircraft accident Avro 689 Tudor 2 G-AGSU Woodford Airport
725:
factory and assembled and test flown from Woodford Aerodrome.
276:
and balance tabs, and there were hydraulically operated split
303:
structure, of 10 ft (3.0 m) diameter, fitted with
1156:
4,660 mi (7,500 km, 4,050 nmi) maximum fuel
1001:
5 (two pilots, flight engineer, radio operator, navigator)
685:
turbojets in under-wing paired nacelles. Given the serial
333:, and increased the production order to 20 in April 1945.
299:
The circular cross-section fuselage was an all-metal semi-
648:
The Tudor VI was to be built for the Argentinian airline
209:
Avro began work on the Type 688 Tudor in 1943, following
1629:(1995 ed.). New York: Military Press. p. 104.
1553:"ASN Aircraft accident Avro 689 Tudor 5 G-AKBY Llandow."
570:
Disaster struck again on 17 January 1949, when Tudor IV
217:. The specification was based on recommendations of the
823:
Freight and cargo version, three aircraft were used by
782:
Tudor 2 fitted with four 1,750 hp (1,305 kW)
1731:. Farnham, Surrey, UK: Ashgate Publishing Ltd., 2004.
1608:"60 years since Welsh rugby air disaster at Llandow."
697:
and RAE Farnborough before being broken up in 1951.
410:
The engines on the second prototype were changed to
5552:
5250:
5157:
4615:
4538:
4471:
4450:
4306:
4274:
4228:
4212:
4186:
4067:
3996:
3940:
3867:
3771:
3610:
3534:
3527:
2565:
2061:
2052:
2006:
1970:
1961:
1301:
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
652:for South Atlantic service, with 32–38 seats or 22
155:
145:
137:
129:
124:
116:
101:
89:
77:
67:
62:
41:
5580: Prior to adoption of Tri-Service prefixes.
1810:. Andover, Hampshire, UK: Speedman Press, 2007.
1729:Britain and the Economic Problem of the Cold War
721:All except the prototype built by Avro at their
574:also disappeared, this time between Bermuda and
1825:. Stroud, UK: Sutton Publishing Limited, 1997.
1716:. West Drayton, UK: Aviation Hobby Shop, 1991.
808:Jet-engined version of the Tudor 2, became the
1682:World Aircraft – Commercial Aircraft 1935–1960
975:of Air Charter flew into Mount Suphan, Turkey.
786:120 radial piston engines, one prototype only.
480:Two Tudor Is, G-AIYA and G-AJKC, were sent to
414:radials and the aircraft became the prototype
4505:
4160:
1938:
1840:. St Paul, Minnesota: Zenith Imprint, 2005.
597:. Some remained in service until 1959, until
8:
792:Jet-engined version of the Tudor 1. Tudor 1
27:British airliner with 4 piston engines, 1945
1761:. London: Putnam Aeronautical Books, 1990.
1594:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1244:990 ft/min (5.0 m/s) at sea level
895:British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC)
4512:
4498:
4490:
4167:
4153:
4145:
3531:
2058:
1967:
1945:
1931:
1923:
1230:12,400 ft (3,780 m) on 2 engines
1227:26,000 ft (7,925 m) on 3 engines
1202:10,000 ft (3,048 m) on 2 engines
1199:24,300 ft (7,407 m) on 3 engines
1085:constant-speed fully-feathering propellers
201:layout was also dated and a disadvantage.
186:bomber, itself a descendant of the famous
38:
1744:Avro – The History of an Aircraft Company
588:, four ex-BSAAC Tudor IVs were bought by
53:Avro Tudor 5 of Lome Airways (Canada) at
4373:1953 Mediterranean Sea mid-air collision
1793:Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War II
1627:Jane's Fighting aircraft of World War II
987:Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War II
613:Tudor V ex BSAAC and BOAC in storage at
558:Avro 688 Super Trader 4B "Conqueror" of
1746:. Wiltshire, UK: Crowood Press, 2004.
1652:"The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage"
1522:
1325:
1269:53.5 lb/sq ft (261 kg/m)
1791:Jane, Fred T. "The Avro 688 Tudor I."
1714:Piston Engine Airliner Production List
1701:. London: Ian Allan Publishing, 1992.
1680:Angelucci, Enzo and Paolo Matricardi.
964:27 January 1959 – Super Trader G-AGRG
1759:Avro Aircraft since 1908, 2nd edition
420:British South American Airways (BSAA)
7:
1872:A picture of the jet-powered Tudor 8
1777:. London: Putnam & Company Ltd.
1684:. London: Sampson Low Guides, 1979.
1031:1,421 sq ft (132.0 m)
1019:120 ft 0 in (36.58 m)
601:crashed in Turkey on 23 April 1959.
4388:1956 Scottish Airlines air disaster
1347:, 2005. Retrieved: 10 January 2006.
1013:79 ft 6 in (24.23 m)
1868:– British Aircraft of World War II
1025:22 ft 0 in (6.71 m)
500:being reconverted into a Tudor I.
25:
1775:British civil aircraft since 1919
980:Specifications (Avro 688 Tudor 1)
957:26 October 1951 – Tudor 5 G-AKCC
4349:1948 Northwood mid-air collision
1498:"THE DOLLAR-EARNING VISCOUNT..."
1058:76,000 lb (34,473 kg)
870:
848:
584:After storage for some years at
329:ordered 14 Tudor I aircraft for
47:
5570:Aircraft of the Australian Army
4523:aircraft serial-number prefixes
1712:Eastwood, Tony and John Roach.
1625:Bridgman, Leonard, ed. (1989).
1598:Eastwood and Roach 1991, p. 15.
1065:66,000 lb (29,937 kg)
399:first flew on 10 March 1946 at
1558:. Retrieved: 23 February 2009.
1395:. Retrieved: 23 February 2009.
1187:30,100 ft (9,200 m)
935:British South American Airways
901:British South American Airways
738:Stretched version, five built.
1:
5608:Four-engined tractor aircraft
4383:1955 Shackleton disappearance
1360:, Phoenix (Orion Books Ltd),
1356:Brown, Eric "Winkle" (2006),
1216:31,500 ft (9,601 m)
971:23 April 1959 – Super Trader
542:BSAA Star Tiger disappearance
5623:Four-engined piston aircraft
5618:Aircraft first flown in 1945
564:Manchester's Ringway Airport
534:Certificate of Airworthiness
492:, and both were acquired by
338:Royal Aircraft Establishment
236:engines. It was designed by
4533:indicate prefixes not used.
1889:advertisement for the Tudor
1862:– British Aircraft Database
943:17 January 1949 – Tudor 4B
228:and a large single fin and
5639:
4378:1953 Skyways disappearance
1838:Classic American Airliners
1576:Jackson 1990, pp. 386–387.
1446:"Gold Plate Constellation"
929:30 January 1948 – Tudor 1
911:William Dempster (airline)
593:freight flights as far as
539:
268:the outboard engines. The
29:
5578:
4528:
4363:1950 Llandow air disaster
257:The Tudor was a low-wing
46:
4521:Australian Defence Force
4313:Accidents and incidents
1806:Ottaway, Susan and Ian.
1795:. London: Studio, 1946.
1543:Scholefield 1997, p. 84.
1332:Scholefield 1997, p. 37.
950:12 March 1950 – Tudor 5
940:in the western Atlantic.
30:Not to be confused with
5603:1940s British airliners
1773:Jackson, A. J. (1973).
1656:m-selig.ae.illinois.edu
1556:Aviation Safety Network
1393:Aviation Safety Network
1063:Maximum landing weight:
992:General characteristics
917:Accidents and incidents
656:, but none were built.
615:London Stansted Airport
395:The prototype Tudor II
389:London Stansted Airport
199:tailwheel undercarriage
55:London Stansted Airport
4398:1959 Air Charter crash
3997:Sports/racing aircraft
1472:"MORE ABOUT TUDORS..."
1073:Rolls-Royce Merlin 100
906:Surrey Flying Services
711:tricycle undercarriage
678:
618:
567:
523:
392:
323:Lockheed Constellation
18:Avro 688 Tudor Mark IV
4451:Notable people/groups
1567:Jackson 1973, p. 467.
1426:Jackson 1990, p. 387.
798:was fitted with four
676:
612:
557:
519:
382:
5560:Aircraft of the RAAF
4326:1945 Avro York crash
4229:Airliners/transports
3870:& reconnaissance
1899:article on the Tudor
1435:Brookes 1992, p. 40.
1377:Geiger 2004, p. 149.
768:Llandow Air Disaster
459:Canadair North Stars
435:at RAE Farnborough.
361:Boeing Stratocruiser
226:pressurized fuselage
5565:Aircraft of the RAN
4403:1990 Scotland crash
1913:"More About Tudors"
1698:Disaster in the Air
1534:Duxbury diary 1949.
1406:The Daily Telegraph
1307:Vickers VC.1 Viking
1279:Related development
1056:Max takeoff weight:
945:G-AGRE "Star Ariel"
931:G-AHNP "Star Tiger"
590:Air Charter Limited
572:G-AGRE "Star Ariel"
496:in September 1953,
482:Armstrong Whitworth
449:The Daily Telegraph
385:Air Charter Limited
312:Operational history
288:with inset divided
211:Specification 29/43
169:Avro Type 688 Tudor
63:General information
5256:Tri-Service series
4393:1958 Dan-Air crash
1903:"Tudor in the Air"
1893:"The Avro Tudor I"
1823:Manchester Airport
1821:Scholefield, R.A.
1417:Yenne 2005, p. 22.
1408:, 5 February 1948.
1358:Wings on my Sleeve
952:G-AKBY "Star Girl"
800:Rolls-Royce Nene 4
764:Rolls-Royce Merlin
683:Rolls-Royce Nene 4
679:
629:On 12 March 1950,
619:
586:Manchester Airport
568:
401:Woodford Aerodrome
393:
327:Ministry of Supply
234:Rolls-Royce Merlin
219:Brabazon Committee
5613:Low-wing aircraft
5585:
5584:
5252:RAAF Series Three
4487:
4486:
4142:
4141:
4138:
4137:
3523:
3522:
3519:
3518:
2577:
2098:
1881:The Avro Tudor II
1816:978-0-7509-4448-9
1707:978-0-7110-2037-5
1695:Brookes, Andrew.
1650:Lednicer, David.
1366:978-0-7538-2209-8
1214:Absolute ceiling:
820:Tudor Freighter 1
802:turbojet engines.
707:Rolls-Royce Nenes
576:Kingston, Jamaica
272:were fitted with
165:
164:
57:in September 1953
16:(Redirected from
5630:
5262:
5261:
4621:
4544:
4514:
4507:
4500:
4491:
4275:Notable aircraft
4169:
4162:
4155:
4146:
4125:Roe III Triplane
3532:
2575:
2096:
2059:
1993:Roe III Triplane
1968:
1947:
1940:
1933:
1924:
1876:Internet Archive
1836:Yenne, William.
1788:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1647:
1641:
1640:
1622:
1616:
1615:, 12 March 2010.
1605:
1599:
1596:
1577:
1574:
1568:
1565:
1559:
1550:
1544:
1541:
1535:
1532:
1526:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1468:
1462:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1448:. Archived from
1442:
1436:
1433:
1427:
1424:
1418:
1415:
1409:
1402:
1396:
1384:
1378:
1375:
1369:
1354:
1348:
1342:"Avro Timeline."
1339:
1333:
1330:
1290:Avro Lancastrian
1185:Service ceiling:
1093:
994:
959:President Kruger
876:
874:
873:
854:
852:
851:
827:during the 1949
784:Bristol Hercules
709:and utilizing a
595:Christmas Island
527:Vickers Viscount
494:Aviation Traders
412:Bristol Hercules
51:
39:
21:
5638:
5637:
5633:
5632:
5631:
5629:
5628:
5627:
5588:
5587:
5586:
5581:
5574:
5548:
5259:
5257:
5255:
5254:
5246:
5153:
4619:
4618:
4617:RAAF Series Two
4611:
4542:
4541:
4540:RAAF Series One
4534:
4524:
4518:
4488:
4483:
4467:
4446:
4368:1952 Luqa crash
4302:
4270:
4224:
4208:
4182:
4181:aircraft family
4173:
4143:
4134:
4130:Roe IV Triplane
4120:Roe II Triplane
4063:
3992:
3936:
3869:
3868:Maritime patrol
3863:
3767:
3606:
3515:
2567:
2561:
2063:
2054:
2048:
2002:
1998:Roe IV Triplane
1988:Roe II Triplane
1963:
1957:
1951:
1856:
1851:
1785:
1772:
1742:Holmes, Harry.
1676:
1671:
1670:
1660:
1658:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1637:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1612:BBC News Online
1606:
1602:
1597:
1580:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1562:
1551:
1547:
1542:
1538:
1533:
1529:
1521:
1517:
1507:
1505:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1481:
1479:
1470:
1469:
1465:
1455:
1453:
1444:
1443:
1439:
1434:
1430:
1425:
1421:
1416:
1412:
1403:
1399:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1372:
1355:
1351:
1340:
1336:
1331:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1276:
1188:
1179:Maximum range:'
1089:
1059:
990:
982:
973:G-AGRH "Zephyr"
919:
871:
869:
849:
847:
844:
814:Super Trader 4B
719:
703:
671:
662:
646:
607:
599:G-AGRH "Zephyr"
560:Air Charter Ltd
544:
510:
478:
369:
342:RAE Farnborough
319:
314:
255:
246:Ringway Airport
207:
182:'s four-engine
112:
97:
58:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5636:
5634:
5626:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5590:
5589:
5583:
5582:
5579:
5576:
5575:
5573:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5556:
5554:
5550:
5549:
5547:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
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5346:
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5321:
5316:
5311:
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5265:
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5229:
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5174:
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5096:
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5041:
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5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
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4976:
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4961:
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4911:
4906:
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4776:
4771:
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4711:
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4701:
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4609:
4604:
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4554:
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4546:
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4529:
4526:
4525:
4519:
4517:
4516:
4509:
4502:
4494:
4485:
4484:
4482:
4481:
4479:Orange Harvest
4475:
4473:
4469:
4468:
4466:
4465:
4460:
4454:
4452:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4444:
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4405:
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4380:
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4360:
4351:
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4328:
4323:
4310:
4308:
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4300:
4293:
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4232:
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4171:
4164:
4157:
4149:
4140:
4139:
4136:
4135:
4133:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4115:Roe I Triplane
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4071:
4069:
4065:
4064:
4062:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4029:Antarctic Baby
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4000:
3998:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3944:
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3889:
3884:
3879:
3873:
3871:
3865:
3864:
3862:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3844:Manchester (2)
3841:
3839:Manchester (1)
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3775:
3773:
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3760:
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3478:
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3468:
3463:
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3428:
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3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
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3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
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3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
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3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
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3143:
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3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
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2948:
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2898:
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2613:
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2603:
2598:
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2583:
2578:
2571:
2569:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2067:
2065:
2056:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2010:
2008:
2004:
2003:
2001:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1983:Roe I Triplane
1980:
1974:
1972:
1965:
1959:
1958:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1942:
1935:
1927:
1921:
1920:
1910:
1900:
1890:
1878:
1869:
1863:
1855:
1854:External links
1852:
1850:
1849:
1834:
1819:
1804:
1789:
1783:
1770:
1757:Jackson, A.J.
1755:
1740:
1727:Geiger, Till.
1725:
1710:
1693:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1642:
1635:
1617:
1600:
1578:
1569:
1560:
1545:
1536:
1527:
1515:
1504:on 1 July 2016
1500:Archived from
1489:
1478:on 1 July 2016
1474:Archived from
1463:
1452:on 1 July 2016
1437:
1428:
1419:
1410:
1397:
1379:
1370:
1349:
1334:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1298:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1270:
1263:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1256:
1246:
1245:
1242:Rate of climb:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1231:
1228:
1218:
1217:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1207:
1206:
1205:
1204:
1203:
1200:
1190:
1189:
1182:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1171:
1170:
1169:
1168:
1158:
1157:
1150:
1149:
1148:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1130:
1129:
1122:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1118:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1112:
1102:
1101:
1098:Maximum speed:
1087:
1086:
1076:
1066:
1060:
1053:
1032:
1026:
1020:
1014:
1008:
1002:
981:
978:
977:
976:
969:
962:
955:
948:
941:
927:
918:
915:
914:
913:
908:
903:
898:
897:(freight only)
892:
887:
881:
880:
878:United Kingdom
866:
865:
859:
858:
843:
840:
839:
838:
835:
832:
829:Berlin Airlift
821:
818:
815:
812:
806:
803:
790:
787:
780:
777:
774:
771:
760:
757:
754:
751:
748:
745:
742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
718:
715:
702:
699:
670:
667:
661:
658:
654:sleeper berths
645:
642:
624:Berlin Airlift
606:
603:
540:Main article:
509:
506:
477:
474:
368:
365:
318:
315:
313:
310:
254:
251:
206:
203:
173:piston-engined
171:was a British
163:
162:
157:
156:Developed into
153:
152:
147:
146:Developed from
143:
142:
139:
135:
134:
131:
127:
126:
122:
121:
118:
114:
113:
108:
103:
99:
98:
93:
91:
87:
86:
81:
75:
74:
69:
65:
64:
60:
59:
52:
44:
43:
42:Type 688 Tudor
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5635:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5598:Avro aircraft
5596:
5595:
5593:
5577:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5557:
5555:
5551:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5266:
5264:
5253:
5249:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5164:
5162:
5160:
5156:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4626:
4624:
4622:
4614:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4545:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4515:
4510:
4508:
4503:
4501:
4496:
4495:
4492:
4480:
4477:
4476:
4474:
4470:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4458:Stuart Davies
4456:
4455:
4453:
4449:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4431:
4428:
4427:
4426:
4423:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4358:disappearance
4357:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4344:disappearance
4343:
4338:
4336:
4334:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4321:disappearance
4320:
4315:
4314:
4312:
4311:
4309:
4305:
4299:
4298:
4294:
4292:
4291:
4287:
4285:
4284:
4280:
4279:
4277:
4273:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4233:
4231:
4227:
4221:
4218:
4217:
4215:
4211:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4191:
4189:
4185:
4180:
4177:
4170:
4165:
4163:
4158:
4156:
4151:
4150:
4147:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4110:Roe I Biplane
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4072:
4070:
4066:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4001:
3999:
3995:
3989:
3988:Tiger Fighter
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3945:
3943:
3939:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3866:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3776:
3774:
3770:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3615:
3613:
3609:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3539:
3537:
3533:
3530:
3526:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
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2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
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2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2564:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
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2488:
2485:
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2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
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2453:
2450:
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2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
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2128:
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2118:
2115:
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2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2094:
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2084:
2082:
2079:
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2074:
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2069:
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2066:
2060:
2057:
2051:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2005:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1978:Roe I Biplane
1976:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1966:
1960:
1955:
1948:
1943:
1941:
1936:
1934:
1929:
1928:
1925:
1918:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1894:
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1888:
1887:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1847:
1846:0-7603-1931-6
1843:
1839:
1835:
1832:
1831:0-7509-1954-X
1828:
1824:
1820:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1802:
1801:1-85170-493-0
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1784:0-370-10006-9
1780:
1776:
1771:
1768:
1767:0-85177-834-8
1764:
1760:
1756:
1753:
1752:1-86126-651-0
1749:
1745:
1741:
1738:
1737:0-7546-0287-7
1734:
1730:
1726:
1723:
1722:0-907178-37-5
1719:
1715:
1711:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1699:
1694:
1691:
1690:0-562-00125-5
1687:
1683:
1679:
1678:
1673:
1657:
1653:
1646:
1643:
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1561:
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1554:
1549:
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1540:
1537:
1531:
1528:
1525:, p. 156
1524:
1519:
1516:
1503:
1499:
1493:
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1477:
1473:
1467:
1464:
1451:
1447:
1441:
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1432:
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1423:
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1411:
1407:
1401:
1398:
1394:
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1374:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1353:
1350:
1346:
1343:
1338:
1335:
1329:
1326:
1319:
1314:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1280:
1273:
1268:
1267:Wing loading:
1265:
1264:
1254:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1243:
1240:
1239:
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1226:
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1224:
1223:
1222:
1221:
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1215:
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1201:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1195:
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1192:
1191:
1186:
1183:
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1177:
1176:
1166:
1165:
1164:
1163:
1162:
1161:
1160:
1159:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1134:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1126:Cruise speed:
1124:
1123:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1007:24 passengers
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
996:
995:
993:
988:
986:
979:
974:
970:
967:
963:
960:
956:
953:
949:
946:
942:
939:
936:
932:
928:
925:
921:
920:
916:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
882:
879:
868:
867:
864:
861:
860:
857:
846:
845:
841:
836:
833:
830:
826:
822:
819:
816:
813:
811:
807:
804:
801:
797:
796:
791:
788:
785:
781:
778:
775:
772:
769:
765:
761:
758:
755:
752:
749:
746:
743:
740:
737:
734:
731:
728:
727:
726:
724:
716:
714:
712:
708:
700:
698:
696:
695:Boscombe Down
692:
688:
684:
675:
668:
666:
659:
657:
655:
651:
643:
641:
638:
636:
632:
627:
625:
616:
611:
604:
602:
600:
596:
591:
587:
582:
579:
577:
573:
565:
561:
556:
552:
549:
543:
538:
535:
530:
528:
522:
518:
514:
507:
505:
501:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
475:
473:
471:
467:
462:
460:
455:
452:
450:
443:
441:
436:
434:
433:
427:
425:
421:
417:
413:
408:
404:
402:
398:
390:
386:
381:
377:
373:
366:
364:
362:
356:
353:
351:
347:
343:
339:
334:
332:
328:
324:
316:
311:
309:
306:
302:
297:
295:
291:
287:
282:
279:
275:
271:
265:
263:
260:
252:
250:
247:
242:
239:
235:
231:
227:
222:
220:
216:
212:
204:
202:
200:
196:
192:
189:
185:
181:
177:
174:
170:
161:
158:
154:
151:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
104:
102:Primary users
100:
96:
92:
88:
85:
82:
80:
76:
73:
70:
66:
61:
56:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
5533:
5513:
5428:
5418:
5343:
4530:
4463:Roy Chadwick
4442:Preservation
4355:
4341:
4332:
4318:
4295:
4290:G for George
4288:
4281:
4261:Super Trader
4260:
4255:
4250:
4068:Experimental
3747:
3732:
3727:
3718:Super Trader
3717:
3155:
3145:
3135:
3110:
2511:
2506:
2055:designations
2007:Type letters
1971:Roe aircraft
1964:designations
1916:
1906:
1896:
1885:
1837:
1822:
1807:
1792:
1774:
1758:
1743:
1728:
1713:
1697:
1681:
1674:Bibliography
1659:. Retrieved
1655:
1645:
1626:
1620:
1610:
1603:
1572:
1563:
1555:
1548:
1539:
1530:
1523:Jackson 1973
1518:
1506:. Retrieved
1502:the original
1492:
1480:. Retrieved
1476:the original
1466:
1454:. Retrieved
1450:the original
1440:
1431:
1422:
1413:
1405:
1400:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1373:
1357:
1352:
1344:
1337:
1328:
1311:
1300:
1299:
1285:Avro Lincoln
1278:
1277:
1266:
1241:
1213:
1184:
1178:
1153:
1125:
1097:
1090:
1088:
1078:
1068:
1062:
1055:
1047:
1040:
1034:
1028:
1022:
1016:
1010:
1004:
998:
991:
989:
984:
983:
965:
958:
924:Roy Chadwick
863:Lome Airways
793:
753:688 Tudor 4B
720:
704:
686:
680:
663:
647:
639:
628:
620:
583:
580:
569:
566:in June 1955
545:
531:
524:
520:
515:
511:
502:
497:
489:
485:
479:
465:
463:
456:
447:
444:
439:
437:
430:
428:
423:
415:
409:
405:
396:
394:
374:
370:
357:
354:
335:
320:
298:
283:
266:
256:
243:
238:Roy Chadwick
223:
208:
191:heavy bomber
168:
166:
150:Avro Lincoln
141:14 June 1945
138:First flight
130:Manufactured
117:Number built
95:Roy Chadwick
79:Manufacturer
36:
4236:Lancastrian
4049:Cabin Cadet
3854:Silver King
3698:Lancastrian
1345:Avro Museum
1295:Avro Ashton
1091:Performance
1079:Propellers:
1069:Powerplant:
938:disappeared
885:Air Charter
789:688 Tudor 8
779:689 Tudor 7
773:689 Tudor 6
759:689 Tudor 5
747:688 Tudor 4
741:688 Tudor 3
735:689 Tudor 2
729:688 Tudor 1
635:RAF Llandow
548:Santa Maria
470:Avro Ashton
383:Tudor 2 of
205:Development
160:Avro Ashton
5592:Categories
5159:RAN Series
4425:In fiction
4413:Shackleton
4356:Star Ariel
4342:Star Tiger
4246:Lincolnian
4220:Shackleton
4194:Manchester
4059:Water Baby
3927:Shackleton
3917:Arrowscout
3703:Lincolnian
3611:Transports
2097:(wing set)
1860:Avro Tudor
1636:0517679647
1315:References
1051:NACA 23009
1044:NACA 23018
1029:Wing area:
966:El Alamein
834:711 Trader
810:706 Ashton
723:Chadderton
466:711 Trader
350:Eric Brown
346:test pilot
294:servo tabs
259:cantilever
32:Avro Tutor
4437:Operators
4333:Star Dust
4199:Lancaster
4179:Lancaster
3829:Lancaster
3809:Aldershot
3678:Commodore
3602:Warregull
3587:Sea Tutor
2576:(skipped)
2053:Numerical
1895:– a 1945
1081:4-bladed
1017:Wingspan:
1005:Capacity:
985:Data from
890:Airflight
842:Operators
660:Tudor VII
476:Tudor III
301:monocoque
290:elevators
286:tailplane
262:monoplane
188:Lancaster
178:based on
133:1945–1949
4989:A68 (II)
4335:accident
3941:Fighters
3814:Antelope
3688:Eighteen
3535:Trainers
2568:projects
2064:aircraft
1956:aircraft
1874:via the
1661:16 April
1274:See also
717:Variants
644:Tudor VI
508:Tudor IV
367:Tudor II
270:ailerons
176:airliner
90:Designer
72:Airliner
5464:A40/N40
5374:A22/N22
5349:A17/N17
5260:present
4984:A68 (I)
4620:1935–63
4543:1921–34
4531:Italics
4472:Related
4408:Lincoln
4204:Lincoln
4187:Bombers
4054:Popular
3968:Avenger
3834:Lincoln
3824:Buffalo
3772:Bombers
3663:Andover
3597:Prefect
2566:Unbuilt
2024:Type Es
1919:article
1915:a 1948
1909:article
1905:a 1948
1883:A 1946
1036:Airfoil
1023:Height:
1011:Length:
805:Tudor 9
701:Tudor 9
669:Tudor 8
617:in 1953
605:Tudor V
424:Tudor V
422:as the
416:Tudor 7
391:in 1955
317:Tudor I
308:doors.
215:Lincoln
184:Lincoln
125:History
106:B.S.A.A
4430:Ashton
4307:Topics
4266:Ashton
4256:Trader
4213:Patrol
4105:Duigan
4095:Ashton
3983:Spider
3973:Avocet
3932:Wright
3859:Vulcan
3728:Trader
3708:Saloon
3673:Ashton
3577:Athena
2044:Type J
2039:Type H
2034:Type G
2029:Type F
2019:Type E
2014:Type D
1917:Flight
1907:Flight
1897:Flight
1886:Flight
1844:
1829:
1814:
1799:
1781:
1765:
1750:
1735:
1720:
1705:
1688:
1633:
1508:27 May
1482:27 May
1456:27 May
1368:p. 161
1364:
1154:Range:
875:
856:Canada
853:
631:G-AKBY
397:G-AGSU
348:being
253:Design
230:rudder
5553:Lists
5258:1964–
4354:1949
4340:1948
4331:1947
4319:PA278
4317:1945
4297:PA474
4283:FM213
4251:Tudor
4100:Burga
4034:Avian
3922:Bison
3912:Anson
3758:XXIII
3733:Tudor
3683:Eight
3668:Anson
3592:Tutor
3582:Cadet
3572:Anson
2062:Built
1866:Tudor
1320:Notes
1083:Rotol
1041:root:
999:Crew:
795:VX195
687:VX195
498:VP301
490:VP312
486:VP301
440:VX202
432:VZ366
305:kapok
278:flaps
5149:A100
4418:York
4241:York
4176:Avro
4044:Baby
4039:Avis
3978:Pike
3849:Pike
3763:York
3753:XXII
3693:Five
3528:Role
3071:685B
1962:Avro
1954:Avro
1842:ISBN
1827:ISBN
1812:ISBN
1797:ISBN
1779:ISBN
1763:ISBN
1748:ISBN
1733:ISBN
1718:ISBN
1703:ISBN
1686:ISBN
1663:2019
1631:ISBN
1510:2016
1484:2016
1458:2016
1362:ISBN
1071:4 ×
1048:tip:
825:BOAC
691:SBAC
650:FAMA
488:and
331:BOAC
274:trim
195:DC-4
180:Avro
167:The
110:BOAC
84:Avro
68:Type
5544:A69
5539:A56
5534:A55
5529:A54
5524:A53
5519:N52
5514:A51
5509:N49
5504:N48
5499:A47
5494:A46
5489:A45
5484:A44
5479:A43
5474:N42
5469:A41
5459:A39
5454:A38
5449:A37
5444:A36
5439:A35
5434:A34
5429:A33
5424:A32
5419:A31
5414:A30
5409:N29
5404:N28
5399:A27
5394:A26
5389:A25
5384:N24
5379:A23
5369:A21
5364:A20
5359:A19
5354:A18
5344:A16
5339:A15
5334:A14
5329:A13
5324:A12
5319:A11
5314:A10
5242:N16
5237:N15
5232:N14
5227:N13
5222:N12
5217:N11
5212:N10
5144:A99
5139:A98
5134:A97
5129:A96
5124:A95
5119:A94
5114:A93
5109:A92
5104:A91
5099:A90
5094:A89
5089:A88
5084:A87
5079:A86
5074:A85
5069:A84
5064:A83
5059:A82
5054:A81
5049:A80
5044:A79
5039:A78
5034:A77
5029:A76
5024:A75
5019:A74
5014:A73
5009:A72
5004:A71
4999:A70
4994:A69
4979:A67
4974:A66
4969:A65
4964:A64
4959:A63
4954:A62
4949:A61
4944:A60
4939:A59
4934:A58
4929:A57
4924:A56
4919:A55
4914:A54
4909:A53
4904:A52
4899:A51
4894:A50
4889:A49
4884:A48
4879:A47
4874:A46
4869:A45
4864:A44
4859:A44
4854:A43
4849:A42
4844:A41
4839:A40
4834:A39
4829:A38
4824:A37
4819:A37
4814:A37
4809:A36
4804:A35
4799:A34
4794:A33
4789:A32
4784:A31
4779:A30
4774:A30
4769:A29
4764:A28
4759:A27
4754:A26
4749:A25
4744:A24
4739:A23
4734:A22
4729:A21
4724:A20
4719:A19
4714:A18
4709:A17
4704:A16
4699:A15
4694:A14
4689:A13
4684:A12
4679:A11
4674:A10
4607:A12
4602:A11
4597:A10
4090:707
4085:576
4080:575
4075:574
4024:560
4019:558
4014:539
4009:538
4004:510
3963:531
3958:530
3953:527
3948:521
3907:541
3902:512
3897:511
3892:510
3887:508
3882:503
3877:501
3819:Ava
3804:730
3799:529
3794:528
3789:522
3784:519
3779:504
3748:XXI
3738:XIX
3723:Ten
3713:Six
3658:748
3653:652
3648:618
3643:553
3638:547
3633:546
3628:542
3623:537
3618:536
3567:552
3562:548
3557:545
3552:540
3547:504
3542:500
3511:784
3506:783
3501:782
3496:781
3491:779
3486:778
3481:777
3476:776
3471:775
3466:774
3461:773
3456:772
3451:771
3446:770
3441:769
3436:768
3431:767
3426:766
3421:765
3416:764
3411:763
3406:762
3401:761
3396:760
3391:759
3386:758
3381:757
3376:756
3371:755
3366:754
3361:753
3356:752
3351:751
3346:750
3341:749
3336:747
3331:746
3326:745
3321:744
3316:743
3311:742
3306:741
3301:740
3296:739
3291:738
3286:737
3281:736
3276:735
3271:734
3266:733
3261:732
3256:731
3251:730
3246:729
3241:728
3236:727
3231:726
3226:725
3221:724
3216:723
3211:722
3206:721
3201:720
3196:719
3191:718
3186:717
3181:716
3176:715
3171:714
3166:713
3161:712
3156:711
3151:710
3146:709
3141:708
3136:705
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