249:
28:
167:
The first prototype flew in 1921, with an order for 12 Bison Is following. The aircraft had handling problems, however, caused by interference of the pilots cockpit with the airflow over the upper wing. This was resolved by revising the wing design of the second prototype, raising the centre section
155:
engine. The deep slab-sided fuselage was constructed of steel tube, with the pilot sitting in an open cockpit forward of the wings, and the engine cowling sloping steeply down ahead of the pilot. An enclosed cabin with large rectangular windows on each side housed the navigator and radio operator
172:
from the upper wings, flying in this form in April 1923. Further production orders followed with these modifications incorporated as the Bison II, while some Bison Is were modified to a similar standard, sometimes known as the Bison IA. A Bison I was fitted with floats and retractable wheels but
2964:
143:
for a carrier-based fleet spotter and reconnaissance aircraft. An order for three prototypes was placed in
October 1921, together with three of the competing design from
2974:
754:
2984:
140:
2225:
2075:
706:
687:
747:
513:
156:
and all their equipment, with sufficient headroom to stand upright, while a cockpit for a gunner armed with a
314:
One Bison I converted to an amphibian to meet Air
Ministry Specification 8/23, not ordered into production.
2969:
2467:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
1366:
1361:
740:
51:
164:
was provided in the rear fuselage. The upper wings were mounted directly on the top of the fuselage.
2648:
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2015:
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1256:
853:
720:
702:
683:
666:
151:. Avro's design, the Type 555 Bison, was a two-bay biplane, powered, like the Blackburn, by a
2934:
2633:
2507:
1600:
1326:
1096:
1091:
802:
212:
205:
193:. In April 1923, 3 Squadron was broken up to form a number of Fleet Spotter Flights of the
2939:
2929:
2858:
2818:
2792:
2736:
2653:
2005:
1990:
1975:
1336:
1301:
1281:
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1241:
1236:
986:
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807:
797:
261:
198:
186:
182:
74:
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1306:
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661:
383:
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124:
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1151:
941:
787:
273:
267:
194:
27:
2777:
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1995:
1970:
1910:
1890:
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1625:
1555:
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1510:
1331:
1206:
1186:
1181:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1066:
1051:
467:
2914:
2904:
2782:
2668:
2482:
2386:
2250:
2020:
2000:
1930:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1296:
1291:
1191:
1166:
1126:
843:
838:
823:
478:
234:
161:
152:
2909:
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2889:
2884:
2843:
2721:
2557:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2527:
2477:
2401:
2396:
2381:
1965:
1955:
1945:
1920:
1820:
1790:
1615:
1565:
1560:
1321:
1316:
1271:
1266:
1211:
1201:
1196:
1176:
1171:
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1136:
1116:
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1101:
670:
2868:
2863:
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2848:
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2572:
1880:
1545:
1480:
1311:
1071:
1041:
1001:
976:
724:
474:
157:
181:
Although designed for a naval requirement the first deliveries were to the
386:
W-12 liquid-cooled piston engine, 480 hp (360 kW) at 2,200 rpm
2899:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2813:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2741:
2726:
2711:
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2427:
2411:
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2376:
2371:
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2195:
2085:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2010:
1960:
1875:
1785:
1780:
1720:
1715:
1660:
1610:
1605:
1495:
1490:
1435:
1400:
1356:
1286:
1231:
1216:
1131:
1121:
1061:
1056:
1036:
1031:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
996:
991:
981:
961:
956:
951:
946:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
848:
833:
828:
226:
222:
218:
296:
Twelve Lion II powered production aircraft, survivors rebuilt as IAs
233:. The aircraft were retired in 1929 when they were replaced by the
230:
763:
732:
128:
56:
736:
659:
Harlin, Eric J. (August–November 1983). "The Sea-Going Bison".
302:
Bison Is modified with a biplane gap and additional dorsal fin.
717:
The
Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (part work 1982–1985)
173:
tests proved the design was not suitable for seaborne use.
308:
Improved variant with biplane gap modification, 23 built.
168:
of the upper wing by 2 ft (0.6 m) and removing
542:
540:
290:
Three prototypes to Air
Ministry specification 3/21.
2877:
2806:
2750:
2677:
2581:
2420:
2344:
2337:
1375:
871:
862:
816:
780:
771:
496:
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
109:
101:
93:
88:
80:
70:
62:
50:
42:
37:
20:
2965:1920s British military reconnaissance aircraft
748:
397:normal 450 hp (336 kW) at 2,000 rpm
8:
123:was a British single-engined fleet spotter/
2341:
868:
777:
755:
741:
733:
17:
606:
426:108 mph (174 km/h, 94 kn)
642:
594:
582:
546:
524:
438:360 mi (580 km, 310 nmi)
432:90 mph (140 km/h, 78 kn)
139:The Bison was designed to meet British
630:
618:
570:
558:
531:
189:for coastal reconnaissance work with
7:
352:46 ft 0 in (14.02 m)
346:36 ft 0 in (10.97 m)
486:Provision for underwing bomb racks
358:14 ft 2 in (4.32 m)
14:
699:British Naval Aircraft since 1912
701:(4th ed.). London: Putnam.
247:
26:
2975:Single-engined tractor aircraft
665:. No. 22. pp. 40–51.
364:630 sq ft (59 m)
450:450 ft/min (2.3 m/s)
411:2-bladed fixed-pitch propeller
1:
444:12,000 ft (3,700 m)
376:6,132 lb (2,781 kg)
370:4,116 lb (1,867 kg)
2985:Aircraft first flown in 1921
46:Fleet spotter/reconnaissance
514:List of aircraft of the RAF
197:. Naval aircraft served on
3001:
473:and 1 × .303 in (7.7 mm)
466:1 × fixed forward firing
319:Specifications (Bison II)
272:423 Fleet Spotter Flight
266:421 Fleet Spotter Flight
25:
680:Avro Aircraft since 1908
326:Avro Aircraft since 1908
697:Thetford, Owen (1978).
678:Jackson, A. J. (1990).
502:Blackburn R.1 Blackburn
331:General characteristics
185:in 1922 to replace the
2807:Sports/racing aircraft
135:Development and design
2680:& reconnaissance
471:Vickers machine gun
374:Max takeoff weight:
177:Operational history
149:Blackburn Blackburn
38:General information
682:. London: Putnam.
305:Avro 555A Bison II
191:No. 3 Squadron RAF
145:Blackburn Aircraft
141:Specification 3/21
127:aircraft built by
2952:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2333:
2332:
2329:
2328:
1387:
908:
719:. London: Orbis.
633:, pp. 50–51.
621:, pp. 48–50.
609:, pp. 40–41.
573:, pp. 45–47.
311:Avro 555B Bison I
299:Avro 555 Bison IA
117:
116:
94:Introduction date
2992:
2935:Roe III Triplane
2342:
1385:
906:
869:
803:Roe III Triplane
778:
757:
750:
743:
734:
728:
712:
693:
674:
646:
640:
634:
628:
622:
616:
610:
604:
598:
592:
586:
580:
574:
568:
562:
556:
550:
544:
535:
529:
458:
442:Service ceiling:
419:
333:
293:Avro 555 Bison I
253:
251:
250:
30:
18:
3000:
2999:
2995:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2989:
2955:
2954:
2953:
2944:
2940:Roe IV Triplane
2930:Roe II Triplane
2873:
2802:
2746:
2679:
2678:Maritime patrol
2673:
2577:
2416:
2325:
1377:
1371:
873:
864:
858:
812:
808:Roe IV Triplane
798:Roe II Triplane
773:
767:
761:
731:
715:
709:
696:
690:
677:
658:
654:
649:
641:
637:
629:
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581:
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569:
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557:
553:
545:
538:
530:
526:
522:
493:
459:
454:
415:
329:
321:
284:
262:Royal Air Force
248:
246:
243:
217:and onshore at
187:Westland Walrus
183:Royal Air Force
179:
137:
121:Avro 555 Bison
75:Royal Air Force
33:
12:
11:
5:
2998:
2996:
2988:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2957:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2925:Roe I Triplane
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2881:
2879:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2871:
2866:
2861:
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2846:
2841:
2839:Antarctic Baby
2836:
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2656:
2654:Manchester (2)
2651:
2649:Manchester (1)
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2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
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979:
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919:
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888:
883:
877:
875:
866:
860:
859:
857:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
820:
818:
814:
813:
811:
810:
805:
800:
795:
793:Roe I Triplane
790:
784:
782:
775:
769:
768:
762:
760:
759:
752:
745:
737:
730:
729:
713:
707:
694:
688:
675:
662:Air Enthusiast
655:
653:
650:
648:
647:
645:, p. 208.
635:
623:
611:
599:
597:, p. 206.
587:
585:, p. 205.
575:
563:
551:
549:, p. 204.
536:
523:
521:
518:
517:
516:
505:
504:
492:
489:
488:
487:
481:
452:
451:
448:Rate of climb:
445:
439:
433:
427:
424:Maximum speed:
413:
412:
405:
404:
403:
402:
401:
400:
399:
398:
388:
387:
384:Napier Lion II
377:
371:
365:
359:
353:
347:
341:
320:
317:
316:
315:
312:
309:
306:
303:
300:
297:
294:
291:
288:
287:Avro 555 Bison
283:
280:
279:
278:
277:
276:
270:
258:
257:
255:United Kingdom
242:
239:
178:
175:
136:
133:
125:reconnaissance
115:
114:
111:
107:
106:
103:
99:
98:
95:
91:
90:
86:
85:
82:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
64:
60:
59:
54:
48:
47:
44:
40:
39:
35:
34:
31:
23:
22:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2997:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2970:Avro aircraft
2968:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2920:Roe I Biplane
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2876:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2805:
2799:
2798:Tiger Fighter
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2749:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2676:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2586:
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2019:
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1979:
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1013:
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1005:
1003:
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975:
973:
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968:
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948:
945:
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938:
935:
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928:
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923:
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918:
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913:
910:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
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884:
882:
879:
878:
876:
870:
867:
861:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
821:
819:
815:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
788:Roe I Biplane
786:
785:
783:
779:
776:
770:
765:
758:
753:
751:
746:
744:
739:
738:
735:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
708:0-370-30021-1
704:
700:
695:
691:
689:0-85177-834-8
685:
681:
676:
672:
668:
664:
663:
657:
656:
651:
644:
639:
636:
632:
627:
624:
620:
615:
612:
608:
607:Thetford 1978
603:
600:
596:
591:
588:
584:
579:
576:
572:
567:
564:
561:, p. 43.
560:
555:
552:
548:
543:
541:
537:
534:, p. 41.
533:
528:
525:
519:
515:
512:
511:
510:
509:
508:Related lists
503:
500:
499:
498:
497:
490:
485:
482:
480:
476:
472:
469:
465:
462:
461:
460:
457:
449:
446:
443:
440:
437:
434:
431:
430:Cruise speed:
428:
425:
422:
421:
420:
418:
410:
407:
406:
396:
395:
394:
393:
392:
391:
390:
389:
385:
381:
378:
375:
372:
369:
368:Empty weight:
366:
363:
360:
357:
354:
351:
348:
345:
342:
339:
336:
335:
334:
332:
327:
325:
318:
313:
310:
307:
304:
301:
298:
295:
292:
289:
286:
285:
281:
275:
274:Fleet Air Arm
271:
269:
268:Fleet Air Arm
265:
264:
263:
260:
259:
256:
245:
244:
240:
238:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
215:
210:
209:
203:
202:
196:
195:Fleet Air Arm
192:
188:
184:
176:
174:
171:
165:
163:
159:
154:
150:
146:
142:
134:
132:
130:
126:
122:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
87:
83:
79:
76:
73:
69:
65:
61:
58:
55:
53:
49:
45:
41:
36:
32:Avro Bison II
29:
24:
19:
16:
2878:Experimental
2731:
2528:Super Trader
1046:
865:designations
817:Type letters
781:Roe aircraft
774:designations
716:
698:
679:
660:
643:Jackson 1990
638:
626:
614:
602:
595:Jackson 1990
590:
583:Jackson 1990
578:
566:
554:
547:Jackson 1990
527:
507:
506:
495:
494:
483:
463:
455:
453:
447:
441:
435:
429:
423:
416:
414:
408:
379:
373:
367:
361:
355:
349:
343:
337:
330:
328:
323:
322:
213:
207:
200:
180:
166:
138:
120:
118:
102:First flight
81:Number built
71:Primary user
52:Manufacturer
15:
2859:Cabin Cadet
2664:Silver King
2508:Lancastrian
631:Harlin 1983
619:Harlin 1983
571:Harlin 1983
559:Harlin 1983
532:Harlin 1983
479:Scarff ring
417:Performance
409:Propellers:
380:Powerplant:
235:Fairey IIIF
162:Scarff ring
153:Napier Lion
2959:Categories
2869:Water Baby
2737:Shackleton
2727:Arrowscout
2513:Lincolnian
2421:Transports
907:(wing set)
652:References
362:Wing area:
2639:Lancaster
2619:Aldershot
2488:Commodore
2412:Warregull
2397:Sea Tutor
1386:(skipped)
863:Numerical
671:0143-5450
520:Footnotes
475:Lewis Gun
350:Wingspan:
324:Data from
241:Operators
206:HMS
199:HMS
158:Lewis gun
2980:Biplanes
2751:Fighters
2624:Antelope
2498:Eighteen
2345:Trainers
1378:projects
874:aircraft
766:aircraft
725:16544050
491:See also
456:Armament
282:Variants
170:dihedral
2864:Popular
2778:Avenger
2644:Lincoln
2634:Buffalo
2582:Bombers
2473:Andover
2407:Prefect
1376:Unbuilt
834:Type Es
468:.303 in
356:Height:
344:Length:
227:Hal Far
223:England
219:Gosport
214:Furious
110:Retired
89:History
66:Retired
2915:Duigan
2905:Ashton
2793:Spider
2783:Avocet
2742:Wright
2669:Vulcan
2538:Trader
2518:Saloon
2483:Ashton
2387:Athena
854:Type J
849:Type H
844:Type G
839:Type F
829:Type E
824:Type D
723:
705:
686:
669:
484:Bombs:
436:Range:
252:
147:, the
63:Status
2910:Burga
2844:Avian
2732:Bison
2722:Anson
2568:XXIII
2543:Tudor
2493:Eight
2478:Anson
2402:Tutor
2392:Cadet
2382:Anson
872:Built
464:Guns:
338:Crew:
231:Malta
208:Eagle
201:Argus
160:on a
21:Bison
2854:Baby
2849:Avis
2788:Pike
2659:Pike
2573:York
2563:XXII
2503:Five
2338:Role
1881:685B
772:Avro
764:Avro
721:OCLC
703:ISBN
684:ISBN
667:ISSN
382:1 ×
225:and
211:and
129:Avro
119:The
113:1929
105:1921
97:1922
57:Avro
43:Type
2900:707
2895:576
2890:575
2885:574
2834:560
2829:558
2824:539
2819:538
2814:510
2773:531
2768:530
2763:527
2758:521
2717:541
2712:512
2707:511
2702:510
2697:508
2692:503
2687:501
2629:Ava
2614:730
2609:529
2604:528
2599:522
2594:519
2589:504
2558:XXI
2548:XIX
2533:Ten
2523:Six
2468:748
2463:652
2458:618
2453:553
2448:547
2443:546
2438:542
2433:537
2428:536
2377:552
2372:548
2367:545
2362:540
2357:504
2352:500
2321:784
2316:783
2311:782
2306:781
2301:779
2296:778
2291:777
2286:776
2281:775
2276:774
2271:773
2266:772
2261:771
2256:770
2251:769
2246:768
2241:767
2236:766
2231:765
2226:764
2221:763
2216:762
2211:761
2206:760
2201:759
2196:758
2191:757
2186:756
2181:755
2176:754
2171:753
2166:752
2161:751
2156:750
2151:749
2146:747
2141:746
2136:745
2131:744
2126:743
2121:742
2116:741
2111:740
2106:739
2101:738
2096:737
2091:736
2086:735
2081:734
2076:733
2071:732
2066:731
2061:730
2056:729
2051:728
2046:727
2041:726
2036:725
2031:724
2026:723
2021:722
2016:721
2011:720
2006:719
2001:718
1996:717
1991:716
1986:715
1981:714
1976:713
1971:712
1966:711
1961:710
1956:709
1951:708
1946:705
1941:704
1936:703
1931:702
1926:700
1921:699
1916:697
1911:695
1906:693
1901:692
1896:690
1891:687
1886:686
1876:684
1871:682
1866:681
1861:680
1856:678
1851:677
1846:676
1841:675
1836:673
1831:672
1826:670
1821:669
1816:668
1811:666
1806:665
1801:664
1796:663
1791:662
1786:660
1781:659
1776:658
1771:657
1766:656
1761:655
1756:653
1751:651
1746:650
1741:649
1736:648
1731:647
1726:645
1721:644
1716:636
1711:635
1706:634
1701:633
1696:632
1691:630
1686:629
1681:628
1676:622
1671:615
1666:614
1661:613
1656:610
1651:609
1646:608
1641:607
1636:606
1631:603
1626:602
1621:601
1616:600
1611:599
1606:598
1601:597
1596:596
1591:595
1586:593
1581:592
1576:591
1571:590
1566:589
1561:588
1556:583
1551:580
1546:579
1541:578
1536:577
1531:573
1526:570
1521:569
1516:568
1511:556
1506:565
1501:564
1496:559
1491:553
1486:550
1481:544
1476:542
1471:541
1466:537
1461:535
1456:532
1451:526
1446:525
1441:524
1436:522
1431:520
1426:518
1421:517
1416:516
1411:515
1406:513
1401:512
1396:509
1391:506
1384:505
1367:780
1362:748
1357:707
1352:706
1347:701
1342:698
1337:696
1332:694
1327:691
1322:689
1317:688
1312:685
1307:683
1302:679
1297:674
1292:671
1287:667
1282:661
1277:654
1272:652
1267:646
1262:643
1257:642
1252:641
1247:640
1242:639
1237:638
1232:637
1227:631
1222:627
1217:626
1212:625
1207:624
1202:623
1197:621
1192:620
1187:619
1182:618
1177:617
1172:616
1167:612
1162:611
1157:605
1152:604
1147:594
1142:587
1137:586
1132:585
1127:584
1122:582
1117:581
1112:576
1107:575
1102:574
1097:572
1092:571
1087:567
1082:566
1077:563
1072:562
1067:561
1062:560
1057:558
1052:557
1047:555
1042:554
1037:552
1032:551
1027:549
1022:548
1017:547
1012:546
1007:545
1002:543
997:540
992:539
987:538
982:536
977:534
972:533
967:531
962:530
957:529
952:528
947:527
942:523
937:521
932:519
927:514
922:511
917:510
912:508
905:507
901:504
896:503
891:502
886:501
881:500
477:on
2961::
2553:XX
539:^
237:.
229:,
221:,
204:,
131:.
84:55
756:e
749:t
742:v
727:.
711:.
692:.
673:.
340:4
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
