180:. Spoken by the indigenous people that live along the Upper Xingu River, the language is in danger of becoming extinct with a declining 150 living speakers. The Aweti people live in a multilingual area due to various indigenous people settling there from various regions. In search of refuge many people have relocated to the reserve as a result of
196:
it lessened the amount of Aweti speakers in the main village and it continued to decrease the amount of Aweti speakers in the new village as they began to communicate in
Kamaiura only. Because of this many Aweti people only speak Kamaiura today. Most Aweti people are multilingual. Portuguese is the
208:
The name of the language originates from the ethnonym by which the Awetí are known among neighbouring groups. They call themselves , with the Awetí collective suffix ‑za, and call their own language , Awytyza ti'ingku (language of the Awetí).
258:(again in accordance with the norms established by the ABA), so as to encourage a pronunciation with stress on the last syllable, which is how the name is pronounced in Portuguese, including by the Awetí themselves when speaking Portuguese.
254:
Today, the most common designation for the group and their language is Awetí or Aweti (the latter more often used in
Portuguese). In English, the preferred spelling has an acute accent on the final
297:. In particular in older and non-Brazilian literature, one finds, for instance: Awetö, Aueto, Aueti, Auiti, rarely also Auetê or even Auety, etc. Sometimes (notably in the “Ethnologue”,
261:
Several different spellings of the people and language can be found in the literature. They differ in having one or several of the above changes applied or not applied:
192:
In 2002 there was a major shift in the Xingu tribe. A group of Aweti people separated from the main village and built their own. Because the family spoke both Aweti and
212:
In the writings of the early –German– explorers, the name appears as “Auetö” or “Auetö́”. (That is, the first , without stress in Awetí, was represented as
1766:
1041:
511:
Subordination plays a big role in Aweti speech and text. Nominal modification and predicate complementation are used through subordinatory phrases.
300:) the Awetí are confused with other central Brazilian groups such as the Arauine and Arauite, both extinct in the beginnings of the 20th century.
197:
main language of Brazil so a lot of Aweti people also speak
Portuguese especially the younger generation since that is what is spoken at school.
1761:
1649:
1350:
563:
231:(in accordance with the rules for representing indigenous names established by the Brazilian Anthropology Association, ABA), and the
637:
610:
503:
These are all the vowels that are used in Aweti. As is common in Tupian languages, each vowel has a plain and a nasal counterpart.
691:
665:(version 1.1.3 ed.). Berkeley: University of California: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages Digital Resource.
1034:
555:
New
Perspectives on Endangered Languages: Bridging Gaps Between Sociolinguistics, Documentation and Language Revitalization
938:
1273:
205:
The language can also be found under the forms Awety, Awetö, Aueto, Aueti, Auiti, Auití and Auetö, and similar variants.
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Aweti does not contain voiced stops, however the language does have stress. s and ʃ are replaced with ts.
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The Native
Languages of South America: Origins, Development, Typology
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48:
1019:
602:
The
Indigenous Languages of South America: A Comprehensive Guide
552:
Farfán, José Antonio Flores; Ramallo, Fernando F. (2010-01-01).
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582:
Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Twentieth edition
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663:The South American Phonological Inventory Database
579:Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2017).
626:O'Connor, Loretta; Muysken, Pieter (2014-03-20).
599:Campbell, Lyle; Grondona, Verónica (2012-01-27).
657:Lev, Michael; Stark, Tammy; Chang, Will (2012).
289:, graphical accent or not, sometimes also the
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235:, unknown in Portuguese, was substituted by
27:Endangered Tupian language spoken in Brazil
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585:. Dallas, Texas: SIL International.
1767:Languages of Xingu Indigenous Park
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659:"Phonological inventory of Awetí"
632:. Cambridge University Press.
1:
558:. John Benjamins Publishing.
1762:Endangered Tupian languages
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1452:Paulista General Language
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227:was later substituted by
188:Sociolinguistic situation
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538:(subscription required)
243:, or sometimes even by
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605:. Walter de Gruyter.
239:, less frequently by
59:Xingu Indigenous Park
929:Villas-Bôas brothers
924:Karl von den Steinen
201:Name of the language
182:European colonialism
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1467:
1450:
1443:
1393:
1386:Pai Tavytera
1308:Tupi–Guarani
1256:
1231:
1206:
1103:
1073:
1066:
1006:
999:
992:
972:Ronuro River
967:Jabotá River
662:
628:
621:
601:
581:
574:
554:
531:
523:
510:
502:
455:
435:Approximant
279:
273:
260:
253:
222:
211:
207:
204:
191:
169:
165:
163:
135:
104:
73:Aweti people
38:
1686:Wayampipukú
1149:Cinta Larga
977:Xingu River
962:Ferro River
176:of Central
63:Mato Grosso
1751:Categories
1607:(Jau-Navo)
1511:Tenetehara
1487:Tenetehara
1365:Paraguayan
1105:Kepkiriwát
898:Yamurikuma
872:Yawalapití
782:Yawalapiti
533:Ethnologue
515:References
507:Lexicality
398:Fricative
379:Affricate
324:Retroflex
309:Consonants
1736:indicate
1670:Takunyapé
1659:Emerillon
1621:Uru-Pa-In
1611:Kagwahiva
1517:Guajajara
1476:Potiguara
1463:Nheengatu
1264:Munduruku
1249:Munduruku
1233:Maritsauá
1081:Karitiâna
1075:Kabixiana
907:Explorers
888:Huka-huka
797:Languages
417:Tap/Flap
321:Alveolar
304:Phonology
137:Glottolog
121:ISO 639-3
69:Ethnicity
1650:Northern
1640:Kamayurá
1631:Kamayurá
1605:Karipuna
1525:Turiwára
1506:Tapirapé
1445:Old Tupi
1420:Pauserna
1202:Puruborá
1189:Ramarama
1184:Puruborá
847:Mehinaku
827:Kamayurá
822:Kalapalo
812:(Txikão)
757:Mehinako
732:Kamayurá
727:Kalapalo
333:Glottal
327:Palatal
194:Kamaiura
144:awet1244
1734:Italics
1681:Wayampi
1589:Kawahíb
1567:Araweté
1549:Amanayé
1425:Sirionó
1415:Guarayu
1406:Guarayu
1337:Chiripá
1331:Guarani
1317:Guarani
1258:Kuruaya
1144:Aruáshi
1111:Makurap
1099:Akuntsu
881:Rituals
852:Nahukwa
837:Kuikuro
818:(Yudja)
762:Nahukuá
747:Kuikuro
467:Vowels
318:Labial
1652:(VIII)
1616:Kayabi
1599:Apiaká
1555:Anambé
1496:Akwáwa
1469:Omagua
1458:Cocama
1344:Jopara
1239:Xipaya
1227:Juruna
1219:Yuruna
1126:Wayoró
1121:Tupari
1116:Mekens
1091:Tupari
1068:Arikem
1059:Arikem
1001:Kaurup
939:Rivers
893:Quarup
862:Trumai
842:Matipu
832:Kayabi
816:Juruna
810:Ikpeng
772:Trumai
752:Matipu
742:Kayapo
737:Kaiabi
722:Ikpeng
636:
609:
562:
460:Vowels
338:Nasal
330:Velar
178:Brazil
100:Tupian
55:Region
49:Brazil
1664:Guajá
1633:(VII)
1539:Xingu
1437:(III)
1380:Kaiwá
1298:Awetï
1208:Urumi
1169:Suruí
1164:Mondé
1136:Mondé
994:Xingu
986:Films
867:Waurá
805:Awetï
787:Yudjá
777:Wauja
717:Aweti
528:Awetí
488:ɔ ɔ̃
483:ɛ ɛ̃
475:ɨ ɨ̃
358:Stop
166:Awetí
157:Awetí
105:Awetí
33:Awetí
1691:Zo'é
1591:(VI)
1573:Aurá
1489:(IV)
1435:Tupi
1408:(II)
1395:Xeta
1358:Mbyá
1326:Aché
1282:Mawé
1197:Karo
1174:Zoro
857:Suyá
767:Suyá
634:ISBN
607:ISBN
560:ISBN
495:a ã
478:u ũ
472:i ĩ
412:(h)
384:t͡s
223:The
164:The
1541:(V)
1319:(I)
530:at
247:or
168:or
152:ELP
128:awe
1753::
661:.
591:^
544:^
448:w
445:j
440:l
426:ɾ
409:ɣ
387:ʐ
374:ʔ
371:k
364:t
361:p
351:ŋ
344:n
341:m
269:,
251:.
184:.
61:,
1186:–
1043:e
1036:t
1029:v
693:e
686:t
679:v
642:.
615:.
568:.
285:–
280:–
274:–
265:–
20:)
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