90:-type of impeller running in a casing. The pressure in an axial flow pump is developed by the flow of liquid over the blades of impeller. The fluid is pushed in a direction parallel to the shaft of the impeller, that is, fluid particles, in course of their flow through the pump, do not change their radial locations. It allows the fluid to enter the impeller axially and discharge the fluid nearly axially. The propeller of an axial flow pump is driven by a motor.
75:
923:
510:
953:
drainage and fisheries. Impeller designs have improved as well bringing even more efficiency and reducing energy costs to farming there. Earlier designs were less than two meters long but nowadays they can be up to 6 meters or more to enable them to more safely "reach out" to the water source while allowing the power source (many times
869:
31:
876:
The characteristics of an axial flow pump are shown in the figure. As shown in the figure, the head at the zero flow rate can be as much as three times the head at the pump's best efficiency point. Also, the power requirement increases as the flow decreases, with the highest power drawn at the zero
952:
In agriculture and fisheries very large horsepower AFPs are used to lift water for irrigation and drainage. In East Asia, millions of smaller horsepower (6-20 HP) mobile units are powered mostly by single cylinder diesel and petrol engines. They are used by smaller farmers for crop irrigation,
890:
The main advantage of an axial flow pump is that it has a relatively high discharge (flow rate) at a relatively low head (vertical distance). For example, it can pump up to 3 times more water and other fluids at lifts of less than 4 meters as compared to the more common radial-flow or
881:
where power requirement increases with an increase in the flow. Also the power requirements and pump head increases with an increase in pitch, thus allowing the pump to adjust according to the system conditions to provide the most efficient operation.
65:
Fluid particles, in course of their flow through the pump, do not change their radial locations since the change in radius at the entry (called 'suction') and the exit (called 'discharge') of the pump is very small. Hence the name "axial" pump.
937:. In power plants, they are used for pumping water from a reservoir, river, lake or sea for cooling the main condenser. In the chemical industry, they are used for the circulation of large masses of liquid, such as in
500:
655:
424:
207:
580:
774:
926:
Thai model 8 inch × 20 foot long axial flow pump powered by 12 horsepower two-wheel tractor lifting water from an irrigation canal into nearby rice fields via plastic flexible delivery pipe
342:
259:
838:
300:
129:
803:
704:
858:
724:
677:
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of the fluid is not too severe in an axial pump and the length of the impeller blades is also short. This leads to lower hydrodynamic losses and higher stage
589:
949:, an AFP is often used for internal mixed liquor recirculation (i.e. transferring nitrified mixed liquor from aeration zone to denitrification zone).
355:
62:
in the pipe or by electric motor or petrol/diesel engines mounted to the pipe from the outside or by a right-angle drive shaft that pierces the pipe.
914:. These pumps have the smallest of the dimensions among many of the conventional pumps and are more suited for low heads and higher discharges.
872:
Characteristic curve of an axial-flow pump. Red lines show the different performance at varying blade pitch, blue lines the absorbed power.
517:
In an axial flow pump, blades have an airfoil section over which the fluid flows and pressure is developed. For a constant flow, we have
431:
1086:
1059:
1032:
1005:
144:
930:
One of the most common applications of AFPs would be in handling sewage from commercial, municipal and industrial sources.
520:
659:
For constant energy transfer over the entire span of the blade, the above equation should be constant for all values of
729:
305:
214:
808:
137:
The machine may be fitted with pre-entry vanes to eliminate pre-rotation and to make the flow purely axial.
896:
267:
102:
779:
74:
1082:
1055:
1049:
1028:
1001:
954:
347:
79:
1022:
1076:
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are used) to be kept in safer, more stable positions, as shown in the adjacent picture.
1121:
1105:
SM Yahya "Turbines
Compressors and Fans, 3rd edition", Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 2005
971:
843:
709:
662:
59:
1115:
942:
131:) of the discharge velocity of the impeller and to convert the energy to pressure.
900:
428:
Therefore, the maximum energy transfer per unit weight by an axial flow pump =
17:
938:
911:
907:
1108:
A Valan Arasu "Turbo
Machines, 2nd edition", Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.
509:
87:
51:
55:
899:
at low-flow/high-pressure and high-flow/low-pressure by changing the
584:
So, the maximum energy transfer to the fluid per unit weight will be
868:
495:{\displaystyle U{\frac {(U-V_{\rm {f2}}\cot \beta _{\rm {2}})}{g}}}
30:
1048:
Merle C. Potter; David C. Wiggert & Bassem H. Ramadan (2011).
921:
867:
650:{\displaystyle U{\frac {(U-V_{\rm {f}}\cot \beta _{\rm {2}})}{g}}}
508:
73:
29:
99:
The fixed diffuser vanes are used to remove the whirl component (
966:
419:{\displaystyle V_{\rm {w2}}=U-V_{\rm {f2}}\cot \beta _{\rm {2}}}
47:
726:, therefore to maintain a constant value an equal increase in
58:) in a pipe. The propeller can be driven directly by a sealed
933:
In sailboats, AFPs are also used in transfer pumps used for
202:{\displaystyle U{\frac {(V_{\rm {w2}}-V_{\rm {w1}})}{g}}}
877:
flow rate. This characteristic is opposite to that of a
1081:(3 ed.). Tata McGraw-Hill Education. p. 9.
846:
811:
782:
732:
712:
685:
665:
592:
575:{\displaystyle V_{\rm {f1}}=V_{\rm {f2}}=V_{\rm {f}}}
523:
434:
358:
308:
270:
217:
147:
105:
860:. So, the blade is twisted as the radius changes.
852:
832:
797:
768:
718:
698:
671:
649:
574:
494:
418:
336:
294:
253:
201:
123:
769:{\displaystyle UV_{\rm {f}}\cot \beta _{\rm {2}}}
895:. It also can easily be adjusted to run at peak
27:Type of pump consisting of a propeller in a pipe
1054:(4th ed.). Cengage Learning. p. 609.
1027:(illustrated ed.). CRC Press. p. 59.
337:{\displaystyle \alpha _{\rm {1}}=90^{\circ }}
8:
513:The blades of an axial flow pump are twisted
845:
823:
822:
810:
788:
787:
781:
759:
758:
741:
740:
731:
711:
706:will increase with an increase in radius
690:
684:
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631:
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612:
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565:
564:
547:
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438:
433:
409:
408:
388:
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364:
363:
357:
328:
314:
313:
307:
276:
275:
269:
254:{\displaystyle U=U_{\rm {2}}=U_{\rm {1}}}
244:
243:
229:
228:
216:
180:
179:
162:
161:
151:
146:
141:Work done on the fluid per unit weight =
111:
110:
104:
1021:Rama S.R. Gorla; Aijaz A. Khan (2003).
988:
903:on the propeller (some models only).
833:{\displaystyle \cot \beta _{\rm {2}}}
134:The impeller vanes may be adjustable.
34:An axial-flow pump for industrial use
7:
1000:(2nd ed.). Vikas. p. 342.
789:
742:
614:
566:
548:
530:
456:
389:
365:
277:
181:
163:
112:
25:
1024:Turbomachinery Design and Theory
50:that essentially consists of a
638:
599:
483:
441:
295:{\displaystyle V_{\rm {w1}}=0}
190:
154:
1:
1078:Turbines Compressors and Fans
264:For maximum energy transfer,
840:must increase on increasing
124:{\displaystyle V_{\rm {w2}}}
798:{\displaystyle V_{\rm {f}}}
1138:
86:An axial flow pump has a
776:must take place. Since,
805:is constant, therefore
346:Therefore, from outlet
261:is the blade velocity.
996:A Valan Arasu (2012).
927:
873:
854:
834:
799:
770:
720:
700:
673:
651:
576:
514:
496:
420:
338:
296:
255:
203:
125:
83:
82:for an axial flow pump
46:, is a common type of
35:
925:
871:
855:
835:
800:
771:
721:
701:
699:{\displaystyle U^{2}}
674:
652:
577:
512:
497:
421:
339:
297:
256:
204:
126:
77:
33:
844:
809:
780:
730:
710:
683:
663:
590:
521:
432:
356:
306:
268:
215:
145:
103:
1051:Mechanics of Fluids
1075:S M Yahya (2005).
955:two-wheel tractors
928:
874:
850:
830:
795:
766:
716:
696:
669:
647:
572:
515:
492:
416:
334:
292:
251:
199:
121:
84:
36:
853:{\displaystyle r}
719:{\displaystyle r}
672:{\displaystyle r}
645:
490:
348:velocity triangle
197:
80:velocity triangle
16:(Redirected from
1129:
1093:
1092:
1072:
1066:
1065:
1045:
1039:
1038:
1018:
1012:
1011:
993:
977:Axial compressor
947:sewage treatment
893:centrifugal pump
879:centrifugal pump
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994:
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985:
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935:sailing ballast
920:
888:
866:
864:Characteristics
842:
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736:
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239:
224:
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175:
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106:
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100:
96:
72:
40:axial-flow pump
28:
23:
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18:Axial flow pump
15:
12:
11:
5:
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1125:
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1101:
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1095:
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998:Turbo Machines
987:
986:
984:
981:
980:
979:
974:
972:Specific Speed
969:
962:
959:
919:
916:
906:The effect of
887:
884:
865:
862:
849:
826:
821:
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196:
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186:
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139:
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135:
132:
117:
114:
109:
95:
92:
71:
68:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1134:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1090:
1088:9780070597709
1084:
1080:
1079:
1071:
1068:
1063:
1061:9780495667735
1057:
1053:
1052:
1044:
1041:
1036:
1034:9780203911600
1030:
1026:
1025:
1017:
1014:
1009:
1007:9789325960084
1003:
999:
992:
989:
982:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
964:
960:
958:
956:
950:
948:
944:
943:crystallizers
940:
936:
931:
924:
917:
915:
913:
909:
904:
902:
898:
894:
885:
883:
880:
870:
863:
861:
847:
824:
819:
815:
812:
784:
760:
755:
751:
748:
737:
733:
713:
691:
687:
666:
657:
642:
632:
627:
623:
620:
609:
605:
602:
593:
585:
582:
561:
557:
551:
543:
539:
533:
525:
511:
504:
502:
487:
477:
472:
468:
465:
459:
451:
447:
444:
435:
426:
410:
405:
401:
398:
392:
384:
380:
377:
374:
368:
360:
351:
349:
344:
329:
325:
321:
315:
310:
289:
286:
280:
272:
262:
245:
240:
236:
230:
225:
221:
218:
209:
194:
184:
176:
172:
166:
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148:
136:
133:
115:
107:
98:
97:
93:
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89:
81:
76:
69:
67:
63:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
32:
19:
1100:Bibliography
1077:
1070:
1050:
1043:
1023:
1016:
997:
991:
951:
932:
929:
918:Applications
912:efficiencies
905:
889:
875:
658:
586:
583:
516:
505:Blade design
427:
352:
345:
263:
210:
140:
85:
64:
43:
39:
37:
939:evaporators
302:, that is,
983:References
897:efficiency
886:Advantages
350:, we have
54:(an axial
820:β
816:
756:β
752:
628:β
624:
606:−
473:β
469:
448:−
406:β
402:
381:−
330:∘
311:α
173:−
88:propeller
70:Operation
52:propeller
1116:Category
961:See also
56:impeller
908:turning
679:. But,
1085:
1058:
1031:
1004:
211:where
1122:Pumps
945:. In
901:pitch
94:Notes
60:motor
42:, or
1083:ISBN
1056:ISBN
1029:ISBN
1002:ISBN
967:Pump
941:and
78:The
48:pump
813:cot
749:cot
621:cot
466:cot
399:cot
44:AFP
38:An
1118::
326:90
1091:.
1064:.
1037:.
1010:.
848:r
825:2
790:f
785:V
761:2
743:f
738:V
734:U
714:r
692:2
688:U
667:r
643:g
639:)
633:2
615:f
610:V
603:U
600:(
594:U
567:f
562:V
558:=
552:2
549:f
544:V
540:=
534:1
531:f
526:V
488:g
484:)
478:2
460:2
457:f
452:V
445:U
442:(
436:U
411:2
393:2
390:f
385:V
378:U
375:=
369:2
366:w
361:V
322:=
316:1
290:0
287:=
281:1
278:w
273:V
246:1
241:U
237:=
231:2
226:U
222:=
219:U
195:g
191:)
185:1
182:w
177:V
167:2
164:w
159:V
155:(
149:U
116:2
113:w
108:V
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
