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Azilestes

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4302: 332:, France. The specimen was found in the northeastern outcrops of the Grès de Labarre levels, northeast of the Mas-d’Azil, by surface prospecting in the area. The vertebrate-bearing level where it was found is a fossiliferous hard limestone, belonging to the upper unit of the Grès de Labarre which overlies the Marnes d’En locality. Together with the overlying "Marnes Rouges Inférieures" formation, an eastern lateral equivalent of the Marnes d'Auzas, it comprises the last Cretaceous deposits of the Sub-Pyrenean zone. 4308: 4315: 128: 4295: 2275:
Gheerbrant E. & Teodori D. 2021. — An enigmatic specialized new eutherian mammal from the Late Cretaceous of Western Europe (Northern Pyrenees), in Folie A., Buffetaut E., Bardet N., Houssaye A., Gheerbrant E. & Laurin M. (eds), Palaeobiology and palaeobiogeography of amphibians and reptiles:
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is rather large and located ventro-labially below and between the two roots of the fifth upper molar, as in most Cretaceous eutherians. The dentary preserves two damaged molars and four well-developed empty anterior alveoli, interpreted as corresponding to two-rooted fifth upper molar, and a
374:
of the fourth upper molar, and is very compact. The mandibular corpus is dorso-ventrally high, and labially inflated. It is convex below the molars, but below the premolars and the symphysis, it is concave. Its dorso-ventral depth decreases drastically at the length of the symphysis.
413:. However, the comparison of these two genera is limited due to the latter's poor preservation. Shared attributes include a possible hypocone, bunodont molar crowns with bulbous cusps, and a robust and deep mandibular corpus that is laterally convex. 2298:
Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Late Cretaceous, Europe)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 588-593.
366:, dated to the early Maastrichtian, is one of the most complete jaw remains of a eutherian reported from the Late Cretaceous of Europe. It preserves only part of the mandibular corpus, including the posterior part of the 2288:
L. A. Nessov, J. D. Archibald, and Z. Kielan-Jaworowska. 1998. Ungulate-like mammals from the Late Cretaceous of Uzbekistan and a phylogenetic analysis of Ungulatomorpha. Bulletin of Carnegie Museum of Natural History
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cusps and crowns, a shortened, robust dentary with reduced premolar formula, a small hypolophid and cingular-like postcristid and hypoconulid are unique among Cretaceous eutherians. The closest eutherian to
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The bunodont molars, the large postfossid and hypoconid, wear patterns, and the development of an interradicular crest and radicular grooves indicate a crushing-grinding function for
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single-rooted fourth upper molar and canine. Among Cretaceous eutherians, the molar morphology of the holotype most closely resembles the family
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molars, enlarged postfossids and hypoconids, an interradicular crest and radicular grooves, a unique combination among Cretaceous eutherians.
4412: 4301: 4427: 2335: 445:. While a position within the Zhelestidae is most likely, Gheerbrant and Teodori (2021) assume a basal position within the Eutheria. 2304: 326: 4307: 2217: 354:
is after Jean-Claude Rage, in tribute to his major contribution to the study of Cretaceous microvertebrates from Europe.
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being known. Only one specimen, the holotype described in 2021, is known. It consists of a partial dentary with teeth.
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was described by Emmanuel Gheerbrant and Dominique Teodori in 2021, and much of its anatomy was mapped using
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mammal, a family consisting of small herbivores, that was discovered in the early
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An homage to Jean-Claude Rage. Comptes Rendus Palevol 20 (13): 207-223.
2762: 490: 339: 286:, though phylogenetic analysis strongly suggests a position within the 96: 71: 2634: 2450: 2380: 2374: 2362: 1799: 662: 434: 283: 169: 149: 4328: 370:. The symphysis extends far posteriorly, close to the level of the 2181:
Only three non-avian dinosaurs are known to have coexisted with
342:. It was named for Mas-d'Azil, the type locality, and the Greek 4332: 2355: 2317: 437:, though all but the latter recover it as the sister genus to 2271: 2269: 2267: 2265: 2263: 2261: 2259: 2257: 2255: 2253: 2251: 2249: 2247: 2245: 2243: 2241: 2239: 2237: 2235: 2233: 2231: 2229: 448:
Below is a phylogeny from Gheerbrant & Teodori (2021):
2313: 387:, to which it is tentatively assigned. Zhelestids were non- 271:
of France. It is a monotypic genus, with only type species
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eutherians, and were specialized for a herbivorous diet.
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Phylogenetic analyses within the paper variably suggest
306:, a partial dentary with teeth, was discovered in the 362:
Though damaged and fragmentary, the sole specimen of
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Retrieved 2021-03-29. 18:Extinct genus of mammal 4380:Paleobiology Database 3191:Pseudorhyncocyonidae 368:mandibular symphysis 298:History of discovery 2196:Ampelosaurus atacis 278:Certain aspects of 4418:Fossils of France 4395: 4394: 4335:Taxon identifiers 4326: 4325: 4322: 4321: 4288: 4287: 4035:Prozalambdalestes 3826: 3825: 3700: 3699: 3355: 3354: 2523: 2522: 2519: 2518: 2504: 2503: 2500: 2499: 2496: 2495: 2162: 2161: 2153: 2152: 2144: 2143: 2135: 2134: 2126: 2125: 2117: 2116: 2108: 2107: 2099: 2098: 2090: 2089: 2081: 2080: 2072: 2071: 2063: 2062: 2054: 2053: 2045: 2044: 2036: 2035: 2027: 2026: 2018: 2017: 2009: 2008: 2000: 1999: 1991: 1990: 1945: 1944: 1936: 1935: 1927: 1926: 1918: 1917: 1820: 1819: 1811: 1810: 1723: 1722: 1714: 1713: 1633: 1632: 1576: 1575: 1567: 1566: 1558: 1557: 1549: 1548: 1499: 1498: 1363: 1362: 1354: 1353: 1273: 1272: 1264: 1263: 1183: 1182: 1109: 1108: 1100: 1099: 1091: 1090: 1082: 1081: 1073: 1072: 1064: 1063: 990: 989: 708: 707: 631: 630: 622: 621: 250: 249: 206: 4435: 4388: 4387: 4375: 4374: 4362: 4361: 4360: 4330: 4317: 4311: 4310: 4304: 4298: 4297: 4231: 4137:Kharmerungulatum 4068: 3991:Zalambdalestidae 3989: 3833: 3714: 3707: 3441: 3434: 3362: 3221:Pseudorhyncocyon 3160: 3153: 3123: 3065: 2893: 2828: 2747:Adapisoriculidae 2745: 2729: 2718: 2707: 2696: 2685: 2674: 2664: 2653: 2643: 2632: 2622: 2612: 2602: 2591: 2580: 2570: 2559: 2548: 2540: 2529: 2456: 2429: 2402: 2393: 2386: 2385: 2353: 2338: 2331: 2324: 2315: 2308: 2296: 2290: 2286: 2280: 2273: 2224: 2215: 2185:. These are the 1973: 1966: 1959: 1882: 1858: 1834: 1775: 1751: 1744: 1737: 1678: 1654: 1647: 1597: 1590: 1513: 1463: 1456: 1432: 1408: 1401: 1377: 1318: 1294: 1287: 1228: 1204: 1197: 1130: 1123: 1028: 1004: 954: 862: 821: 797: 770: 746: 722: 655: 648: 586: 562: 555: 531: 507: 483: 459: 452: 352:specific epithet 350:("robber"). The 241: 237: 201: 194: 181: 131: 130: 108: 38: 31:Temporal range: 23: 4443: 4442: 4438: 4437: 4436: 4434: 4433: 4432: 4398: 4397: 4396: 4391: 4383: 4378: 4370: 4365: 4356: 4355: 4350: 4337: 4327: 4318: 4305: 4292: 4284: 4250: 4224: 4061: 3982: 3822: 3803:Psittacotherium 3787:Stylinodontidae 3781: 3761: 3727: 3696: 3536: 3445:Paroxyclaenidae 3427: 3351: 3226: 3185: 3164:Gypsonictopidae 3146: 3134:Ferrequitherium 3116: 3058: 2886: 2830:Asioryctitheria 2821: 2738: 2536: 2515: 2492: 2472: 2445: 2418: 2387: 2358: 2357: 2347: 2342: 2312: 2311: 2297: 2293: 2287: 2283: 2274: 2227: 2221:fossilworks.org 2216: 2209: 2204: 2168: 2163: 2154: 2145: 2136: 2127: 2118: 2109: 2100: 2091: 2082: 2073: 2064: 2055: 2046: 2037: 2028: 2019: 2010: 2001: 1992: 1946: 1937: 1928: 1919: 1821: 1812: 1724: 1715: 1634: 1577: 1568: 1559: 1550: 1500: 1364: 1355: 1274: 1265: 1184: 1110: 1101: 1092: 1083: 1074: 1065: 991: 709: 632: 623: 429:which includes 419: 360: 308:Grès de Labarre 300: 290:. It possesses 246: 243: 239:Azilestes ragei 235: 234: 221: 200: 192: 179: 125: 117: 110:Late Cretaceous 107: 106: 105: 104: 99: 94: 89: 84: 79: 74: 69: 64: 59: 54: 49: 44: 33: 32: 29: 19: 12: 11: 5: 4441: 4439: 4431: 4430: 4425: 4420: 4415: 4410: 4400: 4399: 4393: 4392: 4390: 4389: 4376: 4363: 4347: 4345: 4339: 4338: 4333: 4324: 4323: 4320: 4319: 4291: 4289: 4286: 4285: 4283: 4282: 4275: 4268: 4260: 4258: 4252: 4251: 4249: 4248: 4247: 4246: 4237: 4235: 4226: 4225: 4223: 4222: 4215: 4208: 4200: 4193: 4190:Sheikhdzheilia 4186: 4179: 4171: 4163: 4155: 4148: 4140: 4133: 4126: 4119: 4112: 4105: 4097: 4090: 4083: 4074: 4072: 4063: 4062: 4060: 4059: 4052: 4045: 4042:Zalambdalestes 4038: 4031: 4024: 4017: 4010: 4003: 3995: 3993: 3984: 3983: 3981: 3980: 3973: 3966: 3959: 3952: 3945: 3938: 3931: 3924: 3917: 3910: 3903: 3896: 3889: 3882: 3875: 3868: 3861: 3854: 3847: 3839: 3837: 3828: 3827: 3824: 3823: 3821: 3820: 3813: 3806: 3799: 3791: 3789: 3783: 3782: 3780: 3779: 3771: 3769: 3767:Onychodectidae 3763: 3762: 3760: 3759: 3752: 3745: 3737: 3735: 3729: 3728: 3726: 3725: 3717: 3711: 3702: 3701: 3698: 3697: 3695: 3694: 3687: 3680: 3673: 3666: 3659: 3652: 3645: 3638: 3631: 3624: 3617: 3614:Cryptopithecus 3610: 3603: 3596: 3589: 3582: 3575: 3568: 3561: 3554: 3546: 3544: 3538: 3537: 3535: 3534: 3527: 3520: 3513: 3506: 3499: 3492: 3485: 3478: 3475:Kiinkerishella 3471: 3464: 3457: 3449: 3447: 3438: 3429: 3428: 3426: 3425: 3418: 3411: 3404: 3397: 3390: 3383: 3376: 3368: 3366: 3364:Palaeoryctidae 3357: 3356: 3353: 3352: 3350: 3349: 3342: 3335: 3328: 3321: 3314: 3307: 3300: 3293: 3286: 3279: 3272: 3265: 3258: 3251: 3244: 3236: 3234: 3228: 3227: 3225: 3224: 3217: 3210: 3203: 3195: 3193: 3187: 3186: 3184: 3183: 3176: 3168: 3166: 3157: 3148: 3147: 3145: 3144: 3137: 3129: 3127: 3125:Horolodectidae 3118: 3117: 3115: 3114: 3107: 3100: 3093: 3086: 3079: 3071: 3069: 3060: 3059: 3057: 3056: 3049: 3042: 3035: 3028: 3021: 3014: 3007: 3000: 2992: 2985: 2978: 2971: 2964: 2957: 2950: 2942: 2935: 2928: 2921: 2914: 2907: 2899: 2897: 2888: 2887: 2885: 2884: 2877: 2870: 2863: 2856: 2849: 2842: 2834: 2832: 2823: 2822: 2820: 2819: 2811: 2803: 2795: 2788: 2781: 2773: 2766: 2759: 2756:Adapisoriculus 2751: 2749: 2740: 2739: 2737: 2736: 2725: 2721:Prokennalestes 2714: 2703: 2692: 2681: 2670: 2660: 2649: 2639: 2628: 2618: 2615:Durlstotherium 2608: 2598: 2587: 2576: 2573:Bayshinoryctes 2566: 2555: 2551:Acristatherium 2543: 2537: 2532: 2525: 2524: 2521: 2520: 2517: 2516: 2509: 2506: 2505: 2502: 2501: 2498: 2497: 2494: 2493: 2491: 2490: 2489: 2488: 2482: 2480: 2474: 2473: 2471: 2470: 2469: 2468: 2459: 2453: 2447: 2446: 2444: 2443: 2442: 2441: 2432: 2426: 2420: 2419: 2417: 2416: 2415: 2414: 2405: 2399: 2389: 2388: 2384: 2383: 2377: 2371: 2365: 2356: 2349: 2348: 2343: 2341: 2340: 2333: 2326: 2318: 2310: 2309: 2291: 2281: 2225: 2206: 2205: 2203: 2200: 2167: 2164: 2160: 2159: 2156: 2155: 2151: 2150: 2147: 2146: 2142: 2141: 2138: 2137: 2133: 2132: 2129: 2128: 2124: 2123: 2120: 2119: 2115: 2114: 2111: 2110: 2106: 2105: 2102: 2101: 2097: 2096: 2093: 2092: 2088: 2087: 2084: 2083: 2079: 2078: 2075: 2074: 2070: 2069: 2066: 2065: 2061: 2060: 2057: 2056: 2052: 2051: 2048: 2047: 2043: 2042: 2039: 2038: 2034: 2033: 2030: 2029: 2025: 2024: 2021: 2020: 2016: 2015: 2012: 2011: 2007: 2006: 2003: 2002: 1998: 1997: 1994: 1993: 1989: 1988: 1985: 1984: 1976: 1971: 1969: 1964: 1962: 1957: 1955: 1952: 1951: 1948: 1947: 1943: 1942: 1939: 1938: 1934: 1933: 1930: 1929: 1925: 1924: 1921: 1920: 1916: 1915: 1912: 1911: 1902: 1899: 1898: 1895: 1894: 1890:Meniscotherium 1885: 1880: 1878: 1875: 1874: 1871: 1870: 1861: 1856: 1854: 1851: 1850: 1847: 1846: 1837: 1832: 1830: 1827: 1826: 1823: 1822: 1818: 1817: 1814: 1813: 1809: 1808: 1805: 1804: 1795: 1792: 1791: 1788: 1787: 1778: 1773: 1771: 1768: 1767: 1764: 1763: 1754: 1749: 1747: 1742: 1740: 1735: 1733: 1730: 1729: 1726: 1725: 1721: 1720: 1717: 1716: 1712: 1711: 1708: 1707: 1698: 1695: 1694: 1691: 1690: 1681: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1670: 1667: 1666: 1657: 1652: 1650: 1645: 1643: 1640: 1639: 1636: 1635: 1631: 1630: 1627: 1626: 1617: 1614: 1613: 1610: 1609: 1600: 1595: 1593: 1588: 1586: 1583: 1582: 1579: 1578: 1574: 1573: 1570: 1569: 1565: 1564: 1561: 1560: 1556: 1555: 1552: 1551: 1547: 1546: 1543: 1542: 1533: 1530: 1529: 1526: 1525: 1516: 1511: 1509: 1506: 1505: 1502: 1501: 1497: 1496: 1493: 1492: 1483: 1480: 1479: 1476: 1475: 1471:Zalambdalestes 1466: 1461: 1459: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1448: 1445: 1444: 1435: 1430: 1428: 1425: 1424: 1421: 1420: 1411: 1406: 1404: 1399: 1397: 1394: 1393: 1390: 1389: 1380: 1375: 1373: 1370: 1369: 1366: 1365: 1361: 1360: 1357: 1356: 1352: 1351: 1348: 1347: 1338: 1335: 1334: 1331: 1330: 1321: 1316: 1314: 1311: 1310: 1307: 1306: 1297: 1292: 1290: 1285: 1283: 1280: 1279: 1276: 1275: 1271: 1270: 1267: 1266: 1262: 1261: 1258: 1257: 1248: 1245: 1244: 1241: 1240: 1231: 1226: 1224: 1221: 1220: 1217: 1216: 1207: 1202: 1200: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1189: 1186: 1185: 1181: 1180: 1177: 1176: 1167: 1164: 1163: 1160: 1159: 1150: 1147: 1146: 1143: 1142: 1133: 1128: 1126: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1115: 1112: 1111: 1107: 1106: 1103: 1102: 1098: 1097: 1094: 1093: 1089: 1088: 1085: 1084: 1080: 1079: 1076: 1075: 1071: 1070: 1067: 1066: 1062: 1061: 1058: 1057: 1048: 1045: 1044: 1041: 1040: 1031: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1020: 1017: 1016: 1007: 1002: 1000: 997: 996: 993: 992: 988: 987: 984: 983: 974: 971: 970: 967: 966: 957: 952: 950: 947: 946: 943: 942: 933: 930: 929: 926: 925: 916: 913: 912: 909: 908: 899: 896: 895: 892: 891: 882: 879: 878: 875: 874: 865: 860: 858: 855: 854: 851: 850: 841: 838: 837: 834: 833: 824: 819: 817: 814: 813: 810: 809: 800: 795: 793: 787: 786: 783: 782: 773: 768: 766: 763: 762: 759: 758: 749: 744: 742: 739: 738: 735: 734: 725: 720: 718: 715: 714: 711: 710: 706: 705: 702: 701: 692: 689: 688: 685: 684: 680:Prokennalestes 675: 672: 671: 668: 667: 658: 653: 651: 646: 644: 638: 637: 634: 633: 629: 628: 625: 624: 620: 619: 616: 615: 606: 603: 602: 599: 598: 589: 584: 582: 579: 578: 575: 574: 570:Deltatheridium 565: 560: 558: 553: 551: 548: 547: 544: 543: 534: 529: 527: 524: 523: 520: 519: 510: 505: 503: 500: 499: 496: 495: 486: 481: 479: 476: 475: 472: 471: 462: 457: 455: 450: 418: 415: 380:mental foramen 378:The posterior 359: 356: 299: 296: 248: 247: 244: 230: 229: 223: 222: 214: 212: 208: 207: 190: 186: 185: 177: 173: 172: 167: 163: 162: 157: 153: 152: 147: 143: 142: 137: 133: 132: 119: 118: 102: 101: 100: 95: 90: 85: 80: 75: 70: 65: 60: 55: 50: 45: 40: 39: 30: 17: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4440: 4429: 4426: 4424: 4421: 4419: 4416: 4414: 4411: 4409: 4406: 4405: 4403: 4386: 4381: 4377: 4373: 4368: 4364: 4359: 4353: 4349: 4348: 4346: 4344: 4340: 4336: 4331: 4316: 4312: 4309: 4303: 4296: 4281: 4280: 4276: 4274: 4273: 4272:Boreoeutheria 4269: 4267: 4266: 4262: 4261: 4259: 4257: 4253: 4245: 4241: 4240: 4239: 4238: 4236: 4234: 4227: 4221: 4220: 4216: 4214: 4213: 4209: 4206: 4205: 4201: 4199: 4198: 4194: 4192: 4191: 4187: 4185: 4184: 4183:Parazhelestes 4180: 4177: 4176: 4175:Paranyctoides 4172: 4169: 4168: 4164: 4161: 4160: 4156: 4154: 4153: 4149: 4146: 4145: 4141: 4139: 4138: 4134: 4132: 4131: 4127: 4125: 4124: 4120: 4118: 4117: 4113: 4111: 4110: 4106: 4103: 4102: 4098: 4096: 4095: 4091: 4089: 4088: 4084: 4081: 4080: 4076: 4075: 4073: 4071: 4064: 4058: 4057: 4053: 4051: 4050: 4046: 4044: 4043: 4039: 4037: 4036: 4032: 4030: 4029: 4025: 4023: 4022: 4018: 4016: 4015: 4011: 4009: 4008: 4004: 4002: 4001: 3997: 3996: 3994: 3992: 3985: 3979: 3978: 3974: 3972: 3971: 3967: 3965: 3964: 3960: 3958: 3957: 3953: 3951: 3950: 3946: 3944: 3943: 3942:Plesiesthonyx 3939: 3937: 3936: 3932: 3930: 3929: 3928:Megalesthonyx 3925: 3923: 3922: 3918: 3916: 3915: 3911: 3909: 3908: 3904: 3902: 3901: 3897: 3895: 3894: 3890: 3888: 3887: 3883: 3881: 3880: 3876: 3874: 3873: 3869: 3867: 3866: 3862: 3860: 3859: 3855: 3853: 3852: 3848: 3846: 3845: 3841: 3840: 3838: 3836: 3829: 3819: 3818: 3814: 3812: 3811: 3807: 3805: 3804: 3800: 3798: 3797: 3793: 3792: 3790: 3788: 3784: 3778: 3777: 3773: 3772: 3770: 3768: 3764: 3758: 3757: 3753: 3751: 3750: 3746: 3744: 3743: 3739: 3738: 3736: 3734: 3730: 3724: 3723: 3719: 3718: 3715: 3712: 3710: 3703: 3693: 3692: 3688: 3686: 3685: 3681: 3679: 3678: 3674: 3672: 3671: 3667: 3665: 3664: 3660: 3658: 3657: 3653: 3651: 3650: 3646: 3644: 3643: 3639: 3637: 3636: 3632: 3630: 3629: 3625: 3623: 3622: 3618: 3616: 3615: 3611: 3609: 3608: 3604: 3602: 3601: 3597: 3595: 3594: 3590: 3588: 3587: 3583: 3581: 3580: 3576: 3574: 3573: 3569: 3567: 3566: 3562: 3560: 3559: 3555: 3553: 3552: 3548: 3547: 3545: 3543: 3542:Pantolestidae 3539: 3533: 3532: 3528: 3526: 3525: 3521: 3519: 3518: 3514: 3512: 3511: 3507: 3505: 3504: 3503:Paroxyclaenus 3500: 3498: 3497: 3496:Paraspaniella 3493: 3491: 3490: 3486: 3484: 3483: 3479: 3477: 3476: 3472: 3470: 3469: 3465: 3463: 3462: 3458: 3456: 3455: 3451: 3450: 3448: 3446: 3442: 3439: 3437: 3430: 3424: 3423: 3419: 3417: 3416: 3412: 3410: 3409: 3405: 3403: 3402: 3398: 3396: 3395: 3391: 3389: 3388: 3384: 3382: 3381: 3377: 3375: 3374: 3370: 3369: 3367: 3365: 3358: 3348: 3347: 3343: 3341: 3340: 3336: 3334: 3333: 3329: 3327: 3326: 3322: 3320: 3319: 3315: 3313: 3312: 3308: 3306: 3305: 3304:Myrmecoboides 3301: 3299: 3298: 3297:Megaleptictis 3294: 3292: 3291: 3287: 3285: 3284: 3280: 3278: 3277: 3273: 3271: 3270: 3266: 3264: 3263: 3259: 3257: 3256: 3252: 3250: 3249: 3245: 3243: 3242: 3238: 3237: 3235: 3233: 3229: 3223: 3222: 3218: 3216: 3215: 3211: 3209: 3208: 3204: 3202: 3201: 3200:Diaphyodectes 3197: 3196: 3194: 3192: 3188: 3182: 3181: 3177: 3175: 3174: 3170: 3169: 3167: 3165: 3161: 3158: 3156: 3149: 3143: 3142: 3138: 3136: 3135: 3131: 3130: 3128: 3126: 3119: 3113: 3112: 3108: 3106: 3105: 3101: 3099: 3098: 3094: 3092: 3091: 3087: 3085: 3084: 3080: 3078: 3077: 3076:Archaeoryctes 3073: 3072: 3070: 3068: 3067:Didymoconidae 3061: 3055: 3054: 3050: 3048: 3047: 3043: 3041: 3040: 3036: 3034: 3033: 3032:Protentomodon 3029: 3027: 3026: 3022: 3020: 3019: 3015: 3013: 3012: 3008: 3006: 3005: 3001: 2998: 2997: 2993: 2991: 2990: 2986: 2984: 2983: 2979: 2977: 2976: 2972: 2970: 2969: 2965: 2963: 2962: 2961:Chacopterygus 2958: 2956: 2955: 2951: 2948: 2947: 2943: 2941: 2940: 2936: 2934: 2933: 2929: 2927: 2926: 2922: 2920: 2919: 2915: 2913: 2912: 2908: 2906: 2905: 2904:Aboletylestes 2901: 2900: 2898: 2896: 2889: 2883: 2882: 2878: 2876: 2875: 2871: 2869: 2868: 2867:Sasayamamylos 2864: 2862: 2861: 2857: 2855: 2854: 2850: 2848: 2847: 2843: 2841: 2840: 2836: 2835: 2833: 2831: 2824: 2817: 2816: 2812: 2809: 2808: 2804: 2801: 2800: 2796: 2794: 2793: 2789: 2787: 2786: 2782: 2779: 2778: 2777:Deccanolestes 2774: 2772: 2771: 2767: 2765: 2764: 2760: 2758: 2757: 2753: 2752: 2750: 2748: 2741: 2734: 2733: 2726: 2723: 2722: 2715: 2712: 2711: 2704: 2701: 2700: 2699:Montanalestes 2693: 2690: 2689: 2688:Microtherulum 2682: 2679: 2678: 2671: 2669: 2668: 2667:Indoclemensia 2661: 2658: 2657: 2650: 2648: 2647: 2640: 2637: 2636: 2629: 2627: 2626: 2619: 2617: 2616: 2609: 2607: 2606: 2599: 2596: 2595: 2588: 2585: 2584: 2577: 2575: 2574: 2567: 2564: 2563: 2556: 2553: 2552: 2545: 2544: 2541: 2538: 2535: 2530: 2526: 2514: 2513: 2507: 2486: 2485: 2484: 2483: 2481: 2479: 2475: 2467: 2463: 2462: 2461: 2460: 2457: 2454: 2452: 2448: 2440: 2436: 2435: 2434: 2433: 2430: 2427: 2425: 2421: 2413: 2409: 2408: 2407: 2406: 2403: 2400: 2398: 2394: 2390: 2382: 2378: 2376: 2372: 2370: 2366: 2364: 2360: 2359: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2339: 2334: 2332: 2327: 2325: 2320: 2319: 2316: 2306: 2305:0-520-24209-2 2302: 2295: 2292: 2285: 2282: 2279: 2272: 2270: 2268: 2266: 2264: 2262: 2260: 2258: 2256: 2254: 2252: 2250: 2248: 2246: 2244: 2242: 2240: 2238: 2236: 2234: 2232: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2219: 2214: 2212: 2208: 2201: 2199: 2197: 2193: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2179: 2177: 2173: 2166:Palaeoecology 2165: 2158: 2157: 2149: 2148: 2140: 2139: 2131: 2130: 2122: 2121: 2113: 2112: 2104: 2103: 2095: 2094: 2086: 2085: 2077: 2076: 2068: 2067: 2059: 2058: 2050: 2049: 2041: 2040: 2032: 2031: 2023: 2022: 2014: 2013: 2005: 2004: 1996: 1995: 1987: 1986: 1983: 1982: 1975: 1974: 1968: 1967: 1961: 1960: 1954: 1953: 1950: 1949: 1941: 1940: 1932: 1931: 1923: 1922: 1914: 1913: 1910: 1909: 1908: 1901: 1900: 1897: 1896: 1893: 1892: 1891: 1884: 1883: 1877: 1876: 1873: 1872: 1869: 1868: 1867: 1860: 1859: 1853: 1852: 1849: 1848: 1845: 1844: 1843: 1836: 1835: 1829: 1828: 1825: 1824: 1816: 1815: 1807: 1806: 1803: 1802: 1801: 1794: 1793: 1790: 1789: 1786: 1785: 1784: 1777: 1776: 1770: 1769: 1766: 1765: 1762: 1761: 1760: 1753: 1752: 1746: 1745: 1739: 1738: 1732: 1731: 1728: 1727: 1719: 1718: 1710: 1709: 1706: 1705: 1704: 1697: 1696: 1693: 1692: 1689: 1688: 1687: 1686:Protungulatum 1680: 1679: 1673: 1672: 1669: 1668: 1665: 1664: 1663: 1656: 1655: 1649: 1648: 1642: 1641: 1638: 1637: 1629: 1628: 1625: 1624: 1623: 1616: 1615: 1612: 1611: 1608: 1607: 1606: 1599: 1598: 1592: 1591: 1585: 1584: 1581: 1580: 1572: 1571: 1563: 1562: 1554: 1553: 1545: 1544: 1541: 1540: 1539: 1532: 1531: 1528: 1527: 1524: 1523: 1522: 1515: 1514: 1508: 1507: 1504: 1503: 1495: 1494: 1491: 1490: 1489: 1482: 1481: 1478: 1477: 1474: 1473: 1472: 1465: 1464: 1458: 1457: 1451: 1450: 1447: 1446: 1443: 1442: 1441: 1434: 1433: 1427: 1426: 1423: 1422: 1419: 1418: 1417: 1410: 1409: 1403: 1402: 1396: 1395: 1392: 1391: 1388: 1387: 1386: 1385:Deccanolestes 1379: 1378: 1372: 1371: 1368: 1367: 1359: 1358: 1350: 1349: 1346: 1345: 1344: 1337: 1336: 1333: 1332: 1329: 1328: 1327: 1320: 1319: 1313: 1312: 1309: 1308: 1305: 1304: 1303: 1296: 1295: 1289: 1288: 1282: 1281: 1278: 1277: 1269: 1268: 1260: 1259: 1256: 1255: 1254: 1247: 1246: 1243: 1242: 1239: 1238: 1237: 1230: 1229: 1223: 1222: 1219: 1218: 1215: 1214: 1213: 1206: 1205: 1199: 1198: 1192: 1191: 1188: 1187: 1179: 1178: 1175: 1174: 1173: 1166: 1165: 1162: 1161: 1158: 1157: 1156: 1149: 1148: 1145: 1144: 1141: 1140: 1139: 1132: 1131: 1125: 1124: 1118: 1117: 1114: 1113: 1105: 1104: 1096: 1095: 1087: 1086: 1078: 1077: 1069: 1068: 1060: 1059: 1056: 1055: 1054: 1047: 1046: 1043: 1042: 1039: 1038: 1037: 1030: 1029: 1023: 1022: 1019: 1018: 1015: 1014: 1013: 1006: 1005: 999: 998: 995: 994: 986: 985: 982: 981: 980: 973: 972: 969: 968: 965: 964: 963: 956: 955: 949: 948: 945: 944: 941: 940: 939: 932: 931: 928: 927: 924: 923: 922: 915: 914: 911: 910: 907: 906: 905: 904:Parazhelestes 898: 897: 894: 893: 890: 889: 888: 881: 880: 877: 876: 873: 872: 871: 864: 863: 857: 856: 853: 852: 849: 848: 847: 840: 839: 836: 835: 832: 831: 830: 823: 822: 816: 815: 812: 811: 808: 807: 806: 805:Sheikhdheilia 799: 798: 792: 789: 788: 785: 784: 781: 780: 779: 778:Paranyctoides 772: 771: 765: 764: 761: 760: 757: 756: 755: 754:Montanalestes 748: 747: 741: 740: 737: 736: 733: 732: 731: 724: 723: 717: 716: 713: 712: 704: 703: 700: 699: 698: 691: 690: 687: 686: 683: 682: 681: 674: 673: 670: 669: 666: 665: 664: 657: 656: 650: 649: 643: 640: 639: 636: 635: 627: 626: 618: 617: 614: 613: 612: 605: 604: 601: 600: 597: 596: 595: 588: 587: 581: 580: 577: 576: 573: 572: 571: 564: 563: 557: 556: 550: 549: 546: 545: 542: 541: 540: 539:Kielantherium 533: 532: 526: 525: 522: 521: 518: 517: 516: 509: 508: 502: 501: 498: 497: 494: 493: 492: 485: 484: 478: 477: 474: 473: 470: 469: 468: 461: 460: 454: 453: 449: 446: 444: 443:Lainodontinae 440: 436: 432: 428: 424: 416: 414: 412: 411: 407:identity, is 406: 403:, assuming a 402: 397: 392: 390: 386: 381: 376: 373: 369: 365: 357: 355: 353: 349: 345: 341: 337: 333: 331: 328: 324: 321: 317: 313: 309: 305: 297: 295: 293: 289: 285: 281: 276: 274: 270: 267: 266:Maastrichtian 263: 260: 256: 255: 242: 240: 231: 228: 227:Binomial name 224: 220: 219: 218:A. ragei 213: 210: 209: 205: 199: 198: 191: 188: 187: 184: 178: 175: 174: 171: 168: 165: 164: 161: 158: 155: 154: 151: 148: 145: 144: 141: 138: 135: 134: 129: 124: 120: 115: 114:Maastrichtian 111: 98: 93: 88: 83: 78: 73: 68: 63: 58: 53: 48: 43: 37: 28: 24: 21: 16: 4342: 4299: 4277: 4270: 4263: 4217: 4210: 4204:Valentinella 4202: 4195: 4188: 4181: 4173: 4165: 4159:Mistralestes 4157: 4150: 4144:Khuduklestes 4142: 4135: 4128: 4121: 4114: 4107: 4100: 4099: 4094:Avitotherium 4092: 4085: 4077: 4054: 4049:Zhangolestes 4047: 4040: 4033: 4026: 4019: 4012: 4005: 3998: 3975: 3968: 3961: 3954: 3947: 3940: 3935:Meiostylodon 3933: 3926: 3919: 3914:Kuanchuanius 3912: 3905: 3898: 3891: 3884: 3877: 3872:Chungchienia 3870: 3863: 3856: 3849: 3842: 3815: 3808: 3801: 3794: 3776:Onychodectes 3774: 3754: 3747: 3742:Conoryctella 3740: 3733:Conoryctidae 3722:Schowalteria 3720: 3689: 3682: 3675: 3668: 3663:Palaeosinopa 3661: 3654: 3647: 3640: 3635:Gobipithecus 3633: 3626: 3619: 3612: 3605: 3598: 3591: 3584: 3577: 3570: 3563: 3556: 3549: 3529: 3522: 3515: 3508: 3501: 3494: 3487: 3480: 3473: 3466: 3459: 3452: 3420: 3415:Palaeoryctes 3413: 3406: 3399: 3392: 3385: 3378: 3371: 3344: 3337: 3330: 3323: 3316: 3309: 3302: 3295: 3288: 3281: 3274: 3267: 3260: 3253: 3246: 3239: 3219: 3212: 3207:Leptictidium 3205: 3198: 3178: 3173:Gypsonictops 3171: 3141:Horolodectes 3139: 3132: 3109: 3104:Kennatherium 3102: 3095: 3088: 3081: 3074: 3051: 3044: 3039:Puercolestes 3037: 3030: 3023: 3016: 3009: 3002: 2994: 2989:Ilerdoryctes 2987: 2980: 2973: 2966: 2959: 2952: 2944: 2937: 2930: 2923: 2916: 2909: 2902: 2895:Cimolestidae 2881:Ukhaatherium 2879: 2874:Uchkudukodon 2872: 2865: 2858: 2851: 2844: 2837: 2813: 2807:Sahnitherium 2805: 2797: 2790: 2783: 2775: 2768: 2761: 2754: 2730: 2719: 2710:Murtoilestes 2708: 2697: 2686: 2675: 2665: 2656:Hyotheridium 2654: 2644: 2633: 2623: 2613: 2603: 2592: 2581: 2571: 2560: 2549: 2510: 2294: 2284: 2220: 2195: 2189: 2187:rhabdodontid 2182: 2180: 2171: 2169: 1978: 1905: 1904: 1888: 1887: 1864: 1863: 1840: 1839: 1798: 1797: 1781: 1780: 1757: 1756: 1701: 1700: 1684: 1683: 1660: 1659: 1620: 1619: 1605:Gypsonictops 1603: 1602: 1538:Mistralestes 1536: 1535: 1519: 1518: 1486: 1485: 1469: 1468: 1440:Zhangolestes 1438: 1437: 1414: 1413: 1383: 1382: 1343:Ukhaatherium 1341: 1340: 1324: 1323: 1300: 1299: 1251: 1250: 1234: 1233: 1210: 1209: 1170: 1169: 1153: 1152: 1136: 1135: 1052: 1051: 1050: 1036:Valentinella 1034: 1033: 1010: 1009: 977: 976: 960: 959: 936: 935: 919: 918: 902: 901: 887:Avitotherium 885: 884: 868: 867: 844: 843: 827: 826: 803: 802: 776: 775: 752: 751: 728: 727: 697:Murtoilestes 695: 694: 678: 677: 661: 660: 609: 608: 592: 591: 568: 567: 537: 536: 513: 512: 489: 488: 465: 464: 447: 439:Valentinella 438: 422: 420: 410:Valentinella 408: 400: 393: 377: 363: 361: 347: 343: 335: 334: 303: 301: 279: 277: 272: 253: 252: 251: 238: 233: 217: 216: 196: 195: 26: 20: 15: 4408:Zhelestidae 4256:Placentalia 4130:Gallolestes 4123:Eozhelestes 4116:Eoungulatum 4087:Aspanlestes 4070:Zhelestidae 4056:Zofialestes 4014:Barunlestes 4007:Anchilestes 3949:Plethorodon 3900:Higotherium 3879:Dysnoetodon 3835:Tillodontia 3756:Huerfanodon 3709:Taeniodonta 3691:Todralestes 3670:Pantolestes 3586:Bouffinomus 3572:Bisonalveus 3565:Bessoecetor 3531:Vulpavoides 3394:Lainoryctes 3380:Aceroryctes 3373:Aaptoryctes 3332:Prodiacodon 3318:Palaeictops 3290:Leptonysson 3255:Gallolestes 3232:Leptictidae 3111:Zeuctherium 3090:Didymoconus 3046:Scollardius 3025:Procerberus 2975:Didelphodus 2860:Kennalestes 2846:Bulaklestes 2815:Wyonycteris 2785:Garatherium 2732:Sinodelphys 2646:Hovurlestes 2625:Endotherium 2594:Cokotherium 2178:lifestyle. 2176:durophagous 1981:Placentalia 1662:Purgatorius 1488:Barunlestes 1302:Kennalestes 1138:Bulaklestes 1012:Eoungulatum 979:Gallolestes 921:Aspanlestes 870:Eozhelestes 791:Zhelestidae 611:Pucadelphys 385:Zhelestidae 358:Description 340:CT scanning 314:, near the 288:Zhelestidae 183:Zhelestidae 34:70–66  4402:Categories 4358:Q106610566 4265:Afrotheria 4244:Pantodonta 4233:Pantodonta 4212:Zhalmousia 4021:Beleutinus 4000:Alymlestes 3977:Yuesthonyx 3921:Lofochaius 3907:Interogale 3893:Franchaius 3810:Stylinodon 3749:Conoryctes 3677:Pentacodon 3628:Galethylax 3607:Coriphagus 3593:Buxolestes 3558:Aphronorus 3461:Euhookeria 3436:Pantolesta 3422:Pinoryctes 3408:Ottoryctes 3339:Protictops 3325:Praolestes 3262:Ictopidium 3241:Amphigyion 3155:Leptictida 3097:Hunanictis 3083:Ardynictis 3018:Pararyctes 3011:Paleotomus 2968:Cimolestes 2939:Bagalestes 2925:Ambilestes 2839:Asioryctes 2792:Namibiodon 2605:Durlstodon 2583:Bobolestes 2562:Ambolestes 2487:see below↓ 2439:Cynodontia 2424:Cynodontia 2379:Subclass: 2202:References 1907:Phenacodus 1842:Diacodexis 1521:Alymlestes 1326:Asioryctes 1212:Cimolestes 1172:Uchkududon 730:Bobolestes 594:Mayulestes 515:Vinceletes 467:Nanolestes 431:solenodons 323:department 316:Mas-d’Azil 4343:Azilestes 4279:Xenarthra 4219:Zhelestes 4197:Sorlestes 4109:Borisodon 4101:Azilestes 4028:Kulbeckia 3956:Simplodon 3844:Adapidium 3817:Wortmania 3796:Ectoganus 3656:Pagonomus 3642:Kochictis 3621:Dyspterna 3600:Chadronia 3551:Amaramnis 3524:Spaniella 3517:Sororodon 3510:Pugiodens 3482:Kopidodon 3468:Fratrodon 3311:Ongghonia 3283:Leptictis 3248:Blacktops 3053:Tsaganius 2996:Maelestes 2982:Gelastops 2932:Avunculus 2918:Alveugena 2853:Daulestes 2799:Remiculus 2412:Synapsida 2397:Synapsida 2361:Kingdom: 2191:Rhabdodon 2183:Azilestes 2172:Azilestes 1866:Hyopsodus 1759:Arctocyon 1703:Oxyprimus 1622:Leptictis 1416:Kulbeckia 1236:Maelestes 1155:Daulestes 1053:Azilestes 962:Borisodon 938:Zhelestes 423:Azilestes 405:zhelestid 401:Azilestes 389:placental 364:Azilestes 336:Azilestes 327:Occitanie 304:Azilestes 280:Azilestes 262:eutherian 259:zhelestid 254:Azilestes 211:Species: 197:Azilestes 146:Kingdom: 140:Eukaryota 27:Azilestes 4372:11179784 4352:Wikidata 4167:Oxlestes 4152:Lainodon 4079:Alostera 3970:Trogosus 3963:Tillodon 3886:Esthonyx 3858:Basalina 3851:Azygonyx 3684:Thelysia 3489:Merialus 3454:Dulcidon 3401:Nuryctes 3387:Eoryctes 3276:Lainodon 3214:Phakodon 3180:Sikuomys 3004:Naranius 2954:Betonnia 2911:Acmeodon 2770:Bustylus 2677:Juramaia 2534:Eutheria 2512:Eutheria 2478:Eutheria 2466:Mammalia 2451:Mammalia 2375:Mammalia 2369:Chordata 2367:Phylum: 2363:Animalia 2345:Eutheria 2289:34:40-88 1783:Vulpavus 846:Alostera 829:Lainodon 642:Eutheria 427:polytomy 417:Taxonomy 396:bunodont 372:alveolus 312:Pyrenees 292:bunodont 273:A. ragei 176:Family: 170:Mammalia 160:Chordata 156:Phylum: 150:Animalia 136:Domain: 3865:Benaius 2946:Batodon 2763:Afrodon 2373:Class: 1979:extant 1253:Batodon 491:Peramus 318:of the 236:† 215:† 189:Genus: 166:Class: 103:↓ 4385:434777 3579:Bogdia 2635:Eomaia 2381:Theria 2303:  2194:, cf. 1800:Miacis 663:Eomaia 435:Glires 348:lestes 344:λῃστήσ 330:region 320:Ariège 284:Glires 3649:Oboia 3346:Wania 3269:Labes 346:, or 4367:GBIF 4242:see 2464:see 2437:see 2410:see 2301:ISBN 394:The 204:2021 42:PreꞒ 325:in 4404:: 4382:: 4369:: 4354:: 2228:^ 2210:^ 92:Pg 36:Ma 4230:† 4207:? 4178:? 4170:? 4162:? 4147:? 4104:? 4082:? 4067:† 3988:† 3832:† 3706:† 3433:† 3361:† 3152:† 3122:† 3064:† 2999:? 2949:? 2892:† 2827:† 2818:? 2810:? 2802:? 2780:? 2744:† 2735:? 2728:† 2724:? 2717:† 2713:? 2706:† 2702:? 2695:† 2691:? 2684:† 2680:? 2673:† 2663:† 2659:? 2652:† 2642:† 2638:? 2631:† 2621:† 2611:† 2601:† 2597:? 2590:† 2586:? 2579:† 2569:† 2565:? 2558:† 2554:? 2547:† 2337:e 2330:t 2323:v 2307:. 193:† 180:† 116:) 112:( 97:N 87:K 82:J 77:T 72:P 67:C 62:D 57:S 52:O 47:Ꞓ

Index

Ma
PreꞒ

O
S
D
C
P
T
J
K
Pg
N
Late Cretaceous
Maastrichtian
Scientific classification
Edit this classification
Eukaryota
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Zhelestidae
Azilestes
2021
Binomial name
zhelestid
eutherian
Maastrichtian
Grès de Labarre Formation
Glires

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