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mass estimate fully consistent with the ΛCDM cosmology. However, the claims of consistency with ΛCDM were shown to be due to the assumption of a very low collision velocity that is not supported by any hydrodynamical simulations, not because of the slightly reduced mass estimate, which by itself does not solve the problem.
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of cosmology because it is hard to reconcile ΛCDM's model of galaxy formation with the combination of how early El Gordo is observed in cosmic history, its large mass, and its high collision velocity. It was argued that later more accurate measurements have rejected this claim and led to a smaller
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observed at its distance or beyond, as of 2011. As of 2014, it held the record for being the largest distant galaxy cluster to have been discovered with a mass of slightly less than three quadrillion
265:, colliding at several million kilometers per hour. These observations (using X-ray data and other characteristics) suggest that El Gordo most probably formed in the same manner as the
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This galaxy cluster, officially named as, 'ACT-CL J0102-4915', has been given a 'nickname' by the researchers as 'El Gordo', which stands for "the Fat One" or "the Big One" in
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Kim, Jinhyub; Jee, M. James; Hughes, John P.; Yoon, Mijin; HyeongHan, Kim; Menanteau, Felipe; Sifón, Cristóbal; Hovey, Luke; Arunachalam, Prasiddha (2021-12-01).
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700:"A massive blow for ΛCDM – the high redshift, mass, and collision velocity of the interacting galaxy cluster El Gordo contradicts concordance cosmology"
491:"Head-to-Toe Measurement of El Gordo: Improved Analysis of the Galaxy Cluster ACT-CL J0102–4915 with New Wide-field Hubble Space Telescope Imaging Data"
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El Gordo (ACT-CL J0102-4915): NASA's
Chandra Finds Largest Galaxy Cluster in Early Universe
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Galaxy cluster ACT-CL J0102-4915 contains the mass of about two million billion suns.
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It was claimed that this interacting cluster presents problems for the conventional
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762:"The El Gordo galaxy cluster challenges ΛCDM for any plausible collision velocity"
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El Gordo consists of two separate galaxy subclusters colliding at several million
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Findings and results on 'El Gordo' were announced at the 219th meeting of
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This video shows the distant merging galaxy cluster ACT-CL J0102−4915.
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588:"Monster Galaxy Cluster 'El Gordo' Packs Mass of 2 Quadrillion Suns"
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674:"El Gordo akin to the well-known object called the Bullet Cluster"
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Asencio, Elena; Banik, Indranil; Kroupa, Pavel (September 2023).
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Asencio, Elena; Banik, Indranil; Kroupa, Pavel (February 2021).
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El Gordo akin to the well-known object called the Bullet
Cluster
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562:"NASA's Chandra Finds Largest Galaxy Cluster in Early Universe"
543:'Fat' galaxy cluster discovered 7 billion light-years away
475:"Monster "El Gordo" Galaxy Cluster is Bigger Than Thought"
428:"Monster "El Gordo" Galaxy Cluster is Bigger Than Thought"
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El Gordo most probably formed just like the Blue
Cluster
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El Gordo is made up of two separate galaxy subclusters
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253:Findings from the European Southern Observatory's
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426:Boen, Brooke; Dunbar, Brian (16 April 2014).
384:Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg
269:(which is located 4 billion light-years from
191:although later its mass was reduced to about
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638:"El Gordo: A 'fat' distant galaxy cluster"
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94:−49° 14′ 58.0″
870:El Gordo: A 'Fat' Distant Galaxy Cluster
464:, 10 January 2012 (accessed 7 July 2012)
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27:Largest distant galaxy cluster observed
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403:. NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database.
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745:: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (
586:Choi, Charles (January 10, 2012).
339:List of galaxy groups and clusters
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315:Hubble image of ACT-CL J0102-4915
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327:JWST image of ACT-CL J0102-4915
841:ESA/Hubble Picture of the Week
1:
837:"Hubble weighs "the fat one""
243:American Astronomical Society
217:European Southern Observatory
927:Phoenix in Chinese astronomy
414:Guinness World Records 2014
213:National Science Foundation
209:Atacama Cosmology Telescope
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766:The Astrophysical Journal
495:The Astrophysical Journal
455:"El Gordo Galaxy Cluster"
259:Chandra X-ray Observatory
205:Chandra X-ray Observatory
183:) is the largest distant
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37:
922:List of stars in Phoenix
911:Constellation of Phoenix
812:"A gargantuan collision"
789:10.3847/1538-4357/ace62a
518:10.3847/1538-4357/ac294f
1777:Phoenix (constellation)
865:El Gordo Galaxy Cluster
816:www.spacetelescope.org
726:10.1093/mnras/staa3441
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255:Very Large Telescope
221:Very Large Telescope
46:kilometres per hour.
401:"SPT-CL J0102-4915"
624:2017-08-16 at the
548:2017-08-16 at the
460:2012-01-13 at the
263:galaxy subclusters
245:in Austin, Texas.
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109:Other designations
52:Observation data (
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277:El Gordo and ΛCDM
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16:(Redirected from
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1772:2012 in science
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374:"NAME El Gordo"
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741:cite journal
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1469:WD 2359-434
416:, Page 030.
232:light-years
173:The Fat One
90:Declination
83:01 02 52.50
1761:Categories
1487:Exoplanets
979:ζ (Wurren)
779:2308.00744
772:(2): 162.
731:7 February
717:2012.03950
684:2012-01-11
572:2012-01-11
508:2106.00031
501:(1): 101.
351:References
344:RCS2 J2327
215:) and the
1510:HD 8535 b
1505:HD 6434 b
1500:HD 2039 b
1429:BPM 30551
1424:CD-44 170
954:α (Ankaa)
821:8 January
798:0004-637X
601:April 13,
596:Space.com
592:Space.com
527:0004-637X
145:0102-4915
130:0102-4915
1748:Category
1718:El Gordo
1544:Galaxies
1530:WASP-96b
1525:WASP-18b
1495:HD 142 b
1079:Variable
846:10 April
622:Archived
616:CNN News
546:Archived
540:CNN News
458:Archived
439:17 April
333:See also
257:and the
169:El Gordo
100:Redshift
1520:WASP-5b
1515:WASP-4b
1464:WASP-96
1459:WASP-29
1454:WASP-18
1439:NGC 405
290:Gallery
228:Spanish
71:Phoenix
57:J2000.0
1449:WASP-5
1444:WASP-4
1408:224782
1403:223549
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453:NASA,
379:SIMBAD
207:, the
171:(lit.
141:
126:
1685:Other
1417:Other
1398:13387
1393:13218
1388:11421
946:Bayer
937:Stars
774:arXiv
712:arXiv
503:arXiv
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236:Earth
234:from
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848:2014
823:2018
794:ISSN
747:link
733:2021
603:2017
523:ISSN
441:2014
433:NASA
201:NASA
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722:doi
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193:2.1
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