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produced from hitting a key. He refined the design to remove the need to push a separate button with every keypress, with two switches on every key: one to produce the control voltage determining pitch and the other to trigger the envelope generator. The envelope generator became a standard feature
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describes how a sound changes over time. For example, a piano key, when struck and held, creates a near-immediate initial sound which gradually decreases in volume to zero. An envelope may relate to elements such as
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A common feature on many synthesizers is an AD envelope (attack and decay only). This can be used to control, for example, the pitch of one oscillator, which in turn may be synchronized with another oscillator by
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to zero then, during the decay phase, rises to the value specified by the sustain parameter. After the key has been released the sound parameter rises from sustain amplitude back to maximum amplitude.
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Some electronic musical instruments can invert the ADSR envelope, reversing the behavior of the normal ADSR envelope. During the attack phase, the modulated sound parameter fades from the maximum
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parameter controls how long the envelope stays at full volume before entering the decay phase. Multiple attack, decay and release settings may be found on more sophisticated models.
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Another common variation in the same vein is the AHDSR (attack, hold, decay, sustain, release) envelope, in which the
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suggested Moog find a way to articulate his synthesizer so notes did not simply trigger on and off. Moog wired a
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The most common kind of envelope generator has four stages: attack, decay, sustain, and release (ADSR).
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is the time taken for the level to reduce from the attack level to the sustain level.
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While attack, decay, and release refer to time, sustain refers to level.
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Analog Days: The
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is the time taken for the rise of the level from nil to peak.
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The envelope generator was created by the
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Following discussions with the engineer and composer
464:"How to use basic ADSR filter envelope parameters"
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30:"Sustain" redirects here. For other uses, see
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493:. H. Leonard Books. 1987. p. 64.
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111:Development
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468:MusicRadar
382:References
318:sound chip
311:Korg MS-20
351:FL Studio
280:amplitude
145:capacitor
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513:Category
365:See also
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76:samplers
49:envelope
206:Release
200:Sustain
149:voltage
96:release
92:sustain
58:filters
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194:Decay
88:decay
62:pitch
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171:ADSR
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