406:. Under threat by the US government of receiving no payment for his proprietary rotary-wing technology, Pitcairn reduced royalties for 19 in-house patents and 145 licensed patents to subcontractors of the government during wartime. After 1946, other manufacturers continued to produce helicopters under contracts with the US government which the latter assumed all indemnification for payment of royalties. The Pitcairn Autogiro Company was dissolved in 1948. Pitcairn continued to pursue litigation for use of the patents by other firms in 1951 that stretched into a 1977 Supreme Court case awarding Pitcairn's estate $ 32 million.
40:
166:
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217:
213:, which was later renamed the Autogiro Company of America. Kellett autogyros competed with, and eventually licensed production rights from, Pitcairn-Cierva Autogiro Company for $ 300,000. As a part of the licensing agreement, Pitcairn used Cierva's copyrighted variant of the name Autogiro (capitalized and spelled with an i) as opposed to the currently more common spelling of autogyro which was initially used to bypass his copyright.
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Though urged to abandon the autogiro and instead pursue helicopter development, Pitcairn considered the former aircraft to offer more utility to the private flyer and largely ignored the latter. This decision was to consign
Pitcairn's rotary-wing activities to the sidelines as new companies appeared that took advantage of his pioneering work with the autogiro that was readily applied to helicopter development.
113:
1237:"Ray Lands Autogiro at the White House – Aircraft Drops on Lawn for Presentation of Collier Trophy to Its Maker – Hoover Extols Its Design – Tells Pitcairn and Associates, Honored in Ceremony, Craft is Great Achievement – Wright Agrees to Fly It – Then Pilot Takes Off in "Windmill" Plane from 100 by 300 Foot Plot on the Grounds"
383:
engaged in a systematic study of publicly available documents, as well as original research to develop the Fa 61. The
British government attempted, both through its own offices and those of G & J Weir, Ltd., to license Fa 61 technology, but were presented with onerous terms, which were rejected.
362:
in 1938 in response to a requirement for a ship-borne rotorcraft capable of hovering. Pitcairn's staff was similarly engaged in the design of such an aircraft, modifying the AC-35 Autogiro for the purpose. The G & J Weir Ltd. aircraft department was engaged in the development of the
261:
for use as a news aircraft due to it ability to fly well at low altitude and speed, land and take off from restricted spaces, and semihover for better camera shots. This PCA-2 was the ancestor of today's news helicopters. Also in 1931, pilot
225:
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In 1933, the parent company and conventional aircraft manufacturing arm, Pitcairn
Aircraft Company, merged with the autogiro arm, following the end of Mailwing production, and contract air-mail flights.
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were invited to watch. On her second flight, she remained airborne for about three hours and set a woman's autogiro altitude record of 18,415 feet. Later, she toured the country for
1314:
449:. Three of these aircraft were lost at sea whilst being delivered to the UK with the remaining three being received by the Fleet Air Arm but were not used operationally.
399:
159:
151:, founded Pitcairn Aircraft Company. The business started with the formation of Pitcairn Flying School and Passenger Service on 2 November 1924, which later became
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In 1942, Pitcairn's airfield and facilities at Willow Grove, Pennsylvania, were condemned by the US government for which he received $ 480,000, forming the
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borrowed a company
Pitcairn PCA-2 model. She arranged for the National Aeronautics Association to monitor the flight. Members of the New York press and
430:, the autogiro landed four times and taxied about the deck without the aid of a landing crew. On one of these take off and landings, Captain
302:
240:
personally bought all the shares of
Pitcairn Aviation (the airline and flying school) for $ 2.5 million and resold them two weeks later to
1137:
335:. Pitcairn's engineering staff used a different and more practical means of providing jump-takeoff performance, which was applied to the
158:
In 1926, Pitcairn started
Pitcairn Aircraft Company initially to build aircraft for his growing airmail service. He purchased a field in
182:
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347:
autogiros. The C.40 was the last autogiro produced by the
British company, the activities of which were suspended with the outbreak of
66:
Pitcairn-Cierva
Autogiro Company, Company of America (ACA, Pitcairn-Larsen Autogiro Company, AGA Aviation Corporation, G and A Aviation
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1194:
1053:
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244:, which renamed the company Eastern Air Transport, and finally Eastern Airlines. From this point on, Pitcairn focused on autogiros.
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was introduced for airmail service. The plane proved popular and was bought by 13 other companies. In 1928, Pitcairn purchased a
210:
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for his autogiro designs for $ 300,000. In 1929, Pitcairn formed a separate patent holding company to build autogiros, the
1432:. U.S. Department of Transportation. Federal Aviation Administration. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 2000.
327:, was then engaged in development of the "autodynamic" rotor, unworkable features of which were abandoned to produce the
305:. A second crash at the Michigan state fair, caused an unintended injury of her husband's ankle as he ran to the scene.
1138:"Pitcairn to Develop Autogiro in America – Aviation Leader Announces New Concern to Promote Cierva Craft Commercially"
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236:. Following a fire in November 1929, The first PCA-1 was built and tested the same month. In June 1929,
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Pitcairn was kept apprised of the activities of the Cierva
Autogiro Company, which proposed the
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Autogiros, which did not include access to any theoretical information or patented technology,
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field. In 1927, Pitcairn brought aboard a friend and designer from his apprenticeship days at
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426:, to become the first rotary-wing craft to land on a ship at sea. Piloted by then Lieutenant
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was an
American aircraft manufacturer of light utility aircraft. An early proponent of the
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A history in the making: 80 turbulent years in the American general aviation ..
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A history in the making: 80 turbulent years in the American general aviation
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In 1929, three prototypes were built, and one was demonstrated in the 1929
1263:"Hoover Receives Cierva – Inventor Predicts Big Autogiro Transport Planes"
112:
1417:
Helicopters and Autogiros; A History of Rotating-wing and V/STOL Aviation
355:
125:
402:. AGA Aviation was now renamed to G and A Aviation, and became part of
285:, who predicted in the future we would have large transport autogyros.
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Airlines and air mail: the post office and the birth of the commercial
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in a bright green autogiro. On the return trip, she crash landed in
1289:"Aviators: Amelia Earhart's Autogiro Adventures » History Net"
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In 1932, autogyro inventor Cierva was greeted by U.S. President
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helicopter, which was similar in configuration to that of the
323:, largely financed by the Scottish marine engineering firm of
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company to join Pitcairn. In June 1927, the state of the art
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On December 9, 1936, Juan de la Cierva died in a crash of a
1486:
Biographical article of Harold Pitcairn, with photographs
950:
913:
813:
1491:"Will Autogiro Banish Present Plane?", March 1931, pg 28
1412:. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1988.
1410:
Cierva Autogiros: the Development of Rotary-Wing Flight
1044:
High frontier: a history of aeronautics in Pennsylvania
1426:. Lincolnwood, Ill.: Publications International, 1990.
640:
R-975 powered autogiro with enclosed four place cabin
1711:
Defunct helicopter manufacturers of the United States
1115:
Cierva, Pitcairn and the Legacy of Rotary-Wing Flight
414:
The US Navy evaluated a PCA-2 in 1931, designated as
1373:. Washington, D.C. September 24, 1931. p. B-11.
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among other names, remained in business until 1948.
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Defunct aircraft manufacturers of the United States
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Smithsonian Museum collections relating to Pitcairn
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80:
70:
62:
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160:Horsham Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania
576:PA-5 Mailwing modified with more cargo capacity
371:. Though holding a construction license for the
1367:"Autogiro lands four times on aircraft carrier"
808:Two place jump takeoff autogiro for Royal Navy
1419:. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Company, 1969.
915:Aircraft built by Autogiro Company of America
1511:
1217:. Hearst Magazines. October 1931. p. 632
8:
1161:
1159:
592:PA-6 Mailwing with three passenger capacity
466:Aircraft built by Pitcairn Aircraft Company
266:landed an autogiro on the south lawn of the
32:
815:Aircraft built by Pitcairn-Cierva Autogiro
205:and the American manufacturing rights from
116:a PA-5 Mailwing in the Air and Space Museum
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38:
31:
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982:Two place jump takeoff military autogiro
689:Two place wingless experimental autogiro
1527:Pitcairn and Autogiro Company of America
1211:"Hover Plane and Camera Join News Staff"
387:In 1938, the company was renamed to the
257:made history when they bought the first
247:In 1931, the company was renamed to the
994:
608:PA-7 Mailwing with a Wright J-6 engine
278:for their development of the autogyro.
1440:
1424:The Illustrated History of Helicopters
331:jump-takeoff autogiro for the British
7:
1074:U.S. Centennial of Flight Commission
705:Twin tail version of PA-20 autogiro
303:United States Department of Commerce
1070:"The Contributions of the Autogyro"
301:, earning her a reprimand from the
183:Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company
1341:"Autogiro Lands On Big Ships Deck"
1020:Old York Road Historical Society.
496:Five passenger commercial biplane
461:1941 Pitcairn PA-39 Autogiro N3908
445:models for convoy escorts for the
128:, the company, later known as the
25:
1181:F. Robert Van der Linden (2002).
935:Autogiro Company of America AC-35
776:Two place aluminum body autogiro
249:Autogiro Company of America (ACA)
1466:
1449:
1422:Lightbody, Andy and Poyer, Joe.
400:Naval Air Station - Willow Grove
389:Pitcairn-Larsen Autogiro Company
211:Pitcairn-Cierva Autogiro Company
162:and built Pitcairn Field no. 2.
106:Pitcairn-Cierva Autogiro Company
1562:PA-5, PA-6, PA-7, PA-8 Mailwing
952:Aircraft built by Pitcairn/AGA
1455:How The Auto-Giro Works (1931)
1144:. February 17, 1929. p. 9
908:Three place military autogiro
29:American Aircraft Manufacturer
1:
1269:. January 31, 1932. p. 2
321:Cierva Autogiro Company, Ltd.
1472:Pitcairn PA-36 jump take-off
1457:- demonstrating a PCA-1 (by
1243:. April 23, 1931. p. 27
1022:The Morelands and Bryn Athyn
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945:Two place roadable autogiro
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566:Pitcairn PA-6 Super Mailwing
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441:autogyros were converted to
1677:Autogiro Company of America
1347:. December 1931. p. 61
1040:William F. Trimble (1982).
560:Commercial airmail biplane
391:, and again in 1940 to the
130:Autogiro Company of America
1727:
1430:Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
1127:Accessed 22 November 2011.
1094:"Local Flyer Makes Good".
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75:Willow Grove, Pennsylvania
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892:Two place sport autogiro
792:Military autogiro design
295:Beech-Nut Packing Company
141:Harold Frederick Pitcairn
122:Pitcairn Aircraft Company
87:Harold Frederick Pitcairn
37:
33:Pitcairn Aircraft Company
1636:Pitcairn-Cierva Autogiro
502:Pitcairn PA-2 Sesquiwing
418:on the aircraft carrier
404:Goodyear Tire and Rubber
393:AGA Aviation Corporation
18:AGA Aviation Corporation
673:R-975 powered autogiro
486:Pitcairn PA-1 Fleetwing
242:North American Aviation
175:Pitcairn PA-1 Fleetwing
550:Pitcairn PA-5 Mailwing
462:
229:
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199:Pitcairn PA-5 Mailwing
173:The first aircraft, a
170:
143:, the youngest son of
117:
1415:Gablehouse, Charles.
1315:"rotorcraft pioneers"
518:Pitcairn PA-3 Orowing
460:
227:
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191:Thomas-Morse Aircraft
168:
115:
1166:Donald M. Pattillo.
1005:Donald M. Pattillo.
369:Focke-Achgelis Fa 61
325:G & J Weir, Ltd.
220:Licensed Kellett K-2
1098:. November 9, 1930.
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528:Commercial biplane
512:Commercial biplane
467:
410:Military operations
234:Cleveland Air Races
177:, was built at the
96:Commercial aircraft
34:
1125:Hofstra University
1120:2016-03-03 at the
1113:Charnov, Bruce H.
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272:Harold F. Pitcairn
230:
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189:. Larsen left the
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149:John Pitcairn, Jr.
118:
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1557:PA-4 Fleetwing II
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1408:Brooks, Peter W.
1321:on March 17, 2012
1215:Popular Mechanics
1096:Los Angeles Times
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760:US Navy autogiro
740:US army autogiro
720:Enclosed biplane
658:powered autogiro
434:was a passenger.
207:Juan de la Cierva
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1317:. Archived from
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1295:on June 12, 2011
1291:. Archived from
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228:A restored PA-18
195:Wright Whirlwind
153:Eastern Airlines
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443:Pitcairn PA-39
439:Pitcairn PA-18
428:Melville Pride
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299:Abilene, Texas
291:Movietone News
287:Amelia Earhart
283:Herbert Hoover
276:Collier Trophy
259:Pitcairn PCA-2
145:PPG Industries
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1627:PA-44 (XO-61
1607:PA-34 (OP-2)
1602:PA-33 (YG-2)
1552:PA-3 Orowing
1526:
1429:
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1403:Bibliography
1388:. Retrieved
1379:
1371:Evening Star
1370:
1361:
1349:. Retrieved
1344:
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1323:. Retrieved
1319:the original
1309:
1297:. Retrieved
1293:the original
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1273:September 4,
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102:Subsidiaries
71:Headquarters
26:
1390:January 23,
1351:October 25,
1325:January 23,
1299:January 23,
1221:October 25,
1079:October 25,
957:Model name
920:Model name
820:Model name
471:Model name
416:Pitcairn OP
373:Cierva C.19
268:White House
251:. In 1931,
203:Cierva C.8W
1695:Categories
1459:Pathé News
1385:"Pitcairn"
989:References
656:Kinner R-5
381:Focke-Wulf
360:Royal Navy
179:Bryn Athyn
82:Key people
1706:Autogyros
876:Autogiro
860:Autogiro
844:Autogiro
624:Autogiro
420:USS
63:Successor
1535:Pitcairn
1529:aircraft
1118:Archived
453:Aircraft
365:Weir W-5
356:Gyrodyne
197:powered
147:founder
126:autogyro
93:Products
422:Langley
358:to the
136:History
55:Defunct
47:Founded
1193:
1052:
343:, and
319:. The
1682:AC-35
1668:PCA-3
1658:PCA-2
1653:PCA-1
1648:PAA-2
1643:PAA-1
1622:PA-39
1617:PA-38
1612:PA-36
1597:PA-24
1592:PA-22
1587:PA-21
1582:PA-20
1577:PA-19
1572:PA-18
1567:PA-11
976:1943
966:Type
939:1936
929:Type
902:1932
886:1931
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854:1931
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829:Type
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538:1927
522:1926
506:1926
490:1926
480:Type
345:XO-60
341:PA-39
337:PA-36
169:PCA-2
1663:OP-1
1392:2011
1353:2020
1327:2011
1301:2011
1275:2017
1249:2017
1223:2020
1191:ISBN
1150:2017
1081:2020
1050:ISBN
557:106
377:C.30
375:and
329:C.40
317:DC-2
120:The
58:1948
50:1926
889:25
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541:10
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314:KLM
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20:)
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