568:
84:
593:
583:
607:
552:
533:
295:
62:
340:
in Upper
Germany is reserved for broad, but non-navigable, running streams with noticeable gradient sufficient to power
526:
Duden, Geographische Namen in
Deutschland. Herkunft und Bedeutung der Namen von Ländern, Städten, Bergen und Gewässern
632:
130:
627:
160:
622:
562:
548:
529:
328:
396:
105:
602:
446:
420:
406:
263:
174:
109:
50:
320:
316:
213:
in compound hydronyms present from an early time (early 9th century). The simplex noun
156:
616:
507:
424:
271:
410:
251:
43:
300:
324:
312:
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138:
113:
118:
341:
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259:
134:
165:
147:
46:
357:
255:
275:
220:
214:
208:
202:
196:
53:
395:
generally indicates a
Germanic settlement in the early medieval or
442:
383:
116:
438:
434:
78:
81:
356:
for minor brooks or rivulets. An instructive example is
508:"Die Haus- und Hofnamen im Gerichtsbezirk Mauerkirchen"
484:(1980), p. 346. Discussion of the early contraction of
98:). The word has also been reduced to a frequent suffix
482:
Das
Namengut der frühen karolingischen Königsurkunden
281:
219:
remained uncontracted, however, and Old High German
59:
311:, etc., as well as the name of a settlement, as in
545:dtv-Atlas zur deutschen Sprache. Tafeln und Texte
141:
405:indicate names of the high medieval period. In
350:used for navigable rivers on one hand, and with
231:) could be restituted in compounds at any time.
274:. It is derived from the same root, but with a
168:
150:
287:). This word was also reduced to a suffix, as
99:
428:
124:
8:
543:König, Werner (1994). "dtv-Atlas Nr. 3025".
414:
400:
390:
377:
361:
351:
345:
335:
288:
241:
235:
226:
177:
567:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
299:). It is frequent as a river name, as in
494:Die Namen der rechtsrheinischen Zuflüsse
458:
560:
195:The Old High German contraction from
7:
123:(reflected in English placenames as
270:, i.e. a cultivated landscape in a
112:toponymy. The word is cognate with
476:a. 839. H. Menke, "Komposita auf
14:
608:List of early medieval watermills
594:All pages with titles containing
584:All pages with titles containing
528:(2nd ed.). Mannheim: Duden.
16:Widespread Upper German hydronym
506:Maurnböck-Mosser, Ute (2002).
1:
386:, not by regular riverboats.
382:as it was only navigable by
649:
547:(10th ed.). München.
125:
470:inter Uuiseraa et Fuldaa
427:; the Italian reflex is
524:Berger, Dieter (1999).
283:
280:suffix (Proto-Germanic
276:
221:
215:
209:
203:
197:
178:
169:
151:
142:
117:
100:
83:
61:
54:
496:, 1970, 123–154.
466:super fluuiolo Geazaha
429:
415:
401:
391:
378:
362:
352:
346:
336:
289:
242:
236:
234:Related is the German
227:
433:. Hydronyms such as
344:; it contrasts with
187:river, running water
360:, now classed as a
474:in pago Uuestracha
445:reflect a cognate
413:form evolved into
376:) but formerly as
42:) is a widespread
633:Fluvial landforms
399:, while names in
329:Au am Leithaberge
264:riparian woodland
246:) with a meaning
77:(ultimately from
640:
599:
589:
572:
566:
558:
539:
516:
515:
503:
497:
463:
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418:
404:
397:migration period
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58:(Proto-Germanic
57:
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613:
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603:German toponymy
592:
582:
579:
559:
555:
542:
536:
523:
520:
519:
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464:
460:
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421:Aix-en-Provence
373:
370:
367:
334:The river-name
267:
250:
247:
225:(Modern German
189:
186:
183:
110:Austro-Bavarian
95:
92:
89:
74:
71:
68:
51:Old High German
17:
12:
11:
5:
646:
644:
636:
635:
630:
625:
615:
614:
611:
610:
605:
600:
590:
578:
575:
574:
573:
553:
540:
534:
518:
517:
498:
492:: D. Schmidt,
457:
456:
454:
451:
321:Au, Vorarlberg
317:Au, St. Gallen
182:, all meaning
157:Low Franconian
93:(moving) water
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
645:
634:
631:
629:
628:Water streams
626:
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554:3-423-03025-9
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535:3-411-06252-5
531:
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436:
431:
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425:Aix-les-Bains
422:
417:
412:
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403:
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393:
389:Hydronymy in
387:
385:
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364:
359:
354:
348:
343:
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332:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
297:
291:
285:
278:
273:
272:riparian zone
265:
261:
257:
253:
244:
238:
232:
229:
223:
217:
211:
205:
199:
193:
180:
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153:
149:
144:
140:
136:
132:
121:
120:
115:
111:
107:
102:
87:
86:
80:
72:running water
65:
64:
56:
52:
48:
45:
41:
40:
35:
34:
29:
28:
23:
22:
595:
585:
544:
525:
511:
501:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
411:Old Frankish
388:
333:
294:
252:river island
233:
194:
159:
44:Upper German
38:
37:
32:
31:
26:
25:
20:
19:
18:
342:water mills
325:Au am Rhein
313:Aue, Saxony
309:Aue (Weser)
139:Old Frisian
114:Old English
617:Categories
478:-aha, -apa
453:References
305:Aue (Elbe)
260:floodplain
49:, from an
24:(variants
623:Hydronymy
563:cite book
301:Große Aue
296:Reichenau
240:(variant
166:Old Norse
148:Old Saxon
106:Alemannic
577:See also
472:a. 813;
468:a. 782;
419:, as in
47:hydronym
358:Salzach
331:; etc.
293:(as in
256:wetland
129:, also
551:
532:
512:ute.at
480:" in:
449:word.
447:Celtic
441:, and
409:, the
407:French
175:Gothic
85:hakʷā-
488:>
443:Acher
430:-acco
402:-bach
371:river
363:Fluss
347:Fluss
282:*
82:*
60:*
596:Ache
586:Aach
569:link
549:ISBN
530:ISBN
392:-ach
384:raft
379:Ache
353:Bach
337:Aach
284:awjō
277:-yo-
228:-ach
222:-aha
198:-aha
108:and
101:-ach
63:ahwō
33:Ache
21:Aach
486:aha
439:Ahr
435:Aar
416:aix
290:-au
237:Aue
216:aha
204:-aa
201:to
179:aƕa
152:aha
137:),
135:Eau
131:Yeo
126:-ea
104:in
79:PIE
55:aha
27:Ach
619::
565:}}
561:{{
510:.
437:,
423:,
327:;
323:;
319:;
315:;
307:,
303:,
262:,
258:,
254:,
243:Au
210:-â
207:,
192:.
173:,
164:,
161:Aa
155:,
146:,
133:,
67:)
39:Aa
36:;
30:,
571:)
557:.
538:.
514:.
490:â
374:'
368:'
366:(
268:'
248:'
190:'
184:'
170:á
143:ē
119:ǣ
96:'
90:'
75:'
69:'
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