Knowledge (XXG)

Abba P. Lerner

Source đź“ť

1639: 193: 1651: 1622: 1954: 2280:
rather than the grayer Keynesian policies. Thus, the vision that monetary and fiscal policy should be used as a balance wheel, which forms a key element in the textbook policy revolution, deserves to be called Lernerian rather than Keynesian."
2221: 3116: 402: 3081: 1772:
Lerner never stayed at one institution long, serving on the faculties of nearly a dozen universities and accepting over 20 visiting appointments. Lerner was 62 when he was given a professorship at the
2200: 2084: 3121: 3126: 1776:
in 1965 and left after reaching mandatory retirement age six years later. During his time there, Lerner criticized the unrest caused by the student protests as a threat to
3091: 1783:
Abba Lerner taught in the Economics Department at Florida State University, for several years. He stopped teaching after he suffered a stroke while visiting Israel.
3086: 1450: 2268:"What eventually became known as textbook Keynesian policies were in many ways Lerner's interpretations of Keynes's policies, especially those expounded in 3111: 1681: 2299: 2244: 2183: 2169: 2159: 2149: 2139: 3131: 1787: 3106: 2216: 1919:. This is in contrast to “sound finance” principles where taxation is designed solely to fund expenditure or finance investment and low inflation. 2853: 559: 2529: 2479: 2055: 398: 2567: 1808: 3096: 1773: 2461: 1630: 1992: 1985:
Booms and Busts: An Encyclopedia of Economic History from the First Stock Market Crash of 1792 to the Current Global Economic Crisis
492: 2467: 33: 2484: 1586: 1443: 1674: 2030: 1875: 3136: 2045: 1596: 519: 465: 348: 308: 283: 1923: 3043: 3016: 1553: 1523: 1498: 1400: 579: 383: 240: 3101: 2823: 802: 482: 328: 1822:'s original model of socialism, where the social dividend would be distributed to each citizen as a lump-sum payment. 1340: 412: 2276:(1951)...Textbook expositions of Keynesian policy naturally gravitated to the black and white 'Lernerian' policy of 2768: 1746: 1667: 1455: 1220: 882: 138: 3076: 2813: 2733: 2695: 2690: 1548: 363: 343: 2926: 2773: 2720: 2560: 2521: 2504: 1430: 487: 378: 128: 2936: 2868: 1893: 1845: 1655: 1606: 1488: 704: 544: 499: 323: 2748: 2602: 1493: 1360: 837: 599: 435: 333: 1761:. In 1937, Lerner emigrated to the United States. While in the US, he befriended intellectual opponents 1350: 1112: 887: 867: 832: 744: 674: 649: 3071: 3066: 2838: 1737:
family, which emigrated to Great Britain when Lerner was three years old. Lerner grew up in London's
1420: 1320: 1255: 792: 719: 714: 574: 318: 298: 268: 225: 208: 203: 86: 2232: 2592: 2576: 2553: 2311: 1966: 1834: 1758: 1601: 1568: 1528: 1513: 1375: 797: 709: 699: 669: 564: 450: 417: 263: 245: 235: 192: 152: 1027: 2906: 2743: 2680: 2277: 2236: 2117: 2019:: 1571–79, argues for the influence of Lerner's interpretation Keynes in "textbook" Keynesianism. 1912: 1591: 1533: 1365: 1290: 1062: 1042: 877: 782: 619: 604: 554: 534: 512: 353: 288: 176: 1162: 1152: 2991: 2941: 2886: 2843: 2783: 2763: 2670: 2620: 2525: 2331: 2315: 2051: 2024: 1988: 1882: 1864: 1856: 1483: 1395: 1300: 1092: 997: 982: 749: 689: 644: 629: 589: 524: 303: 293: 230: 2443: 2388:   • _____, 1978. "Utilitarian Marginalism (Nozick, Rawls, Justice, and Welfare)," 2327: 3006: 2961: 2931: 2833: 2319: 2080: 2076: 1943: 1904: 1800: 1777: 1643: 1626: 1425: 1345: 1325: 1245: 1240: 1182: 1142: 1132: 1097: 1087: 1017: 992: 962: 947: 942: 917: 862: 847: 817: 754: 729: 659: 614: 584: 472: 460: 388: 373: 313: 278: 3001: 2996: 2986: 2916: 2901: 2896: 2858: 2848: 2778: 2758: 2630: 2393: 2211: 1916: 1871: 1830: 1815: 1766: 1762: 1750: 1742: 1563: 1558: 1503: 1310: 1270: 1102: 1072: 1057: 1007: 977: 912: 852: 812: 734: 724: 624: 445: 440: 368: 358: 148: 3011: 2976: 2876: 2728: 2700: 2675: 2655: 2615: 2610: 2342:
Abba P. Lerner, 1934. "The Concept of Monopoly and the Measurement of Monopoly Power,"
2008: 1886: 1838: 1819: 1730: 1518: 1415: 1410: 1380: 1370: 1295: 1265: 1260: 1250: 1137: 1117: 1077: 1047: 987: 927: 902: 842: 529: 338: 160: 156: 68: 2474: 3060: 2966: 2921: 2828: 2665: 2645: 2625: 1860: 1826: 1804: 1543: 1538: 1405: 1355: 1335: 1330: 1305: 1280: 1177: 1082: 1002: 922: 897: 827: 822: 759: 639: 594: 393: 90: 3021: 2971: 2946: 2891: 2881: 2808: 2753: 2705: 2685: 2635: 2511: 2488: 1915:, a theory of purposeful financing (and funding) to meet explicit goals, including 1852: 1722: 1285: 1235: 1230: 1215: 1172: 1157: 1127: 1052: 1037: 1012: 972: 932: 907: 872: 787: 60: 2409: 1275: 2446: 2426: 2370: 2347: 2981: 2956: 2951: 2818: 2798: 2738: 2710: 2660: 2179: 1508: 1390: 1225: 1187: 1167: 1107: 1067: 1032: 967: 957: 937: 892: 807: 777: 739: 634: 477: 407: 273: 1896:, which argued that economic equality will produce the greatest probable total 2793: 2788: 2650: 2640: 1908: 1726: 1478: 1385: 1122: 952: 654: 609: 64: 2911: 1754: 1710: 1473: 1315: 1147: 857: 694: 679: 569: 549: 539: 184: 2515: 2164:   • _____, 1937. "Statics and Dynamics in Socialist Economics," 2330:
and ch. 12, sect. 12–6, Lerner Symmetry Theorem, scrollable preview, pp.
1738: 1709:; 28 October 1903 – 27 October 1982) was a Russian-born American-British 2497:"Functional Finance and Full Employment: Lessons from Lerner for Today?" 1848:
states that an import tariff can have the same effects as an export tax.
1650: 1621: 32: 2121: 1897: 1790:, he has been recognized as one of the greatest economists of his era. 1205: 684: 664: 2496: 2294:
Abba P. Lerner, 1936. "The Symmetry Between Import and Export Taxes",
2365:   • _____, 1952. "Factor Prices and International Trade," 2144:   • _____, 1934. "Economic Theory and Socialist Economy," 1734: 1210: 2134:
Abba P. Lerner, 1938. "Theory and Practice in Socialist Economics".
1022: 2404:
Abba P. Lerner, 1943. "Functional Finance and the Federal Debt,"
455: 2549: 2421:
Abba P. Lerner, 1952. "Factor Prices and International Trade,"
2108:
Scitovsky, Tibor (1984). "Lerner's Contribution to Economics".
2545: 2195:
Tadeusz Kowalik (2008), "Lange, Oskar Ryszard (1904–1965),"
2154:   • _____, 1936. "A Note on Socialist Economics", 1745:
schools, and as an entrepreneur. In 1929, Lerner entered the
2047:
On Ethics and Economics: Conversations with Kenneth J. Arrow
1803:
which featured decentralised market pricing proportional to
2011:(December 1984), "Was Keynes a Keynesian or a Lernerian?", 3117:
Distinguished fellows of the American Economic Association
2259:, by Van Tier, Walter. March 2002. USBIG Conference, CUNY. 2089:. University of California Academic Senate. pp. 82–84 1863:
divided by price or equivalently the negative inverse of
3082:
Emigrants from the Russian Empire to the United Kingdom
2239:, 1985. "Human Fallibility and Economic Organization", 1967:
Abraham Psachia Lerner, Assistant Lecturer in Economics
1786:
Although Lerner never received the Sveriges Riksbank's
1741:
and from age 16 worked as a machinist, a teacher in
3030: 2867: 2719: 2601: 2585: 144: 134: 122: 114: 109: 97: 75: 42: 23: 2214:, ( 2008). "Lerner, Abba Ptachya (1905–1982)," 2561: 2440:International Trade Theory: A Critical Review 1675: 8: 1837:is credited to Lerner by historians such as 3122:Academics of the London School of Economics 2086:1988, University of California: In Memoriam 1757:in 1934–1935 brought him into contact with 3127:University of California, Berkeley faculty 2568: 2554: 2546: 1682: 1668: 171: 31: 20: 1881:Lerner improved the calculations made by 1788:Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences 3092:Alumni of the London School of Economics 2282: 2217:The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics 2197:The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics 1936: 183: 3087:British emigrants to the United States 2022: 2480:The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics 2071: 2069: 2067: 1855:measures potential monopoly power as 1451:International socialist organizations 399:To each according to his contribution 16:Russian-British economist (1903–1982) 7: 2044:Arrow, Kenneth J. (25 August 2016). 1944:The London Gazette (8 November 1935) 1814:Lerner contributed to the idea of a 1807:and in so doing contributed to the 3112:Fellows of the Econometric Society 3040: 1774:University of California, Berkeley 14: 2475:"Abba Ptachya Lerner (1905–1982)" 3132:Florida State University faculty 2485:Library of Economics and Liberty 1892:Lerner developed the concept of 1649: 1637: 1620: 191: 3107:20th-century British economists 2324:Lectures on International Trade 2517:Biographical Memoirs Volume 64 2495:Mathew Forstater (July 1999). 2110:Journal of Economic Literature 2013:Journal of Economic Literature 1900:with a given amount of wealth. 1874:, which is known since as the 1: 2257:Who framed 'social dividend'? 1870:Lerner improved a formula of 284:Critique of political economy 2174:   • _____, 1944, 1799:Lerner developed a model of 1554:Socialist calculation debate 1524:List of socialist economists 1499:Economic calculation problem 384:Socialist mode of production 241:Socialist calculation debate 2274:The Economics of Employment 1809:Lange–Lerner–Taylor theorem 3153: 2344:Review of Economic Studies 2326:, 2nd Edition, MIT Press. 2156:Review of Economic Studies 2146:Review of Economic Studies 2136:Review of Economic Studies 2029:: CS1 maint: postscript ( 1747:London School of Economics 139:London School of Economics 3097:Post-Keynesian economists 1876:Marshall–Lerner condition 1818:by incorporating it into 1749:, where he studied under 1549:Socialism and LGBT rights 493:Socialist-oriented market 441:Socialist planned economy 344:Material balance planning 166: 105: 30: 2522:National Academies Press 2505:Levy Economics Institute 2390:Eastern Economic Journal 2384:The Economics of Control 2382:• Abba P. Lerner, 1944, 2361:The Economics of Control 2359:• Abba P. Lerner, 1944, 2270:The Economics of Control 2241:American Economic Review 2176:The Economics of Control 1955:New York Passenger Lists 1924:Lerner–Samuelson theorem 488:Socialist market economy 413:Workers' self-management 379:Socialism in one country 226:Age of the Enlightenment 129:Post-Keynesian economics 101:Russian-British-American 2937:Stephany Griffith-Jones 2220:, 2nd Edition. Preview 1983:Odekon, Mehmet (2011). 1894:distributive efficiency 1846:Lerner symmetry theorem 1489:Criticism of capitalism 500:Participatory economics 334:Labour-time calculation 2749:John Kenneth Galbraith 2503:. No. 272. The Jerome 2438:Murray C. Kemp, 2008. 1987:. Armonk, NY: Sharpe. 1753:. A six-month stay at 1733:, Lerner grew up in a 1494:Criticism of socialism 446:Decentralized planning 349:Peer‑to‑peer economics 47:Abraham Ptachya Lerner 2320:T. N. Srinivasan 1833:as the twin tools of 3137:Socialist economists 2839:Pavlina R. Tcherneva 2524:. pp. 209–230. 2425:, N.S., 19(73), pp. 2369:, N.S., 19(73), pp. 2272:(1944) and later in 2182:article book-review 1926:goes back to Lerner. 1805:marginal social cost 1644:Communism portal 1627:Socialism portal 319:Industrial democracy 269:Collective ownership 87:Tallahassee, Florida 3044:Keynesian economics 2593:John Maynard Keynes 2386:, Macmillan, ch. 3. 2312:Jagdish N. Bhagwati 2298:, N.S., 3(11), pp. 1911:, Lerner developed 1835:Keynesian economics 1759:John Maynard Keynes 1707:Abba Psachia Lerner 1529:Market abolitionism 1514:Left-libertarianism 451:Inclusive Democracy 418:Workplace democracy 264:Calculation in kind 246:Socialist economics 236:Revolutions of 1848 153:John Maynard Keynes 3102:Welfare economists 2744:James K. Galbraith 2681:Arthur Melvin Okun 2520:. Washington, DC: 2278:Functional Finance 2237:Joseph E. Stiglitz 1973:, 8 November 1935. 1971:The London Gazette 1913:functional finance 1534:Marxist philosophy 354:Production for use 324:Input–output model 289:Economic democracy 3054: 3053: 2942:Nobuhiro Kiyotaki 2887:Olivier Blanchard 2844:Anthony Thirlwall 2671:Franco Modigliani 2621:James Duesenberry 2531:978-0-309-04978-8 2442:, Routledge, pp. 2316:Arvind Panagariya 2057:978-1-317-19779-9 1885:on the effect of 1883:Wilhelm Launhardt 1865:demand elasticity 1692: 1691: 1484:Communist society 1456:Socialist parties 715:Saint-Simonianism 304:Equal opportunity 294:Economic planning 231:French Revolution 170: 169: 3144: 3077:Bessarabian Jews 3042: 3017:Michael Woodford 3007:Lawrence Summers 2962:Maurice Obstfeld 2932:Robert J. Gordon 2854:Sidney Weintraub 2834:G. L. S. Shackle 2570: 2563: 2556: 2547: 2542: 2540: 2538: 2492: 2487:(2nd ed.). 2449: 2436: 2430: 2419: 2413: 2402: 2396: 2380: 2374: 2357: 2351: 2340: 2334: 2309: 2303: 2292: 2286: 2266: 2260: 2254: 2248: 2230: 2224: 2209: 2203: 2193: 2187: 2166:Economic Journal 2132: 2126: 2125: 2116:(4): 1547–1571. 2105: 2099: 2098: 2096: 2094: 2081:Charles J. Hitch 2073: 2062: 2061: 2041: 2035: 2034: 2028: 2020: 2005: 1999: 1998: 1980: 1974: 1963: 1957: 1952: 1946: 1941: 1905:effective demand 1801:market socialism 1778:academic freedom 1684: 1677: 1670: 1656:Organized Labour 1654: 1653: 1642: 1641: 1640: 1625: 1624: 1569:Workers' council 1206:Gracchi Brothers 730:Social democracy 473:Market socialism 461:Project Cybersyn 389:Soviet democracy 374:Social ownership 329:Internationalism 309:Free association 279:Common ownership 195: 172: 82: 56: 54: 35: 21: 3152: 3151: 3147: 3146: 3145: 3143: 3142: 3141: 3057: 3056: 3055: 3050: 3049: 3048: 3047: 3046: 3039: 3026: 3002:Joseph Stiglitz 2997:Andrei Shleifer 2987:Julio Rotemberg 2917:Stanley Fischer 2902:Richard Clarida 2897:Guillermo Calvo 2863: 2859:L. Randall Wray 2849:William Vickrey 2824:Steven Pressman 2779:Nicholas Kaldor 2759:Myron J. Gordon 2721:Post-Keynesians 2715: 2631:Trygve Haavelmo 2597: 2581: 2574: 2536: 2534: 2532: 2510: 2473: 2458: 2453: 2452: 2437: 2433: 2420: 2416: 2406:Social Research 2403: 2399: 2387: 2381: 2377: 2364: 2358: 2354: 2341: 2337: 2310: 2306: 2293: 2289: 2267: 2263: 2255: 2251: 2231: 2227: 2212:Tibor Scitovsky 2210: 2206: 2199:, 2nd Edition. 2194: 2190: 2173: 2168:, 47(186), pp. 2163: 2153: 2143: 2133: 2129: 2107: 2106: 2102: 2092: 2090: 2075: 2074: 2065: 2058: 2043: 2042: 2038: 2021: 2009:Colander, David 2007: 2006: 2002: 1995: 1982: 1981: 1977: 1964: 1960: 1953: 1949: 1942: 1938: 1933: 1917:full employment 1872:Alfred Marshall 1831:monetary policy 1816:social dividend 1796: 1767:Barry Goldwater 1763:Milton Friedman 1751:Friedrich Hayek 1719: 1688: 1648: 1638: 1636: 1619: 1612: 1611: 1582: 1574: 1573: 1564:Socialist state 1559:Socialist Party 1504:Economic system 1469: 1461: 1460: 1446: 1436: 1435: 1201: 1193: 1192: 773: 765: 764: 580:Democratic road 515: 505: 504: 431: 423: 422: 369:Social dividend 359:Sharing economy 259: 251: 250: 221: 213: 149:Friedrich Hayek 135:Alma mater 124: 110:Academic career 93: 84: 80: 79:27 October 1982 71: 58: 57:28 October 1903 52: 50: 49: 48: 38: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3150: 3148: 3140: 3139: 3134: 3129: 3124: 3119: 3114: 3109: 3104: 3099: 3094: 3089: 3084: 3079: 3074: 3069: 3059: 3058: 3052: 3051: 3038: 3037: 3036: 3035: 3034: 3032: 3028: 3027: 3025: 3024: 3019: 3014: 3012:John B. Taylor 3009: 3004: 2999: 2994: 2992:Robert Shiller 2989: 2984: 2979: 2977:Kenneth Rogoff 2974: 2969: 2964: 2959: 2954: 2949: 2944: 2939: 2934: 2929: 2924: 2919: 2914: 2909: 2904: 2899: 2894: 2889: 2884: 2879: 2877:George Akerlof 2873: 2871: 2869:New Keynesians 2865: 2864: 2862: 2861: 2856: 2851: 2846: 2841: 2836: 2831: 2826: 2821: 2816: 2811: 2806: 2804:Abba P. Lerner 2801: 2796: 2791: 2786: 2784:MichaĹ‚ Kalecki 2781: 2776: 2771: 2769:Michael Hudson 2766: 2764:Geoff Harcourt 2761: 2756: 2751: 2746: 2741: 2736: 2731: 2729:Victoria Chick 2725: 2723: 2717: 2716: 2714: 2713: 2708: 2703: 2701:Paul Samuelson 2698: 2693: 2688: 2683: 2678: 2676:Robert Mundell 2673: 2668: 2663: 2658: 2656:Lawrence Klein 2653: 2648: 2643: 2638: 2633: 2628: 2623: 2618: 2616:William Baumol 2613: 2611:Gardner Ackley 2607: 2605: 2603:Neo-Keynesians 2599: 2598: 2596: 2595: 2589: 2587: 2583: 2582: 2579: 2575: 2573: 2572: 2565: 2558: 2550: 2544: 2543: 2530: 2508: 2493: 2471: 2465: 2457: 2456:External links 2454: 2451: 2450: 2431: 2414: 2397: 2375: 2352: 2335: 2304: 2287: 2261: 2249: 2233:Raaj Kumar Sah 2225: 2204: 2188: 2178:, Macmillan. ( 2127: 2100: 2063: 2056: 2036: 2000: 1993: 1975: 1958: 1947: 1935: 1934: 1932: 1929: 1928: 1927: 1920: 1901: 1890: 1887:terms of trade 1879: 1868: 1859:of price over 1849: 1842: 1839:David Colander 1823: 1820:Oskar R. Lange 1812: 1795: 1792: 1731:Russian Empire 1718: 1715: 1703:Ptachya Lerner 1690: 1689: 1687: 1686: 1679: 1672: 1664: 1661: 1660: 1659: 1658: 1646: 1634: 1614: 1613: 1610: 1609: 1604: 1599: 1594: 1589: 1583: 1580: 1579: 1576: 1575: 1572: 1571: 1566: 1561: 1556: 1551: 1546: 1541: 1536: 1531: 1526: 1521: 1519:Libertarianism 1516: 1511: 1506: 1501: 1496: 1491: 1486: 1481: 1476: 1470: 1468:Related topics 1467: 1466: 1463: 1462: 1459: 1458: 1453: 1447: 1442: 1441: 1438: 1437: 1434: 1433: 1428: 1423: 1418: 1413: 1408: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1388: 1383: 1378: 1373: 1368: 1363: 1358: 1353: 1348: 1343: 1338: 1333: 1328: 1323: 1318: 1313: 1308: 1303: 1298: 1293: 1288: 1283: 1278: 1273: 1268: 1263: 1258: 1253: 1248: 1243: 1238: 1233: 1228: 1223: 1218: 1213: 1208: 1202: 1199: 1198: 1195: 1194: 1191: 1190: 1185: 1180: 1175: 1170: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1135: 1130: 1125: 1120: 1115: 1110: 1105: 1100: 1095: 1090: 1085: 1080: 1075: 1070: 1065: 1060: 1055: 1050: 1045: 1040: 1035: 1030: 1025: 1020: 1015: 1010: 1005: 1000: 995: 990: 985: 980: 975: 970: 965: 960: 955: 950: 945: 940: 935: 930: 925: 920: 915: 910: 905: 900: 895: 890: 885: 880: 875: 870: 865: 860: 855: 850: 845: 840: 835: 830: 825: 820: 815: 810: 805: 800: 795: 790: 785: 780: 774: 771: 770: 767: 766: 763: 762: 757: 752: 747: 742: 737: 732: 727: 722: 717: 712: 707: 702: 697: 692: 687: 682: 677: 672: 667: 662: 657: 652: 647: 642: 637: 632: 627: 622: 617: 612: 607: 602: 597: 592: 587: 582: 577: 572: 567: 562: 557: 552: 547: 542: 537: 532: 527: 522: 516: 511: 510: 507: 506: 503: 502: 497: 496: 495: 490: 485: 480: 470: 469: 468: 463: 458: 453: 448: 438: 432: 429: 428: 425: 424: 421: 420: 415: 410: 405: 396: 391: 386: 381: 376: 371: 366: 361: 356: 351: 346: 341: 339:Labour voucher 336: 331: 326: 321: 316: 311: 306: 301: 296: 291: 286: 281: 276: 271: 266: 260: 257: 256: 253: 252: 249: 248: 243: 238: 233: 228: 222: 219: 218: 215: 214: 212: 211: 206: 200: 197: 196: 188: 187: 181: 180: 168: 167: 164: 163: 161:Oskar R. Lange 157:Paul Samuelson 146: 142: 141: 136: 132: 131: 126: 123:School or 120: 119: 116: 112: 111: 107: 106: 103: 102: 99: 95: 94: 85: 83:(aged 78) 77: 73: 72: 69:Russian Empire 59: 46: 44: 40: 39: 37:Lerner in 1938 36: 28: 27: 25:Abba P. Lerner 24: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3149: 3138: 3135: 3133: 3130: 3128: 3125: 3123: 3120: 3118: 3115: 3113: 3110: 3108: 3105: 3103: 3100: 3098: 3095: 3093: 3090: 3088: 3085: 3083: 3080: 3078: 3075: 3073: 3070: 3068: 3065: 3064: 3062: 3045: 3041: 3033: 3029: 3023: 3020: 3018: 3015: 3013: 3010: 3008: 3005: 3003: 3000: 2998: 2995: 2993: 2990: 2988: 2985: 2983: 2980: 2978: 2975: 2973: 2970: 2968: 2967:Edmund Phelps 2965: 2963: 2960: 2958: 2955: 2953: 2950: 2948: 2945: 2943: 2940: 2938: 2935: 2933: 2930: 2928: 2925: 2923: 2920: 2918: 2915: 2913: 2910: 2908: 2905: 2903: 2900: 2898: 2895: 2893: 2890: 2888: 2885: 2883: 2880: 2878: 2875: 2874: 2872: 2870: 2866: 2860: 2857: 2855: 2852: 2850: 2847: 2845: 2842: 2840: 2837: 2835: 2832: 2830: 2829:Joan Robinson 2827: 2825: 2822: 2820: 2817: 2815: 2814:Bill Mitchell 2812: 2810: 2807: 2805: 2802: 2800: 2797: 2795: 2792: 2790: 2787: 2785: 2782: 2780: 2777: 2775: 2772: 2770: 2767: 2765: 2762: 2760: 2757: 2755: 2752: 2750: 2747: 2745: 2742: 2740: 2737: 2735: 2734:Paul Davidson 2732: 2730: 2727: 2726: 2724: 2722: 2718: 2712: 2709: 2707: 2704: 2702: 2699: 2697: 2696:William Poole 2694: 2692: 2691:Bill Phillips 2689: 2687: 2684: 2682: 2679: 2677: 2674: 2672: 2669: 2667: 2666:Lloyd Metzler 2664: 2662: 2659: 2657: 2654: 2652: 2649: 2647: 2646:Walter Heller 2644: 2642: 2639: 2637: 2634: 2632: 2629: 2627: 2626:Robert Eisner 2624: 2622: 2619: 2617: 2614: 2612: 2609: 2608: 2606: 2604: 2600: 2594: 2591: 2590: 2588: 2584: 2580: 2577: 2571: 2566: 2564: 2559: 2557: 2552: 2551: 2548: 2533: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2518: 2513: 2509: 2506: 2502: 2501:Working Paper 2498: 2494: 2490: 2486: 2482: 2481: 2476: 2472: 2469: 2468:"Abba Lerner" 2466: 2463: 2462:"Abba Lerner" 2460: 2459: 2455: 2448: 2445: 2441: 2435: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2418: 2415: 2411: 2408:, 10(1), pp. 2407: 2401: 2398: 2395: 2391: 2385: 2379: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2362: 2356: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2339: 2336: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2308: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2291: 2288: 2284: 2283:Colander 1984 2279: 2275: 2271: 2265: 2262: 2258: 2253: 2250: 2246: 2243:, 75(2), pp. 2242: 2238: 2234: 2229: 2226: 2223: 2219: 2218: 2213: 2208: 2205: 2202: 2198: 2192: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2177: 2171: 2167: 2161: 2157: 2151: 2147: 2141: 2137: 2131: 2128: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2111: 2104: 2101: 2088: 2087: 2082: 2079:; B. Hansen; 2078: 2077:GĂ©rard Debreu 2072: 2070: 2068: 2064: 2059: 2053: 2050:. Routledge. 2049: 2048: 2040: 2037: 2032: 2026: 2018: 2014: 2010: 2004: 2001: 1996: 1994:9780765682246 1990: 1986: 1979: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1962: 1959: 1956: 1951: 1948: 1945: 1940: 1937: 1930: 1925: 1921: 1918: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1877: 1873: 1869: 1866: 1862: 1861:marginal cost 1858: 1854: 1850: 1847: 1843: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1827:fiscal policy 1824: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1797: 1793: 1791: 1789: 1784: 1781: 1779: 1775: 1770: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1716: 1714: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1685: 1680: 1678: 1673: 1671: 1666: 1665: 1663: 1662: 1657: 1652: 1647: 1645: 1635: 1632: 1628: 1623: 1618: 1617: 1616: 1615: 1608: 1605: 1603: 1600: 1598: 1595: 1593: 1590: 1588: 1587:Related lists 1585: 1584: 1578: 1577: 1570: 1567: 1565: 1562: 1560: 1557: 1555: 1552: 1550: 1547: 1545: 1544:Progressivism 1542: 1540: 1539:Nanosocialism 1537: 1535: 1532: 1530: 1527: 1525: 1522: 1520: 1517: 1515: 1512: 1510: 1507: 1505: 1502: 1500: 1497: 1495: 1492: 1490: 1487: 1485: 1482: 1480: 1477: 1475: 1472: 1471: 1465: 1464: 1457: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1448: 1445: 1444:Organizations 1440: 1439: 1432: 1431:Ocasio-Cortez 1429: 1427: 1424: 1422: 1419: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1407: 1404: 1402: 1399: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1387: 1384: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1351:van der Lubbe 1349: 1347: 1344: 1342: 1339: 1337: 1334: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1302: 1299: 1297: 1294: 1292: 1289: 1287: 1284: 1282: 1279: 1277: 1274: 1272: 1269: 1267: 1264: 1262: 1259: 1257: 1254: 1252: 1249: 1247: 1244: 1242: 1239: 1237: 1234: 1232: 1229: 1227: 1224: 1222: 1219: 1217: 1214: 1212: 1209: 1207: 1204: 1203: 1197: 1196: 1189: 1186: 1184: 1181: 1179: 1176: 1174: 1171: 1169: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1114: 1111: 1109: 1106: 1104: 1101: 1099: 1096: 1094: 1091: 1089: 1086: 1084: 1081: 1079: 1076: 1074: 1071: 1069: 1066: 1064: 1061: 1059: 1056: 1054: 1051: 1049: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1034: 1031: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1019: 1016: 1014: 1011: 1009: 1006: 1004: 1001: 999: 996: 994: 991: 989: 986: 984: 981: 979: 976: 974: 971: 969: 966: 964: 961: 959: 956: 954: 951: 949: 946: 944: 941: 939: 936: 934: 931: 929: 926: 924: 921: 919: 916: 914: 911: 909: 906: 904: 901: 899: 896: 894: 891: 889: 888:Chernyshevsky 886: 884: 881: 879: 876: 874: 871: 869: 866: 864: 861: 859: 856: 854: 851: 849: 846: 844: 841: 839: 836: 834: 831: 829: 826: 824: 821: 819: 816: 814: 811: 809: 806: 804: 801: 799: 796: 794: 791: 789: 786: 784: 781: 779: 776: 775: 772:Intellectuals 769: 768: 761: 758: 756: 753: 751: 748: 746: 743: 741: 738: 736: 733: 731: 728: 726: 723: 721: 718: 716: 713: 711: 708: 706: 705:Revolutionary 703: 701: 698: 696: 693: 691: 688: 686: 683: 681: 678: 676: 673: 671: 668: 666: 663: 661: 658: 656: 653: 651: 648: 646: 643: 641: 640:Laissez-faire 638: 636: 633: 631: 628: 626: 623: 621: 618: 616: 613: 611: 608: 606: 603: 601: 598: 596: 593: 591: 588: 586: 583: 581: 578: 576: 573: 571: 568: 566: 563: 561: 558: 556: 553: 551: 548: 546: 545:Authoritarian 543: 541: 538: 536: 533: 531: 528: 526: 523: 521: 518: 517: 514: 509: 508: 501: 498: 494: 491: 489: 486: 484: 481: 479: 476: 475: 474: 471: 467: 464: 462: 459: 457: 454: 452: 449: 447: 444: 443: 442: 439: 437: 434: 433: 427: 426: 419: 416: 414: 411: 409: 406: 404: 400: 397: 395: 394:Strike action 392: 390: 387: 385: 382: 380: 377: 375: 372: 370: 367: 365: 362: 360: 357: 355: 352: 350: 347: 345: 342: 340: 337: 335: 332: 330: 327: 325: 322: 320: 317: 315: 312: 310: 307: 305: 302: 300: 299:Equal liberty 297: 295: 292: 290: 287: 285: 282: 280: 277: 275: 272: 270: 267: 265: 262: 261: 255: 254: 247: 244: 242: 239: 237: 234: 232: 229: 227: 224: 223: 217: 216: 210: 207: 205: 202: 201: 199: 198: 194: 190: 189: 186: 182: 178: 174: 173: 165: 162: 158: 154: 150: 147: 143: 140: 137: 133: 130: 127: 121: 117: 113: 108: 104: 100: 96: 92: 91:United States 88: 78: 74: 70: 66: 62: 45: 41: 34: 29: 22: 19: 3022:Janet Yellen 2972:Ricardo Reis 2947:Paul Krugman 2927:Mark Gertler 2892:Alan Blinder 2882:Ben Bernanke 2809:Hyman Minsky 2803: 2774:Richard Kahn 2754:Wynne Godley 2706:Robert Solow 2686:Don Patinkin 2636:Alvin Hansen 2535:. Retrieved 2516: 2512:David Landes 2500: 2489:Liberty Fund 2478: 2447:Description. 2439: 2434: 2422: 2417: 2405: 2400: 2392:, 4(1), pp. 2389: 2383: 2378: 2366: 2363:, Macmillan. 2360: 2355: 2346:, 1(3), pp. 2343: 2338: 2323: 2307: 2295: 2290: 2273: 2269: 2264: 2256: 2252: 2240: 2228: 2215: 2207: 2196: 2191: 2175: 2165: 2158:, 4(1), pp. 2155: 2148:, 2(1), pp. 2145: 2138:, 6(1), pp. 2135: 2130: 2113: 2109: 2103: 2091:. Retrieved 2085: 2046: 2039: 2016: 2012: 2003: 1984: 1978: 1970: 1961: 1950: 1939: 1853:Lerner index 1785: 1782: 1771: 1723:Novoselytsia 1720: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1694: 1693: 600:Evolutionary 520:21st-century 314:Freed market 81:(1982-10-27) 61:Novoselytsia 18: 3072:1982 deaths 3067:1903 births 2982:David Romer 2957:Marc Melitz 2952:Greg Mankiw 2907:Brad DeLong 2819:Basil Moore 2799:Marc Lavoie 2739:Evsey Domar 2711:James Tobin 2661:James Meade 2328:Description 1825:The use of 1631:WikiProject 1509:French Left 1301:Spiridonova 1200:Politicians 1113:Castoriadis 793:Saint-Simon 745:Third World 740:Syndicalism 675:Nationalist 650:Libertarian 615:Free-market 478:Lange model 466:Soviet-type 436:Communalism 408:Vanguardism 364:Spontaneism 274:Cooperative 220:Development 98:Nationality 3061:Categories 2922:Jordi GalĂ­ 2794:Jan Kregel 2789:Steve Keen 2651:John Hicks 2641:Roy Harrod 2578:Keynesians 2285:, p. 1573) 2180:J.E. Meade 1931:References 1909:chartalism 1727:Bessarabia 1602:Socialists 1597:By country 1479:Capitalism 1361:Mitterrand 1326:Gerhardsen 1271:Liebknecht 1256:Markievicz 1183:Varoufakis 1133:Fotopoulos 803:Saint-Just 798:Buonarroti 783:Campanella 720:Scientific 655:Marhaenism 610:Fourierism 595:Ecological 575:Democratic 145:Influences 65:Bessarabia 53:1903-10-28 2912:Huw Dixon 2444:xiv–xvii. 2423:Economica 2367:Economica 2296:Economica 2201:Abstract. 1903:Based on 1755:Cambridge 1717:Biography 1711:economist 1474:Anarchism 1396:Gorbachev 1246:Malatesta 1241:Bernstein 1018:Pankhurst 998:Pannekoek 988:Luxemburg 943:Plekhanov 918:Carpenter 913:Kropotkin 710:Ricardian 700:Religious 695:Reformism 680:Nkrumaism 670:Municipal 570:Communism 565:Christian 550:Blanquism 540:Anarchism 483:Mutualism 185:Socialism 125:tradition 118:Economics 2514:(1994). 2184:extract. 2083:(1988). 2025:citation 1794:Research 1739:East End 1721:Born in 1592:Category 1331:Erlander 1291:Kerensky 1261:Connolly 1118:Thompson 1103:Bookchin 1093:Montseny 1043:Vanzetti 1008:Einstein 978:Landauer 883:Saltykov 878:Lassalle 838:Proudhon 620:Gandhian 605:Feminist 555:Buddhist 535:Agrarian 513:Variants 177:a series 175:Part of 3031:Related 2586:Founder 2537:8 April 2491:. 2008. 2332:215–19. 2322:, 1998 2122:2725381 2093:8 April 1898:utility 1857:mark-up 1695:Abraham 1426:Sánchez 1411:Sankara 1371:Mandela 1356:Kreisky 1346:Allende 1341:Senghor 1336:Douglas 1321:Durruti 1286:Trotsky 1178:Graeber 1158:Hampton 1128:Chomsky 1073:Marcuse 1058:Gramsci 1048:Bordiga 1038:Polanyi 993:Russell 983:Berkman 973:Goldman 963:Du Bois 933:Kautsky 928:Bellamy 893:Tolstoy 868:Wallace 853:Bakunin 843:Greeley 833:Blanqui 813:Fourier 760:Zionist 750:Utopian 690:Popular 685:Owenism 665:Marxism 645:Liberal 630:Islamic 590:Ethical 585:Digital 560:Chinese 525:African 209:Outline 204:History 2528:  2394:51–65. 2318:, and 2120:  2054:  1991:  1743:Hebrew 1735:Jewish 1705:(also 1421:Marcos 1416:Chávez 1406:Corbyn 1381:Manley 1376:DubÄŤek 1366:Nasser 1306:Makhno 1296:Attlee 1281:Martov 1266:Gandhi 1221:Babeuf 1211:Mazdak 1173:Hedges 1153:Ă–calan 1138:Newton 1098:Sartre 1088:GuĂ©rin 1083:Orwell 1033:Korsch 1028:Lukács 1013:Keller 1003:Rocker 948:Ferrer 903:Morris 898:Michel 873:Lavrov 863:Engels 848:Herzen 823:Leroux 755:Yellow 660:Market 635:Jewish 430:Models 2350:–175. 2302:–313. 2247:–297. 2222:link. 2172:–270. 2118:JSTOR 1607:Songs 1581:Lists 1386:Palme 1236:Bebel 1226:Blanc 1188:Saito 1163:Ĺ˝iĹľek 1143:Wolff 1078:James 1063:Sacco 1053:Serge 1023:Volin 968:Gorky 958:Wells 953:Dewey 938:Wilde 923:Sorel 908:Jones 818:Cabet 788:Paine 735:State 725:Sewer 625:Guild 403:needs 258:Ideas 115:Field 2539:2017 2526:ISBN 2429:–15. 2412:–51. 2373:–15. 2235:and 2162:–76. 2152:–61. 2142:–75. 2095:2017 2052:ISBN 2031:link 1989:ISBN 1922:The 1907:and 1851:The 1844:The 1829:and 1765:and 1699:Abba 1401:Lula 1316:Nagy 1311:Tito 1276:Blum 1251:Debs 1231:Hong 1216:Roux 1168:West 1123:Ward 1108:Zinn 858:Marx 808:Owen 778:More 530:Arab 456:OGAS 76:Died 43:Born 2348:157 2300:306 2245:292 2170:253 1969:", 1391:Che 1148:Ali 1068:Day 828:Sue 3063:: 2499:. 2483:. 2477:. 2410:38 2314:, 2160:72 2150:51 2140:71 2114:22 2112:. 2066:^ 2027:}} 2023:{{ 2017:22 2015:, 1780:. 1769:. 1729:, 1725:, 1713:. 1701:" 179:on 159:, 155:, 151:, 89:, 67:, 63:, 2569:e 2562:t 2555:v 2541:. 2507:. 2470:. 2464:. 2427:1 2371:1 2281:( 2186:) 2124:. 2097:. 2060:. 2033:) 1997:. 1965:" 1889:. 1878:. 1867:. 1841:. 1811:. 1697:" 1683:e 1676:t 1669:v 1633:) 1629:( 401:/ 55:) 51:(

Index


Novoselytsia
Bessarabia
Russian Empire
Tallahassee, Florida
United States
Post-Keynesian economics
London School of Economics
Friedrich Hayek
John Maynard Keynes
Paul Samuelson
Oskar R. Lange
a series
Socialism

History
Outline
Age of the Enlightenment
French Revolution
Revolutions of 1848
Socialist calculation debate
Socialist economics
Calculation in kind
Collective ownership
Cooperative
Common ownership
Critique of political economy
Economic democracy
Economic planning
Equal liberty

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

↑