29:
253:
to classifications under rational basis review and the special respect accorded to
Congress's decisions regarding military matters, will not substitute judgment for that of Congress" and "that Congress has proffered adequate justifications for the Act". As the plaintiff-appellees asserted at oral argument "that they were not seeking any more onerous standard than the rational basis test", the Court applied rational basis review without deciding whether that was the appropriate standard for review.
284:
226:. When the Defense Department initiated an investigation into Petty Officer Heigl to determine if he was a homosexual, the district court issued a preliminary injunction against the investigation of him and the other plaintiffs. The Second Circuit, while determining "that the district court had applied the wrong standard in deciding to issue the preliminary injunctions", stayed the lifting of the injunction pending a merits trial.
298:
781:
312:
249:
the "new policy strikes a reasonable balance between the competing interests and because the policy is important to the military's accomplishment of its objectives, we find that it restrains speech no more than is reasonably necessary" and "the ...assumption ...that the ban on homosexual acts found in § 654(b)(1) is valid under the
Constitution."
252:
On remand, Judge
Nickerson struck down the acts provision of "Don't ask, don't tell" (Section 654(b)(1)) as a violation of the equal protection component of the Fifth Amendment. On appeal from that decision, the Second Circuit reversed, on the basis that "iven the strong presumption of validity give
248:
On appeal, the Second
Circuit vacated the 1995 ruling. They ruled that plaintiffs had standing to challenge the Section 654 (b) (1) and (3), as well as their expressive association challenge. They also vacated and remanded to the district court the First and Fifth Amendment rulings, on the basis that
221:
Six gay or lesbian members of the armed forces- Lieutenant
Colonel Jane Able, Petty Officer Robert Heigl, First Lieutenant Kenneth Osborn, Sergeant Steven Spencer, Lieutenant Richard Von Wohld, and Seaman Werner Zehr- had filed suit in the Eastern District of New York challenging the
832:
766:
267:
610:
807:
547:
195:
39:
238:
234:
229:
The district court dismissed the plaintiffs' challenges to
Section 654 (b) (1) and (3), as well as their expressive association challenge, on the basis that they lacked
567:
272:
635:
738:
812:
540:
837:
822:
262:
28:
648:
827:
785:
533:
624:
584:
604:
630:
817:
716:
556:
391:
199:
242:
675:
641:
343:
105:
425:
379:
133:
125:
117:
113:
726:
700:
222:
constitutionality of the "Don't ask, don't tell" policy. The case was assigned to U.S. District Court Judge
129:
86:
670:
499:
465:
441:
407:
361:
121:
732:
721:
690:
289:
517:
483:
153:
213:
overruled district court decisions striking down "Don't ask, don't tell" as unconstitutional.
591:
223:
149:
744:
680:
525:
303:
157:
297:
801:
695:
617:
665:
317:
124:(2d Cir. 1995); permanent injunction entered following bench trial, 880 F. Supp.
750:
233:. The court then, following a trial, held that section 654 (b) (2) violated the
279:
116:(E.D.N.Y. 1994); motion to certify interlocutory appeal denied, 870 F. Supp.
745:
Unfriendly Fire: How the Gay Ban
Undermines the Military and Weakens America
685:
230:
109:
102:
508:
474:
767:
Sexual orientation and gender identity in the United States military
268:
Sexual orientation and gender identity in the United States military
83:
611:
Rumsfeld v. Forum for
Academic & Institutional Rights, Inc.
529:
132:(2nd Cir. 1996); permanent injunction entered, 968 F. Supp.
833:
United States Court of
Appeals for the Second Circuit cases
202:(10 USC 654) law against various constitutional challenges.
392:
Military Policy On Gays Ruled `Orwellian' by Lisa
Anderson
394:
Chicago Tribune, March 31, 1995 Accessed July 11, 2011
196:
United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
40:
United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
759:
709:
658:
576:
168:
163:
145:
140:
97:
92:
78:
70:
62:
45:
35:
21:
495:, 155 F.3d 628 (2d. Cir. 1998) is available from:
461:, 88 F.3d 1280 (2d. Cir. 1996) is available from:
568:Sexual orientation in the United States military
273:Sexual orientation in the United States military
128:(E.D.N.Y. 1995); reversed and remanded, 88 F.3d
808:United States substantive due process case law
112:1994); motion to dismiss denied, 863 F. Supp.
739:United States Navy dog handler hazing scandal
541:
8:
548:
534:
526:
245:, thus becoming the first court to do so.
27:
18:
636:Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010
330:
263:Sexual orientation and military service
649:Log Cabin Republicans v. United States
7:
101:Preliminary injunction granted, 847
625:Witt v. Department of the Air Force
585:Holmes v. California National Guard
190:"), 155 F.3d 628 (2nd Cir. 1998) ("
120:(E.D.N.Y. 1994); remanded, 44 F.3d
813:United States LGBT rights case law
605:Military Readiness Enhancement Act
14:
186:, 88 F.3d 1280 (2nd Cir. 1996) ("
780:
779:
310:
296:
282:
838:United States military case law
631:2010 State of the Union Address
823:1998 in United States case law
428:, 865 (E.D.N.Y. 1997).
50:Lieutenant Colonel Jane Able,
1:
717:Center for Military Readiness
54:v. United States of America,
854:
243:United States Constitution
775:
563:
382: (E.D.N.Y. 1995).
346: (E.D.N.Y. 1994).
344:847 F. Supp. 1038
26:
676:Murder of Barry Winchell
642:Collins v. United States
426:968 F. Supp. 850
380:870 F. Supp. 468
364: (2d Cir. 1995).
727:National Equality March
194:"), is a case from the
671:Margarethe Cammermeyer
828:Don't ask, don't tell
733:United States v. Choi
722:Servicemembers United
599:Able v. United States
557:Don't ask, don't tell
493:Able v. United States
459:Able v. United States
421:Able v. United States
375:Able v. United States
357:Able v. United States
339:Able v. United States
200:Don't ask, don't tell
183:Able v. United States
22:Able v. United States
818:1998 in LGBT history
691:Malcom Gregory Scott
290:United States portal
362:44 F.3d 128
16:American legal case
241:Amendments to the
172:Walker, joined by
154:John M. Walker Jr.
74:September 23, 1998
795:
794:
179:
178:
845:
783:
782:
592:McVeigh v. Cohen
550:
543:
536:
527:
522:
516:
513:
507:
504:
498:
488:
482:
479:
473:
470:
464:
445:
435:
429:
423:
417:
411:
401:
395:
389:
383:
377:
371:
365:
359:
353:
347:
341:
335:
320:
315:
314:
313:
306:
301:
300:
292:
287:
286:
285:
224:Eugene Nickerson
198:that upheld the
150:Wilfred Feinberg
141:Court membership
136:(E.D.N.Y. 1997).
31:
19:
853:
852:
848:
847:
846:
844:
843:
842:
798:
797:
796:
791:
771:
755:
705:
681:Darren Manzella
654:
572:
559:
554:
520:
514:
511:
505:
502:
496:
486:
480:
477:
471:
468:
462:
454:
449:
448:
444:(2d Cir. 1998).
436:
432:
419:
418:
414:
410:(2d Cir. 1996).
402:
398:
390:
386:
373:
372:
368:
355:
354:
350:
337:
336:
332:
327:
316:
311:
309:
304:Politics portal
302:
295:
288:
283:
281:
259:
219:
158:Pierre N. Leval
17:
12:
11:
5:
851:
849:
841:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
800:
799:
793:
792:
790:
789:
776:
773:
772:
770:
769:
763:
761:
757:
756:
754:
753:
748:
741:
736:
729:
724:
719:
713:
711:
707:
706:
704:
703:
701:Randy Phillips
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
662:
660:
656:
655:
653:
652:
645:
638:
633:
628:
621:
614:
607:
602:
595:
588:
580:
578:
574:
573:
571:
570:
564:
561:
560:
555:
553:
552:
545:
538:
530:
524:
523:
518:Google Scholar
489:
484:Google Scholar
453:
452:External links
450:
447:
446:
430:
412:
396:
384:
366:
348:
329:
328:
326:
323:
322:
321:
307:
293:
278:
277:
276:
275:
265:
258:
255:
218:
215:
177:
176:
170:
166:
165:
161:
160:
147:
146:Judges sitting
143:
142:
138:
137:
99:
95:
94:
90:
89:
80:
76:
75:
72:
68:
67:
64:
60:
59:
47:
46:Full case name
43:
42:
37:
33:
32:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
850:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
805:
803:
788:
787:
778:
777:
774:
768:
765:
764:
762:
758:
752:
749:
747:
746:
742:
740:
737:
735:
734:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
714:
712:
708:
702:
699:
697:
696:Josh Seefried
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
663:
661:
657:
651:
650:
646:
644:
643:
639:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
626:
622:
620:
619:
618:Cook v. Gates
615:
613:
612:
608:
606:
603:
601:
600:
596:
594:
593:
589:
587:
586:
582:
581:
579:
575:
569:
566:
565:
562:
558:
551:
546:
544:
539:
537:
532:
531:
528:
519:
510:
501:
494:
490:
485:
476:
467:
460:
456:
455:
451:
443:
439:
434:
431:
427:
422:
416:
413:
409:
405:
400:
397:
393:
388:
385:
381:
376:
370:
367:
363:
358:
352:
349:
345:
340:
334:
331:
324:
319:
308:
305:
299:
294:
291:
280:
274:
271:
270:
269:
266:
264:
261:
260:
256:
254:
250:
246:
244:
240:
236:
232:
227:
225:
216:
214:
212:
208:
204:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
184:
175:
171:
167:
164:Case opinions
162:
159:
155:
151:
148:
144:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
104:
100:
98:Prior history
96:
91:
88:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
66:April 2, 1998
65:
61:
58:
55:
51:
48:
44:
41:
38:
34:
30:
25:
20:
784:
743:
731:
666:Jase Daniels
647:
640:
623:
616:
609:
598:
597:
590:
583:
492:
458:
442:155 F.3d 628
437:
433:
420:
415:
408:88 F.3d 1280
403:
399:
387:
374:
369:
356:
351:
338:
333:
318:LGBTQ portal
251:
247:
228:
220:
217:Case history
210:
206:
203:
191:
187:
182:
181:
180:
173:
93:Case history
57:
53:
49:
751:Palm Center
802:Categories
509:OpenJurist
475:OpenJurist
325:References
686:Steve May
174:unanimous
786:Category
760:See also
491:Text of
457:Text of
257:See also
231:standing
169:Majority
110:E.D.N.Y.
103:F. Supp.
79:Citation
710:Related
438:Able II
211:Able II
192:Able II
71:Decided
56:et al.'
659:People
521:
515:
512:
506:
503:
500:Justia
497:
487:
481:
478:
472:
469:
466:Justia
463:
424:,
404:Able I
378:,
360:,
342:,
207:Able I
188:Able I
63:Argued
52:et al.
239:Fifth
235:First
205:Both
36:Court
237:and
209:and
130:1280
106:1038
84:F.3d
82:155
577:Law
134:850
126:968
122:128
118:468
114:112
87:628
804::
440:,
406:,
156:,
152:,
549:e
542:t
535:v
108:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
