1092:. All three ruled the traditional requirements of ritual washing remained in effect for Conservative Jews (with some leniencies and liberalization of interpretation), but disagreed on the reasoning for continuing this practices, as well as on the validity of specific leniencies. Two of the opinions reflect reasoning similar to the respective Orthodox views (Biblical requirements or rabbinic ordinances enacted in remembrance of the Temple.) A third opinion expressed the view that Conservative Judaism should disconnect ritual purity practices from the Temple in Jerusalem or its memory, and offered a new approach based on what it called the concept of holiness, rather than the concept of purity. Thus, Conservative Judaism, under its philosophy of pluralism, supports a range of views on this subject, from views similar to the Orthodox view to views expressing a need for a contemporary re-orientation.
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According to the Jewish
Encyclopedia, the historic requirement for priests to first wash their hands, together with the classical rabbinical belief that non-priest were also required to wash their hands before taking part in a holy act, such as prayer, was adhered to very strongly, to the extent that
1136:), in reference to the jar of water used. The Jewish Encyclopedia states that many historic Jewish writers, and particularly the Pharisees, took it to mean that water had to be poured out onto uplifted hands, and that they could not be considered clean until water had reached the wrist. The Christian
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are also applied, as in
Biblical times, to uterine blood discharges outside regular menstruation. Such circumstances are often interpreted leniently, however, and rabbinic stratagems have been devised to lessen their severity. Women experiencing irregularities (droplets) are sometimes advised to wear
486:
Thou shalt also make a laver of brass, and the base thereof of brass, whereat to wash; and thou shalt put it between the tent of meeting and the altar, and thou shalt put water therein. And Aaron and his sons shall wash their hands and their feet thereat; when they go into the tent of meeting, they
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Both traditional religious and secular scholars agree that ritual washing in
Judaism was derived by the Rabbis of the Talmud from a more extensive set of ritual washing and purity practices in use in the days of the Temple in Jerusalem, based on various verses in the Hebrew Scriptures and received
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ritual, in order to become ritually pure again; however, the person who carried out the red heifer ritual and who sprinkled the water, was to be treated as having become ritually impure by doing so. According to Cheyne and Black, this ritual derives from the same origin as the ritual described in
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was regarded by the biblical regulations as having made themselves unclean by doing so, and therefore was compelled to immerse their entire body. This regulation is immediately preceded by the rule against eating anything still containing blood, and according to biblical scholars this is also the
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The Qumran community - Page 92 Michael
Anthony Knibb - 1987 -"10-13, and among the many cisterns at Qumran, two basins have been identif1ed which served as baths and were perhaps used for ... Unclean, unclean shall he be as long as he rejects the precepts of God: The language is drawn from
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the loss of a potential life). One who comes into contact with one of the forms of death must then immerse in water which is described in
Genesis as flowing out of the Garden of Eden (the source of life) in order to cleanse oneself of this contact with death (and by extension of sin).
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and the following verses, which describe the beauty of elements of the body, are spoken. Finally, nine measures of cold water are poured over the body while it is upright, which is the core element of the ceremony, and it is then dried (according to some customs), and
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is washed and dried, but is kept facing the same way, as there is the belief that turning it the other way will cause another person to die within three days. Many communities have replaced the pouring of nine measures by immersion in a specially constructed mikveh.
893:; some English translations discount this detail, because it differs from other sin offerings by not being killed at the altar, although biblical scholars believe that this demonstrates a failure by these translations to understand the meaning of sin offerings.
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wrote a responsum lifting the decree of Ezra, based on an opinion in the Talmud stating that it had failed to be observed by a majority of the community and the Jewish people found themselves unable to sustain it. However, Maimonides continued to follow the
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or other uterine bleeding, she must immerse and only then is permitted to resume sexual relations with her husband. This practice remains the principal use of contemporary mikvehs. It is fully observed in
Orthodox Judaism, and normative in Conservative
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Page 270 - 2001 3 Ritual washing
Washing is used for ritual purification in the context of the Temple worship. In Som. I 81, Philo quotes Lev 22 6 f, which states that no one is permitted to eat from holy things "unless the body is washed with water".
844:, eating the bodies of such creatures is not described as making an individual ritually impure, nor requires the eater to wash their body, but instead, such consumption is expressly forbidden, although the creature is allowed to be passed on to a
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remains in effect in
Orthodox Judaism, in two respects. Due to extreme conditions in Roman Palestine in the time of the Amoraim, women's periods became irregular, and women became unable to determine whether or not their discharges were regular
522:; and before prayer. On some of these occasions, the water must be poured from a cup; on others, it may also be delivered by any means such as a faucet. On some of these occasions, a blessing is recited; on others, it is not.
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Men experiencing a seminal discharge, including through regular marital intercourse, were prohibited from entering the Temple in
Jerusalem and required to immerse in a mikveh, remaining ritually impure until the evening. The
809:, however, revived the practice of regular mikveh use, advocating regular daily mikveh use as a way of achieving spiritual purity. The growth of Hasidic Judaism resulted in a revival of mikveh use by men. In addition, some
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fell out of use with the destruction of the Temple in
Jerusalem and the end of sacrificial rites. However, each of the other requirements remains in effect to some extent in Orthodox Judaism and (to a lesser degree) in
978:; in ancient times the hair and nails were also cut, but by the 19th century, the hair was merely combed, and the nails were just cleansed with a special pin, unless their length is excessive. After the ceremony, the
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Between death and the traditional ceremony, the body is placed on the ground, and covered with a sheet, and at the start of the traditional ceremony, the body is lifted from the ground onto a special board or slab (a
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context of the regulation about not eating non-sacrifices—that the regulation only treats such consumption as unclean if there is a risk of blood remaining within the carcass. In the version of this regulation in
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offers, as justification for the ritual of hand-washing after waking, the belief that a spirit of impurity rests upon each person during the night, and will not leave until the person's hands are washed, and the
915:, argued that the corpse should be cleansed carefully, including the ears and fingers, with nails pared and hair combed, so that the corpse could be laid to rest in the manner that the person had visited the
949:, a practice which obtains in many Jewish communities today; a mikveh is provided at a number of ancient tombs. Female corpses are traditionally cleaned only by other females, and males only by other males.
957:), so that it lies facing the door, with a white sheet underneath. The clothes are then removed from the corpse (if they were not removed when the corpse was placed on the ground), and at this point
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No explicit regulations are expressed in the bible concerning the treatment of a corpse itself, although historic rabbinical sources saw an implication that the dead should be thoroughly washed per
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states that in Jesus' time, "Pharisees, and all the Jews" would not eat until they had washed their hands to the wrist, and it was noteworthy that Jesus and his followers did not wash.
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or custom, the hands are washed on a number of occasions. These include before and after eating a meal with bread; upon awaking in the morning; after using the toilet; before eating
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against the profane making contact with the sacred, and similar practices are present in other religions of the period and region. The Jewish Encyclopedia relates that according to
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remain in force, and Jews remain Biblically-obligated to observe such of them as they can, and a view that Biblical ritual impurity requirements apply only in the presence of a
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In the early periods, the body was washed in a standard mikveh, and this is frequently the form of the ritual in the present day, but the traditional washing ceremony, known as
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is cleansed of his issue, then he shall number to himself seven days for his cleansing, and wash his clothes; and he shall bathe his flesh in running water, and shall be clean.
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a Rabbinic decree imposing further restrictions on men ritually impure from a seminal discharge, including a prohibition on studying Torah and from participating in services.
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for murder by an unknown perpetrator, according to which a heifer is killed at a stream, and hands are washed over it; Peake believed that these are both ultimately cases of
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Although the Shulchan Aruch (OC 88) rules that they repealed the requirement of this immersion, it is still considered a pious practice to continue to observe it.
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from their bed without ablution. According to , the cup containing the water has to be able to carry a certain amount of water, and it should have two handles.
1111:, basins which served as baths have been identified, and among the Dead Sea scrolls, texts on maintaining ritual purity reflect the requirements of Leviticus.
1046:, and a similar requirement was imposed on the person who led the scapegoat away, and the person who burned the sacrifices during the rituals of the day. The
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before they assume their work. Peake's commentary states that although Biblical rules regarding ritual purification following bodily discharges clearly have
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Both Orthodox and Conservative Judaism currently have multiple views on the reason for contemporary observance of ritual washing and immersion obligation.
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water, with the mouth of the corpse covered so that water does not enter it; the next part of the ritual is the pouring of water over the head, while
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shall wash with water, that they die not; or when they come near to the altar to minister, to cause an offering made by fire to smoke unto the LORD.
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is unique in that it cannot be purified by immersion in a normal mikveh, but rather requires immersion in a spring of running water (mayim hayim).
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Depending on the circumstances, such ritual bathing might require immersion in "living water"—either by using a natural stream or by using a
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is recited by the enactors of the ritual, as it refers to the removal of filthy clothes. Following this, the body is thoroughly rubbed with
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period following menstruation, for a total of approximately 12 days per month, which Orthodox women continue to observe today. The laws of
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touches, without having rinsed his hands in water, he shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the evening.
646:, ("Purification"), the ritual washing and cleansing, and immersion in a mikveh according to many customs, of a Jew's body prior to burial
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Christianity adopted the practice, and provided worshippers with fountains and basins of water in Churches, in a similar manner to the "
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This article discusses the requirements of immersion in Rabbinic Judaism and its descendants. Some other branches of Judaism, such as
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is traditionally credited with its invention. According to this latter form of ceremony, the water used for washing was perfumed by
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is quoted, since it refers to the sprinkling of water to produce cleanness; and then each limb is washed downwards, while
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functioning as a laver. Although Christianity did not adopt the requirement for priests to wash feet before worship, in
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945:, became quite detailed over time. A special building for the corpse-washing existed in the cemetery in 15th century
435:, the practices are normative, with certain leniencies and exceptions. Ritual washing is not generally performed in
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In Orthodox Judaism, opinion is generally split between a view that maintains that those Biblical rules related to
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states that the High Priest had to immerse himself five times, and his hands and feet had to be washed ten times.
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near water. Biblical scholars regard this custom as an imitation by the laity of the behaviour of the priests. A
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refers to ritual washing in the context of the Temple and Leviticus, but also speaks of spiritual "washing". At
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requires immersion of the body in water as a means of purification in several circumstances, for example:
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priests were required to wash themselves twice a day and twice a night in cold water, and according to
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1285:. Kaplan points out that most of the laws of impurity relate to some form of death (or in the case of
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periods, refraining from intercourse and physical contact with their husbands for seven days of the
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before they could become members of the Jewish priesthood, and similarly requires Levites to be
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According to Peake's commentary on the Bible, the Priestly Code specifies that individuals were
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traditions. There is disagreement, however, about the origins and meanings of these practices.
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and remained in a state of ritual impurity for seven days before immersion. Today, the law of
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referring to washing of the hands, literally "lifting of the hands", is derived either from
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Immersing in a mikveh can be a symbolic act connecting a person to ancestral experiences.
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1281:. According to Genesis, Adam and Eve had brought death into the world by eating from the
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A woman experiencing uterine blood, not part of normal menstruation, was classified as a
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The priests bearing the ark of the covenant lead the Israelites under Joshua across the
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restrictions as a matter of personal observance. Since then, observance of the rules of
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Priests were required to wash their hands and feet before service in the Temple:
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or rabbinical regulations require immersion of the whole body, referred to as
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during life. Washing of corpses was not observed among the Jews living in
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and hence regular mikveh use by men fell into disuse in many communities.
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I will wash my hands in innocency; so will I compass Thine altar, O LORD.
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argues that body is open to demonic possession during sleep because the
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states that this custom was the reason for the traditional location of
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to any deity in the morning, unless they had first washed their hands.
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Occasions on which full-body immersion is currently practiced include:
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689:), which required special sacrifices and rituals in the days of the
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connects the laws of impurity to the narrative in the beginning of
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427:(16th century). These practices are most commonly observed within
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the practice was extended to the congregation and expanded into
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coloured underwear to mitigate the detectability of evidence of
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that they had to be sprinkled with the water produced from the
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describes the water produced from the red heifer ritual as a
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Some Orthodox men immerse after having a seminal discharge (
1081:, practices decreed by the Rabbis in memory of the Temple.
1210:
washed their hands in the sea each morning before prayer;
930:; at the time, the non-Jewish Persians were predominantly
675:
prescribes rituals addressing the skin condition known as
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argues that death awaits anyone who walks more than four
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especially mentions the washing ceremonies using myrtle.
736:). As a result, women adapted a stringency combining the
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status and hence a need to determine that a woman is a
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1497:"The Mikveh's Significance in Traditional Conversion"
1018:; the use of spices was an ancient practice, and the
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Mikveh in symbolic experience and biblical typology
617:for men, to immerse themselves on the day prior to
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
681:and unusual genital discharges in a man or woman (
657:authorities who permit ascending the Temple Mount)
3245:
3166:Prohibition of extracting semen in vain (Judaism)
1065:that are possible to observe in the absence of a
905:, as children are washed when born; according to
1038:to bathe himself in water after sending off the
1202:According to the 1906 Jewish encyclopedia, The
1167:, Biblical scholars regard the requirement of
817:communities continued to observe the rules of
395:References to ritual washing are found in the
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2003:
928:in filth, without a candle and without a bath
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8:
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388:is the washing of the hands with a cup (see
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1231:temporarily leaves the body during it; the
613:In Orthodox Judaism, there is a widespread
465:There are also references to hand-washing:
288:Prohibition of Kohen defilement by the dead
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3035:
3027:
2551:
2537:
2529:
2010:
1996:
1988:
1254:uses, they ultimately originated from the
926:, for which they were criticised as dying
856:Anyone who came into contact with a human
629:. Many also immerse themselves before the
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1476:Babylonian Talmud, tractate Shabbath 64b.
1084:In December 2006, Conservative Judaism's
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1088:issued three responsa on the subject of
986:A more elaborate ceremony, known as the
2081:(Stumbling block in front of the blind)
1425:
1077:, and the current rules represent only
938:to avoid defiling the earth with them.
544:for the purpose of ritual immersion in
143:
1823:Jewish worship in Philo of Alexandria
1114:According to the editors of the 1906
1086:Committee on Jewish Law and Standards
637:) do so daily before morning prayers.
552:There are several occasions on which
27:Overview of ritual washing in Judaism
7:
1195:were forbidden from pouring out the
58:adding citations to reliable sources
1132:
998:
374:
3151:Forbidden relationships in Judaism
2383:Osek b'mitzvah patur min hamitzvah
1054:Reason for contemporary observance
693:including immersion in a mikveh.
640:A convert to Judaism must immerse.
25:
3200:Women forbidden to their husbands
667:Bodily fluids and skin conditions
3121:
2612:
2605:
2356:One commandment leads to another
1352:Jordan River § Hebrew Bible
1306:
560:. For example, the impurity of
378:) is a full body immersion in a
154:
34:
3176:Head covering for married women
1553:Peake's commentary on the Bible
1171:washing their hands before the
1165:Peake's Commentary on the Bible
45:needs additional citations for
2065:(Sanctification of God's name)
1704:masoretic text of Numbers 19:9
1126:134:2, or from the Greek word
848:, who is permitted to eat it.
825:Contact with an animal carcass
332:A silver washing cup used for
1:
3191:You shall not commit adultery
696:The practice of checking for
526:Full-body immersion (Tevilah)
1206:states that creators of the
1030:The biblical regulations of
621:, and many do so before the
495:A Silver Mayim Acharonim Set
399:, and are elaborated in the
2041:(Desecration of God's name)
1983:The Laws of Netilat Yadayim
992:
596:period concludes following
69:"Ritual washing in Judaism"
3322:
1400:Ritual washing in Mandaism
770:
623:three pilgrimage festivals
529:
503:
3229:of a woman to her husband
3119:
2603:
1364:Ablution (disambiguation)
877:for a group of people to
3296:Jewish ritual purity law
3171:Rabbi Zeira's stringency
3083:Jewish views on marriage
2073:(Derogatory information)
1369:Ablution in Christianity
1034:require the officiating
366:, takes two main forms.
145:Ritual purity in Judaism
2184:Forbidden relationships
1913:Antiquities of the Jews
649:Prior to ascending the
3156:Jewish views on incest
3141:Cunnilingus in Halacha
2325:B'rov am hadrat melech
2023:(Jewish religious law)
1380:Handwashing in Judaism
1096:History and commentary
653:(by those Orthodox or
633:, and many (primarily
549:
506:Handwashing in Judaism
496:
390:Handwashing in Judaism
351:
336:
3301:Judaism and sexuality
2670:Prayers and blessings
1499:. My Jewish Learning.
1258:against contact with
1175:as an example of the
897:Treatment of a corpse
852:Contact with a corpse
539:
494:
342:
331:
139:series of articles on
2806:Weekly Torah reading
2396:Positive commandment
2339:Dina d'malkhuta dina
2091:You shall not murder
1600:Encyclopedia Biblica
1495:Rabbi Maurice Lamm.
1346:Crossing the Red Sea
703:Conservative Judaism
433:Conservative Judaism
283:Tumath eretz Ha'Amim
181:Purification methods
54:improve this article
3275:Heter meah rabbanim
3146:Fellatio in Halacha
2639:Bar and bat mitzvah
2295:Halakhic principles
2049:(Theft of the mind)
1694:Jewish Encyclopedia
1395:Ritual purification
1130:(αντλίον in Hebrew
1116:Jewish Encyclopedia
1105:Philo of Alexandria
1079:rabbinic ordinances
1075:Temple in Jerusalem
721:Temple in Jerusalem
719:in the days of the
691:Temple in Jerusalem
417:(12th century) and
247:Sources of Impurity
18:Ablution in Judaism
2778:Religious practice
2469:Capital punishment
2116:Corpse uncleanness
1868:2 Chronicles 4:2–6
1762:2 Chronicles 16:14
1597:Cheyne and Black,
1318:. You can help by
1204:Letter of Aristeas
1036:Jewish High Priest
550:
497:
352:
337:
278:Corpse uncleanness
3283:
3282:
3131:Prohibitions and
3024:
3023:
2680:Grace after meals
2565:Birth and infancy
2526:
2525:
2189:Gender separation
1714:Ecclesiastes 5:15
1565:Deuteronomy 14:21
1521:Leviticus 15:5–10
1410:Tumah and taharah
1336:
1335:
1283:Tree of Knowledge
1173:Priestly Blessing
993:rechitzah gedolah
883:sympathetic magic
500:Washing the hands
326:
325:
166:Tumah and taharah
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
3313:
3306:Orthodox Judaism
3125:
3057:Marital life in
3051:
3044:
3037:
3028:
2786:613 commandments
2708:Marriageable age
2616:
2609:
2553:
2546:
2539:
2530:
2433:Toch k'dei dibur
2243:Terumat hamaaser
2057:(Theft of sleep)
2012:
2005:
1998:
1989:
1966:
1957:
1951:
1946:
1940:
1935:
1929:
1922:
1916:
1909:
1903:
1900:
1894:
1885:
1879:
1876:
1870:
1865:
1859:
1854:
1848:
1843:
1837:
1833:
1827:
1821:Jutta Leonhardt
1819:
1813:
1807:
1801:
1788:
1782:
1770:
1764:
1759:
1753:
1748:
1742:
1734:
1728:
1722:
1716:
1711:
1705:
1702:
1696:
1691:
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1630:
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1595:
1589:
1584:
1578:
1573:
1567:
1562:
1556:
1549:
1534:
1529:
1523:
1518:
1512:
1510:Leviticus 14:8–9
1507:
1501:
1500:
1492:
1486:
1483:
1477:
1474:
1468:
1463:
1457:
1452:
1446:
1441:
1435:
1430:
1331:
1328:
1310:
1303:
1150:Jerusalem Temple
1135:
1134:
1004:Hillel the Elder
1001:
1000:
995:
936:Tower of Silence
782:ascribes to the
732:) or irregular (
590:After a woman's
582:Current practice
576:Haymanot Judaism
469:And whoever the
429:Orthodox Judaism
377:
376:
318:
311:
304:
158:
153:
132:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
3321:
3320:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3312:
3311:
3310:
3286:
3285:
3284:
3279:
3250:
3221:
3195:
3126:
3117:
3061:
3055:
3025:
3020:
3006:Yahrzeit candle
2967:
2855:Religious items
2850:
2772:
2694:
2675:Prayer services
2653:
2617:
2611:
2610:
2601:
2572:Hebrew birthday
2560:
2557:
2527:
2522:
2480:
2457:
2290:
2210:Sabbatical year
2198:
2144:
2102:
2024:
2016:
1979:Eliezer Melamed
1974:
1969:
1958:
1954:
1947:
1943:
1936:
1932:
1923:
1919:
1910:
1906:
1901:
1897:
1886:
1882:
1878:Herodotus, 2:37
1877:
1873:
1866:
1862:
1855:
1851:
1844:
1840:
1834:
1830:
1820:
1816:
1808:
1804:
1791:Leviticus 16:24
1789:
1785:
1771:
1767:
1760:
1756:
1751:Sefer haMaharil
1749:
1745:
1735:
1731:
1723:
1719:
1712:
1708:
1703:
1699:
1692:
1651:
1637:
1633:
1621:
1617:
1612:Leviticus 16:26
1610:
1606:
1596:
1592:
1585:
1581:
1574:
1570:
1563:
1559:
1550:
1537:
1532:Leviticus 17:15
1530:
1526:
1519:
1515:
1508:
1504:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1484:
1480:
1475:
1471:
1466:Exodus 30:18–20
1464:
1460:
1453:
1449:
1444:Leviticus 15:11
1442:
1438:
1433:Leviticus 15:13
1431:
1427:
1423:
1360:
1332:
1326:
1323:
1316:needs expansion
1298:
1098:
1056:
1028:
1016:aromatic spices
899:
866:ritually impure
854:
827:
807:Hasidic Judaism
775:
769:
713:
669:
664:
584:
534:
528:
508:
502:
445:
385:netilat yadayim
334:netilat yadayim
322:
293:
292:
248:
240:
239:
225:
217:
216:
187:Netilat yadayim
182:
151:
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3319:
3317:
3309:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3288:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3261:
3259:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3236:Hefsek taharah
3232:
3230:
3223:
3222:
3220:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3203:
3201:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3137:
3135:
3128:
3127:
3120:
3118:
3116:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3088:Jewish wedding
3085:
3080:
3075:
3069:
3067:
3066:Jewish wedding
3063:
3062:
3056:
3054:
3053:
3046:
3039:
3031:
3022:
3021:
3019:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2981:Chevra Kadisha
2977:
2975:
2969:
2968:
2966:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2914:
2913:
2908:
2907:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2886:
2885:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2858:
2856:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2782:
2780:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2738:Jewish wedding
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2704:
2702:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2665:Ritual washing
2661:
2659:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2625:
2623:
2619:
2618:
2604:
2602:
2600:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2568:
2566:
2562:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2548:
2541:
2533:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2520:
2513:
2506:
2499:
2494:
2488:
2486:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2478:
2471:
2465:
2463:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2443:
2440:Yad soledet bo
2436:
2429:
2424:
2417:
2410:
2408:Self-sacrifice
2405:
2398:
2393:
2390:Pikuach nefesh
2386:
2379:
2372:
2365:
2358:
2353:
2342:
2335:
2328:
2321:
2306:
2298:
2296:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2288:
2281:
2274:
2267:
2260:
2253:
2246:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2217:
2212:
2206:
2204:
2200:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2169:
2162:
2154:
2152:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2140:Ritual washing
2137:
2130:
2123:
2118:
2112:
2110:
2104:
2103:
2101:
2100:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2075:
2067:
2063:Kiddush hashem
2059:
2051:
2047:Geneivat da'at
2043:
2039:Chillul hashem
2034:
2032:
2026:
2025:
2017:
2015:
2014:
2007:
2000:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1973:
1972:External links
1970:
1968:
1967:
1964:Waters of Life
1952:
1941:
1930:
1917:
1904:
1895:
1890:Works and Days
1880:
1871:
1860:
1849:
1838:
1828:
1814:
1802:
1783:
1765:
1754:
1743:
1738:Genesis Rabbah
1729:
1717:
1706:
1697:
1649:
1631:
1615:
1604:
1590:
1587:Numbers 19:7–8
1579:
1568:
1557:
1535:
1524:
1513:
1502:
1487:
1478:
1469:
1458:
1447:
1436:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1405:Tevilat Keilim
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1371:
1366:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1354:
1348:
1343:
1334:
1333:
1313:
1311:
1297:
1294:
1275:Waters of Life
1120:netilat yadaim
1097:
1094:
1055:
1052:
1027:
1024:
971:Canticles 5:11
909:, a prominent
898:
895:
887:masoretic text
853:
850:
826:
823:
784:Great Assembly
771:Main article:
768:
763:
712:
707:
668:
665:
663:
660:
659:
658:
647:
641:
638:
611:
602:
583:
580:
530:Main article:
527:
524:
520:Passover seder
504:Main article:
501:
498:
489:
488:
480:
479:
475:
474:
463:
462:
444:
441:
437:Reform Judaism
424:Shulchan Aruch
360:ritual washing
324:
323:
321:
320:
313:
306:
298:
295:
294:
291:
290:
285:
280:
275:
270:
265:
260:
255:
249:
246:
245:
242:
241:
238:
237:
232:
226:
223:
222:
219:
218:
215:
214:
209:
204:
202:Hefsek taharah
199:
194:
189:
183:
180:
179:
176:
175:
174:
173:
168:
160:
159:
148:
147:
141:
140:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3318:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3262:
3260:
3258:
3253:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3224:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3198:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3103:Sheva Brachot
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3052:
3047:
3045:
3040:
3038:
3033:
3032:
3029:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2970:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2912:
2909:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2891:
2890:
2887:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2863:
2862:Sifrei Kodesh
2860:
2859:
2857:
2853:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2775:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2753:Sheva Brachot
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2713:Role of women
2711:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2697:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2656:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2622:Coming of age
2620:
2615:
2608:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2577:Shalom Zachar
2575:
2573:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2563:
2554:
2549:
2547:
2542:
2540:
2535:
2534:
2531:
2519:
2518:
2514:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2492:High Holidays
2490:
2489:
2487:
2485:Related boxes
2483:
2477:
2476:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2460:
2454:
2453:Relative hour
2451:
2449:
2448:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2437:
2435:
2434:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2422:
2421:Shomea k'oneh
2418:
2416:
2415:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2391:
2387:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2373:
2371:
2370:
2366:
2364:
2363:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2341:
2340:
2336:
2334:
2333:
2329:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2305:
2304:
2300:
2299:
2297:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2282:
2280:
2279:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2268:
2266:
2265:
2261:
2259:
2258:
2254:
2252:
2251:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2203:Agrarian laws
2201:
2195:
2194:Homosexuality
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2168:
2167:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2147:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2108:Ritual purity
2105:
2099:
2098:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2027:
2022:
2021:
2013:
2008:
2006:
2001:
1999:
1994:
1993:
1990:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1965:
1961:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1938:Exodus 29:1–4
1934:
1931:
1927:
1921:
1918:
1914:
1908:
1905:
1899:
1896:
1892:
1891:
1884:
1881:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1842:
1839:
1832:
1829:
1824:
1818:
1815:
1811:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1787:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1747:
1744:
1740:
1739:
1733:
1730:
1726:
1725:Sefer Hasidim
1721:
1718:
1715:
1710:
1707:
1701:
1698:
1695:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1576:Numbers 19:19
1572:
1569:
1566:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1540:
1536:
1533:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1506:
1503:
1498:
1491:
1488:
1482:
1479:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1429:
1426:
1420:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:and the Flood
1341:
1338:
1337:
1330:
1321:
1317:
1314:This section
1312:
1309:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1267:
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1163:According to
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1138:New Testament
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1118:, the phrase
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1063:ritual purity
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1033:
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988:grand washing
984:
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980:taharah board
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967:Ezekiel 36:25
964:
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627:Rosh Hashanah
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71: –
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65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
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43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2963:Four species
2664:
2597:Pidyon haben
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2402:Sfeka d'yoma
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2362:Ikar v'tafel
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2232:Second tithe
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2086:Noahide laws
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2055:Gezel sheina
2054:
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2018:
1963:
1960:Aryeh Kaplan
1955:
1949:Numbers 8:15
1944:
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1902:Aristeas 305
1898:
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1857:Exodus 30:18
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1320:adding to it
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1271:Aryeh Kaplan
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959:Ezekiel 5:15
955:tahara board
954:
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903:Ecclesiastes
900:
891:sin offering
855:
834:
828:
821:throughout.
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651:Temple Mount
643:
635:Hasidic Jews
605:
598:menstruation
591:
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449:Hebrew Bible
446:
443:Hebrew Bible
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52:Please help
47:verification
44:
3212:Dam betulim
2801:Torah study
2728:Matchmaking
2592:Hebrew name
2587:Zeved habat
2559:Jewish life
2227:First tithe
2121:Handwashing
2097:Yetzer hara
2079:Lifnei iver
2071:Lashon hara
1924:Baraita in
1455:Psalms 26:6
999:רחיצה גדולה
932:Zoroastrian
875:Deuteronomy
842:Deuteronomy
625:and before
540:A medieval
419:Joseph Karo
110:August 2014
3290:Categories
3207:Childbirth
3098:Prenuptial
3016:Honorifics
2733:Engagement
2690:Honorifics
2658:Daily life
2582:Brit milah
2462:Punishment
2369:Marit ayin
2237:Poor tithe
1915:, 14:10:23
1911:Josephus,
1846:Mark 7:3–9
1421:References
1340:Noah's ark
1327:April 2021
1216:synagogues
1208:Septuagint
1197:black wine
1146:Molten Sea
1071:red heifer
1032:Yom Kippur
1026:Yom Kippur
870:red heifer
794:Maimonides
619:Yom Kippur
409:Maimonides
230:Av HaTumah
197:Red heifer
80:newspapers
2427:Testimony
2350:derabanan
2346:De'oraita
2271:Sicaricon
2179:Sexuality
1623:Sophocles
1181:Herodotus
1148:" in the
1040:scapegoat
917:synagogue
864:, was so
831:Leviticus
811:Sephardic
224:Hierarchy
3133:Halakhot
3108:Shidduch
3001:Yahrzeit
2996:Tehillim
2938:Tefillin
2846:Tzedakah
2841:Holidays
2831:Chavurah
2826:Chavrusa
2811:Daf Yomi
2700:Marriage
2629:Upsherin
2497:Passover
2314:beshogeg
2310:Bemeizid
2285:Kil'ayim
2264:Bikkurim
2173:Mechitza
1887:Hesiod,
1779:Berachot
1376:in Islam
1358:See also
1252:sanitary
1248:cleansed
1233:kabbalah
1212:Josephus
1185:Egyptian
976:shrouded
963:lukewarm
836:shechita
698:tzaraath
678:tzaraath
601:Judaism.
554:biblical
375:טְבִילָה
364:ablution
343:Ancient
263:Tzaraath
135:Part of
3257:divorce
3255:Jewish
3093:Ketubah
3073:Chuppah
3059:Judaism
2991:Kaddish
2953:Menorah
2943:Mezuzah
2928:Tzitzit
2923:Machzor
2911:Midrash
2899:Tosefta
2894:Mishnah
2882:Ketuvim
2877:Nevi'im
2836:Chidush
2791:Customs
2768:Divorce
2748:Chuppah
2743:Ketubah
2685:Kashrut
2644:Yeshiva
2517:Kashrut
2503:Shabbat
2221:Terumah
2150:Modesty
2020:Halakha
1926:Shabbat
1774:Beitzah
1647:, 2:217
1279:Genesis
1220:baraita
1169:Kohanim
1133:נַטְלָה
1048:Mishnah
1020:Mishnah
924:Babylon
921:Persian
907:Raavyah
846:non-Jew
815:Mizrahi
655:Masorti
644:Taharah
631:Shabbat
558:tevilah
548:, Spain
518:in the
512:halakha
401:Mishnah
369:Tevilah
356:Judaism
207:Hagalah
94:scholar
3265:Agunah
3246:Tvilah
3241:Mikveh
3227:Purity
3217:Niddah
3186:Yichud
3181:Tzniut
3161:Negiah
3113:Yichud
3078:Erusin
3011:Yizkor
2958:Shofar
2948:Kippah
2933:Tallit
2918:Siddur
2904:Gemara
2889:Talmud
2867:Tanakh
2763:Mikvah
2758:Niddah
2723:Yichus
2718:Tzniut
2649:Kollel
2634:Wimpel
2510:Sukkot
2475:Kareth
2447:Zmanim
2414:Shinuy
2332:Chumra
2318:beones
2316:, and
2303:Aveira
2278:Hallah
2215:Tithes
2166:Yichud
2159:Negiah
2134:Niddah
2127:Mikveh
2030:Ethics
1977:Rabbi
1644:Aeneid
1639:Virgil
1390:Niddah
1385:Mikveh
1288:niddah
1269:Rabbi
1256:taboos
1244:washed
1193:Greeks
1189:Hesiod
1109:Qumran
1090:Niddah
1069:and a
1067:Temple
1044:Azazel
1012:myrtle
947:Prague
943:tahara
912:rishon
858:corpse
780:Talmud
738:niddah
730:niddah
615:minhag
593:niddah
569:mikveh
546:Besalú
542:mikveh
532:Mikveh
516:karpas
405:Talmud
382:, and
380:mikveh
345:mikveh
258:Niddah
235:Midras
192:Mikveh
171:Mikveh
152:
137:Judaic
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2986:Shiva
2973:Death
2872:Torah
2821:Siyum
2816:Shiur
2796:Rites
2376:Neder
2257:Orlah
2250:Demai
1893:, 722
1836:Lev."
1799:16:28
1795:16:26
1629:, 664
1374:Ghusl
1264:semen
1260:blood
1237:yards
1225:Zohar
1177:taboo
1154:Islam
1128:natla
1124:Psalm
1014:, or
879:atone
862:grave
860:, or
759:zavah
755:zavah
750:zavah
746:zavah
742:zavah
734:zavah
725:zavah
717:zavah
710:Zavah
687:Zavah
673:Torah
431:. In
362:, or
349:Gamla
273:Zavah
101:JSTOR
87:books
2348:and
1928:109a
1810:Yoma
1777:6a;
1741:38:5
1627:Ajax
1415:Wudu
1262:and
1229:soul
1191:the
1183:the
1158:wudu
1008:rose
819:keri
813:and
803:Keri
799:Keri
788:Ezra
773:Keri
766:Keri
740:and
671:The
607:keri
447:The
403:and
253:Keri
73:news
3270:Get
1812:3:3
1781:8:1
1727:560
1322:.
1273:in
1042:to
786:of
683:Zav
562:zav
471:zav
458:zav
421:'s
392:).
354:In
268:Zav
56:by
3292::
2312:,
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1962:,
1797:,
1793:,
1652:^
1641:,
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1538:^
1160:.
1010:,
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761:.
705:.
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2004:t
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