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Food production facilities use acetylpropionyl in foods such as cookies, coffee, cereal, and chocolate. It is also found in nicotine containing liquids for vaping, and in flavored cigarettes. It is often used as a flavoring substitute for
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in 2013 at a flavoring manufacturer that used acetylpropionyl revealed that those workers who spent the most time working with flavoring chemicals, including acetylpropionyl, were more likely to have abnormal lung function as detected by
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to give a buttery or caramel flavor. There is substantial evidence of the pulmonary toxicity of acetylpropionyl in animals. Rats exposed to acetylpropionyl develop both
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in 2009 at a facility that used buttermilk flavoring containing acetylpropionyl demonstrated that workers had higher than average reports of shortness of breath,
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for acetylpropionyl, abnormal lung function values were associated with total time spent in production areas. An investigation by
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Hardo Siegel, Manfred
Eggersdorfer "Ketones" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2005, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.
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Report on an
Investigation of Buttermilk Flavoring Exposures and Respiratory Health at a Bakery Mix Production Facility
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Cummings, Kristin J.; Boylstein, Randy J.; Stanton, Marcia L.; Piacitelli, Chris A. (September 2013).
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Holden, Van K.; Hines, Stella E. (March 2016). "Update on flavoring-induced lung disease".
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An evaluation of respiratory health at a flavoring manufacturing facility -- Kentucky
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652:"Recognizing occupational effects of diacetyl: What can we learn from this history?"
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407:, with an odor described as "buttery, cheesy, sweet, nutty, fruity, creamy, caramel"
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Acetylpropionyl has been used as a substitute for the toxic flavoring chemical
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of the respiratory tract. Mice exposed to acetylpropionyl demonstrate more
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Day, Gregory A.; Cummings, Kristin J.; Kullman, Greg J. (November 2009).
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
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626:"Flavorings-Related Lung Disease: Exposures to Flavoring Chemicals"
703:. In Eaton, David L.; Kwan, Leslie Y.; Stratton, Kathleen (eds.).
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National
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (2018).
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The
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
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448:. It is also known to cause genetic changes in animal brains.
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707:. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. p. 175.
701:"Chapter 5: Toxicology of E-Cigarette Constituents"
424:As a flavoring agent, it is an ingredient in some
416:, but may share similar human pulmonary toxicity.
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705:Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes
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237:InChI=1S/C5H8O2/c1-3-5(7)4(2)6/h3H2,1-2H3
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247:InChI=1/C5H8O2/c1-3-5(7)4(2)6/h3H2,1-2H3
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369:Uses for acetylpropionyl include as a:
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573:Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
545:"2,3-Pentanedione (Acetyl Propionyl)"
240:Key: TZMFJUDUGYTVRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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250:Key: TZMFJUDUGYTVRY-UHFFFAOYAL
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650:Kreiss, Kathleen (August 2017).
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332:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
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533:10.1002/14356007.a15_077
478:pulmonary function tests
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376:for cellulose acetate,
446:methacholine challenge
428:products for use with
390:Starting material for
430:electronic cigarettes
492:, a similar diketone
37:Preferred IUPAC name
322: g·mol
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515:"2,3-Pentanedione"
336:Infobox references
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722:978-0-309-46834-3
632:. CDC. 2018-11-21
362:, specifically a
344:Chemical compound
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193:CompTox Dashboard
97:Interactive image
41:Pentane-2,3-dione
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360:organic compound
356:2,3-pentanedione
352:acetyl propionyl
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56:Identifiers
48:Other names
280:Properties
135:100.009.078
780:Categories
656:Toxicology
636:2020-04-05
502:References
469:spirometry
396:pesticides
315:Molar mass
181:K4WBE45SCM
108:ChemSpider
84:3D model (
63:CAS Number
786:Diketones
662:: 48–54.
593:1070-5287
480:.
442:bronchial
731:29894118
686:27326900
609:23095196
601:26761629
490:Diacetyl
484:See also
457:diacetyl
453:diacetyl
438:necrosis
434:fibrosis
426:e-liquid
414:diacetyl
386:lacquers
364:diketone
358:, is an
73:600-14-6
791:Flavors
677:5323392
496:Acetoin
374:Solvent
320:100.117
148:PubChem
729:
719:
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465:asthma
420:Safety
405:Flavor
398:, and
384:, and
378:paints
264:SMILES
31:Names
767:(PDF)
749:(PDF)
605:S2CID
473:NIOSH
461:NIOSH
400:drugs
229:InChI
161:11747
117:11254
86:JSmol
727:PMID
717:ISBN
682:PMID
597:PMID
589:ISSN
436:and
392:dyes
382:inks
172:UNII
709:doi
672:PMC
664:doi
660:388
581:doi
529:doi
354:or
198:EPA
151:CID
782::
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308:2
305:O
302:8
299:H
296:5
293:C
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196:(
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