44:
239:. It had a caudal fin, anal fin, and possibly a small dorsal fin. Its eyes were large and it had a rimmed, circular mouth on the end of its head. It had a branchial basket, though it is hard to define exactly in the fossil. Thirteen branchial openings, and possibly associated
198:
was first referenced in 1978 by Jack Saxon, but was only briefly described. The name was used again in a paper from 1986, but it was in reference to poorly preserved specimens that could not be used for formal diagnosis.
224:, displayed in their fossils. This was further supported due to the fact that its branchial openings were small and uniform in size compared to the larger, more irregular holes found in decayed fish.
594:
650:
581:
640:
645:
391:
293:
The presence of an unidentifiable tube, leading from the branchial openings to the head, may suggest a piston cartilage as in
203:
was finally described as a new genus and species in 2002 by
Michael J. Newman based on new and better preserved fossils.
43:
303:
is a close relative of lampreys, though the true function of the tube structure is not for certain. Instead,
635:
534:
138:
174:
409:"Palaeoecology and sedimentology of the Achanarras fish bed of the Middle Old Red Sandstone, Scotland"
258:
with reasonable confidence due to its apparent bilateral symmetry and paired gill openings. Though a
316:
101:
235:
was a small, slender jawless fish. It ranged from 20–90mm long. Overall, its form was similar to a
38:
607:
599:
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467:
428:
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612:
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88:
629:
270:
502:
557:
566:
446:
Wilson, Mark V. H.; Schultze, Hans-Peter; Cloutier, Richard (18 February 1997).
264:
262:
is not present, epichordal fin supports are, which are also seen in vertebrates
220:
408:
424:
287:
218:
fossils do not follow decay patterns that acanthodians, like the contemporary
211:
510:
471:
432:
376:
368:
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259:
55:
486:
518:
551:
255:
75:
586:
236:
170:
447:
353:"A New Naked Jawless Vertebrate From The Middle Devonian Of Scotland"
65:
528:
463:
487:"First fossil lamprey: a record from the Pennsylvanian of Illinois"
532:
413:
Transactions of the Royal
Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences
311:, though the body proportions are different between them.
448:"Devonian Fishes and Plants of Miguasha, Quebec, Canada"
214:. This idea was later argued against on the basis that
541:
278:is also comparable to other early vertebrates like
243:, are discernible, but there may be over twenty.
485:Bardack, D.; Zangerl, R. (13 December 1968).
8:
529:
393:The Fossil Fishes of the North of Scotland
210:specimens may actually be heavily decayed
20:
181:. The only known species in the genus is
332:
206:It was proposed in 1996 that the known
7:
346:
344:
342:
340:
338:
336:
282:, so it is justified to assume that
14:
315:was placed within its own family
351:Newman, M. J. (September 2002).
42:
651:Prehistoric jawless fish genera
16:Extinct species of jawless fish
1:
641:Fossil taxa described in 2002
503:10.1126/science.162.3859.1265
274:. The overall morphology of
254:is able to be placed under
177:in Scotland, dating to the
667:
646:Prehistoric fish of Europe
425:10.1017/s0263593300010737
407:Trewin, Nigel H. (1986).
144:
137:
39:Scientific classification
37:
23:
491:Science (New York, N.Y.)
369:10.1111/1475-4983.00269
307:most closely resembles
169:is a genus of extinct
299:. This would suggest
390:Saxon, Jack (1975).
497:(3859): 1265–1267.
201:Achanarella trewini
191:History of research
184:Achanarella trewini
151:Achanarella trewini
396:. Caithness Books.
623:
622:
608:Open Tree of Life
535:Taxon identifiers
319:, which is under
175:Achanarras Quarry
162:
161:
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241:branchial arches
153:
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113:
100:
87:
47:
46:
29:Temporal range:
21:
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464:10.2307/1447873
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179:Middle Devonian
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130:A. trewini
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98:
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41:
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31:Middle Devonian
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
664:
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654:
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636:Anaspidomorphi
628:
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604:
591:
578:
563:
547:
545:
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477:
438:
399:
382:
363:(5): 933–941.
331:
330:
328:
325:
321:Jamoytiiformes
317:Achanarellidae
305:Euphaneropidae
248:
245:
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142:
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135:
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126:
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109:
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102:Achanarellidae
96:
92:
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89:Jamoytiiformes
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357:Palaeontology
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139:Binomial name
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26:
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494:
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451:
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419:(1): 21–46.
416:
412:
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360:
356:
312:
308:
300:
294:
292:
283:
279:
275:
271:Cornovicthys
269:
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251:
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232:
231:
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212:acanthodians
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171:jawless fish
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164:
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157:Newman, 2002
150:
145:
129:
128:
115:
114:
24:
18:
573:Achanarella
567:Wikispecies
543:Achanarella
313:Achanarella
309:Achanarella
301:Achanarella
286:was also a
284:Achanarella
265:Endeiolepis
252:Achanarella
233:Achanarella
228:Description
221:Mesacanthus
216:Achanarella
208:Achanarella
196:Achanarella
166:Achanarella
116:Achanarella
25:Achanarella
630:Categories
458:(1): 244.
327:References
288:vertebrate
276:Achnarella
558:Q22102602
511:0036-8075
472:0045-8511
433:0263-5933
377:0031-0239
296:Mayomyzon
280:Jamoytius
260:notochord
173:from the
123:Species:
62:Kingdom:
56:Eukaryota
552:Wikidata
256:Chordata
247:Taxonomy
95:Family:
76:Chordata
72:Phylum:
66:Animalia
52:Domain:
613:4141258
600:1388314
587:4823962
519:5699202
237:lamprey
148:†
127:†
108:Genus:
82:Order:
517:
509:
470:
452:Copeia
431:
375:
595:IRMNG
582:GBIF
515:PMID
507:ISSN
468:ISSN
456:1997
429:ISSN
373:ISSN
268:and
499:doi
495:162
460:doi
421:doi
365:doi
632::
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597::
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554::
513:.
505:.
493:.
489:.
466:.
454:.
450:.
427:.
417:77
415:.
411:.
371:.
361:45
359:.
355:.
335:^
323:.
290:.
187:.
521:.
501::
474:.
462::
435:.
423::
379:.
367::
112:†
99:†
86:†
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