221:. Whereas a passive matrix display uses a simple conductive grid to apply a voltage to the liquid crystals in the target area, an active-matrix display uses a grid of transistors and capacitors with the ability to hold a charge for a limited period of time. Because of the switching action of transistors, only the desired pixel receives a charge, and the pixel acts as a capacitor to hold the charge until the next refresh cycle, improving image quality over a passive matrix. This is a special version of a
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Thin-film transistors are usually used for constructing an active matrix so that the two terms are often interchanged, even though a thin-film transistor is just one component in an active matrix and some active-matrix designs have used other components such as
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There are many kinds of AMLCD. For their integrated switching devices most use transistors made of deposited thin films, which are therefore called thin-film transistors (TFTs).
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The most common type of AMLCD contains, besides the polarizing sheets and cells of liquid crystal, a matrix of thin-film transistors to make a
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on the display while all the other pixels are being updated. This method provides a much brighter, sharper display than a
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Werner, Ken; Castellano, Joseph A. (2022). "The 60th
Anniversary of TFTs and the Evolution of High-Resolution Displays".
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Brody, T. P.; Fang Chen Luo; Szepesi, Z. P.; Davies, D. H. (1975). "A 6 x 6-in 20-lpi electroluminescent display panel".
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in 1972. However, it took years of additional research and development by others to launch successful products.
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Eduard Rhein
Stiftung 1988 Technology Award Dr. T. Peter Brody: Basic development of TFT liquid crystal display
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of the same size. An important specification for these displays is their viewing-angle.
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The term "active matrix" was coined by T. Peter Brody in 1975.
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screen, due to low weight, very good image quality, wide color
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260:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
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173:in 1968. The first functional AMLCD with
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