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120:. Reportedly, Aemilia had initially been seduced by Lucius Veturius. After this, she arranged for Marcia and Licinia to have sexual relations with Lucius Veturius' male friends. Aemilia and Licinia had multiple lovers, while Marcia had a monogamous relationship. The three vestals were prosecuted after being reported to the authorities by their slave Manius, who had helped in exchange for
331:
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The second trial ended in a guilty verdict for both
Licinia and Marcia who were both sentenced to be executed by being buried alive. During the trial, several men were implicated as the alleged lovers of the vestals and prosecuted. This involved several prominent people and the process has by some
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The acquittal of Marcia and
Licinia created public outrage in Rome because of Manius' testimony that the sexual crimes of the vestals had been an open secret and tolerated among the aristocracy, and the public interpreted the outcome as a case of corruption among the elite. The case against Licinia
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he never received. According to Manius, the affairs of the vestals was widely tolerated within the Roman aristocracy. The trial was a great scandal in contemporary Rome. Aemilia was found guilty and sentenced to death by the
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and the daughter of Gaius
Licinius Crassus. In 123, her dedication of an altar was cancelled by the pontiffs because it had been made without the approval of the people. Marcia was a member of the plebeian gens
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of Vesta from the pollution which was believed to have soiled it because of the crimes. A new temple to Venus was constructed, and four men were buried alive in the
75:. Licinia and Marcia were subsequently put to death as well. The trials were heavily influenced by the political background and network of the participants.
38:
71:, who sentenced Aemilia to death in 114 BC. The decision to spare the other two vestals triggered outrage and led to a follow-up trial headed by
226:
Friedrich Münzer: Marcius 114). In: Paulys
Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft (RE). Band XIV,2, Stuttgart 1930, Sp. 1601 f.
64:, who were prosecuted for having broken the vow of chastity in two famous trials between 115 and 113 BC. The first trial was conducted by the
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49:("as you propose"). Vesta and the voter are allusions to the election of Longinus Ravilla as prosecutor in the Vestals' case of 113.
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2nd century BC Roman Vestal
Virgins prosecuted for breaking their vow of chastity
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In
December 114 BC, the vestals Aemilia, Marcia and Licinia were tried for
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been interpreted as political. Among those men implicated were the orator
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175:, who was known for his severity. Licinia was defended by the orator
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and Marcia was therefore reopened the following year by the tribune
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is portrayed on the obverse. The reverse is a depiction of the
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45:. On the reverse, a voter is casting a ballot inscribed V, for
162:("acquitted" or "condemned"), a further reference to the trial.
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After the trial, several rituals were conducted to clean the
346:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman
Biography and Mythology
362:"M. Antonius and the Trial of the Vestal Virgins"
277:"M. Antonius and the Trial of the Vestal Virgins"
238:"M. Antonius and the Trial of the Vestal Virgins"
408:, American Philological Association, 1952–1986.
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93:. Licinia was a member of the plebeian gens
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155:) is on the right. It is inscribed A C for
132:. Licinia and Marcia were both acquitted.
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406:The Magistrates of the Roman Republic
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130:Lucius Caecilius Metellus Dalmaticus
418:, Cambridge University Press, 1974.
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366:Rheinisches Museum für Philologie
281:Rheinisches Museum für Philologie
242:Rheinisches Museum für Philologie
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173:Lucius Cassius Longinus Ravilla
41:, 63 BC. The obverse depicts
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102:and possibly the daughter of
447:Executed ancient Roman women
83:Aemilia was a member of the
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442:2nd-century BC Roman women
416:Roman Republican Coinage
360:Gruen, Erich S. (1968).
315:Roman Republican Coinage
275:Gruen, Erich S. (1968).
236:Gruen, Erich S. (1968).
215:Roman Republican Coinage
141:Quintus Cassius Longinus
73:Cassius Longinus Ravilla
177:Lucius Licinius Crassus
39:Lucius Cassius Longinus
402:T. Robert S. Broughton
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187:, who was acquitted.
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106:, praetor in 144 BC.
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104:Quintus Marcius Rex
69:Metellus Delmaticus
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122:manumission
60:were Roman
426:Categories
313:Crawford,
213:Crawford,
202:References
143:, 55 BC.
110:The trials
378:0035-449X
372:(1): 63.
317:, p. 452.
293:0035-449X
287:(1): 60.
254:0035-449X
217:, p. 440.
192:holy fire
85:patrician
47:uti rogas
386:41244355
301:41244355
262:41244355
160:Condemno
145:Libertas
117:incestum
35:Denarius
157:Absolvo
153:tabella
95:Licinia
91:Aemilia
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100:Marcia
58:Marcia
382:JSTOR
297:JSTOR
258:JSTOR
43:Vesta
374:ISSN
289:ISSN
250:ISSN
88:gens
56:and
370:111
285:111
246:111
37:of
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