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812:, but are usually aligned under an Operations Group instead of a Medical Group. Aeromedical evacuation usually involves medical transportation of active-duty military members, but in the past, AE also included a significant amount of transportation of military dependents requiring specialized care. Until recently, the U.S. Air Force had a number of specialized
465:
667:, a modified version of the DC-9 commercial airliner. A rapidly expanding system of regular air evacuation flights throughout the world was established and tactical evacuation from battlefield areas was improved by the addition of new transport aircraft such as the
808:, Ohio, instructing Aeromedical Evacuation Initial Qualification (AEIQ) course for all Active Duty and ANG, some Air Force Reserve Flight Nurses and Aeromedical Evacuation Technicians. All AE units are primarily manned by personnel from the
353:
fitted out as an air ambulance. It carried a single stretcher under a fairing behind the pilot. The French evacuated over 7,000 casualties during that period. By 1936, an organized military air ambulance service evacuated wounded from the
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transports were modified to carry up to 9 litter patients and were used on an opportune basis in the US and Panama. This led to a directive that all future military transports be equipped with brackets for carrying litters.
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aircraft to fly patients from remote
Pacific islands to larger bases and on to stateside hospitals. By the war's end more than 1.3 million patients had been transported worldwide, with fewer than 60 inflight deaths.
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thousands of wounded and injured were transported from
Southwest Asia, while air evac assets were also used in Somalia, the Balkans and also for moving patients in the US during disasters such as
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which could carry up to 127 litters or a combination of up to 200 litter and ambulatory patients. By July 1953 310,000 patients had been transported both within and from the Korean peninsula.
326:
services, both official and unofficial, started up in various parts of the world. Aircraft were still primitive at the time, with limited capabilities, and the efforts received mixed reviews.
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855:, and other opportune aircraft. AE flight nurses and medical technicians have the capability to fly patients on over six different aircraft. The primary aircraft used include the C-130,
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Since
October 2001, more than 48,000 US military servicemen have been aeromedically evacuated during the Afghan and Iraqi wars for both battle and non-battle injuries.
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was developed, the first aircraft designed specifically for the transport of patients. It was followed in 1925 by the XA-1, which could carry 2 litter patients and
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transport which could carry up to 80 litters or a mix of 125 litter and ambulatory on non-stop routes to Alaska, California and the east coast. During the
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began a slow buildup of AE assets in the
Pacific and Southeast Asia, at the height of the war intratheater missions were flown using helicopters and older
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airliner; it could carry 44 litters and fly more than 30% faster than piston engine aircraft. Air Evac assets were used for humanitarian missions out of
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AE units were established in the late 1950s and early 1960s, the Air Force entered the jet age in 1961 with the addition of the
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In the postwar era a system of intratheater evacuation was established in the US and Europe, with the establishment of the
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were then used to fly patients to large airfields where they were later transported on to Japan, Hawaii and the US by
589:. The School of Air Evacuation was transferred to be part of the School of Aviation Medicine in 1944, now called the
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577:(MAES) staffed by nurses and medics who were trained to provide care to patients on air evac missions; in 1942 the
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816:"Nightingale" aircraft dedicated to aeromedical evacuation. These aircraft have now been retired from service.
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748:(USAF) has several specialized medical transportation units. Within the U.S. Air Force, AE is coordinated by
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the Army began using helicopters for transporting casualties from the battlefield to rear area hospitals and
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The first crude attempts at evacuating patients by air were made on biplanes in 1918. Shortly thereafter,
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1556:"Aeromedical Evacuation of Biological Warfare Casualties: A Treatise on Infectious Diseases on Aircraft"
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Dolev, E (1984). "The first recorded aeromedical evacuation in the
British Army--the true story".
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An extensive peacetime network of air evacuation was established using C-9 aircraft based at
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used fully organized aeromedical evacuation services during the
African and Middle Eastern
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1991:
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with helicopters was the evacuation of three
British pilot combat casualties by a US Army
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aircraft, retrograde missions to Japan, The
Philippines were flown using the newer
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1492:"The first recorded aeromedical evacuation in the British Army--the true story"
1412:"The first recorded aeromedical evacuation in the British Army--the true story"
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1472:"Lam, DM. Wings of Life and Hope: A History of Aeromedical Evacuation."
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units. Also, AMC Air
Operations Squadron Detachment 4 operates out of
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In 1954 the Air Force received its first dedicated AE platform, the
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1566:(11 Suppl). Association of Military Surgeons of the U.S.: 1–21.
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Aeromedical evacuation was used to transport injured from the
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transports for longer flights to large medical facilities in
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of the 1920s. In 1920, the
British, while suppressing the "
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joined the mission in 1944 by using various seaplanes and
827:, as well as to respond to humanitarian missions such as
277:
C-9 Nightingale formerly used for Aeromedical Evacuation
796:, Okinawa. The majority of AE Squadrons are made up of
486:
1799:
Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces
938:
United States Air Forces in Europe – Air Forces Africa
1782:
House Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces
1386:
United States Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine
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more than half a million patients were transported.
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United States Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine
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Military medical organizations of the United States
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823:(2003–2011), including Operation New Dawn, and the
529:were modified by the Army Air Service for carrying
253:An aeromedical evacuation of injured patients by a
159:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1777:House Subcommittee on Tactical Air and Land Forces
557:evacuation was established in both theaters using
1648:Delta Dustoff - Aeromedical evacuation in Vietnam
541:in a compartment behind the cockpit. Eventually
1598:"Gulf War created need for better critical care"
573:and mainland US. The Army Air Corps established
687:transport which was a military version of the
1668:
8:
843:provide tactical aeromedical evacuation for
2413:Air ambulance services in the United States
1554:Withers, M. R.; Christopher, G. W. (2000).
427:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
299:ambulance flight took place in 1917 in the
61:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1824:
1675:
1661:
1653:
1613:Aeromedics - medical retrieval specialists
1600:. Air Force Surgeon General Public Affairs
315:who had been shot in the ankle during the
97:. Please do not remove this message until
1571:
1507:
1427:
509:Learn how and when to remove this message
447:Learn how and when to remove this message
237:Learn how and when to remove this message
219:Learn how and when to remove this message
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
93:Relevant discussion may be found on the
1496:Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps
1416:Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps
1402:
565:aircraft for shorter flights and later
1871:Operational Test and Evaluation Center
1735:Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force
1623:Aerovac World Community Blog and Forum
788:, Germany, while the Pacific Theater (
7:
1596:Hymel, Kevin M. (January 14, 2016).
1360:35th Aeromedical Evacuation Squadron
847:and regional Unified Commands using
425:adding citations to reliable sources
157:adding citations to reliable sources
833:43d Aeromedical Evacuation Squadron
381:by U.S. forces occurred during the
329:Development of the idea continued.
2372:Air & Space Forces Association
1789:Senate Committee on Armed Services
613:in 1947 came the formation of the
25:
377:, and the first dedicated use of
42:This article has multiple issues.
2386:
2385:
2284:Division of Military Aeronautics
1809:
1708:Under Secretary of the Air Force
575:Medical Air Evacuation Squadrons
489:, and discuss this issue on the
474:may have confusing or ambiguous
463:
397:
133:
72:
31:
874:Current U.S. Air Force AE units
792:) is served by the 18th AES at
595:Wright-Patterson Air Force Base
593:(USAFSAM) currently located at
288:) usually refers to the use of
144:needs additional citations for
50:or discuss these issues on the
2195:Reserve Officer Training Corps
2152:Judge Advocate General's Corps
1794:Senate Subcommittee on Airland
1772:House Armed Services Committee
825:War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
615:Military Air Transport Service
1:
2343:Women Airforce Service Pilots
1476:4(4): 477–494, December 1990.
579:Army School of Air Evacuation
309:Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2c
1573:10.1093/milmed/165.suppl_3.1
292:to carry wounded personnel.
1698:Department of the Air Force
1380:Royal Flying Doctor Service
290:military transport aircraft
99:conditions to do so are met
18:Aeromedical evacuation unit
2434:
1703:Secretary of the Air Force
1633:AF Article on AES Training
1490:Dolev, E (February 1986).
1474:Problems in Critical Care,
1410:Dolev, E (February 1986).
1365:Aeromedical Isolation Team
988:Air Forces Central Command
311:flew out a soldier in the
303:some 30 miles south of El
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1807:
1025:Air Force Reserve Command
1015:485th EAES - Kuwait IAP,
810:Air Force Medical Service
385:, between 1950 and 1953.
358:for medical treatment in
2205:Airman Leadership School
2007:Thirteenth Expeditionary
1845:Field Operating Agencies
1463:, 13 April 1956, p. 424.
619:Military Airlift Command
553:an extensive network of
168:"Aeromedical evacuation"
2190:Officer Training School
1684:United States Air Force
1628:Article on AES Training
1509:10.1136/jramc-132-01-08
1429:10.1136/jramc-132-01-08
746:United States Air Force
2233:Awards and decorations
1866:District of Washington
1859:Direct Reporting Units
1618:43d AES, Pope AFB info
735:Operation Desert Storm
317:raid on Bir el Hassana
282:Aeromedical evacuation
278:
270:
2276:Aeronautical Division
1006:Ali Al Salem Air Base
983:(C-17, C-130, KC-135)
932:(C-17, C-130, KC-135)
814:McDonnell Douglas C-9
322:In the 1920s several
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252:
2147:Aeronautical ratings
1746:Three-star generals
1370:Battlefield medicine
1121:Wright-Patterson AFB
880:Air Mobility Command
853:C-17 Globemaster III
831:. Units such as the
806:Wright-Patterson AFB
754:Scott Air Force Base
750:Air Mobility Command
623:Air Mobility Command
587:Louisville, Kentucky
487:improve this article
421:improve this section
313:Imperial Camel Corps
153:improve this article
1944:Numbered Air Forces
1725:Vice Chief of Staff
1638:AE Hurricane relief
1350:Casualty evacuation
1240:Minneapolis-St Paul
1220:Minneapolis-St Paul
837:Pope Air Force Base
780:) is served by the
581:was established at
295:The first recorded
86:of this article is
2302:The U.S. Air Force
2215:Fitness Assessment
2172:Chief of Chaplains
2091:Civilian auxiliary
1840:Air National Guard
1742:Four-star generals
1355:Medical evacuation
1232:Air National Guard
969:Pacific Air Forces
802:Air National Guard
702:The US entry into
699:during the 1950s.
681:Air National Guard
481:Please review the
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271:
2400:
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2185:Air Force Academy
2103:
2102:
1730:Director of Staff
1560:Military Medicine
1375:Military medicine
1198:Niagara Falls IAP
995:Al Udeid Air Base
957:Ramstein Air Base
946:Ramstein Air Base
829:Hurricane Katrina
798:Air Force Reserve
739:Hurricane Katrina
677:Air Force Reserve
636:units, Air Force
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365:The first use of
356:Spanish Civil War
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16:(Redirected from
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665:C-9 Nightingale
661:C-131 Samaritan
644:and also newer
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841:North Carolina
774:North Carolina
673:C-130 Hercules
669:C-123 Provider
539:flight surgeon
533:. In 1921 the
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2352:Air Force Two
2349:
2348:Air Force One
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2112:
2108:Personnel and
2106:
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2068:
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2037:Twenty-Second
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2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
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1912:
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1883:
1877:
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1869:
1867:
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1851:
1850:Installations
1848:
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1484:Other sources
1483:
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1345:Air Ambulance
1343:
1342:
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1333:
1329:
1325:
1322:
1321:West Virginia
1318:
1314:
1311:
1307:
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1199:
1195:
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1177:
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1166:
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1159:
1155:
1151:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1114:Massachusetts
1111:
1107:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1026:
1019:(C-17, C-130)
1018:
1014:
1011:
1007:
1004:386th EAEF -
1003:
1001:(C-17, C-130)
1000:
996:
993:379th EAES -
992:
991:
990:
989:
982:
978:
974:
973:
972:
971:
970:
963:(C-17, C-130)
962:
958:
954:
951:
947:
943:
942:
941:
940:
939:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
908:775th EAEF -
907:
904:
900:
896:
893:
889:
886:60th AES -
885:
884:
883:
882:
881:
873:
871:
868:
866:
862:
861:Boeing KC-135
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
835:, located at
834:
830:
826:
822:
817:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
742:
740:
736:
732:
731:Rhein-Main AB
728:
723:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
700:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
675:. The first
674:
670:
666:
662:
657:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
626:
624:
620:
616:
612:
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592:
588:
584:
580:
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568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
547:
544:
540:
536:
535:Curtiss Eagle
532:
528:
524:
513:
510:
502:
492:
488:
484:
478:
477:
476:abbreviations
472:This article
470:
461:
460:
451:
448:
440:
430:
426:
422:
416:
415:
411:
406:This section
404:
400:
395:
394:
389:United States
388:
386:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
363:
361:
357:
352:
348:
344:
340:
339:colonial wars
336:
332:
327:
325:
320:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
293:
291:
287:
283:
275:
268:
264:
260:
256:
251:
241:
238:
223:
220:
212:
201:
198:
194:
191:
187:
184:
180:
177:
173:
170: –
169:
165:
164:Find sources:
158:
154:
148:
147:
142:This article
140:
136:
131:
130:
121:
118:
110:
107:February 2016
100:
96:
90:
89:
85:
79:
70:
69:
64:
62:
55:
54:
49:
48:
43:
38:
29:
28:
19:
2384:
2362:Thunderbirds
2224:Uniforms and
1876:USAF Academy
1765:2020–present
1602:. Retrieved
1563:
1559:
1538:
1534:
1499:
1495:
1473:
1468:
1460:
1454:
1419:
1415:
1405:
1315:167th AES -
1304:156th AES -
1293:187th AES -
1282:146th AES -
1260:139th AES -
1249:137th AES -
1238:109th AES -
1230:
1229:
1218:934th AES -
1207:932d AES -
1196:914th AES -
1191:Pennsylvania
1185:911th AES -
1174:908th AES -
1163:514th AES -
1152:459th AES -
1141:452d AES -
1130:446th AES -
1119:445th AES -
1110:Westover ARB
1108:439th AES -
1099:Lackland AFB
1097:433d AES -
1086:349th AES -
1075:315th AES -
1064:94th AES -
1053:45th AES -
1042:36th AES -
1033:Peterson AFB
1031:34th AES -
1023:
1022:
987:
986:
975:18th AES -
967:
966:
955:86th AES -
944:10th EAEF -
936:
935:
918:Lackland AFB
897:375th AES -
878:
877:
869:
865:Learjet C-21
818:
743:
729:, Illinois,
724:
701:
658:
627:
611:US Air Force
608:
583:Bowman Field
551:World War II
548:
527:DH-4 bombers
520:
505:
496:
473:
443:
437:October 2014
434:
419:Please help
407:
364:
360:Nazi Germany
328:
321:
294:
285:
281:
280:
233:
215:
209:January 2013
206:
196:
189:
182:
175:
163:
151:Please help
146:verification
143:
113:
104:
82:
58:
51:
45:
44:Please help
41:
2357:Honor Guard
2318:Core Values
2262:History and
1604:January 15,
1502:(1): 34–6.
1422:(1): 34–6.
1382:, Australia
1332:Mississippi
1326:183d AES -
1271:142d AES -
1262:Schenectady
1176:Maxwell AFB
1165:McGuire AFB
1154:Andrews AFB
1132:McChord AFB
1066:Dobbins ARB
1055:MacDill AFB
1048:Mississippi
1044:Keesler AFB
910:Andrews AFB
845:U.S. troops
821:War in Iraq
786:Ramstein AB
752:located at
720:Vietnam War
628:During the
555:aeromedical
543:Douglas C-1
379:helicopters
351:Airco DH.9A
324:aeromedical
259:Balad, Iraq
2407:Categories
2264:traditions
2183:Training:
2027:Nineteenth
2022:Eighteenth
1691:Leadership
1392:References
1317:Charleston
1288:California
1273:New Castle
1268:(C/LC-130)
1169:New Jersey
1147:California
1136:Washington
1092:California
1088:Travis AFB
1050:(C/WC-130)
930:California
926:Travis AFB
892:California
888:Travis AFB
764:, and the
630:Korean War
499:March 2016
383:Korean War
349:, used an
347:Somaliland
343:Mad Mullah
179:newspapers
84:neutrality
47:improve it
2243:Equipment
2226:equipment
2157:RED HORSE
2117:Personnel
2074:Squadrons
2032:Twentieth
2017:Sixteenth
2012:Fifteenth
1820:Structure
1760:2010–2019
1755:2000–2009
1750:1940–1959
1715:Air Staff
1643:AE at War
1397:Citations
1306:Charlotte
1244:Minnesota
1224:Minnesota
1209:Scott AFB
1143:March ARB
899:Scott AFB
762:Scott AFB
727:Scott AFB
491:talk page
408:does not
269:, in 2007
95:talk page
53:talk page
2391:Category
2333:Memorial
2253:Uniforms
2248:Aircraft
2135:enlisted
2125:officers
2110:training
1997:Eleventh
1828:Commands
1582:11143422
1547:11614052
1526:25684014
1446:25684014
1339:See also
1295:Cheyenne
1277:Delaware
1266:New York
1257:(KC-135)
1255:Oklahoma
1213:Illinois
1204:(KC-135)
1202:New York
1160:(KC-135)
1158:Maryland
1061:(KC-135)
1037:Colorado
914:Maryland
903:Illinois
782:86th AES
770:Pope AFB
758:Illinois
621:and now
371:Sikorsky
333:and the
263:Ramstein
88:disputed
2271:History
2002:Twelfth
1977:Seventh
1835:Reserve
1518:3517313
1438:3517313
1328:Jackson
1323:(C-130)
1301:(C-130)
1299:Wyoming
1290:(C-130)
1279:(C-130)
1246:(C-130)
1226:(C-130)
1215:(C-130)
1182:(C-130)
1180:Alabama
1116:(C-130)
1105:(C-130)
1072:(C-130)
1070:Georgia
1059:Florida
1039:(C-130)
1012:(C-130)
961:Germany
950:Germany
905:(C-130)
766:43d AES
704:Vietnam
697:Hungary
693:Lebanon
617:(later
599:US Navy
549:During
531:litters
485:, help
429:removed
414:sources
367:medevac
307:when a
297:British
267:Germany
193:scholar
2328:Symbol
2238:Badges
2130:cadets
2062:Groups
1982:Eighth
1967:Fourth
1957:Second
1580:
1545:
1524:
1516:
1461:Flight
1444:
1436:
1334:(C-17)
1312:(C-17)
1284:Oxnard
1193:(C-17)
1171:(C-17)
1138:(C-17)
1127:(C-17)
1094:(C-17)
1083:(C-17)
1017:Kuwait
1010:Kuwait
952:(C-17)
894:(C-17)
863:, and
571:Hawaii
331:France
195:
188:
181:
174:
166:
2121:Rank
2050:Wings
1992:Tenth
1987:Ninth
1972:Fifth
1962:Third
1952:First
1929:PACAF
1919:AFSOC
1904:AFGSC
1535:Korot
1522:S2CID
1442:S2CID
1103:Texas
999:Qatar
981:Japan
922:Texas
790:PACAF
778:USAFE
716:C-141
685:C-135
654:C-124
650:C-121
638:C-47s
523:JN-4s
345:" in
305:Arish
257:from
200:JSTOR
186:books
2323:Flag
2210:SERE
1914:AFRC
1909:AFMC
1899:AETC
1606:2016
1578:PMID
1543:PMID
1514:PMID
1434:PMID
1125:Ohio
857:C-17
800:and
744:The
712:C-54
710:and
708:C-47
695:and
679:and
671:and
652:and
646:C-97
642:C-54
634:MASH
603:PB4Y
567:C-54
563:C-47
561:and
559:C-46
525:and
412:any
410:cite
255:C-17
172:news
81:The
2079:ANG
2067:ANG
2055:ANG
1924:AMC
1894:ACC
1568:doi
1564:165
1504:doi
1500:132
1424:doi
1420:132
784:at
689:707
585:in
423:by
375:WW2
261:to
155:by
2409::
2350:/
2294:/
2290:/
2286:/
2282:/
2278:/
2093::
1576:.
1562:.
1558:.
1537:.
1520:.
1512:.
1498:.
1494:.
1440:.
1432:.
1418:.
1414:.
1330:,
1319:,
1308:,
1297:,
1286:,
1275:,
1264:,
1253:,
1242:,
1222:,
1211:,
1200:,
1189:,
1178:,
1167:,
1156:,
1145:,
1134:,
1123:,
1112:,
1101:,
1090:,
1079:,
1068:,
1057:,
1046:,
1035:,
1008:,
997:,
979:,
959:,
948:,
928:,
920:,
912:,
901:,
890:,
859:,
851:,
839:,
772:,
768:,
756:,
741:.
648:,
362:.
286:AE
265:,
56:.
2304:"
2300:"
1676:e
1669:t
1662:v
1608:.
1584:.
1570::
1549:.
1539:8
1528:.
1506::
1448:.
1426::
924:/
916:/
512:)
506:(
501:)
497:(
493:.
479:.
450:)
444:(
439:)
435:(
431:.
417:.
284:(
240:)
234:(
222:)
216:(
211:)
207:(
197:·
190:·
183:·
176:·
149:.
120:)
114:(
109:)
105:(
101:.
91:.
63:)
59:(
20:)
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