1021:
611:
3695:
5827:
3688:
2192:
3017:
3003:
5279:
4483:
5265:
2996:
5272:
2198:
3702:
134:
3010:
5840:
116:
4501:
477:
4489:
4508:
5834:
379:
5259:
466:
4496:
5865:
1055:
shows the evolutionary progress of the avian air sacs, which first appear as features on the sides of vertebrae, before being incorporated within bones throughout the skeleton. These air sacs would have acted like bellows, moving air into and out of the animal's relatively inflexible lungs, instead
402:. On May 21, 2009, the journal's managing editor coordinated with the ICZN to correct this oversight, publishing a comment to the original paper with an addendum stating that the requirements had been met as of that date. Consequently, though the description appeared in 2008,
397:
did not recognize online publication of names for new species as valid unless print copies were also produced and distributed to several libraries, and that this action is noted in the paper itself. PLoS ONE initially failed to meet this requirement for
457:. The incomplete fusion of some of its bones indicate that it was not quite fully mature. No dental material is known for this taxon as the isolated tooth initially referred to the holotype was revealed to belong to an abelisaurid theropod.
500:
545:
period, and this was supported in subsequent studies that recognized a clade of late-surviving, lightly built, advanced allosauroids with large hand claws similar to the spinosaurs, called the
Megaraptora, within the allosaur family
496:, estimated it at 6 meters (20 ft) and 500 kilograms (1,100 lb). Later in 2016, Molina-PĂ©rez and Larramendi gave a length of 7.5 meters (25 ft) and a weight of 1 metric ton (1.1 short tons).
1051:
bones show pneumatization (air-filled spaces), including pneumatic hollowing of the furcula and ilium, and pneumatization of several gastralia. The addition of pneumatization throughout the bones of
1622:
1177:
1020:
6005:
1302:
Benson R.B.J.; Carrano M.T.; Brusatte S.L. (2010). "A new clade of archaic large-bodied predatory dinosaurs (Theropoda: Allosauroidea) that survived to the latest
Mesozoic".
394:
1617:
610:
1366:
1247:
5941:
599:
are practically identical in the structure of their cranial bones and vertebrae, only noticeably differing in the proportions of the ilium, with
3694:
6025:
3687:
1174:
5826:
1565:
Juan D. Porfiri; Fernando E. Novas; Jorge O. Calvo; Federico L. AgnolĂn; MartĂn D. Ezcurra; Ignacio A. Cerda (2014). "Juvenile specimen of
1071:
theorize that this respiratory system may have developed to assist with regulating body temperature and was later co-opted for breathing.
1654:
6030:
3016:
4482:
3002:
5264:
2191:
2995:
5278:
2197:
6015:
6010:
5705:
4500:
3701:
1184:" Comment on Original Article: "Evidence for Avian Intrathoracic Air Sacs in a New Predatory Dinosaur from Argentina."
517:
did not initially appear to belong to any of the three groups of large theropods that were known to have inhabited the
6020:
5271:
3009:
1115:
Sereno, P.C.; Martinez, R.N.; Wilson, J.A.; Varricchio, D.J.; Alcober, O.A.; Larsson, H.C.E. (2008). Kemp, Tom (ed.).
5855:
5839:
133:
4507:
1742:
4488:
5833:
6000:
1647:
1354:
1500:"A New Megaraptoran Dinosaur (Dinosauria, Theropoda, Megaraptoridae) from the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia"
5995:
5881:
1199:
1627:
5967:
4213:
4125:
526:
1200:"Taxonomic identification of isolated theropod teeth: The case of the shed tooth crown associated with
1175:
Steps taken to meet the requirements of the ICZN to make new taxonomic names nomenclaturally available.
5258:
393:
in a paper which appeared in the online journal PLoS ONE in
September 2008. However, at the time, the
5928:
5791:
3902:
3870:
1578:
1511:
1401:
1311:
1215:
1128:
575:, was described in 2016 which preserved some bones with a lesser level of pneumaticity. However, the
4226:
4013:
629:
below follows the 2010 analysis by Benson, Carrano and
Brusatte, which considered megaraptorans as
4495:
5698:
4202:
4062:
3918:
3858:
3293:
3203:
3086:
1950:
1640:
1390:"An Unusual New Theropod with a Didactyl Manus from the Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia, Argentina"
1355:"Megaraptorans as members of an unexpected evolutionary radiation of tyrant-reptiles in Gondwana"
1335:
1239:
347:
320:
128:
5972:
5954:
5580:
5497:
5471:
5310:
5297:
5175:
4716:
4668:
3500:
2850:
1929:
1547:
1529:
1429:
1327:
1231:
1156:
579:
holotype also preserved several teeth which were very dissimilar to the one tooth observed in
5959:
5869:
5684:
5441:
5351:
5140:
5056:
4918:
4837:
4809:
4769:
4650:
4620:
4138:
3891:
3755:
3612:
3512:
3361:
3268:
3226:
2793:
2103:
1594:
1586:
1537:
1519:
1478:
1468:
1419:
1409:
1319:
1223:
1146:
1136:
858:
555:
503:
434:
340:
476:
115:
5747:
5485:
5448:
5380:
5235:
5228:
5040:
4982:
4955:
4945:
4904:
4739:
4598:
4582:
4400:
4372:
4350:
4237:
4082:
3789:
3563:
3446:
3424:
3345:
3174:
3151:
3144:
3122:
3108:
3101:
3062:
2913:
2760:
2687:
2676:
2612:
2500:
2387:
1964:
1873:
1727:
1702:
1181:
909:
717:
683:
493:
446:
312:
5919:
583:
holotype. The authors of the description noted that this tooth closely resembled that of
336:
17:
1582:
1515:
1405:
1315:
1219:
1132:
5712:
5675:
5656:
5618:
5607:
5404:
5117:
5076:
5067:
5049:
5029:
4925:
4639:
4384:
4246:
4073:
4055:
3883:
3850:
3836:
3797:
3571:
3432:
3389:
3382:
3304:
3280:
3233:
3192:
3129:
3115:
2843:
2828:
2655:
2489:
2353:
2321:
2310:
2287:
2249:
2110:
2080:
2004:
1943:
1842:
1542:
1499:
1424:
1389:
1151:
1116:
895:
640:
547:
1117:"Evidence for Avian Intrathoracic Air Sacs in a New Predatory Dinosaur from Argentina"
5989:
5754:
5600:
5561:
5540:
5419:
5412:
5339:
5133:
5106:
4964:
4880:
4858:
4851:
4844:
4787:
4704:
4567:
4539:
4526:
4450:
4327:
4167:
4001:
3932:
3818:
3805:
3550:
3528:
3521:
3485:
3458:
3410:
3334:
3070:
2861:
2835:
2751:
2732:
2725:
2662:
2641:
2620:
2605:
2591:
2550:
2516:
2509:
2428:
2280:
2167:
2160:
2087:
2057:
2046:
1936:
1907:
1900:
1826:
1243:
584:
559:
530:
522:
359:
73:
1339:
5726:
5664:
5634:
5554:
5547:
5525:
5517:
5397:
5389:
5369:
5084:
4995:
4933:
4823:
4794:
4746:
4575:
4560:
4335:
4267:
4195:
4174:
4153:
3969:
3925:
3733:
3720:
3650:
3603:
3478:
3368:
3320:
3313:
3250:
3219:
3212:
3093:
2920:
2772:
2669:
2571:
2564:
2459:
2443:
2379:
2330:
2262:
2039:
1922:
1915:
1886:
1849:
1818:
1086:
1061:
1036:
615:
454:
450:
430:
378:
324:
265:
1590:
1227:
465:
1524:
1414:
1141:
5913:
5780:
5761:
5691:
5641:
5627:
5569:
5510:
5455:
5332:
5126:
5002:
4971:
4887:
4873:
4605:
4553:
4421:
4343:
4306:
4188:
4160:
4113:
4033:
3911:
3768:
3619:
3592:
3492:
3439:
3375:
3354:
3327:
3078:
2891:
2884:
2870:
2696:
2543:
2534:
2436:
2407:
2337:
2302:
2295:
2095:
2073:
2066:
2025:
2017:
1993:
1978:
1957:
1865:
1857:
1024:
882:
868:
734:
696:
571:
538:
534:
305:
282:
253:
233:
220:
48:
1353:
F. E. Novas; F. L. AgnolĂn; M. D. Ezcurra; J. I. Canale; J. D. Porfiri (2012).
5719:
5648:
5593:
5214:
5013:
4830:
4816:
4801:
4753:
4687:
4613:
4435:
4428:
4414:
4320:
4253:
4181:
4145:
4098:
4040:
4026:
3993:
3985:
3978:
3959:
3782:
3747:
3535:
3136:
2927:
2877:
2814:
2785:
2740:
2718:
2711:
2703:
2627:
2523:
2482:
2475:
2467:
2451:
2371:
2242:
2118:
1971:
1834:
1693:
1473:
1448:
1323:
982:
965:
948:
802:
761:
654:
191:
93:
58:
5904:
1533:
1235:
1198:
Hendrickx, Christophe; Tschopp, Emanuel; Ezcurra, MartĂn D. (April 1, 2020).
5740:
5733:
5433:
5426:
5099:
5091:
5022:
4675:
3939:
3843:
3578:
3163:
3048:
3035:
2962:
2898:
2821:
2800:
2557:
2420:
2228:
2215:
2133:
1985:
1804:
1791:
1754:
1663:
1083:
630:
626:
558:. Megaraptorans have since been also considered as non-tyrannosauroid basal
438:
316:
204:
145:
98:
1551:
1433:
1331:
1286:
RĂ©cords y curiosidades de los dinosaurios TerĂłpodos y otros dinosauromorfos
1160:
499:
5898:
5324:
4732:
4725:
4697:
4590:
4090:
3471:
2807:
2634:
2395:
2032:
1711:
1687:
542:
518:
422:
410:
335:
indicates that its remains were found 1 km (0.6 miles) north of the
308:
178:
165:
88:
83:
68:
63:
53:
5946:
4865:
4627:
4357:
4260:
3585:
2906:
1599:
1483:
1057:
1028:
442:
418:
332:
103:
78:
492:
was estimated at 9 to 10 meters (30 to 33 ft). In 2010, however,
5533:
5221:
2648:
1681:
1569:(Dinosauria, Theropoda) sheds light about tyrannosauroid radiation".
1056:
of the lungs themselves being expanded and contracted as occurs with
426:
155:
5875:
1388:
ApesteguĂa, S; Smith, N.D.; Valieri, R.J.; Makovicky, P.J. (2016).
4364:
4105:
4047:
1449:"Phylogenetic relationships of the Cretaceous Gondwanan theropods
1019:
609:
498:
475:
464:
377:
301:
5933:
5797:
4407:
5879:
5295:
4524:
3718:
3033:
2213:
1789:
1674:
1636:
389:
was first discovered in 1996 and was first described by Sereno
1632:
1447:
Novas, F.E.; Aranciaga
Rolando, A.M.; AgnolĂn, F.L. (2016).
1204:(Theropoda: Megaraptora) and the dentition of Abelisauridae"
1043:(B). Scale bars are 10 cm in (A) and 2 cm in (B).
853:
The cladogram shown below follows an analysis by
Porfiri
469:
Abelisaurid tooth initially referred to the holotype of
1498:
Coria, Rodolfo A.; Currie, Philip J. (July 20, 2016).
5853:
1273:. New Jersey: Princeton University Press. p. 99.
550:. A later analysis has placed Megaraptora, including
1082:
lived approximately 84 million years ago during the
272:
5888:
5779:
5674:
5617:
5579:
5496:
5469:
5379:
5349:
5308:
5206:
5174:
5116:
5066:
5039:
5012:
4981:
4954:
4943:
4902:
4767:
4715:
4686:
4648:
4637:
4537:
4449:
4383:
4305:
4236:
4212:
4124:
4072:
4012:
3968:
3957:
3901:
3869:
3816:
3766:
3731:
3649:
3602:
3549:
3511:
3457:
3408:
3344:
3303:
3279:
3248:
3202:
3172:
3161:
3046:
2961:
2860:
2771:
2750:
2686:
2589:
2533:
2499:
2406:
2351:
2320:
2260:
2226:
2152:
2132:
2056:
2003:
1884:
1802:
1753:
1726:
1457:: the evidence afforded by their manual anatomy"
1297:
1295:
123:Skeletal diagram illustrating air-filled bones
1648:
1628:Dinosaur predator breathed like a modern bird
395:International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
319:. Its remains were discovered in 1996 in the
8:
1623:Meat-eating dinosaur had bird-like breathing
6006:Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of South America
5876:
5585:
5502:
5477:
5361:
5357:
5316:
5305:
5292:
5203:
5171:
4987:
4951:
4910:
4779:
4775:
4660:
4656:
4645:
4545:
4534:
4521:
4312:
4302:
4218:
4130:
4018:
3965:
3875:
3828:
3824:
3774:
3739:
3728:
3715:
3646:
3555:
3463:
3416:
3285:
3260:
3256:
3184:
3180:
3169:
3054:
3043:
3030:
2958:
2777:
2768:
2597:
2412:
2363:
2359:
2272:
2268:
2234:
2223:
2210:
2009:
1892:
1810:
1799:
1786:
1732:
1723:
1671:
1655:
1641:
1633:
537:suggested that it might be related to the
114:
31:
1598:
1541:
1523:
1482:
1472:
1423:
1413:
1150:
1140:
857:, 2014, which recovered megaraptorans as
587:and was probably incorrectly referred to
1618:New Birdlike Dinosaur Found in Argentina
1110:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1102:
323:, which is from the late Campanian. The
5860:
1250:from the original on September 16, 2020
1098:
1064:for more detailed information on this.
421:bones, a number of partial or complete
1284:Molina-PĂ©rez & Larramendi (2016).
1271:The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs
7:
1369:from the original on March 11, 2016
901:
874:
864:
777:
709:
702:
675:
646:
636:
346:They show evidence of a bird-like
25:
406:was not a valid name until 2009.
5863:
5838:
5832:
5825:
5277:
5270:
5263:
5257:
4506:
4499:
4494:
4487:
4481:
3700:
3693:
3686:
3015:
3008:
3001:
2994:
2196:
2190:
603:ilium being taller than that of
132:
1288:. Spain: Larousse. p. 264.
480:Size of various megaraptorids;
1:
6026:Fossil taxa described in 2009
1591:10.1016/j.cretres.2014.04.007
1228:10.1016/j.cretres.2019.104312
521:during this time (namely the
1525:10.1371/journal.pone.0157973
1415:10.1371/journal.pone.0157793
1142:10.1371/journal.pone.0003303
354:s name can be translated as
6047:
1461:Memoirs of Museum Victoria
614:Pneumatopores on the left
327:and only known species is
27:Extinct genus of dinosaurs
6031:Taxa named by Paul Sereno
5822:
5588:
5505:
5480:
5364:
5360:
5319:
5304:
5291:
5255:
5202:
5170:
4990:
4913:
4782:
4778:
4663:
4659:
4548:
4533:
4520:
4479:
4315:
4301:
4221:
4133:
4021:
3878:
3831:
3827:
3777:
3742:
3727:
3714:
3683:
3645:
3558:
3466:
3419:
3288:
3263:
3259:
3187:
3183:
3057:
3042:
3029:
2991:
2957:
2780:
2600:
2415:
2366:
2362:
2275:
2271:
2237:
2222:
2209:
2187:
2012:
1895:
1813:
1798:
1785:
1735:
1722:
1670:
1474:10.24199/j.mmv.2016.74.05
1324:10.1007/s00114-009-0614-x
1269:Paul, Gregory S. (2010).
1180:December 5, 2022, at the
979:
962:
945:
923:
906:
899:
879:
872:
799:
782:
775:
757:
731:
714:
707:
700:
680:
673:
651:
644:
565:A very close relative of
425:from the neck, back, and
277:Aerosteon riocoloradensis
271:
264:
129:Scientific classification
127:
122:
113:
34:
18:Aerosteon riocoloradensis
1173:PLoS ONE Group (2009). "
1062:avian respiratory system
1044:
622:
506:
485:
473:
383:
5968:Paleobiology Database
4214:Carcharodontosaurinae
4126:Carcharodontosauridae
1041:Anseranas semipalmata
1023:
613:
527:Carcharodontosauridae
502:
479:
468:
453:, and left and right
381:
366:, "air") and áœÏÏÎÎżÎœ (
6016:Fossils of Argentina
6011:Cretaceous Argentina
5207:Dubious coelurosaurs
3903:Metriacanthosaurinae
3871:Metriacanthosauridae
2153:Dubious neotheropods
4227:Carcharodontosaurus
4014:Carcharodontosauria
1583:2014CrRes..51...35P
1571:Cretaceous Research
1516:2016PLoSO..1157973C
1406:2016PLoSO..1157793A
1316:2010NW.....97...71B
1304:Naturwissenschaften
1220:2020CrRes.10804312H
1208:Cretaceous Research
1133:2008PLoSO...3.3303S
519:southern continents
6021:Anacleto Formation
5699:Archaeornithomimus
4203:Veterupristisaurus
4063:Veterupristisaurus
3919:Metriacanthosaurus
3859:Piatnitzkysauridae
3294:Eustreptospondylus
3204:Piatnitzkysauridae
3087:Chuandongocoelurus
1951:Notatesseraeraptor
1045:
1033:A. riocoloradensis
623:
620:A. riocoloradensis
562:in some analyses.
507:
486:
474:
384:
348:respiratory system
329:A. riocoloradensis
321:Anacleto Formation
5983:
5982:
5955:Open Tree of Life
5882:Taxon identifiers
5851:
5850:
5847:
5846:
5820:
5819:
5816:
5815:
5812:
5811:
5808:
5807:
5775:
5774:
5771:
5770:
5581:Macrocheiriformes
5498:Ornithomimosauria
5472:Maniraptoriformes
5465:
5464:
5311:Maniraptoromorpha
5298:Maniraptoromorpha
5287:
5286:
5253:
5252:
5249:
5248:
5245:
5244:
5198:
5197:
5194:
5193:
5176:Maniraptoromorpha
5166:
5165:
5162:
5161:
5158:
5157:
5154:
5153:
5150:
5149:
4898:
4897:
4763:
4762:
4717:Proceratosauridae
4669:Chingkankousaurus
4516:
4515:
4477:
4476:
4473:
4472:
4469:
4468:
4445:
4444:
4297:
4296:
4293:
4292:
4289:
4288:
4285:
4284:
4281:
4280:
4277:
4276:
3953:
3952:
3949:
3948:
3710:
3709:
3681:
3680:
3677:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3669:
3668:
3641:
3640:
3637:
3636:
3633:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3545:
3544:
3501:Vallibonavenatrix
3404:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3244:
3243:
3025:
3024:
2989:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2953:
2952:
2949:
2948:
2945:
2944:
2941:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2585:
2584:
2581:
2580:
2347:
2346:
2205:
2204:
2185:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2177:
2176:
2128:
2127:
1781:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1012:
1011:
1003:
1002:
994:
993:
850:
849:
841:
840:
832:
831:
823:
822:
814:
813:
746:
745:
541:radiation of the
445:(wishbone), left
417:consists of some
358:and derives from
293:
292:
260:
16:(Redirected from
6038:
5976:
5975:
5963:
5962:
5950:
5949:
5937:
5936:
5924:
5923:
5922:
5909:
5908:
5907:
5877:
5868:
5867:
5866:
5859:
5842:
5836:
5829:
5685:Aepyornithomimus
5586:
5503:
5478:
5442:Sinocalliopteryx
5362:
5358:
5352:Neocoelurosauria
5317:
5306:
5293:
5281:
5274:
5267:
5261:
5204:
5172:
5141:Zhuchengtyrannus
5057:Thanatotheristes
4988:
4952:
4919:Appalachiosaurus
4911:
4780:
4776:
4770:Pantyrannosauria
4661:
4657:
4651:Tyrannosauroidea
4646:
4621:Xinjiangovenator
4546:
4535:
4522:
4510:
4503:
4498:
4491:
4485:
4313:
4303:
4219:
4139:Acrocanthosaurus
4131:
4019:
3966:
3892:Yangchuanosaurus
3876:
3829:
3825:
3775:
3756:Lourinhanosaurus
3740:
3729:
3716:
3704:
3697:
3690:
3647:
3613:Sigilmassasaurus
3556:
3513:Ceratosuchopsini
3464:
3417:
3362:Dubreuillosaurus
3286:
3269:Streptospondylus
3261:
3257:
3227:Piatnitzkysaurus
3185:
3181:
3170:
3055:
3044:
3031:
3019:
3012:
3005:
2998:
2959:
2794:Ekrixinatosaurus
2778:
2769:
2598:
2413:
2364:
2360:
2273:
2269:
2235:
2224:
2211:
2200:
2194:
2104:Procompsognathus
2010:
1893:
1811:
1800:
1787:
1733:
1724:
1717:
1716:
1672:
1657:
1650:
1643:
1634:
1605:
1604:
1602:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1545:
1527:
1495:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1476:
1444:
1438:
1437:
1427:
1417:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1374:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1299:
1290:
1289:
1281:
1275:
1274:
1266:
1260:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1195:
1189:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1154:
1144:
1112:
942:
902:
875:
865:
778:
710:
703:
676:
670:
647:
637:
556:Tyrannosauroidea
504:Life restoration
341:Mendoza Province
274:
252:
245:
232:
219:
137:
136:
118:
108:
45:
40:Temporal range:
32:
21:
6046:
6045:
6041:
6040:
6039:
6037:
6036:
6035:
5986:
5985:
5984:
5979:
5971:
5966:
5958:
5953:
5945:
5940:
5932:
5927:
5918:
5917:
5912:
5903:
5902:
5897:
5884:
5874:
5864:
5862:
5854:
5852:
5843:
5830:
5804:
5767:
5748:Sinornithomimus
5670:
5613:
5575:
5492:
5486:Compsognathidae
5474:
5461:
5449:Sinosauropteryx
5381:Compsognathidae
5375:
5354:
5345:
5313:
5300:
5283:
5282:
5268:
5241:
5236:Shanyangosaurus
5229:Phaedrolosaurus
5190:
5146:
5112:
5062:
5041:Daspletosaurini
5035:
5008:
4983:Tyrannosaurinae
4977:
4956:Albertosaurinae
4948:
4946:Tyrannosauridae
4939:
4907:
4905:Eutyrannosauria
4894:
4772:
4759:
4740:Proceratosaurus
4711:
4682:
4653:
4642:
4633:
4599:Richardoestesia
4583:Chilantaisaurus
4542:
4529:
4512:
4511:
4492:
4465:
4441:
4401:Australovenator
4379:
4373:Chilantaisaurus
4351:Phuwiangvenator
4273:
4238:Giganotosaurini
4232:
4208:
4120:
4083:Chilantaisaurus
4068:
4008:
3962:
3945:
3897:
3865:
3821:
3812:
3790:Monolophosaurus
3771:
3762:
3736:
3723:
3706:
3705:
3691:
3665:
3625:
3598:
3564:Camarillasaurus
3541:
3507:
3453:
3447:Ostafrikasaurus
3425:Camarillasaurus
3413:
3396:
3346:Afrovenatorinae
3340:
3299:
3275:
3253:
3240:
3198:
3177:
3175:Megalosauroidea
3166:
3157:
3152:Vectaerovenator
3145:Szechuanosaurus
3123:Monolophosaurus
3109:Kaijiangosaurus
3102:Cryolophosaurus
3063:Calamospondylus
3051:
3038:
3021:
3020:
3013:
3006:
2999:
2977:
2933:
2914:Pycnonemosaurus
2856:
2767:
2761:Majungasaurinae
2746:
2688:Majungasaurinae
2682:
2677:Xenotarsosaurus
2613:Dryptosauroides
2594:
2577:
2529:
2501:Elaphrosaurinae
2495:
2402:
2388:Ornithomimoides
2356:
2343:
2316:
2265:
2256:
2231:
2218:
2201:
2195:
2173:
2148:
2124:
2052:
1999:
1965:Shuangbaisaurus
1889:
1880:
1807:
1794:
1769:
1749:
1743:Avemetatarsalia
1728:Avemetatarsalia
1718:
1703:Avemetatarsalia
1677:
1676:
1666:
1661:
1614:
1609:
1608:
1564:
1563:
1559:
1510:(7): e0157973.
1497:
1496:
1492:
1455:Australovenator
1446:
1445:
1441:
1400:(7): e0157793.
1387:
1386:
1382:
1372:
1370:
1352:
1351:
1347:
1301:
1300:
1293:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1253:
1251:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1188:, May 21, 2009.
1182:Wayback Machine
1172:
1168:
1114:
1113:
1100:
1095:
1077:
1018:
1013:
1004:
995:
943:
940:
910:Australovenator
859:tyrannosauroids
851:
842:
833:
824:
815:
747:
718:Australovenator
684:Chilantaisaurus
671:
668:
512:
494:Gregory S. Paul
463:
447:scapulocoracoid
376:
313:Late Cretaceous
289:
280:
251:
243:
230:
217:
131:
109:
107:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
43:
42:
41:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6044:
6042:
6034:
6033:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6013:
6008:
6003:
6001:Santonian life
5998:
5988:
5987:
5981:
5980:
5978:
5977:
5964:
5951:
5938:
5925:
5910:
5894:
5892:
5886:
5885:
5880:
5873:
5872:
5849:
5848:
5845:
5844:
5824:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5817:
5814:
5813:
5810:
5809:
5806:
5805:
5803:
5802:
5801:
5800:
5794:
5785:
5783:
5777:
5776:
5773:
5772:
5769:
5768:
5766:
5765:
5758:
5751:
5744:
5737:
5730:
5723:
5716:
5713:Dromiceiomimus
5709:
5702:
5695:
5688:
5680:
5678:
5676:Ornithomimidae
5672:
5671:
5669:
5668:
5661:
5657:Paraxenisaurus
5653:
5645:
5638:
5631:
5623:
5621:
5619:Deinocheiridae
5615:
5614:
5612:
5611:
5608:Shenzhousaurus
5604:
5597:
5589:
5583:
5577:
5576:
5574:
5573:
5566:
5558:
5551:
5544:
5537:
5530:
5522:
5514:
5506:
5500:
5494:
5493:
5491:
5490:
5481:
5475:
5470:
5467:
5466:
5463:
5462:
5460:
5459:
5452:
5445:
5438:
5430:
5423:
5416:
5409:
5405:Beipiaognathus
5401:
5394:
5385:
5383:
5377:
5376:
5374:
5373:
5365:
5355:
5350:
5347:
5346:
5344:
5343:
5336:
5329:
5320:
5314:
5309:
5302:
5301:
5296:
5289:
5288:
5285:
5284:
5276:
5262:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5250:
5247:
5246:
5243:
5242:
5240:
5239:
5232:
5225:
5218:
5210:
5208:
5200:
5199:
5196:
5195:
5192:
5191:
5189:
5188:
5187:
5186:
5180:
5178:
5168:
5167:
5164:
5163:
5160:
5159:
5156:
5155:
5152:
5151:
5148:
5147:
5145:
5144:
5137:
5130:
5122:
5120:
5118:Tyrannosaurini
5114:
5113:
5111:
5110:
5103:
5096:
5088:
5081:
5077:Bistahieversor
5072:
5070:
5068:Teratophoneini
5064:
5063:
5061:
5060:
5053:
5050:Daspletosaurus
5045:
5043:
5037:
5036:
5034:
5033:
5030:Qianzhousaurus
5026:
5018:
5016:
5010:
5009:
5007:
5006:
4999:
4991:
4985:
4979:
4978:
4976:
4975:
4968:
4960:
4958:
4949:
4944:
4941:
4940:
4938:
4937:
4930:
4926:Bistahieversor
4922:
4914:
4908:
4903:
4900:
4899:
4896:
4895:
4893:
4892:
4884:
4877:
4870:
4862:
4855:
4848:
4841:
4834:
4827:
4820:
4813:
4806:
4798:
4791:
4783:
4773:
4768:
4765:
4764:
4761:
4760:
4758:
4757:
4750:
4743:
4736:
4729:
4721:
4719:
4713:
4712:
4710:
4709:
4701:
4693:
4691:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4680:
4672:
4664:
4654:
4649:
4643:
4640:Tyrannoraptora
4638:
4635:
4634:
4632:
4631:
4624:
4617:
4610:
4602:
4595:
4587:
4579:
4572:
4564:
4557:
4549:
4543:
4538:
4531:
4530:
4525:
4518:
4517:
4514:
4513:
4505:
4486:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4474:
4471:
4470:
4467:
4466:
4464:
4463:
4462:
4461:
4455:
4453:
4447:
4446:
4443:
4442:
4440:
4439:
4432:
4425:
4418:
4411:
4404:
4397:
4389:
4387:
4385:Megaraptoridae
4381:
4380:
4378:
4377:
4369:
4361:
4354:
4347:
4340:
4332:
4324:
4316:
4310:
4299:
4298:
4295:
4294:
4291:
4290:
4287:
4286:
4283:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4275:
4274:
4272:
4271:
4264:
4257:
4250:
4247:Giganotosaurus
4242:
4240:
4234:
4233:
4231:
4230:
4222:
4216:
4210:
4209:
4207:
4206:
4199:
4192:
4185:
4178:
4171:
4164:
4157:
4150:
4142:
4134:
4128:
4122:
4121:
4119:
4118:
4110:
4102:
4095:
4087:
4078:
4076:
4074:Neovenatoridae
4070:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4059:
4056:Ulughbegsaurus
4052:
4044:
4037:
4030:
4022:
4016:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4006:
3998:
3990:
3982:
3974:
3972:
3963:
3958:
3955:
3954:
3951:
3950:
3947:
3946:
3944:
3943:
3936:
3929:
3922:
3915:
3907:
3905:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3895:
3888:
3884:Xuanhanosaurus
3879:
3873:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3863:
3855:
3851:Xuanhanosaurus
3847:
3840:
3837:Asfaltovenator
3832:
3822:
3817:
3814:
3813:
3811:
3810:
3802:
3798:Megalosauridae
3794:
3786:
3778:
3772:
3767:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3760:
3752:
3743:
3737:
3732:
3725:
3724:
3719:
3712:
3711:
3708:
3707:
3699:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3678:
3675:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3667:
3666:
3664:
3663:
3662:
3661:
3655:
3653:
3643:
3642:
3639:
3638:
3635:
3634:
3631:
3630:
3627:
3626:
3624:
3623:
3616:
3608:
3606:
3600:
3599:
3597:
3596:
3589:
3582:
3575:
3572:Ichthyovenator
3568:
3559:
3553:
3547:
3546:
3543:
3542:
3540:
3539:
3532:
3525:
3517:
3515:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3505:
3497:
3489:
3482:
3475:
3467:
3461:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3451:
3443:
3436:
3433:Cristatusaurus
3429:
3420:
3414:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3402:
3401:
3398:
3397:
3395:
3394:
3390:Poekilopleuron
3386:
3383:Piveteausaurus
3379:
3372:
3365:
3358:
3350:
3348:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3338:
3331:
3324:
3317:
3309:
3307:
3305:Megalosaurinae
3301:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3289:
3283:
3281:Megalosauridae
3277:
3276:
3274:
3273:
3264:
3254:
3249:
3246:
3245:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3238:
3234:Xuanhanosaurus
3230:
3223:
3216:
3208:
3206:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3196:
3193:Yunyangosaurus
3188:
3178:
3173:
3167:
3162:
3159:
3158:
3156:
3155:
3148:
3141:
3133:
3130:Pandoravenator
3126:
3119:
3116:Kayentavenator
3112:
3105:
3098:
3090:
3083:
3075:
3067:
3058:
3052:
3047:
3040:
3039:
3034:
3027:
3026:
3023:
3022:
3014:
3007:
3000:
2993:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2986:
2983:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2975:
2974:
2973:
2967:
2965:
2955:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2947:
2946:
2943:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2932:
2931:
2924:
2917:
2910:
2903:
2895:
2888:
2881:
2874:
2866:
2864:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2854:
2847:
2844:Skorpiovenator
2840:
2832:
2825:
2818:
2811:
2804:
2797:
2790:
2781:
2775:
2766:
2765:
2756:
2754:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2744:
2737:
2729:
2722:
2715:
2708:
2700:
2692:
2690:
2684:
2683:
2681:
2680:
2673:
2666:
2659:
2656:Spectrovenator
2652:
2645:
2638:
2631:
2624:
2617:
2609:
2601:
2595:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2576:
2575:
2568:
2561:
2554:
2547:
2539:
2537:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2527:
2520:
2513:
2505:
2503:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2490:Spinostropheus
2486:
2479:
2472:
2464:
2456:
2448:
2440:
2433:
2425:
2416:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2400:
2392:
2384:
2376:
2367:
2357:
2354:Abelisauroidea
2352:
2349:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2334:
2326:
2324:
2322:Ceratosauridae
2318:
2317:
2315:
2314:
2311:Saltriovenator
2307:
2299:
2292:
2288:Fosterovenator
2284:
2276:
2266:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2254:
2250:Lophostropheus
2246:
2238:
2232:
2227:
2220:
2219:
2214:
2207:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2171:
2164:
2156:
2154:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2144:
2138:
2136:
2130:
2129:
2126:
2125:
2123:
2122:
2115:
2111:Pterospondylus
2107:
2100:
2092:
2084:
2081:Lucianovenator
2077:
2070:
2062:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2050:
2043:
2036:
2029:
2022:
2013:
2007:
2005:Coelophysoidea
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1990:
1982:
1975:
1968:
1961:
1954:
1947:
1944:Lophostropheus
1940:
1933:
1926:
1919:
1912:
1904:
1896:
1890:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1878:
1870:
1862:
1854:
1846:
1843:Erythrovenator
1839:
1831:
1823:
1814:
1808:
1803:
1796:
1795:
1790:
1783:
1782:
1779:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1759:
1757:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1747:
1746:
1745:
1736:
1730:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1705:
1696:
1690:
1684:
1675:
1668:
1667:
1662:
1660:
1659:
1652:
1645:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1613:
1612:External links
1610:
1607:
1606:
1557:
1490:
1439:
1380:
1365:(Suppl): R33.
1345:
1291:
1276:
1261:
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1166:
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931:
922:
919:
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896:Megaraptoridae
892:
891:
888:
887:
878:
873:
871:
863:
848:
847:
844:
843:
839:
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667:
664:
663:
660:
659:
650:
645:
643:
641:Neovenatoridae
635:
548:Neovenatoridae
511:
510:Classification
508:
462:
459:
382:Neck vertebrae
375:
372:
291:
290:
281:
269:
268:
262:
261:
241:
237:
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234:Megaraptoridae
228:
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195:
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181:
176:
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39:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6043:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5996:Megaraptorans
5994:
5993:
5991:
5974:
5969:
5965:
5961:
5956:
5952:
5948:
5943:
5939:
5935:
5930:
5926:
5921:
5915:
5911:
5906:
5900:
5896:
5895:
5893:
5891:
5887:
5883:
5878:
5871:
5861:
5857:
5841:
5837:
5835:
5828:
5799:
5795:
5793:
5789:
5788:
5787:
5786:
5784:
5782:
5778:
5764:
5763:
5759:
5757:
5756:
5755:Struthiomimus
5752:
5750:
5749:
5745:
5743:
5742:
5738:
5736:
5735:
5731:
5729:
5728:
5724:
5722:
5721:
5717:
5715:
5714:
5710:
5708:
5707:
5706:"Coelosaurus"
5703:
5701:
5700:
5696:
5694:
5693:
5689:
5687:
5686:
5682:
5681:
5679:
5677:
5673:
5667:
5666:
5662:
5659:
5658:
5654:
5651:
5650:
5646:
5644:
5643:
5639:
5637:
5636:
5632:
5630:
5629:
5625:
5624:
5622:
5620:
5616:
5610:
5609:
5605:
5603:
5602:
5601:Pelecanimimus
5598:
5596:
5595:
5591:
5590:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5578:
5572:
5571:
5567:
5564:
5563:
5562:Thecocoelurus
5559:
5557:
5556:
5552:
5550:
5549:
5545:
5543:
5542:
5541:Kinnareemimus
5538:
5536:
5535:
5531:
5528:
5527:
5523:
5520:
5519:
5515:
5513:
5512:
5508:
5507:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5495:
5488:
5487:
5483:
5482:
5479:
5476:
5473:
5468:
5458:
5457:
5453:
5451:
5450:
5446:
5444:
5443:
5439:
5436:
5435:
5431:
5429:
5428:
5424:
5422:
5421:
5420:Huaxiagnathus
5417:
5415:
5414:
5413:Compsognathus
5410:
5407:
5406:
5402:
5400:
5399:
5395:
5392:
5391:
5387:
5386:
5384:
5382:
5378:
5372:
5371:
5367:
5366:
5363:
5359:
5356:
5353:
5348:
5342:
5341:
5340:Ornitholestes
5337:
5335:
5334:
5330:
5327:
5326:
5322:
5321:
5318:
5315:
5312:
5307:
5303:
5299:
5294:
5290:
5280:
5275:
5273:
5266:
5260:
5238:
5237:
5233:
5231:
5230:
5226:
5224:
5223:
5219:
5217:
5216:
5212:
5211:
5209:
5205:
5201:
5184:
5183:
5182:
5181:
5179:
5177:
5173:
5169:
5143:
5142:
5138:
5136:
5135:
5134:Tyrannosaurus
5131:
5129:
5128:
5124:
5123:
5121:
5119:
5115:
5109:
5108:
5107:Teratophoneus
5104:
5102:
5101:
5097:
5094:
5093:
5089:
5087:
5086:
5082:
5079:
5078:
5074:
5073:
5071:
5069:
5065:
5059:
5058:
5054:
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5051:
5047:
5046:
5044:
5042:
5038:
5032:
5031:
5027:
5025:
5024:
5020:
5019:
5017:
5015:
5011:
5005:
5004:
5000:
4998:
4997:
4993:
4992:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4980:
4974:
4973:
4969:
4967:
4966:
4965:Albertosaurus
4962:
4961:
4959:
4957:
4953:
4950:
4947:
4942:
4936:
4935:
4931:
4928:
4927:
4923:
4921:
4920:
4916:
4915:
4912:
4909:
4906:
4901:
4890:
4889:
4885:
4883:
4882:
4881:Xiongguanlong
4878:
4876:
4875:
4871:
4868:
4867:
4863:
4861:
4860:
4859:Suskityrannus
4856:
4854:
4853:
4852:Stokesosaurus
4849:
4847:
4846:
4845:Santanaraptor
4842:
4840:
4839:
4835:
4833:
4832:
4828:
4826:
4825:
4821:
4819:
4818:
4814:
4812:
4811:
4807:
4804:
4803:
4799:
4797:
4796:
4792:
4790:
4789:
4788:Alectrosaurus
4785:
4784:
4781:
4777:
4774:
4771:
4766:
4756:
4755:
4751:
4749:
4748:
4744:
4742:
4741:
4737:
4735:
4734:
4730:
4728:
4727:
4723:
4722:
4720:
4718:
4714:
4707:
4706:
4705:Tanycolagreus
4702:
4700:
4699:
4695:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4685:
4678:
4677:
4673:
4671:
4670:
4666:
4665:
4662:
4658:
4655:
4652:
4647:
4644:
4641:
4636:
4630:
4629:
4625:
4623:
4622:
4618:
4616:
4615:
4611:
4608:
4607:
4603:
4601:
4600:
4596:
4593:
4592:
4588:
4585:
4584:
4580:
4578:
4577:
4573:
4570:
4569:
4568:Bahariasaurus
4565:
4563:
4562:
4558:
4556:
4555:
4551:
4550:
4547:
4544:
4541:
4540:Coelurosauria
4536:
4532:
4528:
4527:Coelurosauria
4523:
4519:
4509:
4504:
4502:
4497:
4490:
4484:
4459:
4458:
4457:
4456:
4454:
4452:
4451:Coelurosauria
4448:
4438:
4437:
4433:
4431:
4430:
4426:
4424:
4423:
4419:
4417:
4416:
4412:
4410:
4409:
4405:
4403:
4402:
4398:
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4390:
4388:
4386:
4382:
4376:
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4370:
4368:
4366:
4362:
4360:
4359:
4355:
4353:
4352:
4348:
4346:
4345:
4341:
4338:
4337:
4333:
4330:
4329:
4328:Bahariasaurus
4325:
4323:
4322:
4318:
4317:
4314:
4311:
4308:
4304:
4300:
4270:
4269:
4265:
4263:
4262:
4258:
4256:
4255:
4251:
4249:
4248:
4244:
4243:
4241:
4239:
4235:
4229:
4228:
4224:
4223:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4211:
4205:
4204:
4200:
4198:
4197:
4193:
4191:
4190:
4186:
4184:
4183:
4179:
4177:
4176:
4172:
4170:
4169:
4168:Kelmayisaurus
4165:
4163:
4162:
4158:
4156:
4155:
4151:
4148:
4147:
4143:
4141:
4140:
4136:
4135:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4123:
4116:
4115:
4111:
4108:
4107:
4103:
4101:
4100:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4088:
4085:
4084:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4065:
4064:
4060:
4058:
4057:
4053:
4050:
4049:
4045:
4043:
4042:
4038:
4036:
4035:
4031:
4029:
4028:
4024:
4023:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4011:
4004:
4003:
4002:Saurophaganax
3999:
3996:
3995:
3991:
3988:
3987:
3983:
3981:
3980:
3976:
3975:
3973:
3971:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3956:
3942:
3941:
3937:
3935:
3934:
3933:Siamotyrannus
3930:
3928:
3927:
3923:
3921:
3920:
3916:
3914:
3913:
3909:
3908:
3906:
3904:
3900:
3894:
3893:
3889:
3886:
3885:
3881:
3880:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3868:
3861:
3860:
3856:
3853:
3852:
3848:
3846:
3845:
3841:
3839:
3838:
3834:
3833:
3830:
3826:
3823:
3820:
3819:Allosauroidea
3815:
3808:
3807:
3806:Spinosauridae
3803:
3800:
3799:
3795:
3792:
3791:
3787:
3785:
3784:
3780:
3779:
3776:
3773:
3770:
3765:
3758:
3757:
3753:
3750:
3749:
3745:
3744:
3741:
3738:
3735:
3730:
3726:
3722:
3717:
3713:
3703:
3698:
3696:
3689:
3659:
3658:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3622:
3621:
3617:
3615:
3614:
3610:
3609:
3607:
3605:
3601:
3595:
3594:
3590:
3588:
3587:
3583:
3581:
3580:
3576:
3574:
3573:
3569:
3566:
3565:
3561:
3560:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3551:Spinosaurinae
3548:
3538:
3537:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3529:Riparovenator
3526:
3524:
3523:
3522:Ceratosuchops
3519:
3518:
3516:
3514:
3510:
3503:
3502:
3498:
3495:
3494:
3490:
3488:
3487:
3486:Riojavenatrix
3483:
3481:
3480:
3476:
3474:
3473:
3469:
3468:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3459:Baryonychinae
3456:
3449:
3448:
3444:
3442:
3441:
3437:
3435:
3434:
3430:
3427:
3426:
3422:
3421:
3418:
3415:
3412:
3411:Spinosauridae
3407:
3392:
3391:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3373:
3371:
3370:
3366:
3364:
3363:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3352:
3351:
3349:
3347:
3343:
3337:
3336:
3335:Wiehenvenator
3332:
3330:
3329:
3325:
3323:
3322:
3318:
3316:
3315:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3306:
3302:
3296:
3295:
3291:
3290:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3278:
3271:
3270:
3266:
3265:
3262:
3258:
3255:
3252:
3247:
3236:
3235:
3231:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3222:
3221:
3217:
3215:
3214:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3205:
3201:
3195:
3194:
3190:
3189:
3186:
3182:
3179:
3176:
3171:
3168:
3165:
3160:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3134:
3132:
3131:
3127:
3125:
3124:
3120:
3118:
3117:
3113:
3111:
3110:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3099:
3096:
3095:
3091:
3089:
3088:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3076:
3073:
3072:
3071:Chienkosaurus
3068:
3065:
3064:
3060:
3059:
3056:
3053:
3050:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3032:
3028:
3018:
3011:
3004:
2997:
2971:
2970:
2969:
2968:
2966:
2964:
2960:
2956:
2930:
2929:
2925:
2923:
2922:
2918:
2916:
2915:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2904:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2887:
2886:
2882:
2880:
2879:
2875:
2873:
2872:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2863:
2862:Furileusauria
2859:
2853:
2852:
2848:
2846:
2845:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2836:Rahiolisaurus
2833:
2831:
2830:
2826:
2824:
2823:
2819:
2817:
2816:
2812:
2810:
2809:
2805:
2803:
2802:
2798:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2783:
2782:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2770:
2763:
2762:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2753:
2752:Carnotaurinae
2749:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2735:
2734:
2733:Rahiolisaurus
2730:
2728:
2727:
2726:Majungasaurus
2723:
2721:
2720:
2716:
2714:
2713:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2699:
2698:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2689:
2685:
2679:
2678:
2674:
2672:
2671:
2667:
2665:
2664:
2663:Tarascosaurus
2660:
2658:
2657:
2653:
2651:
2650:
2646:
2644:
2643:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2632:
2630:
2629:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2621:Eoabelisaurus
2618:
2615:
2614:
2610:
2608:
2607:
2606:Chenanisaurus
2603:
2602:
2599:
2596:
2593:
2592:Abelisauridae
2588:
2574:
2573:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2553:
2552:
2551:Masiakasaurus
2548:
2546:
2545:
2541:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2521:
2519:
2518:
2517:Huinculsaurus
2514:
2512:
2511:
2510:Elaphrosaurus
2507:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2487:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2429:Austrocheirus
2426:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2405:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2389:
2385:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2368:
2365:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2350:
2340:
2339:
2335:
2333:
2332:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2319:
2313:
2312:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2300:
2298:
2297:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2283:
2282:
2281:Berberosaurus
2278:
2277:
2274:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2259:
2252:
2251:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2240:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2230:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2212:
2208:
2199:
2193:
2170:
2169:
2168:Halticosaurus
2165:
2163:
2162:
2161:Teinurosaurus
2158:
2157:
2155:
2151:
2142:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2131:
2121:
2120:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2108:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2090:
2089:
2088:Megapnosaurus
2085:
2083:
2082:
2078:
2076:
2075:
2071:
2069:
2068:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2058:Coelophysidae
2055:
2049:
2048:
2047:Powellvenator
2044:
2042:
2041:
2037:
2035:
2034:
2030:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2015:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1983:
1981:
1980:
1976:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1960:
1959:
1955:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1939:
1938:
1937:Liliensternus
1934:
1932:
1931:
1927:
1925:
1924:
1920:
1918:
1917:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1908:Dolichosuchus
1905:
1903:
1902:
1901:Dilophosaurus
1898:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1883:
1876:
1875:
1874:Herrerasauria
1871:
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1827:Daemonosaurus
1824:
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1254:September 15,
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1025:Stereo images
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554:, within the
553:
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536:
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531:Spinosauridae
528:
524:
523:Abelisauridae
520:
516:
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344:
343:, Argentina.
342:
338:
334:
333:specific name
330:
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322:
318:
314:
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287:
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279:
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65:
60:
55:
50:
37:
33:
30:
19:
5889:
5831:
5760:
5753:
5746:
5739:
5732:
5727:Ornithomimus
5725:
5718:
5711:
5704:
5697:
5690:
5683:
5665:Tyrannomimus
5663:
5655:
5647:
5640:
5635:Deinocheirus
5633:
5626:
5606:
5599:
5592:
5568:
5560:
5555:Nqwebasaurus
5553:
5548:Nedcolbertia
5546:
5539:
5532:
5526:Calamosaurus
5524:
5518:Aviatyrannis
5516:
5509:
5484:
5454:
5447:
5440:
5432:
5425:
5418:
5411:
5403:
5398:Aristosuchus
5396:
5390:Aniksosaurus
5388:
5370:Aniksosaurus
5368:
5338:
5331:
5323:
5269:
5234:
5227:
5220:
5213:
5139:
5132:
5125:
5105:
5098:
5090:
5085:Dynamoterror
5083:
5075:
5055:
5048:
5028:
5021:
5001:
4996:Asiatyrannus
4994:
4970:
4963:
4934:Dryptosaurus
4932:
4924:
4917:
4886:
4879:
4872:
4864:
4857:
4850:
4843:
4836:
4829:
4824:Jinbeisaurus
4822:
4815:
4808:
4800:
4795:Aviatyrannis
4793:
4786:
4752:
4747:Sinotyrannus
4745:
4738:
4731:
4724:
4703:
4696:
4674:
4667:
4626:
4619:
4612:
4604:
4597:
4589:
4581:
4576:Bicentenaria
4574:
4566:
4561:Asiamericana
4559:
4552:
4493:
4434:
4427:
4420:
4413:
4406:
4399:
4393:
4392:
4371:
4363:
4356:
4349:
4342:
4336:Deltadromeus
4334:
4326:
4319:
4268:Tyrannotitan
4266:
4259:
4252:
4245:
4225:
4201:
4196:Taurovenator
4194:
4187:
4180:
4175:Lajasvenator
4173:
4166:
4159:
4154:Concavenator
4152:
4144:
4137:
4112:
4104:
4097:
4089:
4081:
4061:
4054:
4046:
4039:
4032:
4025:
4000:
3992:
3984:
3977:
3970:Allosauridae
3938:
3931:
3926:Shidaisaurus
3924:
3917:
3910:
3890:
3882:
3857:
3849:
3842:
3835:
3804:
3796:
3788:
3781:
3754:
3746:
3734:Avetheropoda
3721:Avetheropoda
3692:
3651:Avetheropoda
3618:
3611:
3604:Spinosaurini
3591:
3584:
3577:
3570:
3562:
3534:
3527:
3520:
3499:
3491:
3484:
3479:Protathlitis
3477:
3470:
3445:
3438:
3431:
3423:
3388:
3381:
3374:
3369:Leshansaurus
3367:
3360:
3353:
3333:
3326:
3321:Megalosaurus
3319:
3314:Duriavenator
3312:
3292:
3267:
3251:Megalosauria
3232:
3225:
3220:Marshosaurus
3218:
3213:Condorraptor
3211:
3191:
3150:
3143:
3135:
3128:
3121:
3114:
3107:
3100:
3094:Cruxicheiros
3092:
3085:
3077:
3069:
3061:
2926:
2921:Quilmesaurus
2919:
2912:
2905:
2897:
2890:
2883:
2876:
2869:
2849:
2842:
2834:
2827:
2820:
2813:
2806:
2799:
2792:
2784:
2773:Brachyrostra
2759:
2739:
2731:
2724:
2717:
2710:
2702:
2695:
2675:
2670:Tralkasaurus
2668:
2661:
2654:
2647:
2640:
2633:
2626:
2619:
2611:
2604:
2572:Vespersaurus
2570:
2565:Velocisaurus
2563:
2556:
2549:
2542:
2522:
2515:
2508:
2488:
2481:
2474:
2466:
2460:Deltadromeus
2458:
2450:
2444:Compsosuchus
2442:
2435:
2427:
2419:
2394:
2386:
2380:Lametasaurus
2378:
2370:
2336:
2331:Ceratosaurus
2329:
2309:
2301:
2294:
2286:
2279:
2263:Ceratosauria
2248:
2241:
2166:
2159:
2117:
2109:
2102:
2094:
2086:
2079:
2072:
2065:
2045:
2040:Podokesaurus
2038:
2031:
2024:
2016:
1992:
1984:
1977:
1970:
1963:
1956:
1949:
1942:
1935:
1928:
1923:Gojirasaurus
1921:
1916:Dracovenator
1914:
1906:
1899:
1887:Neotheropoda
1872:
1864:
1856:
1850:Guaibasaurus
1848:
1841:
1833:
1825:
1819:Chindesaurus
1817:
1707:
1698:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1560:
1507:
1503:
1493:
1464:
1460:
1454:
1450:
1442:
1397:
1393:
1383:
1371:. Retrieved
1362:
1358:
1348:
1310:(1): 71â78.
1307:
1303:
1285:
1279:
1270:
1264:
1252:. Retrieved
1211:
1207:
1201:
1193:
1185:
1169:
1127:(9): e3303.
1124:
1120:
1079:
1078:
1075:Paleoecology
1068:
1066:
1052:
1048:
1046:
1040:
1037:Magpie-goose
1035:(A) and the
1032:
1016:Paleobiology
981:
980:
964:
963:
947:
946:
926:
925:
924:
908:
907:
881:
880:
854:
852:
801:
800:
785:
784:
783:
760:
758:
733:
732:
716:
715:
682:
681:
653:
652:
624:
619:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
585:abelisaurids
580:
576:
570:
566:
564:
560:coelurosaurs
551:
514:
513:
489:
487:
481:
470:
415:MCNA-PV-3137
414:
408:
403:
399:
390:
386:
385:
367:
363:
355:
351:
345:
337:RĂo Colorado
328:
306:megaraptoran
296:
295:
294:
285:
276:
275:
266:Type species
256:
247:
246:
211:
198:
185:
172:
35:
29:
5914:Wikispecies
5792:Maniraptora
5781:Maniraptora
5762:Tototlmimus
5692:Anserimimus
5642:Garudimimus
5628:Beishanlong
5570:Valdoraptor
5511:Arkansaurus
5456:Xunmenglong
5333:Juravenator
5127:Tarbosaurus
5003:Nanuqsaurus
4972:Gorgosaurus
4888:Megaraptora
4874:Timurlengia
4606:Sciurumimus
4554:Aratasaurus
4422:Murusraptor
4344:Fukuiraptor
4307:Megaraptora
4189:Shaochilong
4161:Eocarcharia
4114:Megaraptora
4034:Lusovenator
3912:Alpkarakush
3769:Carnosauria
3620:Spinosaurus
3593:Siamosaurus
3493:Suchosaurus
3440:Iberospinus
3376:Magnosaurus
3355:Afrovenator
3328:Torvosaurus
3079:Chilesaurus
2892:Carnotaurus
2885:Caletodraco
2871:Abelisaurus
2697:Arcovenator
2544:Laevisuchus
2535:Noasaurinae
2437:Berthasaura
2408:Noasauridae
2338:Genyodectes
2303:Lukousaurus
2296:Jubbulpuria
2096:Panguraptor
2074:Coelophysis
2067:Camposaurus
2026:Panguraptor
2018:Dracoraptor
1994:Zupaysaurus
1979:Tachiraptor
1958:Sarcosaurus
1858:Nhandumirim
1600:11336/12129
1484:11336/48895
1373:December 2,
1359:Ameghiniana
1049:Aerosteon's
883:Fukuiraptor
869:Megaraptora
735:Fukuiraptor
697:Megaraptora
605:Murusraptor
601:Aerosteon's
593:Murusraptor
581:Aerosteon's
577:Murusraptor
572:Murusraptor
539:allosauroid
461:Description
370:, "bone").
221:Megaraptora
5990:Categories
5720:Gallimimus
5649:Harpymimus
5594:Harpymimus
5215:Iliosuchus
5185:see belowâ
5014:Alioramini
4831:Juratyrant
4817:Eotyrannus
4802:Bagaraatan
4754:Yutyrannus
4688:Coeluridae
4614:Vayuraptor
4460:see belowâ
4436:Tratayenia
4429:Orkoraptor
4415:Megaraptor
4321:Aoniraptor
4254:Mapusaurus
4182:Sauroniops
4146:Altispinax
4099:Neovenator
4041:Siamraptor
4027:Datanglong
3994:Epanterias
3986:Antrodemus
3979:Allosaurus
3960:Allosauria
3783:Altispinax
3748:Gasosaurus
3660:see belowâ
3536:Suchomimus
3137:Sinosaurus
2972:see belowâ
2928:Viavenator
2878:Aucasaurus
2815:Ilokelesia
2786:Dahalokely
2741:Rajasaurus
2719:Indosaurus
2712:Genusaurus
2704:Dahalokely
2628:Indosuchus
2524:Limusaurus
2483:Ligabueino
2476:Kiyacursor
2468:Genusaurus
2452:Dahalokely
2372:Betasuchus
2243:Dornraptor
2143:see belowâ
2119:Segisaurus
1972:Sinosaurus
1835:Eodromaeus
1764:see belowâ
1712:Dinosauria
1694:Sauropsida
1567:Megaraptor
1451:Megaraptor
1214:: 104312.
1093:References
983:Megaraptor
966:Eotyrannus
949:Orkoraptor
803:Megaraptor
762:Orkoraptor
655:Neovenator
631:tetanurans
488:Initially
429:, several
413:specimen,
352:Aerosteon'
315:period of
192:Saurischia
179:Dinosauria
5920:Aerosteon
5890:Aerosteon
5870:Dinosaurs
5796:includes
5741:Rativates
5734:Qiupalong
5434:Scipionyx
5427:Mirischia
5100:Lythronax
5092:Labocania
5023:Alioramus
4676:Labocania
4394:Aerosteon
3940:Sinraptor
3844:Erectopus
3579:Irritator
3164:Orionides
3049:Tetanurae
3036:Tetanurae
2963:Tetanurae
2899:Elemgasem
2822:Llukalkan
2801:Elemgasem
2558:Noasaurus
2421:Afromimus
2229:Averostra
2216:Averostra
2134:Averostra
1986:Velocipes
1805:Theropoda
1792:Theropoda
1755:Theropoda
1680:Kingdom:
1664:Theropoda
1577:: 35â55.
1534:1932-6203
1467:: 49â61.
1244:210268523
1236:0195-6671
1202:Aerosteon
1084:Santonian
1080:Aerosteon
1053:Aerosteon
927:Aerosteon
786:Aerosteon
627:cladogram
597:Aerosteon
589:Aerosteon
567:Aerosteon
552:Aerosteon
515:Aerosteon
490:Aerosteon
482:Aerosteon
471:Aerosteon
439:gastralia
423:vertebrae
404:Aerosteon
400:Aerosteon
387:Aerosteon
374:Discovery
317:Argentina
311:from the
297:Aerosteon
248:Aerosteon
205:Theropoda
152:Kingdom:
146:Eukaryota
44:Campanian
36:Aerosteon
5934:10519159
5899:Wikidata
5325:Coelurus
4733:Kileskus
4726:Guanlong
4698:Coelurus
4591:Gualicho
4091:Gualicho
3472:Baryonyx
2808:Guemesia
2635:Kryptops
2396:Ozraptor
2033:Pendraig
1688:Chordata
1686:Phylum:
1682:Animalia
1552:27439002
1504:PLOS ONE
1434:27410683
1394:PLOS ONE
1367:Archived
1340:22646156
1332:19826771
1248:Archived
1186:PLoS ONE
1178:Archived
1161:18825273
1121:PLOS ONE
1047:Some of
1029:furculae
543:Jurassic
431:cervical
411:holotype
356:air bone
309:dinosaur
227:Family:
166:Chordata
162:Phylum:
156:Animalia
142:Domain:
5960:4141861
5947:4967044
5905:Q132873
4866:Timimus
4628:Zuolong
4358:Rapator
4261:Meraxes
3586:Oxalaia
2907:Koleken
1930:Lepidus
1692:Class:
1579:Bibcode
1543:4954680
1512:Bibcode
1425:4943716
1402:Bibcode
1312:Bibcode
1216:Bibcode
1152:2553519
1129:Bibcode
1067:Sereno
1058:mammals
1027:of the
941:unnamed
669:unnamed
484:in blue
449:, left
443:furcula
419:cranial
240:Genus:
5973:148965
5856:Portal
5534:Hexing
5222:Kakuru
4810:Dilong
2851:Thanos
2829:Niebla
2649:Rugops
2642:Kurupi
1550:
1540:
1532:
1432:
1422:
1338:
1330:
1242:
1234:
1159:
1149:
1069:et al.
1060:. See
855:et al.
535:Sereno
437:ribs,
435:dorsal
427:sacrum
391:et al.
368:osteon
331:. Its
286:et al.
283:Sereno
257:et al.
254:Sereno
5798:birds
4838:Moros
4365:Siats
4106:Siats
4048:Siats
1708:Clade
1699:Clade
1336:S2CID
1240:S2CID
1087:stage
616:ilium
455:pubes
451:ilium
362:áŒÎźÏ (
360:Greek
339:, in
302:genus
300:is a
212:Clade
199:Clade
186:Clade
173:Clade
5942:GBIF
5790:see
4408:Maip
1866:Tawa
1741:see
1548:PMID
1530:ISSN
1453:and
1430:PMID
1375:2013
1328:PMID
1256:2020
1232:ISSN
1157:PMID
625:The
595:and
433:and
409:The
325:type
288:2009
259:2009
49:Preê
5929:EoL
1595:hdl
1587:doi
1538:PMC
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