20:
322:
178:
187:
524:
515:
271:
In 1921, a Soviet-Afghan treaty was signed whereby Russia agreed "to hand over to
Afghanistan the frontier districts which belonged to the latter in the last century, observing the principles of justice and self-determination of the population inhabiting the same." However, this treaty was never
798:
If we open up the Atlas of the People's
Republic of China we will find that the region of the Pamir, the western extremity of Xinjiang, from the Wuzibieli Pass1 to the south down to the Kekelaqukaole Peak (which the Soviet Russians call "Pavel Shveikovsky Peak") is designated as a not limited
291:
in
Afghanistan. Russia formerly assisted with policing it prior to 2005, and there have been recent reports that China may now be assisting with border policing. Several new border crossing and bridges have built in recent years in an effort to boost trade and links, partly funded by foreign
263:
The easternmost section of the border (now forming part of the Afghan-Tajik boundary) was not finally delimited until 1893–95, with the
Afghans agreeing to waive any claims to lands north of the Amu Darya. This agreement also stipulated the position of the land border in section east of
703:
259:
demarcated the boundary as it is today over the period 1884–87. As the village of Khwaja Salar could no longer be identified it was agreed that the boundary should meet the Amu Darya in the vicinity of
Khamiab, Afghanistan.
240:
In 1873 Britain and Russia agreed on a rough formulation of the border, with the Amu Darya declared to be the border going east from the vicinity of the village of Khwaja Salar to Lake Zorku, with the
117:(Sir-i-kol). The boundary then goes overland for 218 km (135 mi) up to the Chinese tripoint, mainly following various mountain peaks and ridges. The border's eastern terminus is found at the
272:
implemented, and was explicitly annulled by the
Frontier Agreement of 1946, which kept the boundary as it was, with riverine islands to be subsequently allocated by a joint commission.
859:
991:
244:
to remain in
Afghanistan. The western section of the border (i.e. the bulk of the modern Afghan-Turkmen boundary) was to be determined at a later date by a boundary commission.
287:
government in 2001; however the long, porous frontier remains poorly policed and is a major drug smuggling route. There have also been a number of incidents related to the
774:
1042:
964:
1125:
109:
for 1,080 km (670 mi), the surrounding area becoming increasingly mountainous as the river traces a huge horse-shoe shape, up to the confluence with the
678:
1204:
937:
889:
1179:
667:
1075:
356:
342:
326:
24:
916:
736:
284:
537:
1035:
793:
578:
316:
1087:
853:
829:
1118:
985:
1092:
614:
1158:
1153:
778:
280:
214:
205:-Afghan border, which largely took its current shape during the 19th century Anglo-Russian rivalry in Central Asia, known as the
1194:
1028:
742:
247:
Tensions mounted as the
Russians expanded further into what is now Turkmenistan in the early 1880s, reaching a crisis with the
1199:
1189:
1111:
378:
960:
542:
122:
1060:
547:
293:
1148:
1065:
62:
656:"NJ 43 Su-fu [U.S.S.R., China, Afghanistan, Pakistan, State of Jammu and Kashmir] Series 1301, Edition 5-AMS"
113:
near the Afghan village of Gaz Khun. The boundary follows the Pamir for 71 km (44 mi) eastwards as far as
256:
19:
881:
626:
606:
655:
501:
425:
362:
304:
486:
366:
276:
321:
97:
The border begins in the west at the tripoint with
Uzbekistan on the Amu Darya. It continues along the
910:
300:
101:
of this river, which flows in a broadly eastwards direction, until it reaches the junction with the
1184:
746:
255:
in what is now
Turkmenistan), an area claimed by Afghanistan. Discussions calmed the situation and
1016:
International Boundary Study No. 26 (Revised) – September 15, 1983 Afghanistan – U.S.S.R. Boundary
177:
288:
222:
572:
523:
514:
186:
1015:
820:
659:
610:
445:
118:
600:
663:
402:
334:
248:
218:
140:
28:
639:
241:
82:
463:
767:
226:
210:
855:
Global Risk Insights – Under the Radar: Tajikistan on track to be the next Afghanistan
1173:
633:
552:
161:
912:
The Jamestown Foundation – What Is China's Military Doing on the Afghan-Tajik Border
620:
234:
202:
102:
643:
the Afghan border at the Povalo-Shveikovskogo peak (5,543 meters above sea level).
1070:
440:
338:
265:
230:
114:
110:
106:
78:
74:
36:
32:
939:
AKDF – Linking Communities, Lighting Lives: Electrifying the Tajik-Afghan Borde
307:. In response, Tajikistan's government stationed extra troops near the border.
715:
372:
252:
206:
55:
40:
505:
70:
882:"Reuters – Barely guarded Afghan border puts ex-Soviet Tajikistan in peril"
1020:
348:
59:
51:
1103:
481:
455:
352:
98:
303:
and government employees crossed the border into Tajikistan after the
473:
468:
268:
up to China, with a series of boundary pillars subsequently erected.
148:
130:
86:
768:"China Report Political, Sociological and Military Affairs No. 363"
320:
66:
18:
450:
1107:
1024:
822:
International Boundary Study No. 26 – Afghanistan-USSR Boundary
697:
275:
The border area was extremely volatile in the 1990s due to the
233:, the two powers agreed to leave Afghanistan as an independent
50:
is 1,357 km (843 mi) in length and runs from the
961:"Tajikistan Asks CSTO for Assistance on the Afghan Border"
283:. Security improved with the end of the Tajik war and the
987:
Caravanistan – Tajikistan-Afghanistan border crossings
160:Much of the boundary is paralleled by Tajikistan's
89:community into citizens of two separate countries.
753:中阿边界{...}南起中、巴、阿3国交界处的5587山峰，沿穆斯塔格山脉分水岭北行至克克拉去考勒峰。
637:mountain range in eastern Tajikistan, reaching in
775:United States Joint Publications Research Service
81:, except for the easternmost section along the
631:{...}This mountainous boundary runs along the
1119:
1036:
751:
720:
8:
1126:
1112:
1104:
1043:
1029:
1021:
139:) / Kokrash Kol Peak (Kekelaqukaole Peak;
257:a joint Anglo-Russian boundary commission
105:. Hereafter the boundary continues along
500:Historical English-language maps of the
564:
510:
69:in the east, almost entirely along the
892:from the original on 20 September 2018
880:Pirnazarov, Nazarali (21 April 2016),
815:
813:
811:
809:
807:
679:Perry–Castañeda Library Map Collection
201:The border was inherited from the old
835:from the original on 9 September 2018
119:Afghanistan-China-Tajikistan tripoint
58:in the west to the tripoint with the
7:
919:from the original on 9 February 2018
794:Defense Technical Information Center
784:from the original on 11 January 2020
706:from the original on 4 November 2020
317:Land border crossings of Afghanistan
862:from the original on 29 August 2018
602:Historical Dictionary of Tajikistan
581:from the original on 4 January 2021
722:到高程为5698米的克克拉去考勒峰（阿方图称波万洛什维科夫斯基峰）。
508:border, mid to late 20th century:
357:Tajik–Afghan bridge at Tem-Demogan
343:Tajik–Afghan bridge at Panji Poyon
327:Tajik–Afghan bridge at Tem-Demogan
14:
195:Afghan and Tajik boundary markers
994:from the original on 13 May 2019
702:(in Chinese). 22 November 1963.
574:CIA World Factbook – Afghanistan
538:Afghanistan–Tajikistan relations
522:
513:
185:
176:
1205:Afghanistan–Soviet Union border
967:from the original on 2021-07-12
777:. 18 November 1982. p. 1.
743:State Ethnic Affairs Commission
670:from the original on 2019-10-13
752:
721:
379:Tajik-Afghan Friendship Bridge
153:
135:
126:
121:on Povalo-Shveikovskogo Peak (
1:
1180:Afghanistan–Tajikistan border
745:. 6 July 2004. Archived from
543:Extreme points of Afghanistan
48:Afghanistan–Tajikistan border
599:Kamoludin Abdullaev (2018).
548:Extreme points of Tajikistan
294:Aga Khan Development Network
136:Bōwànluò Shíwéikēfūsījī Fēng
386:Settlements near the border
1221:
314:
1139:
1056:
741:(in Simplified Chinese).
144:
737:
698:
684:Pik Povalo-Shveikovskogo
607:Rowman & Littlefield
85:and divides the ethnic
1195:Borders of Afghanistan
1051:Borders of Afghanistan
330:
305:2021 Taliban offensive
43:
1200:Borders of Tajikistan
1190:International borders
1134:Borders of Tajikistan
828:, 15 September 1983,
324:
315:Further information:
277:Tajikistani Civil War
22:
749:on 4 December 2008.
577:, 8 September 2018,
292:governments and the
16:International border
375:—Kokul (ferry only)
299:In July 2021, many
285:fall of the Taliban
942:, 24 November 2017
627:CHINA-TAJIK BORDER
331:
289:Taliban insurgency
223:Emirate of Bukhara
154:Kèkèlāqùkǎolè Fēng
44:
1167:
1166:
1101:
1100:
858:, 19 March 2017,
699:中华人民共和国和阿富汗王国边界条约
660:Washington, D. C.
1212:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1105:
1045:
1038:
1031:
1022:
1003:
1002:
1001:
999:
982:
976:
975:
973:
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951:
950:
949:
947:
934:
928:
927:
926:
924:
907:
901:
900:
899:
897:
877:
871:
870:
869:
867:
850:
844:
843:
842:
840:
834:
827:
817:
802:
801:
791:
789:
783:
772:
764:
758:
757:
755:
754:
733:
727:
726:
724:
723:
713:
711:
694:
688:
687:
676:
675:
664:Army Map Service
652:
646:
645:
596:
590:
589:
588:
586:
569:
526:
517:
403:Sher Khan Bandar
335:Sher Khan Bandar
311:Border crossings
281:Afghan Civil War
249:Panjdeh incident
229:controlling the
219:Khanate of Khiva
189:
180:
155:
146:
137:
128:
29:Sher Khan Bandar
1220:
1219:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1170:
1169:
1168:
1163:
1135:
1132:
1102:
1097:
1052:
1049:
1012:
1010:Further reading
1007:
1006:
997:
995:
984:
983:
979:
970:
968:
959:
958:
954:
945:
943:
936:
935:
931:
922:
920:
909:
908:
904:
895:
893:
879:
878:
874:
865:
863:
852:
851:
847:
838:
836:
832:
825:
819:
818:
805:
787:
785:
781:
770:
766:
765:
761:
739:
735:
734:
730:
709:
707:
700:
696:
695:
691:
673:
671:
654:
653:
649:
617:
598:
597:
593:
584:
582:
571:
570:
566:
561:
534:
527:
518:
498:
434:
393:
388:
319:
313:
242:Wakhan Corridor
225:, and with the
199:
198:
197:
196:
192:
191:
190:
182:
181:
170:
95:
83:Wakhan Corridor
17:
12:
11:
5:
1218:
1216:
1208:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1172:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1130:
1123:
1116:
1108:
1099:
1098:
1096:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1068:
1063:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1047:
1040:
1033:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1004:
977:
952:
929:
902:
872:
845:
803:
759:
728:
689:
666:. March 1967.
647:
615:
609:. p. 92.
605:(3 ed.).
591:
563:
562:
560:
557:
556:
555:
550:
545:
540:
533:
530:
529:
528:
521:
519:
512:
497:
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493:
492:
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484:
479:
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458:
453:
448:
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438:
433:
430:
429:
428:
423:
420:
417:
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405:
400:
397:
392:
389:
387:
384:
383:
382:
376:
370:
360:
346:
312:
309:
237:between them.
227:British Empire
211:Russian Empire
194:
193:
184:
183:
175:
174:
173:
172:
171:
169:
166:
94:
91:
27:that connects
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1217:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1177:
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1160:
1157:
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1150:
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1145:
1142:
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1138:
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1110:
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1106:
1094:
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1089:
1086:
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1073:
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1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
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1055:
1046:
1041:
1039:
1034:
1032:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1009:
993:
989:
988:
981:
978:
966:
962:
956:
953:
941:
940:
933:
930:
918:
914:
913:
906:
903:
891:
887:
883:
876:
873:
861:
857:
856:
849:
846:
831:
824:
823:
816:
814:
812:
810:
808:
804:
800:
795:
780:
776:
769:
763:
760:
756:
748:
744:
740:
732:
729:
725:
717:
705:
701:
693:
690:
686:
685:
680:
669:
665:
661:
657:
651:
648:
644:
642:
641:
636:
635:
630:
628:
622:
618:
616:9781538102527
612:
608:
604:
603:
595:
592:
580:
576:
575:
568:
565:
558:
554:
553:Sarikol Range
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
536:
535:
531:
525:
520:
516:
511:
509:
507:
503:
495:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:Bazhdu Pavdiv
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
436:
435:
431:
427:
424:
421:
418:
415:
413:Dasht-e-Qaleh
412:
409:
406:
404:
401:
398:
395:
394:
390:
385:
380:
377:
374:
371:
368:
364:
361:
358:
354:
350:
347:
344:
340:
336:
333:
332:
328:
323:
318:
310:
308:
306:
302:
301:Afghan troops
297:
295:
290:
286:
282:
278:
273:
269:
267:
261:
258:
254:
250:
245:
243:
238:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
188:
179:
167:
165:
163:
162:Pamir Highway
158:
156:
150:
142:
138:
132:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
92:
90:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
61:
57:
53:
49:
42:
38:
34:
30:
26:
21:
1143:
1088:Turkmenistan
1082:
996:, retrieved
986:
980:
969:. Retrieved
955:
944:, retrieved
938:
932:
921:, retrieved
911:
905:
894:, retrieved
885:
875:
864:, retrieved
854:
848:
837:, retrieved
821:
797:
792:– via
786:. Retrieved
762:
750:
747:the original
731:
719:
714:– via
708:. Retrieved
692:
683:
682:
677:– via
672:. Retrieved
650:
638:
632:
625:
624:
621:Google Books
619:– via
601:
594:
583:, retrieved
573:
567:
499:
496:History maps
464:Qal'ai Khumb
460:Kishti Royen
399:Kolukh Teppe
298:
274:
270:
262:
246:
239:
235:buffer state
203:Soviet Union
200:
159:
152:
134:
103:Vakhsh River
96:
79:Pamir Rivers
47:
45:
23:View of the
1144:Afghanistan
998:8 September
946:8 September
923:8 September
896:8 September
866:8 September
839:8 September
502:Afghanistan
441:Panji Poyon
391:Afghanistan
355:(road, see
341:(road, see
339:Panji Poyon
266:Lake Zorkul
231:British Raj
209:. With the
115:Lake Zorkul
111:Pamir River
107:Pyanj river
93:Description
37:Panji Poyon
33:Afghanistan
1185:Great Game
1174:Categories
1159:Uzbekistan
1154:Kyrgyzstan
1093:Uzbekistan
1083:Tajikistan
971:2021-07-12
788:11 January
716:Wikisource
674:2020-01-11
585:24 January
559:References
432:Tajikistan
407:Shah Ravan
396:Baghri Kol
373:Ai Khanoum
253:Sandykachi
207:Great Game
127:波万洛什维科夫斯基峰
56:Uzbekistan
41:Tajikistan
710:12 August
506:Tajik SSR
487:Ishkoshim
426:Ishkashim
367:Ishkoshim
363:Ishkashim
215:conquered
71:Amu Darya
1071:Pakistan
992:archived
965:Archived
917:archived
890:archived
860:archived
830:archived
779:Archived
704:Archived
668:Archived
579:archived
532:See also
410:Chichkeh
349:Shighnan
279:and the
221:and the
60:Xinjiang
52:tripoint
1076:Barrier
886:Reuters
634:Sarikol
482:Khorugh
456:Parkhar
437:Ayvadzh
422:Arakhat
419:Khosfav
353:Khorugh
329:in 2014
213:having
168:History
145:克克拉去考勒峰
141:Chinese
123:Chinese
99:thalweg
613:
474:Rushon
469:Kevron
416:Kvahan
381:(road)
369:(road)
251:(near
151::
149:pinyin
143::
133::
131:pinyin
125::
63:region
25:bridge
1149:China
1061:China
833:(PDF)
826:(PDF)
799:area.
782:(PDF)
771:(PDF)
640:Pamir
491:Sinib
446:Dusty
87:Tajik
75:Pyanj
67:China
54:with
35:with
1066:Iran
1000:2018
948:2018
925:2018
898:2018
868:2018
841:2018
790:2020
712:2021
611:ISBN
587:2021
451:Panj
325:The
217:the
77:and
46:The
738:阿富汗
157:).
65:of
39:in
31:in
1176::
990:,
963:.
915:,
888:,
884:,
806:^
796:.
773:.
718:.
681:.
662::
658:.
623:.
296:.
164:.
147:;
129:;
73:,
1127:e
1120:t
1113:v
1044:e
1037:t
1030:v
974:.
629:.
504:-
365:—
359:)
351:—
345:)
337:—
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
