236:
543:
529:
151:
177:
2206:
144:
36:
2216:
288:. This dominance of Martinique merchants in monopolising the slave imports into the Island has raised the reasonable inference, supported statistically, that most slaves shared a common origin from the Senegambian coast. According to Dalphinis, the majority of slaves from 1695 onwards were indisputably from the Senegambia, comprising mainly
369:, like the Caribs (also used as slaves in the island), died, requiring continued importation of new captives. The British continued to import slaves until they abolished the trade in 1808. By that time, people of ethnic African and less so Carib descent greatly outnumbered those of ethnic European background.
372:
On 21 February 1795, an army of French and
African freedom fighters led by Goyrand defeated a battalion of British troops. For the next four months, a united front of recently freed slaves and freedom fighters known as the Brigands (also ex-slaves, who instigated revolt across the region) forced out
516:
or rice. Due to Saint Lucia's small Indo-Caribbean population curry is very popular, however due to the blend of between cooking styles curry dishes have a distant
Caribbean twist to it. Roti, a flatbread of Indian origin, has become very popular and is typically served in households or as a quick
269:, accounting for 82.5% of the country's population. An additional 11.9% of the country is multiracial, predominantly of Afro-European descent (mixture of various West and Central African ethnic groups and European groups) and Afro-Indian descent (mixture of African and Indian/South Asian).
327:, they constitute a strong cultural influence on the Island. In many areas, their cultural impact has left the strongest legacy since many Yoruba came as 'indentured servants' after slavery, introducing the Kele and Ogun ritual rites. Also present in big numbers were the Ambundus
373:
not only the
British army, but many of the slaveholders who had been loyal to the British. Just under a year later, the British Army returned, with many more troops than the freedom fighters could manage, and eventually re-imposed slavery until 1807, when the
383:
Even after abolition, all former slaves had to serve a four-year "apprenticeship" which forced them to work for free for their former masters for at least three-quarters of the work week. They achieved full freedom in 1838.
280:, one of the earliest writers to write a detailed study of Saint Lucia, noted during his period little was known about the Island In its early French colonial period, the Bantu slave population were imported from
850:
1926:
512:, cassava, flour and cornmeal. All mainstream meat and poultry are eaten in Saint Lucia; meat and seafood are normally stewed and browned to create a rich gravy sometimes served over
472:
The island's cuisine is a unique blend of
Indigenous Carib, African, European (mainly British and French) and East Indian cuisine; this creates dynamic meal dishes such as
796:
307:
Consequently, the slave population, diverse but distinct, is shaped over the course of two centuries by
Senegambian slaves (including slaves from the Malian hinterland,
414:
The official language is
English; The official language spoken in Saint Lucia is English although many Saint Lucians also speak a French dialect, Creole (Kwéyòl). The
2250:
825:
426:
is used in literature and music, and is gaining official acknowledgement. It is derived chiefly from French and
African languages, with some vocabulary from
858:
2240:
897:
398:
The culture of Saint Lucia has been influenced by
African, Arawak, Carib, East Indian, French and British heritage. One of the secondary languages is a
296:
ethnic groups. As a
British possession, however, at the end of the eighteenth century, Saint Lucia increasingly imported large numbers of slaves from
2138:
1593:
1402:
53:
2165:
2123:
713:
1608:
1098:
2245:
1707:
601:"St. Lucia: Historical, Statistical, and Descriptive : Henry Hegart Breen : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive"
1115:
323:
slaves) and Igbo slaves (Bight of Biafra: roughly 3,000 slaves, or 53% of the slaves enter Saint Lucia before the end of
Slavery). As to
100:
2073:
1294:
72:
2255:
1299:
1076:
353:
The ethno-linguistic dominance of specific groups in certain areas of work, had a great importance in the origin of Creole identity
1682:
1392:
773:
631:
119:
948:
79:
2043:
1227:
921:
800:
2038:
890:
692:
682:
57:
86:
1784:
1747:
1647:
1578:
1564:
1308:
1242:
435:
1677:
68:
2068:
2023:
1951:
1598:
1212:
821:
736:
251:
2219:
492:
nations such as Dominica, neighbouring St. Vincent and the Grenadines and Trinidad. Typical essential foodstuffs are
2098:
2002:
1962:
1637:
1237:
1222:
1005:
415:
347:
262:. However, many Afro-Saint Lucians also have small amounts of other ancestry such as Arawak, European and Indian.
199:
380:
In 1814, the British regained control of the island, many of those freed had escaped into the thick rain forests.
2209:
1849:
1702:
1697:
883:
1476:
926:
235:
1752:
1187:
2185:
1977:
1632:
1303:
46:
1071:
2103:
1898:
1657:
1133:
1059:
489:
393:
362:
1145:
2155:
2080:
1987:
1903:
1888:
1842:
1837:
1712:
1352:
1279:
1274:
988:
935:
93:
2113:
1893:
1692:
1442:
488:, breadfruit, saltfish and other combinations. Saint Lucian cuisine is similar to that of many other
447:
1871:
1862:
1827:
1603:
1377:
1232:
1037:
1020:
374:
320:
2145:
2028:
1794:
1757:
1717:
1652:
1367:
277:
1000:
579:
377:
was abolished (although it was not until 1834 that they abolished the institution of slavery).
2108:
2048:
1908:
1774:
1642:
1533:
1289:
1264:
688:
556:
513:
366:
1881:
1806:
1550:
1503:
1471:
1397:
1335:
1318:
1284:
1217:
1182:
1177:
1155:
1150:
1086:
1064:
968:
943:
906:
534:
473:
423:
399:
195:
1832:
1764:
1687:
1569:
1545:
1513:
1508:
1459:
1432:
1422:
1328:
1207:
1027:
1010:
973:
963:
293:
639:
723:
They Called Us the Brigands. The Saga of St. Lucia's Freedom Fighters by Robert J Devaux
600:
365:, they imported enslaved Africans as workers. Caribbean conditions were harsh, and many
2175:
2160:
1672:
1662:
1620:
1588:
1583:
1523:
1427:
1372:
1362:
1323:
1165:
1160:
1049:
958:
431:
427:
328:
316:
259:
480:
packed full with fresh locally produced vegetables, hearty fish broths or fish water,
2234:
1876:
1801:
1737:
1667:
1528:
1518:
1498:
1486:
1454:
1249:
1170:
1103:
1032:
993:
548:
324:
2133:
2128:
1967:
1625:
1615:
1347:
953:
769:
509:
312:
289:
211:
768:
Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs (U.S. Department of State) (12 August 2011).
17:
822:"Welcome to the International Organisation of La Francophonie's official website"
2150:
1992:
1816:
1779:
1769:
1742:
1357:
1269:
978:
784:
Languages: English (official); a French patois is common throughout the country.
301:
297:
266:
255:
182:
150:
35:
418:(Kwéyòl), which is a French-based Creole colloquially referred to as "Patwah" (
2118:
1789:
1729:
1447:
1054:
660:
524:
457:
343:
339:
335:
281:
215:
1387:
1313:
485:
227:
829:
744:
265:
As of 2013, people of West and Central African descent are the majority in
1538:
1491:
1437:
1254:
1138:
1108:
1091:
983:
740:
453:
285:
2180:
2170:
1042:
461:
1464:
1382:
1340:
1015:
501:
493:
419:
403:
308:
875:
1857:
1481:
684:
A Pepper-pot of Cultures: Aspects of Creolization in the Caribbean
505:
497:
481:
477:
234:
284:, or, during bouts of British rule, supplemented by slaves from
879:
334:
Between 1600 and 1700, most of the slaves, as noted, came from
29:
797:"Kweyolphone Countries Take Stock of the Language's Growth"
338:. These slaves were mainly used as servants. Meanwhile,
626:
624:
622:
620:
430:
and other sources. Saint Lucian Creole is related to
361:
In 1763, when the British acquired the island by the
743:, St. Lucia: St. Lucis Tourist Board. Archived from
452:
The Bèlè music type, characteristic of Saint Lucia,
2089:
2059:
2013:
1950:
1939:
1919:
1815:
1728:
1563:
1413:
1198:
1124:
934:
920:
913:
221:
205:
189:
168:
158:
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
763:
761:
826:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
891:
681:Collier, Gordon; Fleischmann, Ulrich (2003).
422:), is spoken by 95% of the population. This
8:
731:
729:
135:
799:. Government of Saint Lucia. Archived from
1947:
931:
917:
898:
884:
876:
134:
580:"CIA - The World Factbook -- Saint Lucia"
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
568:
331:slaves (more of 1,000 slaves, or 22%).
2251:Saint Lucian people of African descent
574:
572:
239:Afro-Saint Lucians at Castries Market
27:Saint Lucians of West African descent
7:
2215:
169:Regions with significant populations
58:adding citations to reliable sources
632:"St. Lucian Kwéyòl on Saint Croix"
25:
2241:African diaspora in the Caribbean
774:United States Department of State
2214:
2205:
2204:
1087:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
541:
527:
175:
149:
142:
34:
45:needs additional citations for
770:"Background Note: Saint Lucia"
1:
2246:Ethnic groups in Saint Lucia
254:whose ancestry lies within
2272:
2099:African diaspora religions
1223:Indigenous Black Canadians
445:
416:Saint Lucian Creole French
391:
350:, exerted as rural slaves
248:West African-Saint Lucians
200:Saint Lucian Creole French
2256:People of African descent
2200:
2074:African Hebrew Israelites
1850:Afro-Asians in South Asia
226:
210:
194:
173:
163:
140:
1116:Turks and Caicos Islands
563:References and footnotes
434:that both languages are
2104:Anti-African sentiment
855:Habitation-sucrerie.fr
490:commonwealth Caribbean
394:Culture of Saint Lucia
388:Demography and culture
240:
2156:Civil rights movement
2044:Afro-Caribbean people
1353:Chestnut Ridge people
1275:African-American Jews
1077:Saint Kitts and Nevis
636:Cambridgescholars.com
238:
222:Related ethnic groups
2114:Atlantic slave trade
1802:United Arab Emirates
448:Music of Saint Lucia
69:"Afro–Saint Lucians"
54:improve this article
2003:Sierra Leone Creole
1854:India and Pakistan
1099:Trinidad and Tobago
949:Antigua and Barbuda
436:French-based creole
402:, a form of French
375:African slave trade
137:
2146:Black Lives Matter
1753:Ethiopian Israelis
1403:African immigrants
1378:Louisiana Redbones
1314:Chickasaw freedmen
1243:African immigrants
1011:Dominican Republic
244:Afro-Saint Lucians
241:
136:Afro-Saint Lucians
18:Afro-Saint Lucians
2228:
2227:
2196:
2195:
2109:Anti-Black racism
2049:British Jamaicans
2039:African Americans
2024:African Americans
1978:Americo-Liberians
1963:African Americans
1935:
1934:
1758:Sudanese refugees
1559:
1558:
1329:Seminole freedmen
1309:Cherokee freedmen
1290:Black Southerners
1265:African Americans
1213:African Americans
737:"About St. Lucia"
557:Indo-Saint Lucian
514:ground provisions
346:slaves, from the
233:
232:
185:(Approx. 134,294)
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
2263:
2218:
2217:
2208:
2207:
1948:
1336:Creoles of color
1319:Choctaw freedmen
1285:Black Mennonites
1218:Black Mennonites
1065:Jamaican Maroons
1021:Samaná Americans
932:
918:
907:African diaspora
900:
893:
886:
877:
870:
869:
867:
866:
857:. Archived from
847:
841:
840:
838:
837:
828:. Archived from
818:
812:
811:
809:
808:
793:
787:
786:
781:
780:
765:
756:
755:
753:
752:
733:
724:
721:
715:
711:
705:
704:
702:
701:
678:
672:
671:
669:
668:
657:
651:
650:
648:
647:
638:. Archived from
628:
615:
614:
612:
611:
597:
591:
590:
588:
587:
576:
551:
546:
545:
544:
537:
535:Caribbean portal
532:
531:
530:
424:Antillean Creole
329:Central Africans
319:etc.) and Akan (
181:
179:
178:
159:Total population
154:
153:
147:
146:
145:
138:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2260:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2224:
2192:
2166:Genetic history
2091:
2085:
2061:
2055:
2035:United Kingdom
2009:
1988:Afro-Brazilians
1943:
1941:
1931:
1915:
1820:
1811:
1724:
1567:
1555:
1415:
1409:
1280:Alabama Creoles
1200:
1194:
1126:
1120:
925:
909:
904:
874:
873:
864:
862:
849:
848:
844:
835:
833:
820:
819:
815:
806:
804:
795:
794:
790:
778:
776:
767:
766:
759:
750:
748:
735:
734:
727:
722:
718:
712:
708:
699:
697:
695:
687:. p. 141.
680:
679:
675:
666:
664:
659:
658:
654:
645:
643:
630:
629:
618:
609:
607:
599:
598:
594:
585:
583:
578:
577:
570:
565:
547:
542:
540:
533:
528:
526:
523:
470:
460:is probably of
450:
444:
412:
396:
390:
363:Treaty of Paris
359:
275:
176:
174:
164:Approx. 134,294
148:
143:
141:
133:
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2269:
2267:
2259:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2233:
2232:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2212:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2189:
2188:
2178:
2176:Pan-Africanism
2173:
2168:
2163:
2161:Creole peoples
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2142:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2095:
2093:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2083:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2065:
2063:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2033:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2006:
2005:
1997:
1996:
1995:
1990:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1965:
1956:
1954:
1945:
1937:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1923:
1921:
1917:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1912:
1911:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1877:Black Dutchmen
1869:
1868:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1852:
1847:
1846:
1845:
1840:
1830:
1824:
1822:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1798:
1797:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1745:
1740:
1734:
1732:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1693:United Kingdom
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1629:
1628:
1618:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1575:
1573:
1561:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1474:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1457:
1452:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1430:
1425:
1419:
1417:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1344:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1324:Creek freedmen
1321:
1316:
1311:
1297:
1295:Black Hispanic
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1261:United States
1259:
1258:
1257:
1247:
1246:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1204:
1202:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1180:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1166:Miskito people
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1142:
1141:
1130:
1128:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1118:
1113:
1112:
1111:
1106:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1040:
1030:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1008:
1003:
998:
997:
996:
991:
986:
976:
974:Cayman Islands
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
940:
938:
929:
915:
911:
910:
905:
903:
902:
895:
888:
880:
872:
871:
842:
813:
788:
757:
725:
716:
706:
693:
673:
652:
616:
592:
567:
566:
564:
561:
560:
559:
553:
552:
538:
522:
519:
469:
466:
446:Main article:
443:
440:
432:Haitian Creole
411:
408:
392:Main article:
389:
386:
367:African slaves
358:
355:
274:
271:
260:Central Africa
231:
230:
224:
223:
219:
218:
208:
207:
203:
202:
192:
191:
187:
186:
171:
170:
166:
165:
161:
160:
156:
155:
131:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2268:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2221:
2213:
2211:
2203:
2202:
2199:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2088:
2082:
2079:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2058:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2012:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1999:Sierra Leone
1998:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1949:
1946:
1942:Afro-American
1938:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1873:
1870:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1818:
1814:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
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