2001:
that life force. To the Gĩkũyũ people, God was the supreme being in the universe and the giver (Mũgai/Ngai) of this life force to everything that exists. Gĩkũyũ people also believed that everything God created had a vital inner force and a connection bond to Him by the mere fact that he created that thing and gave it that inner force that makes it be and be manifested physically. To the Agĩkũyũ, God had this life force within himself hence He was the ultimate owner and ruler of everything in the universe. The latter was the ultimate conception of God among the Gĩkũyũ people hence the name Mũgai/Ngai. To the Gĩkũyũ people, those who possessed the greatest life force, those closest to God were the first parents created by God because God directly gave them the vital living force. These first parents were so respected to be treated almost like God himself. These were followed by the ancestors of the people who inherited life force from the first parents, then followed by the immediate dead and finally the eldest in the community. Hence when people wanted to offer sacrifices, the eldest in the community would perform the rites. Children in the community had a link to God through their parents and that chain would move upwards to parent parents, ancestors, first created parents until it reaches God
Himself. The Gĩkũyũ people believed the departed spirits of the ancestors can be reborn again in this world when children are being born, hence the rites performed during the child naming ceremonies. The Gĩkũyũ people believed the vital life force or soul of a person can be increased or diminished, thereby affecting the person's health. They also believed that some people possessed power to manipulate the inner force in all things. These people who increased the well-being of a person spirit were called medicine-men (Mũgo) while those who diminished the person's life force were called witchdoctors (Mũrogi). They also believed that ordinary items can have their spiritual powers increased such that they protect a person against those bent on diminishing a person vital life force. Such an item with such powers was called
2005:. Thus, the philosophy of the Gĩkũyũ religion and life, in general, was anchored on the understanding that everything in the universe has an inner interlinked force that we do not see. God among the Gĩkũyũ people was understood hence to be the owner and distributor (Mũgai) of this inner life force in all things and He was worshiped and praised to either increase the life force of all things (farm produce, cattle, children) the Gĩkũyũ people possessed and minimize events that led to catastrophes that would diminish the life force of the people or lead to death. The leader of the Gĩkũyũ people was the person who was thought to possess the greatest life force among the people or the person who had demonstrated the greatest life force in taking care of the people, their families, their farm produce, their cattle and their land. This person was hence thought to be closer to God than anybody else living in that nation. The said person also had to demonstrate and practice the highest levels of
56:
2108:). Girls, on the other hand, were initiated every year. Several regiments then make up a ruling generation. It was estimated that ruling generations lasted an average of 35 years. The names of the initiation and regiment sets vary within Gĩkũyũ land. The ruling generations are however uniform and provide very important chronological data. On top of that, the initiation sets were a way of documenting events within the Gĩkũyũ nation, so, for example, were the occurrence of smallpox and syphilis recorded. Girls' initiation sets were also accorded special names, although there has been little research in this area. Mũriũki only unearths three sets, whose names are,
2596:(Wanjirũ according to Leakey) of the original Gĩkũyũ of Gĩkũyũ and Mũmbi fame. After he was deposed, it was decided that the government should be democratic, which is how the Ituĩka came to be. This legend of course calls into question exactly when it was that the matrilineal rule set in. The last Ituĩka ceremony, where the riika of Maina handed over power to the Mwangi generation, took place in 1898–9. The next one was supposed to be held in 1925–1928 but was thwarted by the colonial imperialist government and one by one Gĩkũyũ institutions crumbled.
2692:
1743:
2828:, the former president of the moderate Kikuyu Central Association, became president of the more aggressive KAU to demand a greater political voice for the native inhabitants. The failure of the KAU to attain any significant reforms or redress of grievances from the colonial authorities shifted the political initiative to younger and more militant figures within the African trade union movement, among the squatters on the settler estates in the Rift Valley and in KAU branches in Nairobi and the Kikuyu districts of central province.
2970:
2571:(case), which is also a very popular masculine name among the Agĩkũyũ. This would call into question, when it was exactly that children started being named after the parents of one's parents. Had that system, of naming one's children after one's parents been there from the beginning, there would be very few male names in circulation. This is however not the case, as there are very many Gĩkũyũ male names. One theory is that the female names are much less, with the names of the full-nine daughters of Mũmbi being most prevalent.
1731:
1913:
rainbows, and in the great fig trees (Mugumo). These trees served as places of worship and sacrifice and marked the spot at Mũkũrwe Wa
Nyagathanga where Gĩkũyũ and Mũmbi – the ancestors of the Gĩkũyũ in the oral legend – first settled. Ngai has human characteristics, and although some say that he lives in the sky or in the clouds, Gĩkũyũ lore also says that Ngai comes to earth from time to time to inspect it, bestow blessings, and mete out punishment. When he comes, Ngai rests on
1836:
blood-brotherhood (partnerships), intermarriage with other people, and their adoption and absorption, the Agĩkũyũ were in a constant state of territorial expansion. Economically, the Agĩkũyũ were great farmers and shrewd businesspeople. Besides farming and business, the Agĩkũyũ were involved in small scale industries with professions such as bridge building, string making, wire drawing, and iron chain making. The Agĩkũyũ had a great sense of
2030:
1860:. The clans were not restricted to any particular geographical area, they lived side by side. Some clans had a recognised leader, others did not. However, in either case, real political power was exercised by the ruling council of elders for each clan. Each clan then forwarded the leader of its council to the apex council of elders for the whole community. The overall council of elders representing all the clans was then led by a
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166:
2088:. Each initiation group was given a special name. According to Professor Godfrey Mũriũki, the individual initiation sets are then grouped into a regiment every nine calendar years. Before a regiment or army was set, there was a period in which no initiation of boys took place. This period lasted a total of four and a half calendar years (nine seasons in Gĩkũyũ land, each season referred to as
1645:
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2839:(Mau Mau) launched an all-out revolt against the colonial government, the settlers and their Kenyan allies. By this time, the Mau Mau were fighting for complete independence of Kenya. The war is considered by some the gravest crisis of Britain's African colonies The capture of rebel leader Dedan Kimathi on 21 October 1956 signalled the ultimate defeat of the
1723:
2711:, subsequently opening in 1902 the fertile highlands to European emigrants. The Agikuyu, upset at the waves of emigrants, enforced a policy of killing any of their own that collaborated with the colonial government. When disputes with white settlers and the Agikuyu became violent (usually over land issues), the settlers would employ
1921:(kĩrĩma kĩa njahĩ). Thunder is interpreted to be the movement of Ngai and lightning is the weapon used by Ngai to clear the way when moving from one sacred place to another. Some people believe that Ngai's abode is on Mount Kenya. In one legend Ngai made the mountain his resting place while on an inspection tour of
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came to an end in 1963, the
Agikuyu now form an integral part of the Kenyan nation. They continue to play their part as citizens of Kenya, helping to build their country. However, some Kenyans resent their incorrectly perceived superior economic status, a resentment sometimes vented through political
2503:
extensively, has the following list of regiment sets from Gichũgũ and Ndia. (It should be remembered that this names were unlike ruling generations not uniform in Gĩkũyũ land. It should also be noted that Ndia and Gachũgũ followed a system where initiation took place every annually for four years and
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Castrì, Loredana; Tofanelli, Sergio; Garagnani, Paolo; Bini, Carla; Fosella, Xenia; Pelotti, Susi; Paoli, Giorgio; Pettener, Davide; Luiselli, Donata (2009). "mtDNA variability in two Bantu-speaking populations (Shona and Hutu) from
Eastern Africa: implications for peopling and migration patterns in
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Traditional Kikuyu music has existed for generations up to 1888, when colonialism disrupted their life. Before 1888 and well into the 1920s, Kikuyu music included
Kibaata, Nduumo and Muthunguci. Cultural loss increased as urbanization and modernization impacted on indigenous knowledge, including the
2763:
The experiences gained by
Africans in the war, coupled with the creation of the white-dominated Kenya Crown Colony, gave rise to considerable political activity in the 1920s which culminated in Archdeacon Owen's "Piny Owacho" (Voice of the People) movement and the "Young Kikuyu Association" (renamed
2645:
The last Ituĩka ceremony where the rĩĩka of Maina handed over power to the Mwangi generation, took place in 1898–1899. The next one was supposed to be held in 1925–1928 but was thwarted by the colonial government. The traditional symbols of power among the
Agikuyu nation is the Muthĩgi (Stick) which
2420:
Professor Mũriũki's list must be given precedence in this area as he conducted extensive research in this area starting 1969, and had the benefit of all earlier literature on the subject as well as doing extensive field work in the areas of Gaki (Nyeri), Metumi (Mũrang'a) and Kabete (Kĩambu). On top
3002:
also due to intermarriage prior to colonization. The Gĩkũyũ people between Thika and Mbeere are closely related to the Kamba people who speak a language similar to Gĩkũyũ. As a result, the Gĩkũyũ people that retain much of the original Gĩkũyũ heritage reside around
Kirinyaga and Murang'a regions of
2997:
The Gĩkũyũ are closely related to some Bantu communities due to intermarriages prior to colonization. These communities are the Embu, Meru, and Akamba people who also live around Mt. Kenya. Members of the Gĩkũyũ family from the greater Kiambu (commonly referred to as the Kabete) and Nyeri districts
2595:
There was a very important ceremony known as Ituĩka in which the old guard would hand over the reins of government to the next generation. This was to avoid dictatorship. Kenyatta related how once, in the land of the Agĩkũyũ, there ruled a despotic King called Gĩkũyũ, grandson of the elder daughter
2587:
Freely translated it means "In those days the male children were given the names of the riika (initiation set) like Watene, Cuma, Iregi, or Ciira. Girls were on the other hand named after the clans that were named earlier until such a time as it was decided to name the children after the parents of
2559:
The remarkable thing in this list in comparison to the Metumi one is how some of the same names are used, if a bit offset. Ndia and Gachũgũ are extremely far from Metumi. Gaki on the other hand, as far as my geographical understanding of Gĩkũyũ land is concerned should be much closer to Metumi, yet
2000:
The Gĩkũyũ held a belief in the interconnection of everything in the universe. To the Gĩkũyũ people, everything we see has an inner spiritual force and the most sacred though unspoken ontology was being is force. This spiritual vital force originated from God, who had the power to create or destroy
3091:
Kikuyu cinema and film production are a very recent phenomenon among the
Agikuyu. They have become popular only in the 21st century. In the 20th century, most of the Agikuyu consumed cinema and film produced in the west. Popular Kikuyu film productions include comedies such as Machang'i series and
3100:
Typical Agĩkũyũ food includes Yams, sweet potatoes, Gītheri (maize and beans, after corn was introduced to Africa), Mūkimo (mashed green peas and potatoes), Kīmitū (mashed beans and potatoes), Irio (mashed dry beans, corn and potatoes), Mūtura (sausage made using goat intestines, meat and blood),
2591:
This would strangely mean that the female names are the oldest in Gĩkũyũ land, further confirming its matrilineal descent. As far as male names are concerned, there is of course the chicken and the egg question, of when a name specifically appeared but some names are tied to events that happened
1992:
The leader of a human society is the one possessing the highest vital force as at that time or the one closest to God or both. Since the leader of this human society has the highest vital force and hence closer to God than any other person, he should be able to nourish the rest of the people by
1912:
is the
Supreme Creator and giver of all things. He created the first Gĩkũyũ communities, and provided them with all the resources necessary for life: land, rain, plants, and animals. Ngai cannot be seen but is manifested in the sun, moon, stars, comets and meteors, thunder and lightning, rain,
1835:
and their caravans passed at the southern edges of the Agĩkũyũ nation. Slavery as an institution did not exist amongst the Agĩkũyũ, nor did they make raids for the capture of slaves. The Arabs who tried to venture into Agĩkũyũ land met instant death. Relying on a combination of land purchases,
2719:
to carry out their fighting for them. The Maasai had historically negative relations with the Agikuyu, and thus were willing to take up arms against them. The various conflicts between the settlers and the Agikuyu often resulted in defeat for the latter, thanks to their inferior weaponry. The
2731:
to the south, which were initially frustrated. At the outbreak of war in August 1914, the governors of British East Africa (as the Protectorate was generally known) and German East Africa agreed to a truce in an attempt to keep the young colonies out of direct hostilities. However, Lt. Col
3038:
alphabet. The Kikuyu responded strongly to missionaries and European education. They had greater access to education and opportunities for involvement in the new money economy and political changes in their country. As a consequence, there are notable Kikuyu literature icons such as
2788:. The area was already home to over a million members of the Kikuyu nation, most of whom had been pushed off their land by the encroaching European settlers, and lived as itinerant farmers. To protect their interests, the settlers banned the production of coffee, introduced a
2588:
the man and the woman." From this statement it is not clear whether the girls were named ad hoc after any clan, no matter what clan the parents belonged to. Naming them after the specific clan that the parents belonged to would have severely restricted naming options.
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1978:
A human can easily manipulate things to his advantage or to their detriment by identifying this point of concentration of vital force. There are human beings who have more knowledge of these forces and can manipulate them at will usually by invoking higher forces to
1781:
is uncertain. Some authorities suggest that the Kikuyu arrived in their present Mount Kenya area of habitation from earlier settlements further to the north and east, while others argue that the Kikuyu, along with their closely related Eastern Bantu neighbours the
2582:
Hingo ĩyo ciana cia arũme ciatuagwo marĩĩtwa ma mariika ta Watene, Cuma, Iregi kana Ciira. Nao airĩĩtu magatuuo marĩĩtwa ma mĩhĩrĩga tauria hagwetetwo nah au kabere, o nginya hingo iria maundu maatabariirwo thuuthaini ati ciana ituagwo aciari a mwanake na a
2776:
as its Secretary General focused on unifying the Kikuyu into one geographic polity, but its project was undermined by controversies over ritual tribute, land allocation, the ban on female circumcision, and support for Thuku. The KCA sent Kenyatta to
3148:
s (groups). It is in these groups that they are given advice on issues like marriage, the Kikuyu culture and community responsibilities. Members of the church were given the ultimatum to renounce the cultural practice or to leave the church's fold.
3384:
2852:
3113:, most are Christians today, of varying denominations, as well as various syncretic forms of Christianity. A minority of the Kikuyu practice Islam, notably through Arab, Indian and Persian missionaries since trade with the rest of East Africa.
2812:
1881:. All of the Gĩkũyũ, Embu, and Kamba use this name. Ngai was also known as Mũrungu by the Meru and Embu tribes, or Mũlungu (a variant of a word referring to the Creator). The title Mwathani or Mwathi (the greatest ruler) comes from the word
1801:
From archaeological evidence, their arrival at the northern side of Mt. Kenya dates to around the 3rd century, as part of the larger group known as Thagicu. By the 6th century, there was a community of Agikuyu newly established at
2949:(2009). Kikuyu were estimated by Tishkoff et al. to have 43% ancestry from the Niger-Kordofan cluster, 36% from Cushitic, 8% from Nilo-Saharan, 6% from Sandawe, and 1% or less from each of the other clusters According to Salas
2819:
In 1946 KASU became the Kenya African Union (KAU). It was a nationalist organisation that demanded access to white-owned land. KAU acted as a constituency association for the first black member of Kenya's legislative council,
2664:", and now various individuals moved to establish a colony in the region, noting the abundant and fertile farmland. Although initially non-hostile, relationships between the Agikuyu and the Europeans soon turned violent:
5128:
Wood, Elizabeth T.; Stover, Daryn A.; Ehret, Christopher; Destro-Bisol, Giovanni; Spedini, Gabriella; McLeod, Howard; Louie, Leslie; Bamshad, Mike; Strassmann, Beverly I.; Soodyall, Himla; Hammer, Michael F. (2005).
2421:
of the ruling generations, he also gives names of the regiments or army sets from 1659 and the names of annual initiation sets beginning 1864. The list from Metumi (Mũrang'a) is most complete and differentiated.
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3079:
ability to play the mũtũrĩrũ – an oblique bark flute. Today, music and dance are strong components of Kikuyu culture. There is a vigorous Kikuyu recording industry, for both secular and gospel music, in their
5624:
With a Prehistoric People: The Akikûyu of British East Africa, Being some account of the method of life and mode of thought found existent amongst a nation on its first contact with European civilisation
5479:
1989:
The human society has some few elite people very skilled in the art of manipulating forces to strengthen a human(s) force or diminish it, strengthen any force below human force or diminish it.
2104:
the system was inversed with initiation taking place annually for four calendar years, which would be followed by a period of nine calendar years in which no initiation of boys took place (
2772:
the following year, and it was not until 1924 that the Kikuyu Central Association (KCA) was formed to carry on with Thuku's campaign. From 1924, the Kikuyu Central Association (KCA), with
1996:
The life force of a dead ancestor can come back to life through the act of birth of a new child, especially when the child is named after the departed ancestor and all is seen to be well.
2792:, and landless workers were granted less and less land in exchange for their labour. A massive exodus to the cities ensued as their ability to provide a living from the land dwindled.
1827:
in 1895, the Agĩkũyũ preserved geographic and political power from almost all external influence for many generations; they had never been subdued. Before the arrival of the British,
2803:
and shattered their conceptions of Europeans. Meanwhile, on the political front, in 1944 Thuku founded and was first chairman of the multi-ethnic Kenya African Study Union (KASU).
2843:, and essentially ended the military campaign although the state of emergency would last until 1959. The conflict arguably set the stage for Kenyan independence in December 1963.
2768:(1895–1970), which gave a sense of nationalism to many Kikuyu and advocated civil disobedience. Thuku's campaign against the colonial government was short-lived. He was exiled to
2720:
Agikuyu, having been unsuccessful in their conflicts with the European settlers and the colonial government, turned to political means as a method of resolving their grievances.
5079:"Phylogeographic Refinement and Large Scale Genotyping of Human Y Chromosome Haplogroup E Provide New Insights into the Dispersal of Early Pastoralists in the African Continent"
5849:
2824:, who had been nominated in 1944 by the governor after consulting with the local Bantu/Nilotic elite. The KAU remained dominated by the Kikuyu ethnic group. In 1947
55:
3101:Ūcūrū (fermented porridge made from flour of corn, millet or sorghum) roast goat, beef, chicken and cooked green vegetables such as collards, spinach and carrots.
2660:
The traditional way of life of Agikuyu was disrupted when they came into contact with the British around 1888. British explorers had visited the region prior the "
1945:
The universe is composed of interacting and interconnected forces whose manifestation is the physical things we see, including ourselves and those we do not see.
1278:
5528:
Bantu Beliefs and Magic: With particular reference to the Kikuyu and Kamba tribes of Kenya colony; together with some reflections on East Africa after the war
2096:, with initiation taking place at the start of the fifth year and going on annually for the next nine calendar years. This was the system adopted in Metumi
1675:
5184:
1948:
All those forces (things) in the universe came from God who, from the beginning of time, have had the vital divine force of creation within himself.
1273:
3092:
Kihenjo series. Recently, Kenyan television channels have increased greatly and there are channels that broadcast programs in the Kikuyu language.
1993:
linking them to the ultimate God and by being able to command lower forces to act in such a way so as to reinforce the other humans' vital force.
3034:
When the European missionaries arrived in the Agikuyu country in 1888, they learned the Kikuyu language and started writing it using a modified
733:
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5672:
4327:
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By the 1930s, approximately 30,000 white settlers lived in Agikuyu country and gained a political voice because of their contribution to the
1529:
4435:
2795:
In the Second World War (1939–45) Kenya became an important military base. For the Agikuyu soldiers who took part in the war as part of the
1982:
Higher forces are invoked by humans using lower forces (animal or plant sacrifice) as intermediaries. To approach higher forces directly is
5842:
3363:
2681:
1534:
5823:
Muigwithania 2.0 – First Gĩkũyũ Newspaper – The original KCA publication banned by the colonial government revived on the Internet in 2008
2756:
and then needed large numbers of porters to overcome the formidable logistics of transporting supplies far into the interior by foot. The
2560:
virtually no names of regiment sets are shared. It should however be noted that Gaki had a strong connection to the Maasai living nearby.
2301:. The last two generations came after 1900. One of the earliest recorded lists by McGregor reads (list taken from a history of unchanged)
5443:
5286:
4308:, World Cross Country Champion four consecutive titles between 1986 and 1989 and five titles overall. 1988 Olympic Champion 5000 metres
3949:
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entails the slaughtering of goats and advising men on how to become respected elders. When this process is over, they join different
5592:
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took command of the German military forces, determined to tie down as many British resources as possible. Completely cut off from
5009:"Y-chromosomal variation in Sub-Saharan Africa: insights into the history of Niger-Congo groups. Molecular biology and evolution"
2700:
2592:
during the initiation. For example, Wainaina refers to those who shivered during circumcision. Kũinaina (to shake or to shiver).
2424:
Mũriũki's is also the most systematically defined list so far. Most of the most popular male names in Gĩkũyũ land were names of
5835:
3836:
3504:
3500:
3326:
3312:
1337:
173:
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Muhindi, Samuel, Author 2009, A Gĩkũyũ Christian movie] - The first Gĩkũyũ author to write and shoot a Christian Gĩkũyũ movie
1975:
There is a specific point within every physical manifestation (thing) of vital force where most of that force is concentrated.
5314:
4271:
1668:
1364:
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3687:
1059:
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3557:
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5221:"Genetic Population Structure Accounts for Contemporary Ecogeographic Patterns in Tropic and Subtropic-Dwelling Humans"
2100:. The regiment or army sets also get special names, some of which seem to have ended up as popular male names. In Gaki
4117:
3691:
3279:
3266:
2836:
1099:
4992:
Robbins, Richard H. (2008). 'Global Problems and the Culture of Capitalism (4th Ed.). Pearson Education, Inc. P. 315.
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then a period of nine calendar years followed where no initiation of boys took place. This period was referred to as
2691:
5687:
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5131:"Contrasting patterns of Y chromosome and mtDNA variation in Africa: evidence for sex-biased demographic processes"
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4397:"2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census Volume IV: Distribution of Population by Socio-Economic Characteristics"
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campaign, living off the land, capturing British supplies, and remaining undefeated. He eventually surrendered in
755:
3631:, musician and actress (mother: Esther Njeri Munyali (Kikuyu), father: Samuel Kirui Munyali (Ugandan from Mbale))
2900:
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The ruling generation names of Maina and Mwangi are also very popular male Gĩkũyũ names. The theory is also that
1759:
1661:
1480:
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Kikuyu chief Wanbugu (seated center) in talks with the High Commissioner of the East Africa Protectorate c. 1910
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183:
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The first humans who were created by God have the strongest vital force because they got it directly from God.
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meaning to rule or reign with authority, was and is still used. All sacrifices to Ngai were performed under a
5817:
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The ruling generations, the rĩĩka system can be traced back to the year 1500 AD or thereabouts. These were:
905:
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31:
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5497:
4359:, 400 metres hurdles gold medalist at the 2016 African Championships, silver medalist at the 2016 Olympics.
3341:, the first Assistant Secretary-General for the Office of Internal Oversight Services at the United Nations
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was formed and ultimately mobilised over 400,000 Africans, contributing to their long-term politicisation.
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1925:. Ngai then took the first man, Gikuyu, to the top to point out the beauty of the land he was giving him.
1730:
1268:
927:
821:
362:
3420:(1965), which condemns female genital mutilation, is considered the first play written by a Kenyan woman.
3070:
which is the largest known Kikuyu language novel having been translated into more than thirty languages.
6139:
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5858:
5768:
Emmanuel Kariũki, Kikuyu People Secrets of the migration from Egypt to Mount Kenya at hubpages.com, 2012
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All the other things (forces) on Earth were created to enable human vital force (being) become stronger.
1960:
The current parent of an individual is the link to God through the immediate dead and through ancestors.
1810:. The Agikuyu established themselves in their current homeland of Mt. Kenya region by the 13th century.
1735:
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1614:
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Hruschka, Daniel J.; Hadley, Craig; Brewis, Alexandra A.; Stojanowski, Christopher M. (27 March 2015).
1877:
The Gĩkũyũ were – and still are – monotheists believing in an omnipotent Creator whom they refer to as
2748:
eleven days after the Armistice was signed in 1918. To chase von Lettow-Vorbeck, the British deployed
1957:
Because these first humans sit just below God in power, they are almost like Gods or even can be Gods.
5602:
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4057:, former Minister of State, brother-in-law of Jomo Kenyatta, first Kenyan holder of a master's degree
3730:
3717:, entrepreneur and owner of the Kenya Nut Company, one of the world's largest macadamia nut exporters
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1969:
All things have vital force but some objects, plants and animals have higher vital force than others.
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1443:
3680:, entrepreneur, internationally respected economist and former Governor of the Central Bank of Kenya
3671:, founder and chairman of Royal Media Services, the largest private radio and television network in
2781:
in 1924 and again in 1931 to air their grievances against the colonial government and its policies.
6131:
6063:
5957:
5744:
5618:
5430:
4433:
4320:, Paralympics Gold medalist over 5,000 meters, holder of various marathon and half marathon records
3338:
3288:
3242:
3216:
2800:
2749:
2661:
1624:
1544:
1391:
1305:
1283:
1190:
932:
624:
554:
3785:, businesswoman and investment banker. Co-founder of First Africa Group which was later bought by
2684:(BEAC) burned down Lugard's fort in 1890. Waiyaki was captured two years later by the company and
5160:
4975:
4846:
Bantu Beliefs and Magic: With Particular Reference to the Gĩkũyũ and Kamba Tribes of Kenya Colony
4267:
3875:
3822:
3786:
3359:
3212:
3060:
1697:
1589:
1579:
1315:
1198:
995:
900:
862:
747:
728:
5827:
4365:, esports player, first woman in East Africa to be signed by a professional esports organisation
3887:
3662:
5947:
5691:
5668:
5588:
5560:
5426:
Melanie Lidman, It's Important to note that some Kikuyus believe they are the original Hebrew
5268:
5250:
5201:
5152:
5110:
5038:
4470:
4335:
4323:
4311:
4295:
4048:
4014:
3990:
3761:, Current Nakuru Senator, founder and CEO of Keroche Breweries, Kenya's second-largest brewery
3580:
3300:
3248:
3207:
3203:
3175:
2741:
2428:(initiation sets). Here is Mũriũki's list of the names of regiment sets in Metumi (Mũrang'a):
2397:
ruling generation which ruled from the year 1722 to 1756, give or take 25 years, according to
1475:
1374:
1342:
1146:
1123:
1034:
879:
867:
836:
826:
654:
260:. At a population of 8,148,668 as of 2019, they account for 17.13% of the total population of
4464:
4260:, Roman Catholic Archbishop in charge of the Catholic Archdiocese of Nyeri, elder brother to
2417:
ruling generation that ruled from 1757 to 1791, give or take 20 years, according to Mũriũki.
1972:
A human can use an animal to symbolize the level of his vital force compared to other humans.
6121:
6093:
6068:
5374:
5258:
5240:
5193:
5142:
5100:
5092:
5028:
5020:
4967:
4250:
4210:
4206:
3954:
3914:
3863:
3832:
3574:
3401:
3294:
3054:
3048:
2991:
2840:
2677:
2665:
2345:, extended over two years. The ruling generation at the arrival of the Europeans was called
2055:
1693:
1504:
1448:
1354:
1016:
990:
949:
939:
910:
846:
765:
723:
701:
634:
569:
388:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
300:
280:
98:
94:
5394:
3335:, oldest person in the world to start primary school after enrolling in first grade aged 84
2029:
6175:
6088:
6005:
5632:
4958:
Berman, Bruce J. (1991). "Nationalism, ethnicity, and modernity: The paradox of Mau Mau".
4439:
4356:
4331:
4291:
4257:
4111:
4072:
3899:
3804:
3776:
3764:
3758:
3647:
3622:
3616:
3423:
3389:
3308:
3262:
3171:
3003:
Kenya. The Murang'a district is considered by many to be the cradle of the Gĩkũyũ people.
2987:
2983:
2915:
2716:
1886:
1778:
1559:
1549:
1470:
1428:
1386:
1310:
1241:
973:
944:
915:
872:
841:
795:
770:
760:
639:
614:
517:
512:
502:
398:
90:
5501:
4938:"African Tribalism, African Socialism and the Goal of Political Democracy in Kenya pg 61"
4914:"African Tribalism, African Socialism and the Goal of Political Democracy in Kenya pg 60"
4490:
1852:
The Agĩkũyũ nation was divided into nine clans. Each clan traced its lineage to a single
5786:
5236:
4314:, four-time Boston Marathon Champion, Olympic marathon silver medalist in 2004 and 2008.
3157:
6073:
6040:
6010:
5995:
5962:
5902:
5565:
5263:
5220:
5105:
5078:
5033:
5008:
4350:
4317:
4283:
4215:
4200:
4160:
4142:
4127:
4102:
4084:
4054:
4026:
4020:
3972:
3934:
3847:
3841:
3818:
3813:
3800:
3791:
3782:
3770:
3672:
3568:
3543:
3526:
3395:
3270:
3236:
3227:
3221:
3197:
3035:
2785:
1462:
1297:
1236:
1212:
790:
775:
681:
664:
649:
619:
609:
271:
3844:, former Google Sub-Saharan Africa Lead and current Cabinet Secretary for ICT in Kenya
2646:
signifies power to lead and the Itimũ (Spear) signifying power to call people to war.
6164:
6025:
5990:
5972:
5952:
5937:
5907:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5622:
5581:
5548:
5526:
4368:
4341:
4287:
4191:
4154:
4148:
4121:
4106:
4066:
4044:
4008:
4002:
3996:
3930:
3920:
3748:
3742:
3736:
3708:
3677:
3634:
3586:
3549:
3494:
3484:
3474:
3462:
3456:
3443:
3437:
3374:
3350:
3332:
3304:
3284:
3275:
3256:
3252:
3182:
2999:
2930:
2832:
2825:
2773:
2757:
2737:
2712:
1938:
1791:
1767:
1609:
1584:
1554:
1497:
1433:
1176:
1104:
1049:
1005:
978:
691:
674:
659:
629:
604:
589:
542:
522:
253:
154:
142:
5164:
3659:, current CEO of Safaricom PLC. the largest network service provider in East Africa.
785:
6098:
6078:
6058:
6030:
6000:
5967:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5912:
5684:
Defeating Mau Mau, Creating Kenya: Counterinsurgency, Civil War, and Decolonization
4241:
4172:
4096:
3984:
3978:
3939:
3893:
3881:
3869:
3851:
3809:
3720:
3702:
3696:
3604:
3592:
3537:
3522:
3468:
3385:
Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association
3120:
in the town of Kusuku. While they practice a normative form of Judaism (similar to
2919:
2877:
2864:
2685:
2085:
1807:
1795:
1649:
1423:
1226:
1089:
1064:
983:
696:
686:
644:
579:
574:
564:
559:
537:
532:
527:
507:
475:
425:
378:
150:
146:
110:
4863:
3987:, first person of Black African descent to be elected to the Australian Parliament
3933:, freedom-fighter and politician. Member of the Mau Mau Central Committee and the
1777:
The exact place that the Northeast Bantu speakers migrated from after the initial
5339:
5245:
4844:
4634:
3140:
and this triggered disturbances among devotees in the region of Mount Kenya. The
3136:
made a resolution to prohibit its members from the Kikuyu cultural rite known as
6083:
6035:
6015:
5942:
5897:
5892:
4234:
4228:
4166:
4087:, businessman, politician, multiparty activist and former presidential candidate
4078:
4060:
4038:
4032:
4029:(Mama Ngina), former First Lady, wife of Jomo Kenyatta, mother of Uhuru Kenyatta
3828:
3683:
3518:
3512:
3413:
3407:
3322:
3174:, Nobel Laureate, first African woman and first environmentalist to receive the
3044:
2821:
2765:
2753:
2724:
2699:
Following severe financial difficulties of the British East Africa Company, the
1918:
1914:
1787:
1783:
1771:
1763:
1438:
1401:
1221:
1171:
1094:
1074:
1069:
1044:
599:
594:
584:
490:
440:
393:
138:
134:
122:
3699:, group CEO and largest individual shareholder at Equity Group Holdings Limited
6020:
5807:
5576:
4362:
4305:
3714:
3380:
3368:
3080:
2851:
1934:
1894:
1890:
1803:
1574:
1509:
1359:
1109:
1000:
549:
460:
373:
5254:
3637:, Writer, Turkish Human rights activist descended from Kikuyu slaves in Crete
5379:
5362:
5147:
5130:
5024:
3429:
2704:
2669:
1564:
1396:
920:
800:
408:
5272:
5205:
5156:
5114:
5042:
4908:
4906:
3371:, lawyer, politician, multiparty activist and former presidential candidate
2811:
1951:
Everything created by God retains a bond from God (Creator) to the created.
289:
6151:
5096:
4353:, 100 and 200 metres sprints gold medalist at 1990 African Championships.
4290:
gold medal in the marathon, 2008 Beijing Olympic Marathon Champion, 2009
3610:
3012:
1710:
780:
470:
191:
179:
165:
2058:) (the season of the black bean harvest) between July and early October;
5197:
5077:
Trombetta, Beniamino; D'Atanasio, Eugenia; et al. (24 June 2015).
4932:
4930:
4151:, freedom fighter and the principal protagonist in landmark burial case
3392:, deaf educator and the third deaf person from Africa to obtain a Ph.D.
3117:
2789:
2778:
2769:
2097:
2014:
1837:
1251:
1246:
1079:
480:
465:
430:
187:
17:
4979:
3665:, economics professor and former Governor of the Central Bank of Kenya
5428:'In Kenya's highlands, a Jewish community struggles for recognition,'
4937:
4913:
4372:
4371:, footballer who is an attacking midfielder/winger for Egyptian club
3773:, educationist, entrepreneur and co-founder of Riara Group of Schools
3628:
3231:
3116:
A small group of Kĩkũyũ, numbering about 60 people in 2015, practice
2745:
2673:
2125:
1256:
1084:
1039:
884:
831:
810:
805:
669:
485:
450:
445:
435:
5812:
4971:
3251:, Kenya's first woman physician. The Mwangi Cultural Center at the
3215:, author, activist, literary critic and professor of literature at
2994:
and English as lingua franca, the two official languages of Kenya.
2357:
in 1898. Hobley asserts that the following sets were grouped under
5007:
de Filippo, C; Barbieri, C; Whitten, M; et al. (March 2011).
4195:
4105:, politician and businessman. Personal doctor and first cousin to
3156:
2968:
2923:
2914:
In terms of maternal lineages, Gĩkũyũs closely cluster with other
2892:
2860:
2850:
2810:
2690:
2101:
2028:
2006:
1922:
1857:
1828:
1741:
1729:
1721:
1231:
495:
455:
403:
261:
118:
78:
5665:
Mau Mau from Within: The Story of the Kenya Land and Freedom Army
4145:, former Attorney General and Minister for Constitutional Affairs
2574:
Gakaara wa Wanjaũ supports this view when he writes in his book,
2385:. Professor Mũriũki however puts these sets much earlier, namely
5707:
Imperial Reckoning: The Untold Story of Britain's Gulag in Kenya
5457:
5395:"Kikuyu Tribe – the Largest Tribe in Kenya: History and Culture"
5363:"Preservation and revitalisation of the endangered GĨKŨYŨ flute"
5336:"Ngugi Wa Thiong'o: A Profile of a Literary and Social Activist"
4081:, first African member of the Kenyan Legislative Council (LegCo)
3562:
3488:
2341:. According to Hobley (a historian) each initiation generation,
1878:
1569:
1054:
114:
5831:
4330:
Marathon Champion, 1988 Olympic Marathon silver medalist, 1990
4157:, former member of parliament and multiparty political activist
3083:
scale and western music styles such as "Mathwiti Maigi Ngai!".
2868:
violence, as happened in 1992, 1997 and 2007 Kenyan elections.
5822:
3232:
African Women's Development and Communication Network (FEMNET)
3124:), they are not a recognized part of any larger Jewish group.
2880:
2124:. All these names are taken from Metumi (Mũrang'a) and Kabete
1762:
branch. Their language is most closely related to that of the
5765:. Translated by Paul Ngigi Njoroge. (Heinemann Kenya Limited)
2887:(2005), around 73% of Gĩkũyũs belong to the common paternal
2021:), just like the supreme God of the Gĩkũyũ people would do.
30:
This article is about the ethnic group. For other uses, see
4237:, chair of the Pan African Christian Women Alliance (PACWA)
4005:, politician, businessman and former presidential candidate
3011:
Until 1888, the Agikuyu literature was purely expressed in
2037:
The Agĩkũyũ had four seasons and two harvests in one year.
1770:. Geographically, they are concentrated in the vicinity of
4812:
4810:
3690:, Eastern Africa's second largest bank by customers after
1963:
On Earth, humans have the highest quantity of vital force.
190:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
4023:, fourth President of Kenya, former Deputy Prime Minister
3191:, Gikuyu-language author, father of author and professor
5734:
Lonsdale, John, and Atieno Odhiambo, E. S. (eds.) 2003.
4737:
4735:
4733:
4731:
4729:
3705:, founder and editor-in-chief of Parents Africa Magazine
1933:
The cardinal points in this Traditional Gĩkũyũ Religion
4705:
4703:
4701:
3727:, the largest listed private equity firm in East Africa
3206:, historian and one of the foremost researchers on the
5758:. Huntington, New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2001.
3755:, East and Central Africa's largest private university
3723:, industrialist and largest individual shareholder at
3153:
List of notable Agikĩkũyũ and people of Gĩkũyũ descent
5736:
Mau Mau and Nationhood: Arms, Authority and Narration
3825:, East Africa's largest media house. Former group CEO
2084:
Further, time was recorded through the initiation by
4017:, fourth First Lady of Kenya, wife of Uhuru Kenyatta
4011:, first President of Kenya, father of Uhuru Kenyatta
3552:, Kenyan-Norwegian musician known by the stage name
3185:
University of Nairobi Vice Chancellor 2020 - to date
6130:
6107:
6049:
5981:
5868:
3383:, lawyer, human rights activist and United Nations
2764:the "East African Association") started in 1921 by
231:
223:
212:
201:
128:
104:
84:
72:
62:
6152:Population and Housing Census - Ethnic Affiliation
5580:
5564:
5541:Kikuyu: Customs and Tradition of the Kikuyu People
4898:
4655:
4621:
4609:
4597:
4585:
4570:
4546:
4522:
4510:
4130:, former finance minister and member of parliament
3993:, freedom-fighter and member of the Kapenguria Six
3884:, Current CS for Water, Sanitation and irrigation.
3161:Nobel Peace Prize Winner Professor Wangari Maathai
5751:. Pretoria, South Africa: New Africa Press, 2008.
5553:Facing Mount Kenya: The Tribal Life of the Gikuyu
3432:, human rights and constitutional reform activist
3287:, first woman to head a public university in the
3200:, literature professor and gender rights activist
2986:as their native tongue, which is a member of the
4827:
4825:
4798:
4796:
4794:
4792:
4491:"Iron Working In The Upper Tana pg 3, July 2013"
3866:deputy President of Kenya as from September 2022
5397:. Kenya-information-guide.com. 19 February 2013
5287:"Molecular Perspectives on the Bantu Expansion"
4780:
4778:
4776:
4774:
4772:
4770:
4768:
4766:
4764:
4689:
4687:
4685:
4683:
4681:
4679:
4677:
4675:
4466:Peak Revision K.C.S.E. History & Government
4420:Joseph Bindloss, Tom Parkinson, Matt Fletcher,
3347:, political scientist and human rights activist
2973:Statue of Mau Mau Freedom Fighter Dedan Kimathi
2855:Governor of Central Bank of Kenya Ngugi Njoroge
4752:
4750:
3981:, politician and former presidential candidate
3975:, former spokesman for the Government of Kenya
3739:, former Governor of the Central Bank of Kenya
3404:, author, politician and human rights activist
3230:, founder and first executive director of the
2723:Kenya served as a base for the British in the
2668:, a leader of the southern Agikuyu, who ruled
5843:
4849:. London: Frank Cass and Company. p. 92.
3426:, photojournalist and sociopolitical activist
3315:'s International Early Career Scientist award
3047:. Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o's literary works include
1929:Philosophy of the Traditional Kikuyu Religion
1669:
1279:The Kenya Schools and Colleges Drama Festival
8:
5729:Unhappy Valley: Conflict in Kenya and Africa
4391:
4389:
3745:, co-founder and group CEO at Karen Hospital
3224:, economist, feminist and political activist
2064:(short rain season) from October to January;
2044:(the season of big rain) from March to July;
2025:Political structures and generational change
1798:moved into Kenya from points further north.
1700:
264:, making them Kenya's largest ethnic group.
42:
3245:, pioneer medical researcher in East Africa
3166:Activism, authorship, academics and science
2600:Collapse of traditional political structure
5850:
5836:
5828:
5808:Kikuyu People - World History Encyclopedia
5543:. Nairobi: East African Literature Bureau.
5444:"PCEA ban on Kikuyu rite sparks big storm"
4894:
4892:
4203:, 19th century traditional healer and seer
3416:, author and playwright. Her one-act play
2033:A Gikuyu man and his wife in 2020 in Kenya
1676:
1662:
266:
54:
41:
5727:Lonsdale, John, and Berman, Bruce. 1992.
5378:
5262:
5244:
5185:American Journal of Physical Anthropology
5176:
5174:
5146:
5104:
5032:
4231:, Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Church
3625:, musician, actress and radio personality
3109:Although Gĩkũyũs historically adhered to
2922:. Most belong to various Africa-centered
1897:(Mũtamaiyũ) was a sacred tree for women.
1889:(Mũkũyũ) and if one was not available, a
5663:Barnett, Donald; Njama, Karari (2021) .
5567:Kikuyu Social and Political Institutions
4831:
4035:, former First Lady, wife of Mwai Kibaki
3821:, chairman of the board of directors at
3546:, musician popularly known as "Nameless"
3029:The Girl who Cut the Hair of the N'jenge
3017:The Maiden Who Was Sacrificed By Her Kin
2953:(2002), other Gĩkũyũs largely carry the
1274:Kenya Institute of Puppet Theatre (KIPT)
4802:
4784:
4741:
4720:
4693:
4385:
4181:, freedom fighter, author and historian
4169:, freedom-fighter and Independence Hero
2727:as part of their effort to capture the
1015:
379:Olorgesailie Aechulean hand axe culture
278:
184:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
4858:
4856:
4816:
4756:
4709:
4581:
4579:
4244:, third Archbishop and Primate of the
3969:, businessman and socialist politician
3269:for Human Resources Management at the
2815:First President of Kenya Jomo Kenyatta
198:
5002:
5000:
4998:
4667:
4328:1987 World Championships in Athletics
4264:, the governor Central Bank of Kenya.
1986:(abomination which leads to a curse).
1709:
7:
5813:Kayû ka muingi Kameme FM Listen Live
5756:Ethnic Politics in Kenya and Nigeria
5338:. Ngugiwathiongo.com. Archived from
4175:, Current Kirinyaga County Governor.
3377:, lawyer and women's rights activist
3364:Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights Award
3178:. First Kenyan woman to earn a Ph.D.
2740:, von Lettow conducted an effective
2205:Mathew Njoroge Kabetũ's list reads,
73:Regions with significant populations
5722:Squatters and the Roots of Mau Mau.
5609:. Nairobi: Oxford University Press.
5587:(2nd ed.). Oxford: Heinemann.
4960:Canadian Journal of African Studies
4401:Kenya National Bureau of Statistics
1937:were squarely based on the general
5607:A History of the Kikuyu, 1500-1900
5571:. London: Oxford University Press.
5531:. London: H. F. & G. Witherby.
5503:How I Became King of the Wa-Kikuyu
5135:European Journal of Human Genetics
4194:, former Roman Catholic Bishop of
3515:, stage, film and television actor
3297:, plant pathologist and virologist
3134:Presbyterian Church of East Africa
2703:on 1 July 1895 established direct
384:Savanna Pastoral Neolithic Culture
25:
5651:. Nairobi: Equatorial Publishers.
4884:
4558:
4534:
3950:Chief of the Kenya Defence Forces
3896:, Current Nakuru County Governor.
3858:Politics, military and resistance
3725:Centum Investment Company Limited
3278:, ecologist and President of the
2499:H.E. Lambert, who dealt with the
2245:. Gakaara wa Wanjaũ's list reads
5779:
5583:African Religions and Philosophy
1643:
288:
164:
5460:. Mukoma Wa Ngugi. 13 July 2013
5013:Molecular Biology and Evolution
4424:, (Lonely Planet: 2003), p. 35.
3481:after satirical column he wrote
3313:Howard Hughes Medical Institute
1338:Kenya Film Classification Board
4899:Routledge & Routledge 1910
4656:Routledge & Routledge 1910
4622:Routledge & Routledge 1910
4610:Routledge & Routledge 1910
4598:Routledge & Routledge 1910
4586:Routledge & Routledge 1910
4571:Routledge & Routledge 1910
4547:Routledge & Routledge 1910
4523:Routledge & Routledge 1910
4511:Routledge & Routledge 1910
4454:, (Evans Brothers: 1985), p.7.
4272:Roman Catholic Diocese of Wote
3779:, businesswoman and politician
3497:, news anchor and entrepreneur
3477:, humorist popularly known as
3362:, lawyer and recipient of the
3128:Religious and cultural discord
2859:Since the proclamation of the
1365:Kenya Broadcasting Corporation
1:
5555:. London: Secker and Warburg.
5480:"Moses Kuria - Google Search"
3948:, retired General and former
3878:, Current Dagoretti South MP.
3688:Equity Group Holdings Limited
2831:By 1952, under Field Marshal
5639:. Paris: Présence africaine.
5416:Islam and sexuality in kenya
5246:10.1371/journal.pone.0122301
5084:Genome Biology and Evolution
4093:, politician and businessman
3999:, politician and businessman
3911:, politician and businessman
3890:, Current Murang'a Governor.
3558:Eurovision Song Contest 2011
3327:Ordre des Palmes académiques
3239:, academic and social critic
2891:. The remainder carry other
2656:1899 famine in central Kenya
1893:(Mũgumo) would be used. The
1823:Before the establishment of
1749:by Gallen-Kallela, 1909–1910
5763:Mau Mau Author in Detention
5749:Kenya: Identity of A Nation
5615:Routledge, William Scoresby
4469:. East African Publishers.
4375:and the Kenya national team
4118:John Michael Njenga Mututho
3927:. Mau Mau resistance leader
3525:-winning guitarist, son of
3280:African Wildlife Foundation
3267:Assistant Secretary-General
2998:are closely related to the
2990:. Additionally, many speak
2957:clade, which is one of the
2837:Kenya Land and Freedom Army
2682:British East Africa Company
2070:(the season of harvesting)
1864:or the nation's spokesman.
1819:The nation and its pursuits
1734:Kikuyu woman as painted by
1100:Rusinga (Cultural) Festival
329:Portuguese and Omani period
6192:
5761:Wanjaũ, Gakaara Wa, 1988.
5688:Cambridge University Press
5619:Routledge, Katherine Pease
4286:, first Kenyan to win the
4041:, third President of Kenya
3686:, founder and chairman of
3440:, anti-corruption activist
2799:(KAR), the war stimulated
2653:
1873:Ngai – The Supreme Creator
1540:Lothagam North Pillar Site
29:
6148:
4479:– via Google Books.
4099:, Former Attorney General
3329:(Order of Academic Palms)
3015:. Famous stories include
2918:speaking groups like the
2863:, after colonial rule in
2709:East African Protectorate
1868:Spirituality and religion
1848:Social and political life
1758:The Kikuyu belong to the
1481:Football Kenya Federation
133:
109:
89:
77:
67:
53:
5704:Elkins, Caroline, 2005.
5627:. London: Edward Arnold.
5361:LaRue, Jennifer (2016).
5315:"Y chromosome variation"
4452:Kenya: a visitor's guide
4256:Right Reverend Engineer
4246:Anglican Church of Kenya
3909:Stanley Munga Githunguri
3556:. Represented Norway in
3491:Award-winning journalist
2092:) and is referred to as
1901:Mount Kenya and religion
1825:East Africa Protectorate
1370:Kenya Television Network
1328:Communications Authority
5713:Huxley, Elspeth. 2006.
5682:Branch, Daniel (2009).
5523:Hobley, Charles William
5380:10.21504/amj.v10i2.2041
5148:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201408
4346:Subaru World Rally Team
4300:Rotterdam Half Marathon
4163:, former Vice-president
3957:, former Vice-president
3837:Lake Turkana Wind Power
3777:Esther Muthoni Passaris
3353:, English professor at
3307:and the first to clone
3025:The Four Young Warriors
2734:Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck
339:Early post Independence
334:British Colonial Period
5862:(by linguistic origin)
5859:Ethnic groups in Kenya
5754:Mwakikagile, Godfrey.
5720:Kanogo, Tabitha.1987.
5537:Kabetũ, Mathew Njoroge
4438:13 August 2011 at the
4138:Supreme Court of Kenya
4120:, politician and anti-
3961:Godfrey Gitahi Kariuki
3904:Chief Justice of Kenya
3753:Mount Kenya University
3642:Business and economics
3619:, musician and actress
3593:Daniel Kamau Mwai "DK"
3571:, musician and actress
3465:, Kenyan-German artist
3263:Carole Wamuyu Wainaina
3162:
2974:
2856:
2816:
2696:
2034:
1750:
1739:
1727:
1701:
1269:Kenya National Theatre
1055:Lamu Cultural Festival
256:native to East Africa
172:This article contains
5182:sub-Saharan Africa".
5025:10.1093/molbev/msq312
4843:Hobley, C.W. (1922).
4262:Patrick Ngugi Njoroge
4134:Njoki Susanna Ndung'u
4075:, female chief leader
3967:Josiah Mwangi Kariuki
3946:Julius Waweru Karangi
3917:, 19th century leader
3796:Internet Hall of Fame
3794:, an inductee to the
3771:Eddah Waceke Gachukia
3767:, real estate magnate
3765:Gerishon Kamau Kirima
3743:Betty Muthoni Gikonyo
3737:Duncan Nderitu Ndegwa
3733:, lawyer and investor
3709:Nelson Muguku Njoroge
3669:Samuel Kamau Macharia
3652:Central Bank of Kenya
3503:, a semi-finalist in
3459:, artist and sculptor
3325:and recipient of the
3259:is named in her honor
3160:
2988:Bantu language family
2972:
2903:contributing 11%, 2%
2854:
2814:
2797:King's African Rifles
2694:
2629:Mathathi 1757 to 1791
2567:is also derived from
2032:
1745:
1736:Akseli Gallen-Kallela
1733:
1725:
1707:Gikuyu pronunciation:
1630:Coat of arms of Kenya
1486:Kenyan Premier League
1419:Business Daily Africa
1414:The African Executive
1333:Kenya Film Commission
1142:African Inland Church
129:Related ethnic groups
27:Ethnic group in Kenya
5745:Mwakikagile, Godfrey
5064:genlinginterface.com
4498:/humanities.ku.ac.ke
4344:, rally driver with
4253:, Evangelical Bishop
4091:John Njoroge Michuki
3985:Lucy Muringo Gichuhi
3979:Martha Wangari Karua
3850:, former group CEO,
3731:Jane Wanjiru Michuki
3355:Princeton University
3319:Dorothy Wanja Nyingi
3122:Conservative Judaism
3050:Caitani Mutharabaini
2620:Manduti 1652 to 1686
2608:Manjiri 1512 to 1546
2576:Mĩhĩrĩga ya Aagĩkũyũ
1941:thought as follows:
1726:Kikuyu man from 1910
1585:Dedan Kimathi Statue
1530:World Heritage Sites
1493:Rugby union in Kenya
5738:. (J. Currey Press)
5649:Mihiriga ya Agikuyu
5431:The Times of Israel
5237:2015PLoSO..1022301H
4422:Lonely Planet Kenya
3872:, Current Kiharu MP
3805:Britam Holdings plc
3703:Eunice Njambi Mathu
3501:Liza Mũcherũ-Wisner
3339:David Muchoki Kanja
3311:. Recipient of the
3305:HIV/AIDS researcher
3289:African Great Lakes
3243:Joseph Maina Mungai
3217:Syracuse University
3132:In April 2018, the
2961:mtDNA Haplogroups.
2801:African nationalism
2715:together with some
2662:Scramble for Africa
1747:Portrait of Kenosua
1625:Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu
1392:CRI Nairobi 91.9 FM
1322:Government agencies
1284:Too Early for Birds
1215:and performing arts
394:Elmenteitan culture
374:Koobi Fora Hominins
324:Swahili city states
50:
5731:. (J Currey Press)
5645:Wanjau, Gakaara wa
5561:Lambert, Harold E.
5509:. Nairobi: W. Boyd
5322:pubman.mpdl.mpg.de
5198:10.1002/ajpa.21070
5097:10.1093/gbe/evv118
4866:. Kenya-africa.com
4864:"History of Kenya"
4637:. 29 November 2008
4268:Paul Kariuki Njiru
3876:John Kiarie Waweru
3823:Nation Media Group
3787:Standard Chartered
3650:, Governor of the
3360:Gibson Kamau Kuria
3213:Micere Githae Mugo
3163:
3066:Wizard of the Crow
2982:Gĩkũyũs speak the
2975:
2927:macro-haplogroup L
2857:
2817:
2750:Indian Army troops
2701:British government
2697:
2638:Maina 1862 to 1897
2635:Iregi 1827 to 1861
2632:Ndemi 1792 to 1826
2626:Ciira 1722 to 1756
2611:Mamba 1547 to 1581
2349:. It is said that
2035:
1856:and a daughter of
1760:Northeastern Bantu
1751:
1740:
1728:
1590:Baden-Powell grave
1580:Tom Mboya Monument
1316:Nation Media Group
1199:Swahili literature
996:Kalenjin mythology
729:Kenyan Australians
415:Modern ethnicities
254:Bantu ethnic group
6158:
6157:
5863:
5697:978-0-521-13090-5
5674:978-1-988832-59-3
4513:, pp. 12, 13
4336:New York Marathon
4324:Douglas Wakiihuri
4312:Catherine Ndereba
4296:New York Marathon
4218:, second African
4179:Gakaara wa Wanjaũ
4051:resistance leader
4015:Margaret Kenyatta
3715:Pius Ngugi Mbugua
3204:Maina wa Kinyatti
3189:Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o
3176:Nobel Peace Prize
3111:indigenous faiths
3041:Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o
3031:, and many more.
2929:lineages such as
2861:Republic of Kenya
2742:guerrilla warfare
2707:rule through the
2672:who had signed a
2623:Cuma 1687 to 1721
2614:Tene 1582 to 1616
2299:Mwangi wa Mandũti
1711:[ɣèkòjóꜜ]
1696:borrowing of the
1686:
1685:
1535:List of Monuments
1476:Football in Kenya
1375:Tinga Tinga Tales
1343:Kenya News Agency
242:
241:
180:rendering support
176:phonetic symbols.
160:
159:
16:(Redirected from
6183:
5861:
5852:
5845:
5838:
5829:
5783:
5782:
5724:(J Currey Press)
5701:
5678:
5667:. Daraja Press.
5652:
5640:
5637:Bantu Philosophy
5633:Tempels, Placide
5628:
5610:
5603:Muriuki, Godfrey
5598:
5586:
5572:
5570:
5556:
5544:
5532:
5518:
5516:
5514:
5508:
5484:
5483:
5476:
5470:
5469:
5467:
5465:
5454:
5448:
5447:
5440:
5434:
5424:
5418:
5413:
5407:
5406:
5404:
5402:
5391:
5385:
5384:
5382:
5358:
5352:
5351:
5349:
5347:
5342:on 29 March 2009
5332:
5326:
5325:
5319:
5311:
5305:
5304:
5302:
5300:
5291:
5283:
5277:
5276:
5266:
5248:
5216:
5210:
5209:
5178:
5169:
5168:
5150:
5125:
5119:
5118:
5108:
5091:(7): 1940–1950.
5074:
5068:
5067:
5061:
5053:
5047:
5046:
5036:
5004:
4993:
4990:
4984:
4983:
4955:
4949:
4948:
4946:
4944:
4934:
4925:
4924:
4922:
4920:
4910:
4901:
4896:
4887:
4882:
4876:
4875:
4873:
4871:
4860:
4851:
4850:
4840:
4834:
4829:
4820:
4814:
4805:
4800:
4787:
4782:
4759:
4754:
4745:
4739:
4724:
4718:
4712:
4707:
4696:
4691:
4670:
4665:
4659:
4653:
4647:
4646:
4644:
4642:
4631:
4625:
4619:
4613:
4607:
4601:
4595:
4589:
4583:
4574:
4568:
4562:
4556:
4550:
4544:
4538:
4532:
4526:
4520:
4514:
4508:
4502:
4501:
4495:
4487:
4481:
4480:
4461:
4455:
4448:
4442:
4431:
4425:
4418:
4412:
4411:
4409:
4407:
4393:
4270:- Bishop of the
4251:Margaret Wanjiru
4222:Archbishop. See
4211:Diocese of Nyeri
4209:, Bishop of the
4207:Nicodemus Kirima
3955:Josephat Karanja
3915:Waiyaki wa Hinga
3864:Rigathi Gachagua
3835:and chairman of
3833:Sanlam Kenya Plc
3607:, hip hop artist
3402:Koigi wa Wamwere
3295:Florence Wambugu
3062:Murogi wa Kagogo
2889:haplogroup E1b1a
2841:Mau Mau Uprising
2713:Maasai tribesmen
2678:Frederick Lugard
2666:Waiyaki Wa Hinga
2617:Agu 1617 to 1652
2189:1827 – 1861 ± 10
2183:1792 – 1826 ± 15
2177:1757 – 1791 ± 20
2171:1722 – 1756 ± 25
2165:1687 – 1721 ± 30
2159:1652 – 1686 ± 35
2153:1617 – 1651 ± 40
2147:1582 – 1616 ± 45
2141:1547 – 1581 ± 50
2135:1512 – 1546 ± 55
2068:Magetha ma Mwere
2056:Lablab purpureus
2048:Magetha ma njahĩ
1917:(Kīrīnyaga) and
1713:
1708:
1704:
1678:
1671:
1664:
1650:Kenya portal
1648:
1647:
1646:
1505:Cricket in Kenya
1355:A24 news channel
991:Maasai mythology
724:Kenyan Americans
389:Eburran industry
369:Historic peoples
319:African iron age
292:
283:
281:Culture of Kenya
267:
199:
186: instead of
168:
115:Agikuyu Religion
63:Total population
58:
51:
21:
6191:
6190:
6186:
6185:
6184:
6182:
6181:
6180:
6161:
6160:
6159:
6154:
6144:
6126:
6103:
6045:
5977:
5864:
5856:
5804:
5803:
5802:
5784:
5780:
5775:
5698:
5681:
5675:
5662:
5659:
5657:Further reading
5643:
5631:
5613:
5601:
5595:
5575:
5559:
5547:
5535:
5521:
5512:
5510:
5506:
5496:
5493:
5488:
5487:
5478:
5477:
5473:
5463:
5461:
5456:
5455:
5451:
5446:. 28 June 2020.
5442:
5441:
5437:
5425:
5421:
5414:
5410:
5400:
5398:
5393:
5392:
5388:
5360:
5359:
5355:
5345:
5343:
5334:
5333:
5329:
5317:
5313:
5312:
5308:
5298:
5296:
5294:africamuseum.be
5289:
5285:
5284:
5280:
5231:(3): e0122301.
5218:
5217:
5213:
5180:
5179:
5172:
5127:
5126:
5122:
5076:
5075:
5071:
5059:
5055:
5054:
5050:
5006:
5005:
4996:
4991:
4987:
4957:
4956:
4952:
4942:
4940:
4936:
4935:
4928:
4918:
4916:
4912:
4911:
4904:
4897:
4890:
4883:
4879:
4869:
4867:
4862:
4861:
4854:
4842:
4841:
4837:
4830:
4823:
4815:
4808:
4801:
4790:
4783:
4762:
4755:
4748:
4740:
4727:
4719:
4715:
4708:
4699:
4692:
4673:
4666:
4662:
4654:
4650:
4640:
4638:
4635:"Agikuyu Clans"
4633:
4632:
4628:
4620:
4616:
4608:
4604:
4596:
4592:
4584:
4577:
4569:
4565:
4557:
4553:
4545:
4541:
4533:
4529:
4521:
4517:
4509:
4505:
4493:
4489:
4488:
4484:
4477:
4463:
4462:
4458:
4450:Arnold Curtis,
4449:
4445:
4440:Wayback Machine
4432:
4428:
4419:
4415:
4405:
4403:
4395:
4394:
4387:
4382:
4357:Boniface Tumuti
4298:Champion, 2009
4280:
4258:Anthony Muheria
4188:
4136:, Judge of the
4112:Chris Murungaru
4073:Wangu wa Makeri
3900:Johnson Gicheru
3888:Irungu Kang'ata
3860:
3831:, group CEO of
3812:, group CEO at
3803:, group CEO at
3759:Tabitha Karanja
3663:Njuguna Ndung'u
3648:Patrick Njoroge
3644:
3623:Patricia Kihoro
3617:Victoria Kimani
3471:, film director
3453:
3424:Boniface Mwangi
3390:Michael Ndurumo
3345:Muthoni Wanyeki
3193:Mũkoma wa Ngũgĩ
3172:Wangari Maathai
3168:
3155:
3142:Mburi cia Kiama
3138:Mburi cia Kiama
3130:
3107:
3098:
3089:
3076:
3021:The Lost Sister
3009:
2984:Gĩkũyũ language
2980:
2967:
2916:Northeast Bantu
2876:According to a
2874:
2849:
2809:
2729:German colonies
2725:First World War
2717:colonial troops
2658:
2652:
2602:
2353:handed over to
2195:1862 – 1897 ± 5
2078:Mbura ya Kĩmera
2027:
1931:
1903:
1875:
1870:
1854:female ancestor
1850:
1821:
1816:
1779:Bantu expansion
1756:
1720:
1706:
1682:
1644:
1642:
1635:
1634:
1620:National anthem
1605:
1604:
1595:
1594:
1560:Jumba la Mtwana
1550:Thimlich Ohinga
1525:
1524:
1515:
1514:
1471:Athletics Kenya
1466:
1465:
1454:
1453:
1429:The EastAfrican
1387:98.4 Capital FM
1301:
1300:
1289:
1288:
1263:Performing arts
1217:
1216:
1204:
1203:
1194:
1193:
1182:
1181:
1172:Traditional art
1167:
1166:
1157:
1156:
1127:
1126:
1115:
1114:
1030:
1029:
1011:
1010:
974:Bantu mythology
969:
968:
959:
958:
751:
750:
739:
738:
399:Sirikwa culture
366:
365:
354:
353:
304:
303:
279:
197:
196:
195:
178:Without proper
169:
49:Nyũmba ya Mũmbi
48:
46:
44:
40:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6189:
6187:
6179:
6178:
6173:
6163:
6162:
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6155:
6149:
6146:
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6143:
6142:
6136:
6134:
6128:
6127:
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6124:
6119:
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6101:
6096:
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5993:
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5885:
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5874:
5872:
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5857:
5855:
5854:
5847:
5840:
5832:
5826:
5825:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5785:
5778:
5777:
5776:
5774:
5773:External links
5771:
5770:
5769:
5766:
5759:
5752:
5742:
5739:
5732:
5725:
5718:
5711:
5710:. (Henry Holt)
5702:
5696:
5679:
5673:
5658:
5655:
5654:
5653:
5641:
5629:
5611:
5599:
5593:
5573:
5557:
5549:Kenyatta, Jomo
5545:
5533:
5519:
5492:
5489:
5486:
5485:
5471:
5449:
5435:
5433:10 March 2015.
5419:
5408:
5386:
5373:(2): 126–139.
5353:
5327:
5306:
5278:
5211:
5192:(2): 302–311.
5170:
5141:(7): 867–876.
5120:
5069:
5048:
5019:(3): 1255–69.
4994:
4985:
4972:10.2307/485216
4966:(2): 181–206.
4950:
4926:
4902:
4888:
4877:
4852:
4835:
4821:
4806:
4788:
4760:
4746:
4725:
4713:
4697:
4671:
4660:
4648:
4626:
4614:
4602:
4590:
4575:
4563:
4551:
4539:
4537:, pp. 3–5
4527:
4515:
4503:
4482:
4475:
4456:
4443:
4426:
4413:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4377:
4376:
4366:
4360:
4354:
4351:Joseph Gikonyo
4348:
4339:
4321:
4318:Henry Wanyoike
4315:
4309:
4303:
4284:Samuel Wanjiru
4279:
4276:
4275:
4274:
4265:
4254:
4248:
4238:
4232:
4226:
4216:Manasses Kuria
4213:
4204:
4201:Mugo wa Kibiru
4198:
4187:
4184:
4183:
4182:
4176:
4170:
4164:
4161:George Saitoti
4158:
4152:
4146:
4143:Charles Njonjo
4140:
4131:
4128:David Mwiraria
4125:
4115:
4109:
4103:Njoroge Mungai
4100:
4094:
4088:
4085:Kenneth Matiba
4082:
4076:
4070:
4064:
4063:, CS of Trade.
4058:
4055:Mbiyu Koinange
4052:
4042:
4036:
4030:
4027:Ngina Kenyatta
4024:
4021:Uhuru Kenyatta
4018:
4012:
4006:
4000:
3994:
3991:Kung'u Karumba
3988:
3982:
3976:
3973:Muthui Kariuki
3970:
3964:
3958:
3952:
3943:
3937:
3935:Kapenguria Six
3928:
3923:also known as
3918:
3912:
3906:
3897:
3891:
3885:
3879:
3873:
3867:
3859:
3856:
3855:
3854:
3848:Dominic Kiarie
3845:
3842:Joseph Mucheru
3839:
3826:
3819:Wilfred Kiboro
3816:
3814:NIC Bank Group
3807:
3801:Benson Wairegi
3798:
3792:Dorcas Muthoni
3789:
3783:Wanjiku Mugane
3780:
3774:
3768:
3762:
3756:
3746:
3740:
3734:
3728:
3718:
3712:
3711:, entrepreneur
3706:
3700:
3694:
3681:
3675:
3673:Eastern Africa
3666:
3660:
3654:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3638:
3632:
3626:
3620:
3614:
3608:
3602:
3596:
3590:
3584:
3578:
3572:
3566:
3560:
3547:
3544:David Mathenge
3541:
3535:
3529:
3527:Ngethe Njoroge
3516:
3510:
3506:The Apprentice
3498:
3492:
3482:
3472:
3466:
3460:
3452:
3451:Arts and media
3449:
3448:
3447:
3446:, author, poet
3441:
3435:
3433:
3427:
3421:
3411:
3405:
3399:
3396:Ngugi wa Mirii
3393:
3387:
3378:
3372:
3366:
3357:
3348:
3342:
3336:
3330:
3316:
3301:Thumbi Ndung'u
3298:
3292:
3282:
3273:
3271:United Nations
3260:
3249:Ng'endo Mwangi
3246:
3240:
3237:Wangui wa Goro
3234:
3228:Njoki Wainaina
3225:
3222:Wanjiru Kihoro
3219:
3210:
3201:
3198:Wanjiku Kabira
3195:
3186:
3179:
3167:
3164:
3154:
3151:
3129:
3126:
3106:
3103:
3097:
3094:
3088:
3085:
3075:
3072:
3008:
3005:
2979:
2976:
2966:
2963:
2883:study by Wood
2873:
2870:
2848:
2845:
2808:
2805:
2786:market economy
2651:
2648:
2643:
2642:
2639:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2627:
2624:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2612:
2609:
2601:
2598:
2413:belong to the
2393:belong to the
2203:
2202:
2196:
2190:
2184:
2178:
2172:
2166:
2160:
2154:
2148:
2142:
2136:
2114:Kibiri/Ndũrĩrĩ
2082:
2081:
2075:
2065:
2062:Mbura ya Mwere
2059:
2045:
2042:Mbura ya njahĩ
2026:
2023:
1998:
1997:
1994:
1990:
1987:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1930:
1927:
1902:
1899:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1849:
1846:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1755:
1752:
1719:
1716:
1684:
1683:
1681:
1680:
1673:
1666:
1658:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1652:
1637:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1606:
1602:
1601:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1526:
1522:
1521:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1501:
1500:
1490:
1489:
1488:
1483:
1473:
1467:
1461:
1460:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1405:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1378:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1346:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1319:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1260:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1237:Kenyan hip hop
1234:
1229:
1224:
1218:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1174:
1168:
1164:
1163:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1128:
1122:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1035:New Year's Day
1031:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1013:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
987:
986:
981:
970:
966:
965:
964:
961:
960:
957:
956:
955:
954:
953:
952:
947:
937:
936:
935:
925:
924:
923:
918:
913:
908:
892:
891:
890:
889:
888:
887:
877:
876:
875:
870:
854:
853:
852:
851:
850:
849:
844:
839:
834:
818:
817:
816:
815:
814:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
752:
746:
745:
744:
741:
740:
737:
736:
734:Kenyan Britons
731:
726:
715:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
678:
677:
672:
667:
662:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
546:
545:
540:
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
510:
500:
499:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
423:
412:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
376:
367:
361:
360:
359:
356:
355:
352:
351:
349:Recent history
346:
341:
336:
331:
326:
321:
316:
311:
305:
299:
298:
297:
294:
293:
285:
284:
276:
275:
250:Agĩkũyũ/Gĩkũyũ
240:
239:
233:
229:
228:
225:
221:
220:
214:
210:
209:
203:
182:, you may see
170:
163:
162:
161:
158:
157:
131:
130:
126:
125:
107:
106:
102:
101:
87:
86:
82:
81:
75:
74:
70:
69:
65:
64:
60:
59:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6188:
6177:
6174:
6172:
6171:Kikuyu people
6169:
6168:
6166:
6153:
6147:
6141:
6138:
6137:
6135:
6133:
6129:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6114:
6112:
6110:
6106:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6082:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6056:
6054:
6052:
6048:
6042:
6039:
6037:
6034:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5988:
5986:
5984:
5980:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5961:
5959:
5956:
5954:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5876:
5875:
5873:
5871:
5867:
5860:
5853:
5848:
5846:
5841:
5839:
5834:
5833:
5830:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5805:
5800:
5799:
5798:
5797:Kikuyu people
5792:
5788:
5772:
5767:
5764:
5760:
5757:
5753:
5750:
5746:
5743:
5740:
5737:
5733:
5730:
5726:
5723:
5719:
5716:
5715:Red Strangers
5712:
5709:
5708:
5703:
5699:
5693:
5689:
5685:
5680:
5676:
5670:
5666:
5661:
5660:
5656:
5650:
5646:
5642:
5638:
5634:
5630:
5626:
5625:
5620:
5616:
5612:
5608:
5604:
5600:
5596:
5594:9780435895914
5590:
5585:
5584:
5578:
5574:
5569:
5568:
5562:
5558:
5554:
5550:
5546:
5542:
5538:
5534:
5530:
5529:
5524:
5520:
5505:
5504:
5499:
5495:
5494:
5490:
5481:
5475:
5472:
5459:
5453:
5450:
5445:
5439:
5436:
5432:
5429:
5423:
5420:
5417:
5412:
5409:
5396:
5390:
5387:
5381:
5376:
5372:
5368:
5367:African Music
5364:
5357:
5354:
5341:
5337:
5331:
5328:
5323:
5316:
5310:
5307:
5295:
5288:
5282:
5279:
5274:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5256:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5238:
5234:
5230:
5226:
5222:
5215:
5212:
5207:
5203:
5199:
5195:
5191:
5187:
5186:
5177:
5175:
5171:
5166:
5162:
5158:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5140:
5136:
5132:
5124:
5121:
5116:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5098:
5094:
5090:
5086:
5085:
5080:
5073:
5070:
5065:
5058:
5052:
5049:
5044:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5026:
5022:
5018:
5014:
5010:
5003:
5001:
4999:
4995:
4989:
4986:
4981:
4977:
4973:
4969:
4965:
4961:
4954:
4951:
4939:
4933:
4931:
4927:
4915:
4909:
4907:
4903:
4900:
4895:
4893:
4889:
4886:
4881:
4878:
4865:
4859:
4857:
4853:
4848:
4847:
4839:
4836:
4833:
4832:Kenyatta 1938
4828:
4826:
4822:
4818:
4813:
4811:
4807:
4804:
4799:
4797:
4795:
4793:
4789:
4786:
4781:
4779:
4777:
4775:
4773:
4771:
4769:
4767:
4765:
4761:
4758:
4753:
4751:
4747:
4744:, p. 110
4743:
4738:
4736:
4734:
4732:
4730:
4726:
4722:
4717:
4714:
4711:
4706:
4704:
4702:
4698:
4695:
4690:
4688:
4686:
4684:
4682:
4680:
4678:
4676:
4672:
4669:
4664:
4661:
4657:
4652:
4649:
4636:
4630:
4627:
4623:
4618:
4615:
4611:
4606:
4603:
4599:
4594:
4591:
4587:
4582:
4580:
4576:
4572:
4567:
4564:
4560:
4555:
4552:
4548:
4543:
4540:
4536:
4531:
4528:
4524:
4519:
4516:
4512:
4507:
4504:
4499:
4492:
4486:
4483:
4478:
4476:9789966254603
4472:
4468:
4467:
4460:
4457:
4453:
4447:
4444:
4441:
4437:
4434:
4430:
4427:
4423:
4417:
4414:
4402:
4398:
4392:
4390:
4386:
4379:
4374:
4370:
4369:Cliff Nyakeya
4367:
4364:
4361:
4358:
4355:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4343:
4342:Patrick Njiru
4340:
4337:
4333:
4329:
4325:
4322:
4319:
4316:
4313:
4310:
4307:
4304:
4301:
4297:
4293:
4289:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4277:
4273:
4269:
4266:
4263:
4259:
4255:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4243:
4239:
4236:
4233:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4221:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4208:
4205:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4193:
4192:Caesar Gatimu
4190:
4189:
4185:
4180:
4177:
4174:
4171:
4168:
4165:
4162:
4159:
4156:
4155:Charles Rubia
4153:
4150:
4149:Wambui Otieno
4147:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4135:
4132:
4129:
4126:
4123:
4122:alcohol abuse
4119:
4116:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4107:Jomo Kenyatta
4104:
4101:
4098:
4095:
4092:
4089:
4086:
4083:
4080:
4077:
4074:
4071:
4068:
4067:Arthur Magugu
4065:
4062:
4059:
4056:
4053:
4050:
4046:
4045:Dedan Kimathi
4043:
4040:
4037:
4034:
4031:
4028:
4025:
4022:
4019:
4016:
4013:
4010:
4009:Jomo Kenyatta
4007:
4004:
4003:Peter Kenneth
4001:
3998:
3997:Njenga Karume
3995:
3992:
3989:
3986:
3983:
3980:
3977:
3974:
3971:
3968:
3965:
3962:
3959:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3947:
3944:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3932:
3931:Bildad Kaggia
3929:
3926:
3925:General China
3922:
3921:Waruhiu Itote
3919:
3916:
3913:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3892:
3889:
3886:
3883:
3880:
3877:
3874:
3871:
3868:
3865:
3862:
3861:
3857:
3853:
3849:
3846:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3834:
3830:
3827:
3824:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3784:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3772:
3769:
3766:
3763:
3760:
3757:
3754:
3751:, founder of
3750:
3749:Simon Gicharu
3747:
3744:
3741:
3738:
3735:
3732:
3729:
3726:
3722:
3719:
3716:
3713:
3710:
3707:
3704:
3701:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3682:
3679:
3678:Philip Ndegwa
3676:
3674:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3661:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3641:
3636:
3635:Mustafa Olpak
3633:
3630:
3627:
3624:
3621:
3618:
3615:
3612:
3609:
3606:
3603:
3600:
3597:
3594:
3591:
3588:
3587:Joseph Kamaru
3585:
3582:
3579:
3576:
3573:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3555:
3551:
3550:Stella Mwangi
3548:
3545:
3542:
3540:, news anchor
3539:
3536:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3524:
3520:
3517:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3507:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3495:Julie Gichuru
3493:
3490:
3486:
3485:Jeff Koinange
3483:
3480:
3476:
3475:Wahome Mutahi
3473:
3470:
3467:
3464:
3463:Ingrid Mwangi
3461:
3458:
3457:Wangechi Mutu
3455:
3454:
3450:
3445:
3444:Gitura Mwaura
3442:
3439:
3438:John Githongo
3436:
3434:
3431:
3428:
3425:
3422:
3419:
3415:
3412:
3409:
3406:
3403:
3400:
3397:
3394:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3375:Judy Thongori
3373:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3352:
3351:Simon Gikandi
3349:
3346:
3343:
3340:
3337:
3334:
3333:Kimani Maruge
3331:
3328:
3324:
3323:ichthyologist
3320:
3317:
3314:
3310:
3309:HIV subtype C
3306:
3302:
3299:
3296:
3293:
3290:
3286:
3285:Olive Mugenda
3283:
3281:
3277:
3276:Helen Gichohi
3274:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3261:
3258:
3257:Massachusetts
3254:
3253:Smith College
3250:
3247:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3229:
3226:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3205:
3202:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3183:Stephen Kiama
3180:
3177:
3173:
3170:
3169:
3165:
3159:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3127:
3125:
3123:
3119:
3114:
3112:
3104:
3102:
3095:
3093:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3073:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3063:
3058:
3057:
3052:
3051:
3046:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3006:
3004:
3001:
3000:Maasai people
2995:
2993:
2989:
2985:
2977:
2971:
2964:
2962:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2912:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2879:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2862:
2853:
2846:
2844:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2833:Dedan Kimathi
2829:
2827:
2826:Jomo Kenyatta
2823:
2813:
2806:
2804:
2802:
2798:
2793:
2791:
2787:
2782:
2780:
2775:
2774:Jomo Kenyatta
2771:
2767:
2761:
2759:
2758:Carrier Corps
2755:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2730:
2726:
2721:
2718:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2693:
2689:
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2647:
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2619:
2616:
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2610:
2607:
2606:
2605:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2577:
2572:
2570:
2566:
2561:
2557:
2556:(1902–1905).
2555:
2552:(1889–1892),
2551:
2548:(1876–1879),
2547:
2544:(1863–1866),
2543:
2540:(1850–1853),
2539:
2536:(1837–1840),
2535:
2532:(1824–1827),
2531:
2528:(1811–1814),
2527:
2524:(1798–1801),
2523:
2520:(1785–1788),
2519:
2516:(1772–1775),
2515:
2512:(1759–1762),
2511:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2496:(1885–1893).
2495:
2491:
2488:(1872–1880),
2487:
2483:
2480:(1859–1867),
2479:
2476:(1820–1828),
2475:
2472:(1807–1815),
2471:
2468:(1794–1802),
2467:
2464:(1781–1789),
2463:
2460:(1769–1777),
2459:
2456:(1756–1764),
2455:
2452:(1743–1751),
2451:
2448:(1730–1738),
2447:
2444:(1717–1725),
2443:
2440:(1704–1712),
2439:
2436:(1678–1678),
2435:
2432:(1665–1673),
2431:
2427:
2422:
2418:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2396:
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2252:
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2240:
2236:
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2216:
2212:
2208:
2200:
2197:
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2182:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
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2158:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2143:
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2137:
2134:
2131:
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2129:
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2123:
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2111:
2107:
2103:
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2063:
2060:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2038:
2031:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
1995:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1939:Bantu peoples
1936:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1911:
1907:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1887:sycamore tree
1884:
1880:
1872:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1839:
1834:
1833:slave trading
1830:
1826:
1818:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1805:
1799:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1780:
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1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1555:Ruins of Gedi
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1519:
1518:
1511:
1510:Golf in Kenya
1508:
1506:
1503:
1499:
1498:Safari Sevens
1496:
1495:
1494:
1491:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1434:Kenya Gazette
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1403:
1400:
1398:
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1339:
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1334:
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1326:
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1323:
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1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
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1303:
1299:
1293:
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1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
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1272:
1270:
1267:
1266:
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1264:
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1255:
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1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
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1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1200:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1178:
1177:Wangechi Mutu
1175:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1161:
1160:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1105:Christmas Day
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1050:Easter Monday
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1007:
1006:Luanda Magere
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
985:
982:
980:
977:
976:
975:
972:
971:
963:
962:
951:
948:
946:
943:
942:
941:
938:
934:
931:
930:
929:
926:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
906:West Germanic
904:
903:
902:
899:
898:
897:
896:Indo-European
894:
893:
886:
883:
882:
881:
878:
874:
871:
869:
866:
865:
864:
861:
860:
859:
856:
855:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
829:
828:
825:
824:
823:
820:
819:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
763:
762:
759:
758:
757:
754:
753:
749:
743:
742:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
721:
720:
719:
713:
710:
708:
707:White Kenyans
705:
703:
702:Kenyan Asians
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
657:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
505:
504:
501:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
428:
427:
424:
422:
419:
418:
417:
416:
410:
407:
405:
404:Urewe culture
402:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
375:
372:
371:
370:
364:
358:
357:
350:
347:
345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
315:
312:
310:
307:
306:
302:
296:
295:
291:
287:
286:
282:
277:
273:
269:
268:
265:
263:
259:
258:Central Kenya
255:
251:
247:
237:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
215:
211:
207:
204:
200:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
175:
167:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
127:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
103:
100:
96:
92:
88:
83:
80:
76:
71:
66:
61:
57:
52:
37:
33:
19:
6064:Borana Oromo
5983:Nilo-Saharan
5917:
5795:
5794:
5793:profile for
5790:
5762:
5755:
5748:
5735:
5728:
5721:
5714:
5705:
5686:. New York:
5683:
5664:
5648:
5636:
5623:
5606:
5582:
5566:
5552:
5540:
5527:
5511:. Retrieved
5502:
5474:
5462:. Retrieved
5452:
5438:
5422:
5411:
5399:. Retrieved
5389:
5370:
5366:
5356:
5344:. Retrieved
5340:the original
5330:
5321:
5309:
5297:. Retrieved
5293:
5281:
5228:
5224:
5214:
5189:
5183:
5138:
5134:
5123:
5088:
5082:
5072:
5063:
5051:
5016:
5012:
4988:
4963:
4959:
4953:
4941:. Retrieved
4917:. Retrieved
4880:
4868:. Retrieved
4845:
4838:
4819:, p. 25
4803:Lambert 1956
4785:Muriuki 1974
4742:Muriuki 1974
4723:, p. 25
4721:Muriuki 1974
4716:
4694:Tempels 1959
4663:
4658:, p. 66
4651:
4639:. Retrieved
4629:
4624:, p. 95
4617:
4612:, p. 92
4605:
4600:, p. 77
4593:
4588:, p. 71
4573:, p. 23
4566:
4554:
4549:, p. 46
4542:
4530:
4525:, p. 58
4518:
4506:
4497:
4485:
4465:
4459:
4451:
4446:
4429:
4421:
4416:
4404:. Retrieved
4400:
4242:David Gitari
4173:Anne Waiguru
4114:, politician
4097:Githu Muigai
4069:, politician
3963:, politician
3942:, politician
3940:Mutahi Kagwe
3924:
3894:Susan Kihika
3882:Alice Wahome
3870:Ndindi Nyoro
3852:UAP Holdings
3810:John Gachora
3721:Chris Kirubi
3697:James Mwangi
3657:Peter Ndegwa
3605:Abbas Kubaff
3553:
3538:Janet Mbugua
3532:Eric Wainana
3523:Grammy Award
3505:
3478:
3469:Wanuri Kahiu
3417:
3398:, playwright
3145:
3141:
3137:
3131:
3115:
3108:
3099:
3090:
3077:
3065:
3061:
3055:
3049:
3033:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3010:
2996:
2981:
2950:
2946:
2913:
2884:
2878:Y-Chromosome
2875:
2858:
2847:1963–present
2830:
2818:
2794:
2783:
2762:
2722:
2698:
2688:in revenge.
2686:buried alive
2659:
2644:
2603:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2581:
2580:
2575:
2573:
2568:
2564:
2562:
2558:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2500:
2498:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2423:
2419:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2204:
2198:
2192:
2186:
2180:
2174:
2168:
2162:
2156:
2150:
2144:
2138:
2132:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2093:
2089:
2086:circumcision
2083:
2077:
2071:
2067:
2061:
2051:
2047:
2041:
2036:
2018:
2010:
2002:
1999:
1983:
1932:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1882:
1876:
1861:
1853:
1851:
1841:
1831:involved in
1822:
1804:Gatung'ang'a
1800:
1776:
1757:
1746:
1689:
1687:
1615:Coat of arms
1444:The Standard
1424:Daily Nation
1407:
1406:
1380:
1379:
1348:
1347:
1321:
1320:
1262:
1261:
1090:Mashujaa Day
1065:Madaraka Day
928:Indo-Iranian
822:Nilo-Saharan
717:
716:
712:Kenyan Arabs
420:
414:
413:
368:
249:
245:
243:
235:
216:
205:
171:
111:Christianity
39:Ethnic group
36:
6051:Afroasiatic
5870:Niger–Congo
5717:. (Penguin)
5577:Mbiti, John
5498:Boyes, John
5464:13 November
5346:13 November
4943:18 November
4919:18 November
4817:Wanjau 1967
4757:Kabetũ 1966
4710:Hobley 1922
4641:18 November
4561:, p. 5
4235:Judy Mbugua
4229:John Njenga
4167:Harry Thuku
4079:Eliud Mathu
4061:Moses Kuria
4039:Mwai Kibaki
4033:Lucy Kibaki
3829:Mugo Kibati
3684:Peter Munga
3519:Tom Morello
3513:Edi Gathegi
3414:Rebeka Njau
3408:Meja Mwangi
3059:(1986) and
3045:Meja Mwangi
2945:per Castrì
2822:Eliud Mathu
2766:Harry Thuku
2641:Mwangi 1898
2486:Mbĩra Itimũ
2122:Ndutu/Nuthi
1919:Kilimambogo
1915:Mount Kenya
1910:Mwene-Nyaga
1814:Before 1888
1772:Mount Kenya
1545:Namoratunga
1439:Kenya Times
1402:Radio Maria
1137:Anglicanism
1132:Catholicism
1095:Jamhuri Day
1075:Eid al-Adha
1070:Eid al-Fitr
1045:Good Friday
858:Afroasiatic
756:Niger–Congo
309:Pleistocene
123:Irreligious
6165:Categories
5818:Gĩkũyũ.com
5057:"Research"
4668:Mbiti 1990
4380:References
4363:QueenArrow
4306:John Ngugi
4124:campaigner
3601:, musician
3599:Queen Jane
3595:, musician
3589:, musician
3583:, musician
3577:, musician
3565:, musician
3534:, musician
3381:Maina Kiai
3369:Paul Muite
3181:Professor
3081:pentatonic
3007:Literature
2654:See also:
1935:Philosophy
1895:olive tree
1575:Fort Jesus
1408:Newspapers
1360:Citizen TV
1349:Television
1306:Television
1191:Literature
1110:Boxing Day
1080:Huduma Day
1060:Labour day
1001:Kit-Mikayi
933:Hindustani
6069:Daasanach
5948:Mijikenda
5255:1932-6203
4224:biography
3902:, former
3508:Season 10
3430:Ann Njogu
2907:, and 2%
2807:1945–1963
2670:Dagoretti
2650:1888–1945
2583:muirĩĩtu.
2542:Kiambũthi
2530:Kang'ethe
2474:Kang'ethe
2458:Kĩnyanjui
2407:Kĩnyanjui
2375:Kĩnyanjui
1688:The term
1570:Siyu Fort
1565:Lamu Fort
1523:Monuments
1397:Pamoja FM
1027:Festivals
967:Mythology
921:Afrikaans
801:Kigiryama
791:Oluluhyia
748:Languages
655:Mijikenda
409:Shungwaya
314:Neolithic
236:Bũrũrĩ Wa
95:Kiswahili
85:Languages
68:8,148,668
6150:Source:
6140:European
6132:European
6089:Rendille
6006:Kalenjin
5647:(1967).
5635:(1959).
5621:(1910).
5605:(1974).
5579:(1990).
5563:(1956).
5551:(1938).
5539:(1966).
5525:(1922).
5513:22 March
5401:22 March
5273:25816235
5225:PLOS ONE
5206:19425093
5165:20279122
5157:15856073
5115:26108492
5043:21109585
4870:22 March
4436:Archived
4406:24 March
4338:Champion
4302:champion
4220:Anglican
4186:Religion
3613:, rapper
3611:Wangechi
3479:Whispers
3418:The Scar
3410:, author
3105:Religion
3056:Matigari
3053:(1981),
3013:folklore
2978:Language
2872:Genetics
2554:Wakanene
2514:Kĩnũthia
2490:Mũtũng'ũ
2470:Wainaina
2462:Ng'ang'a
2450:Kĩnũthia
2415:Mathathi
2411:Ng'ang'a
2391:Kĩnũthia
2383:Ng'ang'a
2363:Kĩnũthia
2339:Mũirũngũ
2319:Mathathi
2279:Mathathi
2251:Nema Thĩ
2223:Mathathi
2175:Mathathi
2098:Murang'a
1891:fig tree
1449:The Star
1124:Religion
901:Germanic
868:Rendille
863:Cushitic
837:Kalenjin
796:Kipokomo
781:Ekegusii
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950:Italian
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682:Swahili
665:Giriama
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