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649:(PID), the Dutch East Indies's principal state security and intelligence service. Allan Akbar, a historian, conceded that Salim had been asked for a favour by Datuak Tumangguang, a prominent Minangkabau advisor to the colonial government, to covertly enter Sarekat Islam, especially to investigate the relationship between Tjokroaminoto and the Germans. For six weeks, Salim investigated the Sarekat from within, but in a strange twist of history, decided to join the organization of his own will.
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Salim married
Zaenatun Nahar, a cousin, in 1912. The marriage produced eight children: Theodora Atia (Dolly); Jusuf Taufik (Totok); Violet Hanifah (Yoyet); Maria Zenobia; Achmad Sjewket; Islam Basjari; Abdul Hadi; Siti Asia; Zuchra Adiba; and Abdurrachman Ciddiq. Hadi and Adiba died as babies, while
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729:. One of the issues that must be tackled by the committee was to find a compromise between the secular nationalist bloc, which demanded a secular state; with the Islamist bloc, which argued that being a Muslim-majority nation, an independent Indonesia should be based on Islamic principles.
661:, Salim retired from active politics and was involved in several trades. Unlike most of the future Republican leaders, Salim was never arrested nor exiled, probably owing to his vast connections with the colonial bureaucracy or his rumored services for the colonial intelligence services.
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sounds; alluring to Salim's white beard and in a way, his devout
Islamic faith. Salim calmly responded by asking the chair "whether Sarekat has invited a herd of goats to its meeting"; and if yes, "as a polyglot I would honour their right to listen to a speech by speaking in
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and graduated with the highest score in the whole Dutch East Indies. Salim's father had applied (and was granted) for his two sons, Agus and Jacob, to be granted equal status with the
Europeans. However, his efforts to secure a government scholarship to study
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1134:, and Bergmeyer challenged him to state the original Malay for the word. Salim quickly retorted: "if you can say what 'economy' is in the original Dutch, I'll state the Malay version for you." Both Malay and Dutch absorbed 'economy' from the
609:(talking comedy). Being an outspoken advocate of social change within the Indonesian Islamic community, Salim was widely known for his unorthodoxy on social issues. At the 1927 convention of the national Islamic organization
432:, a prominent colonial administrator best known for his study of native affairs, took Salim under his wing and arranged for him to leave the Indies in 1905 to work as an interpreter and secretary at the Dutch consulate in
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became a harsh critic of the colonial government, regularly printing reports of mistreatment of
Muslims in remote regions of the Indies. Nonetheless, allegations continued to surface from the left. The Dutch communist
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and Malay would have been his native languages, followed by
English, Dutch, French, Japanese, German, Latin, and Turkish. He raised his children in a multilingual household. In an anecdote told by Cornell professor
601:, the first member of the council to do so despite hostile reception from other European members. He left the chamber in 1924, frustrated by the chamber's powerlessness (its main function was solely to advise the
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He was also popular for his lighthearted humour. A lifelong smoker of cigar (he would sometimes lit one while teaching at
Cornell) a common lore was that when Salim, on behalf of the Indonesian government, met
1082:("leading is suffering"), an old Dutch proverb. He and his wife agreed not to send their children to Dutch colonial schools, despite being a product of the institutions; instead, they mostly homeschooled them.
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was formed. Hatta, the United States' inaugural (and only) premier and foreign minister, appointed Salim to be a special advisor on foreign affairs. The United States itself was dissolved in
September 1950.
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newspaper to applaud his expulsion in 1918, its editors were condemned by other newspapers and forced to apologize. Even in the late 1920s, as many communists in the Indies were being sent to
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872:), the two breached the Dutch naval blockade with a plane carrying contraband vanilla to Singapore. Returning home, Salim was part of the Indonesian delegation throughout negotiations aboard
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Sjewket was killed in action during the
Indonesian revolution. Chalid Salim, Salim's younger brother, was a communist who became a Catholic pastor during his years of exile in Boven Digoel.
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and asked if the Duke knew of it. When the Duke inquired what was Salim smoking, he answered: "That, Your
Highness, is the reason for which the West conquered the world!"
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After leaving government service, Salim returned to writing and journalism. In 1952, he was appointed to the honorary board of the
Association of Indonesian Journalists (
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1071:) in 1928. Violet married Djohan Sjahroezah, a prominent socialist and underground anti-Japanese activist and a nephew of Sjahrir, Salim's revolutionary protege.
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In 1943, the Japanese military government asked Salim, a renowned polyglot who spoke nine languages, to compile a military dictionary for the use of
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857:. For the next three months, Salim and his delegation successfully gained diplomatic recognition from almost all members of the League.
577:. Salim responded that he needed money to continue his activities and that everyone profited from the government in some way or other.
394:. His father, Sultan Mohammad Salim, was a colonial prosecutor and judge whose highest rank was chief judge for the indigenous court in
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721:) tasked to draft the basis of the state. In the committee chaired by Sukarno, Salim was one of the prominent Muslim leaders alongside
690:("Center for People's Power", Putera), an intellectual body set up by Japanese government to mobilize popular support for war efforts.
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sat together in a faculty dining room at the Cornell campus. Salim stroke a conversation he soon dominated over French-educated Diem.
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748:). BPUPK as a whole ratified it on 10 July. On 11 July, Salim was appointed to sit in the Subcommittee for Constitutional Drafting (
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and other meetings in the 1910s delivered reports to government officials and then used government money to criticize communists in
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It was alleged that throughout his early years returning from Jeddah, Salim had been in contact with or possibly working for the
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Salim returned to the Indies in 1911 and pursued a career in journalism, contributing pieces for magazines and publications like
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763:, PPKI). For unclear reasons, however, Salim did not sit on the committee; he was also not recorded as being present during the
505:, Salim was considered to be on the reformist side of the SI and was at odds with the increasingly leftist faction of SI led by
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As Deputy Foreign Minister, Salim led numerous Indonesian diplomatic missions abroad. He led the Indonesian delegation at the
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Salim was occasionally accused by those leftists of being too close to the Dutch colonial government. First, his newspaper
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Another area of activism that Salim was active in was workers' welfare. At the request of the prominent Dutch trade union
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Salim became one of the most vocal advocates of the growing Indonesian nationalist movement, in the period known as the
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632:(NVV), he served as an advisor for its delegation to the 1929 and 1930 International Labour Conventions, both held in
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374:; 8 October 1884 – 4 November 1954) was an Indonesian journalist, diplomat, and statesman. He served as Indonesia's
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high-ranking officer whom he had worked with in the Dutch consulate in Jeddah) helped to smoothen the process.
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398:. His birth name, which translates into "defender of truth", was changed to Agus Salim early in his childhood.
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588:, PSI), which later became the PSII. After Tjokro died in 1934, Salim became the party's intellectual leader.
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922:. With the rest of the leaders, Salim returned to Yogya and reclaimed his duties as foreign minister in the
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affairs; in some way, it was to distance him from the radical teachings of a close relative, the well-known
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and emancipation became famous later, offered to defer her scholarship for Salim; this, too, was rejected.
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magazine, described the lifestyle of the man whom he succeeded as Foreign Minister as a manifestation of
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Haji Agus Salim : His Role in Nationalist Movements in Indonesia During the Early Twentieth Century
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Salim was best remembered for his sharp wit and debating skills. In a version of the story (as told by
779:; Sukarno, now President of the Republic, appointed him to the newly created Supreme Advisory Council (
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783:, DPA). He remained in that position until March 1946, when he was appointed Deputy Foreign Minister (
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Later, after the breakup of the Sarekat Islam, Salim (along with Tjokroaminoto) co-founded the
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Pesan-Pesan Islam: Rangkaian Kuliah Musim Semi 1953 di Cornell University, Amerika Serikat
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as official state philosophy and an explicit call for Muslim Indonesians to oblige to the
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One of Salim's final diplomatic services was as part of the Indonesian delegation in the
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The Crescent and The Rising Sun. Indonesian Islam and the Japanese occupation 1942–1945
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had been funded in 1917 with government money (under the direction of Governor-General
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Salim was known for his frugality and simple lifestyle. Mohammad Roem, in a piece for
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1208:"Between Batavia and Mecca: Images of Agoes Salim from the Leiden University Library"
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language." In another instance, Salim was mocked by Bergmeyer, a Dutch member of the
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In August 1947, Salim with Sjahrir traveled to the United States to participate in a
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1150:(some claimed, however, it's the other British royalties) during a dinner at the
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in June 1953. A British diplomat assigned to him had asked him not to smoke his
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to seek diplomatic recognition from Arab states. A fluent speaker of classical (
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of having advocated for his expulsion from the Indies in 1917. And when Salim's
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1678:(Master of Arts thesis). Canadian theses. Ottawa: National Library of Canada.
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Memata-matai Kaum Pergerakan: Dinas Intelijen Politik Hindia Belanda 1916-1934
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Dolly, the eldest, was known for being the first person to sing the lyrics of
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887:. During the negotiations, Salim's friendship with the Dutch chief negotiator
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in his hometown of Koto Gadang, but left after three years to return to Java.
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was named in his honor, alongside numerous roads in major Indonesian cities.
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from March to April 1947. The same month, he led a small party consisting of
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in late 1949. Hatta's second cabinet was dissolved in December 1949 and the
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ketuhanan dengan kewajiban menjalankan syariat Islam bagi pemeluk-pemeluknya
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that temporarily reduced tensions after the breaking down of the previous
477:, where he was also an active member. While in that, he founded a private
19:"Haji Agus Salim" redirects here. For the football stadium in Padang, see
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Islamic nationhood and colonial Indonesia : the umma below the winds
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Haji Agus Salim (1884-1954): Tentang Perang, Jihad, dan Pluralisme
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Salim died on 4 November 1954, in Jakarta. He was interred at the
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In the spring of 1953, Salim and his wife lived for six months in
868:. With the help of banker Margono Djojohadikusumo (grandfather of
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1462:"Dolly Salim, Penyanyi Indonesia Raya Pertama di Kongres Pemuda"
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Informally bestowed the honorific title of the "Grand Old Man" (
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for delivering a speech in Malay. At one point Salim had said
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on 8 October 1884, in the village of Koto Gadang, a suburb of
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Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence
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Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research
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Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence
712:
Badan Penyelidik Usaha-usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia
1305:(1st Equinox ed.). Equinox Publications. p. 368.
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On 7 August, the BPUPK was dissolved and replaced with the
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Overzicht van de Inlandsche en Maleisisch-Chineesche pers
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During the waning years of Dutch rule and early years of
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Fatwa on Religious Pluralism, Liberalism, and Secularism
1142:, so there would be no original word in both languages.
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Keterangan Filsafat Tentang Takdir, Tawakal, dan Tauchid
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Bagaimana Takdir, Tawakal, dan Tauchid Harus Dipahamkan?
1624:. The Hague and Bandung: W. van Hoeve Ltd. p. ix.
717:
On 1 June, Salim was appointed to a Committee of Nine (
1359:(in Dutch). Vol. 1927, no. 22. May 28, 1927.
422:, another European-educated student whose writings on
1567:"Debat Kusir, Belajar dari Jawaban Cerdas Agus Salim"
1246:"Masa Kecil Haji Agus Salim, 'the Grand Old Man' (2)"
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and was considered the right-hand man of its leader,
1018:. His lectures were later compiled and published as
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991:Be Understood?"); later editions saw it updated as
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969:, PWI). In 1953, he wrote a religious book titled
803:in July 1947; Amir, like Sjahrir, is a Socialist.
517:; who would eventually break with SI to found the
906:. When Dutch started a military offensive called
799:before being promoted to Foreign Minister in the
757:Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence
569:published allegations that Agus Salim had joined
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1590:"Best Story; The Book That Killed Colonialism"
16:Indonesian journalist, diplomat, and statesman
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5290:Newspaper editors from the Dutch East Indies
1485:"Memimpin Itu Menderita, Seperti Agus Salim"
1370:Rohmadi, Nazirwan; Akhyar, Muhammad (2017).
1054:, a prominent economist and minister in the
787:) under Foreign Minister and Prime Minister
686:, and Mas Mansyur) who are in charge of the
1327:"HADJI A. SALIM. Beschuldigd van spionnage"
1277:. London: RoutledgeCurzon. pp. 185–8.
817:signed a friendship treaty, on 10 June 1947
750:Panitia Kecil Perancang Undang-Undang Dasar
618:
401:Salim received his elementary education at
339:Agus Salim giving a speech in Dutch on the
4084:
4070:
4062:
3808:
3794:
3786:
3676:
3221:
3200:
3186:
3178:
2609:
2361:
1983:
1909:
1895:
1887:
1736:
1722:
1714:
1098:to historian Asvi Warman Adam, Salim, and
27:
1588:Toer, Pramoedya Ananta (April 18, 1999).
1436:"Abang Tokoh Islam, Adik Pendeta Kristen"
1296:
1294:
702:Salim and Sukarno in Dutch custody, 1949.
124:4 August 1949 – 20 December 1949
1201:
1199:
805:
623:("On Veiling and Separation of Women").
5270:Members of the Central Advisory Council
1533:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1195:
1014:, where he delivered guest lectures at
946:Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference
761:Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia
469:. He would later serve as an editor in
345:radio program during World War II, 1941
65:3 July 1947 – 19 December 1948
2402:Indonesian Islamic Propagation Council
629:Nederlands Verbond van Vakverenigingen
3477:Siti Sukaptinah Sunaryo Mangunpuspito
1647:
1635:
1483:Matanasi, Petrik (November 4, 2017).
1460:Sitompul, Martin (October 28, 2015).
767:at Sukarno's residence on 17 August.
620:De sluiering en afzondering der vrouw
369:
183:12 March 1946 – 26 June 1947
7:
4217:Ignatius Joseph Kasimo Hendrowahyono
3925:Ignatius Joseph Kasimo Hendrowahyono
2522:Indonesian Nahdlatul Community Party
2397:Indonesia Institute of Islamic Dawah
1508:"Orang Terpelajar dan Homeschooling"
1506:Matanasi, Petrik (October 3, 2016).
1244:Rizqa, Hasanul (February 23, 2019).
935:Emergency Government of the Republic
736:, which includes Sukarno's proposed
732:The committee would end up with the
591:In 1921, Salim was appointed to the
171:Deputy Foreign Minister of Indonesia
1699:. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
933:with his duties as Chairman of the
926:, having been briefly exercised by
849:, the Egyptian prime minister, and
563:concentration camps in Boven Digoel
1667:. Jakarta: Penerbit Sinar Harapan.
1175:Salim was posthumously declared a
771:Government and diplomatic services
493:. He became a prominent leader in
14:
5250:Government ministers of Indonesia
2750:Operation Tinombala / Madago Raya
2033:Ismail al-Khalidi al-Minangkabawi
1663:Buku Peringatan, Panitia (1984).
941:from December 1948 to July 1949.
3432:Poerbonegoro Soemitro Kolopaking
1970:
1866:
1745:
1546:. Indonesian Academy of Sciences
1303:The rise of Indonesian communism
1273:Laffan, Michael Francis (2003).
1148:Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
1029:Agus Salim casket draped by the
810:Foreign Minister Agus Salim and
328:
38:
4953:Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah
4014:Ethnic Arab and Chinese members
1406:. Marjin Kiri. pp. 50–51.
862:United Nations Security Council
853:, the secretary-general of the
795:. He reprised that role in the
473:, a newspaper aligned with the
418:in the Netherlands fell short.
5245:Foreign ministers of Indonesia
3869:Cornelia Razoux Schultz-Metzer
3864:Jacob Christiaan Koningsberger
3765:Saibun Abdul Jalil Rahmat Sjah
2755:December 2016 Jakarta protests
2636:Islamic Kingdoms in Indonesia
1752:Foreign Ministers of Indonesia
1102:leader (and future president)
801:first Amir Sjarifuddin Cabinet
1:
2407:Indonesian Mujahedeen Council
1672:Kahfi, Erni Haryanti (2000).
1665:Seratus Tahun Haji Agus Salim
1540:"Agus Salim, Manusia Merdeka"
1058:administration, is a nephew.
995:("Philosophical Addresses on
646:Politieke Inlichtingen Dienst
530:Johan Paul van Limburg Stirum
519:Communist Union of the Indies
53:Foreign Minister of Indonesia
5285:National Heroes of Indonesia
5265:Indonesian newspaper editors
4372:Sutan Mohammad Amin Nasution
4093:National Heroes of Indonesia
3167:National Heroes of Indonesia
3093:Islamic criminal law in Aceh
2622:Spread of Islam in Indonesia
2449:Muslim Students' Association
2202:Ahmad Khatib al-Minangkabawi
1033:and prepped for burial, 1954
967:Persatuan Wartawan Indonesia
918:before being transferred to
605:), and derided it as a mere
452:Ahmad Khatib al-Minangkabawi
5104:Machmud Singgirei Rumagesan
3995:Tjokorda Gde Raka Soekawati
3844:Karel Albert Rudolf Bosscha
3447:Roosseno Soerjohadikoesoemo
3088:Islam Yes, Islamic Party No
1400:Akbar, Allan (March 2013).
1206:Laffan, Michael F. (2003).
902:, while officially serving
706:Salim was appointed to the
479:Hollandsche Indische School
376:Minister of Foreign Affairs
5316:
5184:Syech Yusuf Tajul Khalwati
4892:Wilhelmus Zakaria Johannes
3769:Sjech Mohd. Djamil Djambek
3337:Jenal Asikin Wijaya Kusuma
1994:Muhammad Arsyad al-Banjari
1152:coronation of Elizabeth II
954:United States of Indonesia
823:Asian Relations Conference
18:
5300:Sarekat Islam politicians
5089:I Gusti Ngurah Made Agung
4443:Andi Abdullah Bau Massepe
4252:Lambertus Nicodemus Palar
4137:Alexander Andries Maramis
3975:Soetardjo Kartohadikusumo
3507:Soetardjo Kartohadikusumo
3292:Alexander Andries Maramis
3152:
2875:Musabaqah Tilawatil Quran
2735:Maluku sectarian conflict
2593:Mujahidin Indonesia Timur
2345:Muhammad Luthfi bin Yahya
1968:
1875:
1864:
1778:Alexander Andries Maramis
1758:
1130:, the Malayized word for
1039:Kalibata Heroes' Cemetery
889:Abdulkadir Widjojoatmodjo
851:Abdul Rahman Hassan Azzam
847:Mahmoud El Nokrashy Pasha
845:) Arabic, Salim met with
765:independence proclamation
403:Europeesche Lagere School
354:
317:
281:Kalibata Heroes' Cemetery
219:
176:
152:Alexander Andries Maramis
117:
112:Alexander Andries Maramis
58:
46:
37:
5295:People from Agam Regency
5124:Martha Christina Tiahahu
5114:Mahmud Shah III of Johor
4789:Ki Sarmidi Mangunsarkoro
4635:Donald Izacus Pandjaitan
4543:Soekanto Tjokrodiatmodjo
4402:Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto
4382:Sjafruddin Prawiranegara
4212:Ida Anak Agung Gde Agung
4021:Abdullah bin Alwi Alatas
3950:Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto
3492:Surachman Tjokroadisurjo
2670:Samudera Pasai Sultanate
2552:United Development Party
2542:Prosperous Justice Party
2532:National Awakening Party
2412:Indonesian Ulema Council
2065:Abdus Samad al-Palimbani
1813:Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung
1616:Benda, Harry J. (1958).
1045:Personal life and legacy
928:Sjafruddin Prawiranegara
785:Menteri Muda Luar Negeri
781:Dewan Pertimbangan Agung
777:first Indonesian cabinet
714:, BPUPK) in March 1945.
499:Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto
5129:Nuku Muhammad Amiruddin
4938:Albertus Soegijapranata
4815:Johannes Abraham Dimara
4578:Robert Wolter Mongisidi
4147:Andi Sultan Daeng Radja
3755:Mohd. Sjafei (chairman)
3724:Ferdinand Lumban Tobing
3641:Tanaka Minoru (soldier)
3362:Margono Djojohadikusumo
3257:Abdulrahim Pratalykrama
2627:Ottoman embassy to Aceh
2422:Islamic Defenders Front
2387:Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia
2377:Campus Dakwah Institute
812:Egyptian Prime Minister
775:Salim did not join the
694:Indonesian independence
378:between 1947 and 1949.
21:Haji Agus Salim Stadium
5084:I Gusti Ketut Jelantik
5059:Raja Haji Fisabilillah
4691:Wahidin Soedirohoesodo
4686:Tjipto Mangoenkoesoemo
4625:Mas Tirtodarmo Haryono
4518:Muhammad Mangundiprojo
4307:Rajiman Wediodiningrat
4272:Mohammad Husni Thamrin
4187:Ferdinand Lumbantobing
4112:Abdul Halim Majalengka
3960:Rajiman Wediodiningrat
3940:Mohammad Husni Thamrin
3930:Mangaradja Soangkoepon
3915:Bernard Wilhelm Lapian
3482:Soekiman Wirjosandjojo
3442:Rajiman Wediodiningrat
3332:Hoesein Djajadiningrat
3322:Boentaran Martoatmodjo
2720:Tanjung Priok massacre
2578:Jamaah Ansharut Tauhid
2537:National Mandate Party
2315:Muhammad Rizieq Shihab
1224:10.3406/arch.2003.3754
1034:
866:Lake Success, New York
818:
703:
619:
4913:Abdul Wahab Hasbullah
4794:Maria Walanda Maramis
4748:Wage Rudolf Supratman
4650:Sugiyono Mangunwiyoto
4227:Iwa Koesoemasoemantri
4177:Djoeanda Kartawidjaja
4107:Abdoel Kahar Moezakir
4005:Wiwoho Purbohadidjojo
3905:Achmad Djajadiningrat
3718:Djamaluddin Adinegoro
3297:Ashar Sutejo Munandar
3267:Abikusno Tjokrosujoso
3237:Abdoel Kahar Moezakir
2427:Liberal Islam Network
2417:Al-Irshad Al-Islamiya
2192:Muhammad Jamil Jambek
2107:Maulana Malik Ibrahim
1833:Mochtar Kusumaatmadja
1693:Sularto, St. (2004).
1185:main football stadium
1096:George McTurnan Kahin
1028:
885:Linggadjati Agreement
809:
797:third Sjahrir Cabinet
701:
371:[ˈaɡʊsˈsalɪm]
5255:Indonesian diplomats
5179:Sisingamangaraja XII
5109:Mahmud Badaruddin II
5039:Teungku Chik di Tiro
4933:As'ad Syamsul Arifin
4825:Pajonga Daeng Ngalie
4428:Abdul Haris Nasution
4392:Teuku Muhammad Hasan
4342:Sukarjo Wiryopranoto
4297:Oto Iskandar di Nata
4257:Maskoen Soemadiredja
4182:Ernest Douwes Dekker
4117:Abdurrahman Baswedan
3980:Sukarjo Wiryopranoto
3955:Oto Iskandar di Nata
3751:Teuku Mohammad Hasan
3527:Sukarjo Wiryopranoto
3412:Oto Iskandar di Nata
3342:Johannes Latuharhary
3262:Abdurrahman Baswedan
3162:History of Indonesia
3157:Mosques in Indonesia
2685:Yogyakarta Sultanate
2250:Ahmad Syafi'i Maarif
2187:Tahir bin Jalaluddin
2172:Abdul Karim Amrullah
1301:McVey, Ruth (2006).
961:Later life and death
924:second Hatta Cabinet
839:Nazir Sutan Pamuncak
831:Abdurrahman Baswedan
611:Jong Islamieten Bond
586:Partai Serikat Islam
534:Dutch Ethical Policy
388:Masjhoedoelhaq Salim
386:Agus Salim was born
313:Journalist, diplomat
233:Masjhoedoelhaq Salim
5169:Ranggong Daeng Romo
4943:Bagoes Hadikoesoemo
4660:Sutoyo Siswomiharjo
4630:Katamso Darmokusumo
4620:Karel Satsuit Tubun
4468:Halim Perdanakusuma
4242:Kasman Singodimedjo
4222:I Gusti Ketut Pudja
4192:Gatot Mangkoepradja
4152:Arie Frederik Lasut
3542:Susanto Tirtoprodjo
3457:Samsi Sastrawidagda
3452:Ruslan Wongsokusumo
3367:Maria Ulfah Santoso
3307:Bagoes Hadikoesoemo
2725:Talangsari incident
2517:Crescent Star Party
2275:Abdullah Gymnastiar
1538:Adam, Asvi Warman.
1353:"Tegen Hadji Salim"
1331:De Indische courant
900:first Hatta Cabinet
727:Abdul Kahar Muzakir
688:Pusat Tenaga Rakyat
659:Japanese occupation
653:Japanese occupation
582:Islamic Union Party
536:, However, by 1918
436:, where he handled
407:Hogere Burgerschool
295:Islamic Union Party
5275:Minangkabau people
5260:Indonesian Muslims
5074:Tuanku Imam Bonjol
4784:Ki Hajar Dewantara
4558:Sutomo (Bung Tomo)
4488:I Gusti Ngurah Rai
4433:Abdul Rahman Saleh
3920:Cipto Mangunkusumo
3883:Indonesian members
3696:A. R. Sutan Mansur
3680:Indonesian members
3624:Matsuura Mitsukiyo
3347:Ki Hajar Dewantara
3277:Agus Muhsin Dasaad
3225:Indonesian members
2730:Insurgency in Aceh
2650:Kingdom of Kaimana
2432:Majelis Rasulullah
2212:Sulaiman ar-Rasuli
2144:Burhanuddin Ulakan
2048:Tuanku Imam Bonjol
2023:Yusuf al-Makassari
1918:Islam in Indonesia
1595:The New York Times
1434:Matanasi, Petrik.
1087:Kamitua yang Mulia
1035:
1016:Cornell University
879:, which led to an
819:
704:
684:Ki Hajar Dewantara
491:National Awakening
485:Political activism
324:Agus Salim's voice
215:Tamsil St. Narajau
142:Tamsil St. Narajau
89:Tamsil St. Narajau
5280:Muslim socialists
5217:
5216:
4973:Nyai Ahmad Dahlan
4866:Tirto Adhi Soerjo
4533:Oerip Soemohardjo
4503:R. E. Martadinata
4197:Hamengkubuwono IX
4059:
4058:
4000:Wiranatakusumah V
3854:Hubertus van Mook
3824:Dutch East Indies
3783:
3782:
3779:
3778:
3758:Perpatih Baringek
3668:
3667:
3600:Itagaki Masamitsu
3557:Wiranatakusumah V
3312:Besar Mertokusumo
3302:Asikin Natanegara
3242:Abdul Fatah Hasan
3175:
3174:
3066:Tafsir Al-Mishbah
2763:
2762:
2715:Petition of Fifty
2675:Ternate Sultanate
2665:Mataram Sultanate
2660:Malacca Sultanate
2601:
2600:
2510:Political parties
2496:Sumatera Thawalib
2486:Rabithah Alawiyah
2353:
2352:
2340:Abdurrahman Wahid
2295:Nurcholish Madjid
2134:Ali Mughayat Syah
2129:Abdurrauf Singkil
2102:Sunan Gunung Jati
2038:Abdullah al-Misri
2006:Nawawi al-Bantani
1884:
1883:
1685:978-0-612-44090-6
1413:978-979-1260-20-6
1162:Westminster Abbey
1069:Kongres Pemuda II
1031:flag of Indonesia
667:Pembela Tanah Air
358:
357:
334:
251:Dutch East Indies
5307:
5199:Thaha Syaifuddin
5134:Nyi Ageng Serang
5064:Hamengkubuwono I
5009:Andi Mappanyukki
4856:Mohammad Tabrani
4568:T. B. Simatupang
4292:Opu Daeng Risaju
4237:Johannes Leimena
4162:Bagindo Azizchan
4132:Adnan Kapau Gani
4122:Achmad Soebardjo
4086:
4079:
4072:
4063:
3935:Mangkunegara VII
3839:Paul Alex Blaauw
3832:European members
3810:
3803:
3796:
3787:
3714:Chatib Soeleiman
3692:Adnan Kapau Gani
3677:
3661:
3649:
3632:
3620:
3608:
3596:
3588:Itibangase Yosio
3576:Japanese members
3517:Sosrodiningrat V
3272:Achmad Soebardjo
3222:
3202:
3195:
3188:
3179:
3144:Central Sulawesi
2986:
2969:
2942:
2930:
2839:
2798:Babad Tanah Jawi
2680:Tidore Sultanate
2610:
2583:Jamaah Islamiyah
2501:Wahdah Islamiyah
2471:Nahdlatul Wathan
2362:
2330:Said Aqil Siradj
2260:Abu Bakar Bashir
2073:
2014:
2002:
1984:
1974:
1911:
1904:
1897:
1888:
1870:
1853:Marty Natalegawa
1818:Ruslan Abdulgani
1798:Achmad Soebardjo
1763:Achmad Soebardjo
1750:
1749:
1738:
1731:
1724:
1715:
1710:
1689:
1668:
1651:
1645:
1639:
1633:
1623:
1613:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1585:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1535:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1457:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1431:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1333:. April 22, 1927
1323:
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1316:
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1288:
1270:
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1260:
1258:
1256:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1203:
1100:South Vietnamese
1080:leiden is lijden
1012:Ithaca, New York
870:Prabowo Subianto
719:Panitia Sembilan
622:
603:Governor-General
373:
336:
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224:Personal details
212:
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72:
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5309:
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5220:
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5213:
5204:Untung Surapati
5189:Tuanku Tambusai
5174:Ratu Kalinyamat
5099:La Maddukelleng
5049:Cut Nyak Meutia
5034:Bataha Santiago
5029:Sultan Babullah
5019:Prince Antasari
5014:Aria Wangsakara
4999:Ageng Tirtayasa
4977:
4896:
4870:
4839:
4835:Syarif Kasim II
4798:
4774:Herman Johannes
4757:
4731:
4695:
4664:
4645:Siswondo Parman
4608:Revolutionaries
4603:
4587:
4416:
4397:Teuku Nyak Arif
4277:Mohammad Natsir
4232:Izaak Huru Doko
4157:Arnold Mononutu
4095:
4090:
4060:
4055:
4026:Han Tiauw Tjong
4009:
3990:Teuku Nyak Arif
3878:
3827:
3816:Members of the
3814:
3784:
3775:
3687:Teuku Nyak Arif
3664:
3655:
3653:Tokonami Tokuji
3643:
3626:
3614:
3612:Masuda Toyohiko
3602:
3590:
3571:
3402:Oey Tiang Tjoei
3213:
3208:Members of the
3206:
3176:
3171:
3148:
3117:
3103:Jemaah Tarbiyah
3098:Jama’ah Tabligh
3083:Islam Nusantara
3071:
3011:
2980:
2963:
2936:
2924:
2868:Istiqlal Mosque
2833:
2759:
2710:Jakarta Charter
2702:
2696:
2645:Demak Sultanate
2614:
2597:
2556:
2505:
2454:Nahdlatul Ulama
2349:
2305:Mohammad Natsir
2242:
2236:
2159:
2153:
2149:Usman bin Yahya
2067:
2058:Tuanku Tambusai
2008:
1996:
1975:
1966:
1920:
1915:
1885:
1880:
1871:
1862:
1848:Hassan Wirajuda
1754:
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1707:
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1250:Republika.co.id
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793:Socialist Party
773:
734:Jakarta Charter
696:
655:
487:
449:Masjid al-Haram
384:
350:
349:
348:
347:
346:
337:
329:
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291:Political party
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260:4 November 1954
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5232:
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5215:
5214:
5212:
5211:
5209:Zainal Mustafa
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5164:Radin Inten II
5161:
5159:Raden Mattaher
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5119:Mangkunegara I
5116:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5044:Cut Nyak Dhien
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4985:
4983:
4979:
4978:
4976:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4958:Hasyim Asy'ari
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4935:
4930:
4925:
4923:Ahmad Hanafiah
4920:
4915:
4910:
4904:
4902:
4898:
4897:
4895:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4878:
4876:
4872:
4871:
4869:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4847:
4845:
4841:
4840:
4838:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4810:Frans Kaisiepo
4806:
4804:
4800:
4799:
4797:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4765:
4763:
4759:
4758:
4756:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4743:Ismail Marzuki
4739:
4737:
4733:
4732:
4730:
4729:
4724:
4722:Mohammad Yamin
4719:
4714:
4709:
4703:
4701:
4697:
4696:
4694:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4672:
4670:
4666:
4665:
4663:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4640:Pierre Tendean
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4611:
4609:
4605:
4604:
4602:
4601:
4595:
4593:
4589:
4588:
4586:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4523:Muhammad Yasin
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4463:Gatot Soebroto
4460:
4455:
4453:Djamin Ginting
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4424:
4422:
4418:
4417:
4415:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4287:Nani Wartabone
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4267:Mohammad Hatta
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4247:Kusumah Atmaja
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4103:
4101:
4097:
4096:
4091:
4089:
4088:
4081:
4074:
4066:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4053:
4051:Phoa Liong Gie
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4017:
4015:
4011:
4010:
4008:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3985:Tadjuddin Noor
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3945:Mohammad Yamin
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3886:
3884:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3876:
3874:Karel Zaalberg
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3835:
3833:
3829:
3828:
3815:
3813:
3812:
3805:
3798:
3790:
3781:
3780:
3777:
3776:
3774:
3773:
3770:
3767:
3762:
3759:
3756:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3740:
3737:
3734:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3715:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3703:
3700:
3697:
3694:
3689:
3683:
3681:
3674:
3670:
3669:
3666:
3665:
3663:
3662:
3650:
3638:
3633:
3621:
3609:
3597:
3585:
3579:
3577:
3573:
3572:
3570:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3472:Sastromoeljono
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3427:Parada Harahap
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3407:Oey Tjong Hauw
3404:
3399:
3397:Mohammad Yamin
3394:
3389:
3387:Mohammad Hatta
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3357:Liem Koen Hian
3354:
3352:Kusumah Atmaja
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3228:
3226:
3219:
3215:
3214:
3207:
3205:
3204:
3197:
3190:
3182:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3125:
3123:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3115:
3113:Traditionalist
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3079:
3077:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3019:
3017:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2987:
2975:
2970:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2931:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2901:Sejarah Banten
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2828:
2823:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2801:
2794:
2793:
2792:
2787:
2777:
2771:
2769:
2765:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2706:
2704:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2689:
2688:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2655:Gowa Sultanate
2652:
2647:
2642:
2640:Aceh Sultanate
2634:
2629:
2624:
2618:
2616:
2607:
2603:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2564:
2562:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2513:
2511:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2467:
2466:
2461:
2451:
2446:
2445:
2444:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2368:
2366:
2359:
2355:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2320:Quraish Shihab
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2300:Harun Nasution
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2270:Djohan Effendi
2267:
2262:
2257:
2255:Azyumardi Azra
2252:
2246:
2244:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2177:Hasyim Asy'ari
2174:
2169:
2167:Abdullah Ahmad
2163:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2139:Tuanku Nan Tuo
2136:
2131:
2126:
2125:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2112:Sunan Kalijaga
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2074:
2062:
2061:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2018:Hamzah Fansuri
2015:
2003:
1990:
1988:
1981:
1977:
1976:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1946:Old divisions
1944:
1939:
1934:
1928:
1926:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1906:
1899:
1891:
1882:
1881:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1788:Mohammad Hatta
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1733:
1726:
1718:
1712:
1711:
1705:
1690:
1684:
1669:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1652:
1640:
1608:
1580:
1557:
1521:
1510:. Tirto. Tirto
1498:
1475:
1452:
1426:
1412:
1392:
1362:
1344:
1318:
1311:
1290:
1283:
1262:
1236:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1064:Indonesia Raya
1046:
1043:
962:
959:
916:North Sumatera
908:Operatie Kraai
815:Nokrashy Pasha
772:
769:
695:
692:
680:Mohammad Hatta
654:
651:
567:Bintang Timoer
559:Malay language
543:Henk Sneevliet
486:
483:
430:C.S. Hurgronje
424:women's rights
396:Tanjung Pinang
383:
380:
356:
355:
352:
351:
338:
327:
322:
321:
320:
319:
318:
315:
314:
311:
307:
306:
305:Zainatun Nahar
303:
299:
298:
292:
288:
287:
278:
274:
273:
264:(aged 70)
258:
254:
253:
243:8 October 1884
232:
230:
226:
225:
221:
220:
217:
216:
213:
207:
206:
201:
195:
194:
191:
189:Prime Minister
185:
184:
174:
173:
166:
165:
160:
154:
153:
150:
144:
143:
140:
136:
135:
134:Mohammad Hatta
132:
130:Prime Minister
126:
125:
115:
114:
109:
103:
102:
97:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
80:Mohammad Hatta
73:
71:Prime Minister
67:
66:
56:
55:
48:
47:
44:
43:
35:
34:
31:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5312:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5227:
5225:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5139:Pakubuwono VI
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5079:Iskandar Muda
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4994:Achmad Rifa'i
4992:
4990:
4987:
4986:
4984:
4980:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4899:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4887:Siti Hartinah
4885:
4883:
4880:
4879:
4877:
4873:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4861:Ruhana Kuddus
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4848:
4846:
4842:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4820:Marthen Indey
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4807:
4805:
4801:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4766:
4764:
4760:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4740:
4738:
4734:
4728:
4727:Raja Ali Haji
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4704:
4702:
4698:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4673:
4671:
4667:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4612:
4610:
4606:
4600:
4597:
4596:
4594:
4590:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4573:Usman Janatin
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4538:Slamet Rijadi
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4498:Keumalahayati
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4458:Djatikoesoemo
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4448:Basuki Rahmat
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4425:
4423:
4419:
4413:
4412:Zainul Arifin
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4377:Sutan Sjahrir
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4367:Soerjopranoto
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4322:Sam Ratulangi
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4098:
4094:
4087:
4082:
4080:
4075:
4073:
4068:
4067:
4064:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4036:Ko Kwat Tiong
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4018:
4016:
4012:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3965:Sam Ratulangi
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3885:
3881:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3830:
3825:
3821:
3820:
3811:
3806:
3804:
3799:
3797:
3792:
3791:
3788:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3760:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3746:Daud Beureueh
3744:
3741:
3739:Indra Tjahaja
3738:
3735:
3733:Hsu Hua Chang
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3719:
3716:
3713:
3710:
3707:
3704:
3701:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3678:
3675:
3673:Sumatra BPUPK
3671:
3659:
3654:
3651:
3647:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3630:
3625:
3622:
3618:
3613:
3610:
3606:
3601:
3598:
3594:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3580:
3578:
3574:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3537:Suryohamijoyo
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3422:Panji Singgih
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3392:Mohammad Noor
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3327:Hindromartono
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3223:
3220:
3216:
3211:
3203:
3198:
3196:
3191:
3189:
3184:
3183:
3180:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3151:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3074:
3068:
3067:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3025:
3021:
3020:
3018:
3014:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2967:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2946:Tabligh Akbar
2944:
2940:
2935:
2932:
2928:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2902:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2837:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2770:
2766:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2699:
2693:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2611:
2608:
2604:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2559:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2527:Masyumi Party
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2508:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2491:Sarekat Islam
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2365:Civil society
2363:
2360:
2358:Organizations
2356:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2290:Kartosoewirjo
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2239:
2233:
2232:Tjokroaminoto
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2217:Mohammad Roem
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2162:
2160:Awakening era
2156:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2078:
2075:
2071:
2066:
2063:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2007:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1980:Major figures
1978:
1973:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1912:
1907:
1905:
1900:
1898:
1893:
1892:
1889:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1859:
1858:Retno Marsudi
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1793:Mohammad Roem
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1768:Sutan Sjahrir
1766:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1753:
1748:
1739:
1734:
1732:
1727:
1725:
1720:
1719:
1716:
1708:
1706:979-22-1094-6
1702:
1698:
1697:
1691:
1687:
1681:
1677:
1676:
1670:
1666:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1649:
1644:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1627:
1622:
1621:
1612:
1609:
1597:
1596:
1591:
1584:
1581:
1568:
1561:
1558:
1545:
1541:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1522:
1509:
1502:
1499:
1486:
1479:
1476:
1463:
1456:
1453:
1441:
1437:
1430:
1427:
1415:
1409:
1405:
1404:
1396:
1393:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1366:
1363:
1358:
1354:
1348:
1345:
1332:
1328:
1322:
1319:
1314:
1312:9789793780368
1308:
1304:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1286:
1284:9780203222577
1280:
1276:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1251:
1247:
1240:
1237:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1177:National Hero
1173:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1149:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1136:Ancient Greek
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1112:
1107:
1105:
1104:Ngo Dinh Diem
1101:
1097:
1092:
1088:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1065:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1008:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
989:
984:
983:
978:
977:
973:("How Should
972:
968:
960:
958:
955:
951:
947:
942:
940:
936:
932:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
896:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
877:
871:
867:
863:
858:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
816:
813:
808:
804:
802:
798:
794:
790:
789:Sutan Sjahrir
786:
782:
778:
770:
768:
766:
762:
758:
753:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
730:
728:
724:
720:
715:
713:
709:
700:
693:
691:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
672:Allied forces
669:
668:
662:
660:
652:
650:
648:
647:
641:
639:
635:
631:
630:
624:
621:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
595:
589:
587:
583:
578:
576:
572:
571:Sarekat Islam
568:
564:
560:
557:was the only
556:
552:
548:
544:
539:
535:
531:
527:
522:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
495:Sarekat Islam
492:
484:
482:
480:
476:
475:Sarekat Islam
472:
468:
464:
460:
455:
453:
450:
446:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
425:
421:
417:
412:
408:
404:
399:
397:
393:
389:
381:
379:
377:
372:
367:
364:
363:
353:
344:
343:
325:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
293:
289:
286:
282:
279:
277:Resting place
275:
272:
268:
259:
255:
252:
248:
245:Koto Gadang,
231:
227:
222:
218:
214:
208:
205:
202:
196:
193:Sutan Syahrir
192:
186:
180:
175:
172:
167:
164:
163:Mohammad Roem
161:
155:
151:
145:
141:
137:
133:
127:
121:
116:
113:
110:
104:
101:
100:Sutan Syahrir
98:
92:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
68:
62:
57:
54:
49:
45:
41:
36:
29:
26:
22:
5144:Pakubuwono X
5094:Kiras Bangun
5024:Sultan Agung
4928:Ahmad Sanusi
4918:Ahmad Dahlan
4908:Abdul Chalim
4851:Ilyas Yakoub
4830:Silas Papare
4769:Dewi Sartika
4753:Usmar Ismail
4711:
4707:Abdoel Moeis
4592:Independence
4473:Harun Thohir
4407:Wahid Hasyim
4207:Idham Chalid
4172:Tjilik Riwut
4041:Khouw Kim An
4031:Hok Hoei Kan
3909:
3900:Abdul Rasjid
3890:Abdoel Rivai
3849:Dick de Hoog
3817:
3742:M. A. Sjarif
3636:Miyano Shozo
3583:Ide Teitiroo
3567:Wuryaningrat
3562:Wongsonegoro
3552:Wahid Hasyim
3417:P. F. Dahler
3287:Ahmad Sanusi
3281:
3252:Abdul Kaffar
3134:West Sumatra
3064:
3040:Kitab kuning
3035:Jamiat Kheir
3022:
2989:
2899:
2796:
2780:Architecture
2703:independence
2615:independence
2588:Laskar Jihad
2437:Muhammadiyah
2382:Hidayatullah
2285:Wahid Hasyim
2265:Idham Chalid
2243:independence
2226:
2207:Haji Misbach
2182:Ahmad Dahlan
2092:Sunan Drajat
2087:Sunan Bonang
2028:Malikussaleh
1782:
1772:
1695:
1674:
1664:
1657:Bibliography
1643:
1619:
1611:
1601:February 24,
1599:. Retrieved
1593:
1583:
1573:February 24,
1571:. Retrieved
1560:
1550:February 24,
1548:. Retrieved
1543:
1514:February 24,
1512:. Retrieved
1501:
1491:February 24,
1489:. Retrieved
1478:
1468:February 24,
1466:. Retrieved
1455:
1445:February 24,
1443:. Retrieved
1439:
1429:
1419:February 24,
1417:. Retrieved
1402:
1395:
1385:February 24,
1383:. Retrieved
1379:
1375:
1365:
1356:
1347:
1335:. Retrieved
1330:
1321:
1302:
1274:
1255:February 24,
1253:. Retrieved
1249:
1239:
1229:February 24,
1227:. Retrieved
1215:
1211:
1174:
1169:
1155:
1144:
1127:
1123:
1108:
1086:
1084:
1079:
1075:
1073:
1068:
1062:
1060:
1048:
1036:
1019:
1009:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
986:
980:
974:
970:
966:
964:
943:
937:in its only
930:
903:
897:
875:
859:
842:
820:
784:
780:
774:
760:
754:
749:
745:
731:
723:Wahid Hasyim
718:
716:
711:
705:
687:
665:
663:
656:
644:
642:
627:
625:
610:
607:komedi omong
606:
592:
590:
585:
579:
574:
554:
546:
537:
525:
523:
488:
478:
466:
462:
459:Hindia Baroe
458:
456:
444:
428:
406:
402:
400:
392:Fort de Kock
387:
385:
365:
361:
359:
342:Radio Oranje
340:
262:(1954-11-04)
211:Succeeded by
203:
178:
158:Succeeded by
119:
107:Succeeded by
60:
25:
5235:1954 deaths
5230:1884 births
4989:Abdul Kadir
4968:Mas Mansoer
4963:Lafran Pane
4875:Development
4803:Integration
4717:Amir Hamzah
4681:Dr. Soetomo
4583:Yos Sudarso
4478:Hasan Basry
4362:Ario Soerjo
4312:Rasuna Said
4167:B.W. Lapian
4142:Andi Djemma
4046:Loa Sek Hie
3859:Jan Jonkman
3826:(1918–1942)
3720:(secretary)
3702:Abdul Abbas
3656: [
3644: [
3627: [
3615: [
3603: [
3591: [
3547:Tan Eng Hoa
3377:Mas Mansoer
3247:Abdul Kadir
3232:Abdul Halim
3045:Kota santri
2981: [
2964: [
2937: [
2925: [
2834: [
2573:Darul Islam
2547:Ummah Party
2335:Abdul Somad
2325:Ma'ruf Amin
2222:Rasuna Said
2197:Mas Mansoer
2122:Sunan Murya
2117:Sunan Kudus
2082:Sunan Ampel
2068: [
2009: [
1997: [
1987:Classic era
1843:Alwi Shihab
1650:, p. 4
1638:, p. 4
1569:. Republika
1565:Amar, Ady.
1218:: 109–122.
1164:and in the
1091:Minangkabau
864:session in
855:Arab League
638:Switzerland
463:Fadjar Asia
199:Preceded by
148:Preceded by
95:Preceded by
5224:Categories
5194:Teuku Umar
5069:Hasanuddin
5054:Diponegoro
4948:Fakhruddin
4712:Agus Salim
4669:Resistance
4615:Ahmad Yani
4438:Adisucipto
4387:Tan Malaka
4302:P. M. Noor
4127:Adam Malik
3910:Agus Salim
3895:Abdul Muis
3705:Aminoeddin
3699:A. Sjagoff
3282:Agus Salim
3218:Java BPUPK
2912:Serak Gulo
2890:Sholawatan
2740:Poso riots
2632:Wali Sanga
2372:Alkhairaat
2310:Amien Rais
2227:Agus Salim
2097:Sunan Giri
2077:Wali Sanga
2053:Tuanku Rao
1932:Shia Islam
1838:Ali Alatas
1828:Adam Malik
1783:Agus Salim
1773:Agus Salim
1648:Kahfi 2000
1636:Kahfi 2000
1544:LIPI.go.id
1464:. Historia
1191:References
1052:Emil Salim
931:ex officio
904:ad interim
551:Abdul Muis
511:Tan Malaka
382:Early life
366:Agus Salim
310:Profession
239:1884-10-08
32:Agus Salim
5154:Pong Tiku
5149:Pattimura
5004:Andi Depu
4762:Education
4599:Fatmawati
4553:Supriyadi
4528:Noer Alie
4508:Mas Isman
4483:Iswahyudi
4327:Samanhudi
4100:Political
3819:Volksraad
3139:East Java
3122:By region
3108:Modernist
3076:Movements
3060:Pesantren
3016:Education
2997:Wetu Telu
2991:Tombo Ati
2978:Tirakatan
2853:Manakiban
2692:Padri War
2158:National
1937:Ahmadiyya
1823:Subandrio
1179:in 1960.
1140:οἰκονομία
1124:Volksraad
950:The Hague
912:Berastagi
881:agreement
827:New Delhi
738:Pancasila
615:Surakarta
613:(JIB) in
594:Volksraad
271:Indonesia
204:inaugural
179:In office
120:In office
61:In office
4982:Struggle
4901:Religion
4700:Literary
4655:Suprapto
4548:Sudirman
4513:Moestopo
4493:John Lie
4421:Military
4332:Soekarni
4317:Sahardjo
4282:Moewardi
4202:Hazairin
3772:Tjik Wan
3761:Pirngadi
3522:Sudirman
3512:Soewandi
3462:Samsudin
3437:Purubojo
3372:Mas Aris
3024:Al-Munir
3002:Yaqowiyu
2973:Tausiyah
2961:Takbiran
2956:Tahlilan
2917:Slametan
2804:Costumes
2459:GP Ansor
2442:Aisyiyah
1925:Branches
1878:Category
1808:Soenario
1630:22213896
1440:Tirto.id
1212:Archipel
1138:word of
1111:Jef Last
997:Tawakkul
976:Tawakkul
876:Renville
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