Airborne forces - Knowledge (XXG)

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their targets without navigational error, and the airborne troops seized the Knollwood Army Auxiliary Airfield and secured the landing area for the rest of the division before daylight. With its initial objectives taken, the 11th Airborne Division then launched a coordinated ground attack against a reinforced infantry regiment and conducted several aerial resupply and casualty evacuation missions in coordination with United States Army Air Forces transport aircraft. The exercise was judged by observers to be a great success. McNair, pleased by its results, attributed this success to the great improvements in airborne training that had been implemented in the months following Operation Husky. As a result of the Knollwood Maneuver, division-sized airborne forces were deemed to be feasible and Eisenhower permitted their retention.

2574: 2410:, was annihilated by anti-aircraft fire and fierce resistance by some remaining Dutch defenders. As a result, numerous crashed and burning aircraft blocked the runway, preventing further reinforcements from landing. This was one of the few occasions where an airfield captured by paratroops has been recaptured. The other two airfields were recaptured as well. Simultaneously, the Germans dropped small packets of paratroopers to seize the crucial bridges that led directly across the Netherlands and into the heart of the country. They opened the way for the 9th Panzer Division. Within a day, the Dutch position became hopeless. Nevertheless, Dutch forces inflicted high losses on German transportation aircraft. Moreover, 1200 German elite troops from the 84: 3253: 31: 4173: 3453:. Having learnt from the heavy casualties inflicted upon the airborne formations in Operation Market Garden, the two airborne divisions were dropped several thousand yards forward of friendly positions, and only some thirteen hours after Operation Plunder had begun and Allied ground forces had already crossed the Rhine. There was heavy resistance in some of the areas that the airborne troops landed in, with casualties actually statistically heavier than those incurred during Operation Market Garden. The British 3609:, most of the units were flown into landing grounds which had been seized by glider infantry transported by the American First Air Commando Group, commencing on March 5. Aircraft continued to land reinforcements at captured or hastily constructed landing strips until monsoon rains made them unusable. Small detachments were subsequently landed by parachute. The operation eventually wound down in July, with the exhausted Chindits making their way overland to link up with advancing American and Chinese forces. 3387: 4409: 4351: 3287:, at 1130 on the night of 5 June and Saint-Marcel (8–18 June). At this time, there was approximately 100,000 German troops and artillery preparing to move to the Normandy landing areas. Immediately upon landing, 18 Free French went into action near Plumelec against German troops (Vlassov's army). The Free French established a base at Saint-Marcel and began to arm and equip local resistance fighters, operating with up to 3,000 4038: 3841:) commandos, were parachuted into Indian territory. Of the 180 para-commandos dropped, 138, including all officers but one, were captured and safely taken to prisoner of war (POW) camps. Twenty-two were killed, or rather lynched by joint combing teams of villagers armed with sticks, police and even bands of muleteers released by the Army, from the animal transport battalion of the nearby Corps headquarters. 3477: 3207: 2914:

Afrika Korps in Tunisia. A unit of French Algerian infantry, the 3rd Regiment of Zouaves, was present at Youk-les-Bains and awarded the American paratroopers their own regimental crest as a gesture of respect. This badge was awarded to the battalion commander on 15 November 1942 by the 3rd Zouaves' regimental commander, and is worn today by all members of the 509th Infantry.

3291:. However, their base was heavily attacked by a German paratroop division on 18 June, and the men were forced to disperse. Captain Pierre Marienne with 17 of his companions (six paratroopers, eight resistance fighters and three farmers) died a few weeks later in Kerihuel, Plumelec, at dawn of 12 July. The Dingson team was joined by the men who had just completed 3143:(future commander of the 101st Airborne Division), being sent on a personal reconnaissance mission to Rome to assess the prospects of success. His report via radio on September 8 caused the operation to be postponed (and canceled the next day) as troop carriers loaded with two battalions of the 504th PIR were warming up for takeoff. 2952:, with other supporting units), making their first combat jump. Strong winds encountered en route blew the dropping aircraft off course and scattered them widely. The result was that around half the paratroopers failed to make it to their rallying points. The British airborne troops from the 1st Airborne Division were 3084:

been earmarked for combat, the Swing Board selected it as the test formation. The maneuver would additionally provide the 11th Airborne and its individual units with further training, as had occurred several months previously in an earlier large-scale exercise conducted by the 82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions.

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was subordinated directly to the Ministry of Defense of USSR, and was a 'prestige service' in the armed forces of the USSR and Russia to reflect its strategic purpose. Recruits received much more rigorous training and better equipment than ordinary Soviet units. Unlike most airborne forces, which are

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Operation Repulse, which took place in Bastogne on December 23, 24, 26, and 27, 1944, as part of the Battle of the Bulge, glider pilots, although flying directly through enemy fire, were able to land, delivering the badly needed ammunition, gasoline and medical supplies that enabled defenders against

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could rapidly advance in Operation Garden, the land phase. It was a daylight assault, with little initial opposition, and most units achieved high accuracy on drop and landing zones. In the end, after strong German counterattacks, the overall plan failed: the British 1st Airborne Division was all but

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Rivers, in an attempt to outflank German fortifications and penetrate into Germany. The operation was hastily planned and many key planning tasks were inadequately completed. Three complete airborne divisions executed Operation Market, the airborne phase. These were the British 1st Airborne Division,

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gliders. The transport aircraft were divided into four groups, two of which carried paratroopers while the other two towed gliders. Each group took off from a different airfield in the Carolinas. The four groups deployed a total of 4,800 troops in the first wave. Eighty-five percent were delivered to

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This was the last large-scale airborne assault by Hitler and the Germans. The German paratroopers had such a high casualty rate that Hitler forbade any further large-scale airborne attacks. The Allies, on the other hand, were very impressed by the potential of paratroopers, and started to build their

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which was crucial for the Luftwaffe for operations over Norway. In Norway, a company of paratroopers dropped at Oslo's undefended airstrip. Over the course of the morning and early afternoon of April 9, 1940, the Germans flew in sufficient reinforcements to move into the capital in the afternoon, but

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made more parachute jumps than any other military unit in history. While an Allied paratrooper of the Second World War would be considered a "veteran" after one operational jump, an RLI paratrooper could make three operational jumps in a single day, each in a different location, and each preceding a

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The U.S. 11th and 13th Airborne Divisions were held in reserve in the United States until 1944 when the 11th Airborne Division was deployed to the Pacific, but mostly used as ground troops or for smaller airborne operations. The 13th Airborne Division was deployed to France in January 1945 but never

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The Battle of Kolwezi was an airborne operation by French and Belgian airborne forces that took place in May 1978 in Zaire during the Shaba II invasion of Zaire by the Front for the National Liberation of the Congo (FLNC). It aimed at rescuing European and Zairean hostages held by FLNC rebels after

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The unit was assigned to the reactivated 101st Airborne Division and subsequently inactivated as a combat team in 1956 as part of the division's reorganization into the Pentomic structure, which featured battle groups in place of regiments and battalions. The 1st and 3rd Battalions, 187th Infantry,

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provided the medical cover for the operations, dropping an ADS and a surgical team totalling 7 officers and 5 other ranks, treating over 400 battle casualties apart from the civilian casualties that formed the core of their objective as the unit was on a humanitarian mission. The unit was to become

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on February 27, 1942. The key electronic components of the system were dismantled by an English radar mechanic and brought back to Britain for examination so that countermeasures could be devised. The result was a British victory. Of the 120 paratroopers who dropped in the dead of night, there were

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fire from ground defenders, but combat jumps are at low altitude (400–500 ft) and normally carried out a short distance away (or directly on if lightly defended) from the target area at night. Airborne operations are also particularly sensitive to weather conditions, which can be dangerous to

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to form a committee—the Swing Board—composed of air force, parachute, glider infantry and artillery officers, whose arrangements for the maneuver would effectively decide the fate of divisional-sized airborne forces. As the 11th Airborne Division was in reserve in the United States and had not yet

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One week later, after repacking their own chutes, 304 men of the battalion conducted a second combat jump on 15 November 1942 to secure the airfield at Youk-les-Bains near the Tunisian border. From this base, the battalion conducted combined operations with various French forces against the German

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Fireforce counter-insurgency missions were designed to trap and eliminate insurgents before they could flee. The Rhodesian Security Force could react quickly to insurgent ambushes, farm attacks, Observation Post sightings, and could also be called in as reinforcements by trackers or patrols which

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The War also saw the establishment of the first Indian Airborne Special Forces Unit - The Meghdoot Force - which was tasked with operations behind Pakistani Lines. This force is the predecessor to the modern India Para commando (SF) units, and had a major influence on modern Indian Special forces

3186:, was mounted by men drawn from the Folgore and Nembo divisions, operating with British equipment and under British command as No. 1 Italian Special Air Service Regiment. The men dropped in small groups from American C-47s and carried out a successful railway sabotage operation in northern Italy. 2768:

Axis air superiority early in the conflict limited the ability of the Soviets to mount such operations, whilst later in the conflict ongoing shortages of materiel, including silk for parachutes, was also a problem. Nonetheless, the Soviets maintained their doctrinal belief in the effectiveness of

2398:, an airborne assault army corps that consisted of one parachute division and one division of airlanding troops plus the necessary transport capacity. The existence of this formation had been carefully kept secret until then. Two simultaneous airborne operations were launched. German paratroopers 2971:

landed on target, with more than half landing in the sea. Nevertheless, the scattered airborne troops maximised their opportunities, attacking patrols and creating confusion wherever possible. On the night of 11 July, a reinforcement drop of the 82nd, consisting of the 504th Parachute Regimental

2209:. The operation was planned for February 1919 but the war ended before the attack could be seriously planned. Mitchell conceived that US troops could be rapidly trained to utilize parachutes and drop from converted bombers to land behind Metz in synchronisation with a planned infantry offensive. 2592:

Ironically, the battle that ended Germany's paratrooper operations had the opposite effect on the Allies. Convinced of the effectiveness of airborne assaults after Crete, the Allies hurried to train and organize their own airborne units. The British established No.1 Parachute Training School at

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transport aircraft, with another Alouette III helicopter as a command/gunship aircraft and a light attack aircraft in support. One of the advantages of the Fireforce was its flexibility as all that was needed was a reasonable airstrip. It was such a successful tactic that some Rhodesian Light

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have brought increased flexibility, and air assaults have largely been the preferred method of insertion for recent conflicts, but airborne insertion is still maintained as a rapid response capability to get troops on the ground anywhere in the world within hours for a variety of missions.

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The 187th served in six campaigns in Korea. Shortly after the war the 187th ARCT was considered for use in an Airborne drop to relieve the surrounded French garrison at Dien Bien Phu in Vietnam but the United States, at that time, decided not to send its troops into the combat zone.

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The first United States airborne combat mission occurred during Operation Torch in North Africa on 8 November 1942. 531 men of the 2nd Battalion, 509th Parachute Infantry Regiment flew over 1,600 miles (2,600 km) at night from Britain, over Spain, intending to drop near

3245:. The American glider and parachute infantry of the 82nd (Operation Detroit) and 101st Airborne Divisions (Operation Chicago), though widely scattered by poor weather and poorly marked landing zones in the American airborne landings in Normandy, secured the western flank of 2216:

experimented with the concept of carrying troops on the wings of aircraft, with them pulled off by the opening of their parachutes. The first true paratroop drop was by Italy in November 1927. Within a few years, several battalions were raised and eventually formed into two

2248:. To help train enough experienced jumpers, parachute clubs were organized with the aim of transferring into the armed forces if needed. Planning progressed to the point that Corps-size drops were demonstrated to foreign observers, including the British Military Attaché 3833:. The war in 1965 had the largest use of paratrooper forces, and unlike in previous conflicts, they were used in their intended capacity fully (They were not used in the airborne capacity in 1961, and it is unconfirmed in 1947). A covert operation was launched by the 2573: 2928:

As part of Operation Husky, the Allied invasion of the island of Sicily, four airborne operations (two British and two American) were carried out, landing during the nights of July 9 and 10 1943. The American paratroopers were from the 82nd Airborne Division, mainly

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Only 20 para-commandos were unaccounted for and most escaped back to Pakistan under the fog. Most of these were from the Pathankot group, dropped less than 10 km from the border in an area that had plenty of ravines, riverine tracks to navigate back along.

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Britain's first airborne assault took place on February 10, 1941, when 'X' Troop, No 11 Special Air Service Battalion (which was formed from No 2 Commando and subsequently became 1st Battalion, The Parachute Regiment) dropped into southern Italy from converted

2175:: And where is the Prince who can afford so to cover his Country with Troops for its Defense, as that Ten Thousand Men descending from the Clouds, might not in many Places do an infinite deal of Mischief, before a Force could be brought together to repel them? 3979:

made contact with the enemy. It was first deployed in January 1974 and saw its first action a month later on 24 February 1974. By the end of Rhodesian operations with internal peace agreements, Fireforce was a well-developed counterinsurgency tactic.

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and the oilfields surrounding is, on Sumatra from 29 December 1948 to 23 January 1949. From the Indonesian side, the first airborne operation was an airborne-infiltration operation by 14 paratroopers on 17 October 1947, in Kotawaringin, Kalimantan.

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from German occupation. Operation Giant II was a planned drop of one regiment of the U.S. 82nd Airborne Division northwest of Rome, to assist four Italian divisions in seizing the Italian capital. An airborne assault plan to seize crossings of the

3132:, called Operation Giant, was abandoned in favor of the Rome mission. However, doubts about the willingness and capability of Italian forces to cooperate, and the distance of the mission far beyond support by the Allied military, resulted in the 2647:

type operations, or to organize entire airborne divisions for larger operations. Many of the early successful airborne operations were small, carried out by a few units, such as seizing a bridge. After seeing success of other units and observing

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from ships offshore. Both the British and the French accomplished total military victory against the disorganized Egyptian military and local armed civilians but political events forced total retreat of these forces after 48 hours of fighting.

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forbade their use in such operations in the future. He felt that the main strength of the paratroopers was novelty, and now that the British had clearly figured out how to defend against them, there was no real point to using them any more.

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The Soviets mounted only one large-scale airborne operation in World War II, despite their early leadership in the field in the 1930s. Russia also pioneered the development of combat gliders, but used them only for cargo during the war.

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was launched, it would be the largest operation the Allied forces would assemble. During this operation, 845 members of the 2nd Battalion, 503rd Airmen (Airborne), the 319th Artillery (Airborne), and elements of H&H company of the

4857: 2429:, enabled the British to wait on each German drop zone, yet despite compromised secrecy, surviving German paratroops and airlanded mountain troops pushed the Commonwealth forces off the island in part by unexpected fire support from 4103:, or striped shirt, and the famous blue beret. Airborne assault (десантно-штурмовые войска or DShV) units wore similar striped shirts (as did the naval infantry) but used helicopters, rather than the Military Transport Aviation's 2267:

aircraft to train on. The military had already purchased large numbers of Junkers Ju 52s which were slightly modified for use as paratroop transports in addition to their other duties. The first training class was known as

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Executed in the highest battlefield in the world, Meghdoot was the first ever military offensive of its kind. The operation was a success, resulting in Indian forces gaining control of the Siachen Glacier in its entirety.

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needed the element of total surprise to succeed, and all 660 men had to be on the ground at El Gamil airfield and ready for action within four and a half minutes. At 04.15 hours on November 5, 1956, British 3rd Battalion,

3069:, had similar misgivings: once an airborne supporter, he had been greatly disappointed by the performance of airborne units in North Africa and more recently Sicily. However, other high-ranking officers, including the 2910:, and only ten actually delivered their troops by parachute drop. The remainder off-loaded after 28 C-47 troop carriers, short on fuel, landed on the Sebkra d'Oran dry lake, and marched overland to their objectives. 3440:

was a daylight assault conducted by two airborne divisions, the British 6th Airborne Division and the U.S. 17th Airborne Division, both of which were part of the U.S. XVIII Airborne Corps. Conducted as a part of

5057: 3585:, 23 February 1945. The final operation of the division was conducted on 23 June 1945, in conjunction with an advance by U.S. ground forces in northern Luzon. A task force from the 11th was formed and jumped on 3374:, dropped 736 men of the 551st PIB with nearly 100% effectiveness late on the afternoon of August 15. The airborne objective was to capture the area, destroy all enemy positions and hold the ground until the 3158:

as a guide. The next night the 505th PIR was also dropped into the beachhead as reinforcement. In all, 3,500 paratroopers made the most concentrated mass night drop in history, providing the model for the

2229:, they were never used in a parachute drop. Men drawn from the Italian parachute forces were dropped in a special-forces operation in North Africa in 1943 in an attempt to destroy parked aircraft of the 3275:(5–18 June 1944) was conducted by about 178 Free French paratroops of the 4th Special Air Service (SAS), commanded by Colonel Pierre-Louis Bourgoin, who jumped into German-occupied France near Vannes, 3106:

The Knollwood Maneuver took place on the night of 7 December 1943, with the 11th Airborne Division being airlifted to thirteen separate objectives by 200 C-47 Skytrain transport aircraft and 234

3076:, believed otherwise. Marshall persuaded Eisenhower to set up a review board and to withhold judgement until the outcome of a large-scale maneuver, planned for December 1943, could be assessed. 3306:

In Operation Dingson 35A, on 5 August 1944, 10 Waco CG-4A gliders towed by aircraft of 298 Squadron and 644 Squadron transported Free French SAS men and armed jeeps to Brittany near Vannes (

3310:), each glider carrying three Free French troopers and a jeep. One glider was lost with the death of the British pilot. The SAS teams remained behind enemy lines until the Allies arrived. 3398:

Operation Market Garden of September 1944, involved 35,000 airborne troops dropped up to 100 miles (160 km) behind German lines in an attempt to capture a series of bridges over the

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landed in the city while paratroops simultaneously descended on the city. 641 Indonesian paratroopers jumped into Dili, where they engaged in six-hours combat with East Timorese gunmen.

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The world record for operational jumps by an individual soldier is held by Corporal Des Archer of 1 Commando, RLI, who made 73 operational jumps between 1977 and the end of the war.

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also organized airborne units around this time. France became the first nation to organize women in an airborne unit, recruiting 200 nurses who during peacetime would parachute into

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on September 13. However, significant German counterattacks, beginning on September 12, resulted in a shrinking of the American perimeter and threatened destruction of the Salerno

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of the Indian Army fought in numerous contacts in both the Eastern and Western Theatres. On 11 December, India airdropped the 2nd battalion (2 Para) in what is now famous as the

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the longest-serving military unit in any UN operation till date, serving from October 1950 till May 1953, a total of three and a half years, returning home to a heroes' welcome.

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has labelled the operation both costly and unnecessary, writing that "Operation Varsity was a folly for which more than a thousand men paid for with their lives ..."

4257:. As they were already in the air to be deployed over the target, Cédras finally stepped down from his rule in part due to the diplomatic efforts led by former President 5049: 3574: 3100: 4361: 3238: 2826:) mounted a night parachute insertion onto two drop zones in Bir Temrad, North Africa on the night of November 16/17 1941 in preparation for a stealthy attack on the 2383:

on the morning of May 10, 1940, and disabled the majority of its artillery. The fort held on for another day before surrendering. This opened up Belgium to attack by

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Major & Mrs Holt's pocket battlefield guide to Ypres & Passchendaele : 1st Ypres; 2nd Ypres (Gas Attack); 3rd Ypres (Passchendaele) 4th Ypres (The Lys)

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reviewed the airborne role in Operation Husky and concluded that large-scale formations were too difficult to control in combat to be practical. Lieutenant General

3362:. Once they had captured their initial targets, they were reinforced by 2,600 soldiers and critical equipment carried in 408 gliders daylight missions code-named 4965: 2536:

in February 1942. Japanese airborne units suffered heavy casualties during the Dutch East Indies campaign, and were rarely used as parachute troops afterward.

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Italy agreed to an armistice with the Allies on September 3, 1943, with the stipulation that the Allies would provide military support to Italy in defending

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and capture two airfields. Navigation errors, communications problems, and bad weather scattered the forces. Seven of the 39 C-47s landed far from Oran from

2491: 5640: 2892: 2781:). It was unsuccessful. Airborne formations were used as elite infantry units however, and played a critical role in several battles. For example, at the 4242: 3869:. The paratroop unit was instrumental in denying the retreat and regrouping of the Pakistani Army and contributed substantially to the early collapse of 2748:

was the principal force in Operation Dragoon in Southern France. The 17th Airborne Division deployed to England in 1944 but did not see combat until the

3252: 83: 2973: 3103:. The entire operation was observed by McNair, who would ultimately have a significant say in deciding the fate of the parachute infantry divisions. 3412: 3070: 1007: 5569: 5578: 4870: 3683: 3513: 3489: 3214: 3099:. The force defending the airfield and its environs was a combat team composed of elements of the 17th Airborne Division and a battalion from the 3038:

before they reached their target. Only 295 officers and men were dropped close enough to carry out the assault. They captured the bridge, but the

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The Allies had learned better tactics and logistics from their earlier airborne drops, and these lessons were applied for the assaults along the

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on 3 February 1945, meeting no resistance at the drop zone. Elements of the division also jumped to liberate 2,000 Allied civilians interned at

2406:, hoping to seize the Dutch government. From one of these airfields, they were driven out after the first wave of reinforcements, brought in by 5587: 3798: 3555: 3335: 3160: 3019: 2996: 2949: 2745: 2676: 2672: 2668: 2664: 2637: 2788:

The Soviets sent at least one team of observers to the British and American airborne planning for D-Day, but did not reciprocate the liaison.

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On 28 March 2003, 3rd Battalion employed the first airborne assault in Iraq to seize Objective Serpent in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom.

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Despite a catastrophic loss of gliders and troops loads at sea, the British 1st Airlanding Brigade captured the Ponte Grande bridge south of

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is a variant of the tactic of vertical envelopment of a target by helicopter-borne and small groups of parachute infantry developed by the

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forces delivered airborne troops by helicopter and air drop. The use of helicopter-borne airmobile troops by the United States Army in the

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site on the coast of France was attacked by a company of 120 British paratroopers from 2 Battalion, Parachute Regiment, commanded by Major

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on June 6, 1944. The task of the airborne forces was to secure the flanks and approaches of the landing beaches in Normandy. The British

2785:, the Guards Airborne defended the eastern shoulder of the southern penetration and was critical to holding back the German penetration. 4208: 3794: 3586: 3167:, to disrupt German motorized movements, was badly dispersed and failed to destroy the bridge before the Germans withdrew to the north. 3049:

The Allied commanders were forced to reassess the use of airborne forces after the many misdrops and the deadly friendly fire incident.

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successful contact with the enemy. Between 1976 and 1980, over 14,000 jumps were recorded by the Rhodesian Security Forces as a whole.

3698:, North Korea. The missions of the 187th were to cut the road north going to China, preventing North Korean leaders from escaping from 3567: 2945: 4960: 4597: 4467: 4449: 3415:. All units were landed or dropped at various points along Highway 69 ("Hell's Highway") in order to create a "carpet" over which the 3339: 2714: 2335:, the Luftwaffe dropped paratroopers on several locations. In Denmark, a small unit dropped on the Masnedøfort on the small island of 2312:

Several groups within the German armed forces attempted to raise their own paratroop formations, resulting in confusion. As a result,

1985: 1763: 378: 5771: 4688: 4545: 4391: 3900: 3890: 3343: 3182:, took place. However the Italian troops were not dropped as a unit, but as a series of small (8–10 man) groups. Another operation, 3137: 2855: 2688: 2249: 1439: 4445: 2323: 4938: 4643: 4234:, the 2nd and 3rd(-) Ranger Battalions, along with the 75th Ranger Regiment regimental headquarters, conducted a combat jump onto 4472: 4215: 3261: 3133: 2729: 2577: 2499: 1517: 5101: 4666: 3225:

One of the most famous of airborne operations was Operation Neptune, the assault of Normandy, part of Operation Overlord of the

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Fireforce was an operational assault or response usually composed of a first wave of 32 soldiers carried to the scene by three

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The main advantage of airborne forces is their ability to be deployed into combat zones without a land passage, as long as the

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they conquered the city of Kolwezi. The operation succeeded with the liberation of the hostages and light military casualties.

2995:. Before the German counterattack, the beach landings took place unopposed and the 1st Airlanding Brigade was relieved by the 4620: 3721: 3621: 3319: 3154:. As a result, Giant I was cancelled and the 504th PIR instead dropped into the beachhead on the night of September 13 using 2633: 2629: 2213: 1626: 5188: 3636:, the Peruvian army established its own paratrooper unit and used it to great effect by seizing the Ecuadorian port city of 2521: 5000: 4321:

in northwest Pakistan, to seize control of strategic mountain areas in order to support special forces and infantry troops.

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Elements of 1st Bn, 508th Infantry parachuting onto a drop zone, outside of Panama City in support of Operation Just Cause.

2632:. The Indian airborne forces expanded during the war to the point that an airborne corps was planned bringing together the 5761: 4231: 4219: 2703: 2230: 2218: 2043: 1490: 30: 4572: 4310: 3195: 3027: 1980: 444: 5079: 3633: 3346:, and supporting units. Nearly 400 aircraft delivered 5,600 paratroopers and 150 guns to three drops zones surrounding 3010:

On the evening of July 13, 1943, more than 112 aircraft carrying 1,856 men and 16 gliders with 77 artillerymen and ten

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were also dropped by air, the only time this capability was used in combat. At the same time as the combat jump onto

3616:, an ad hoc parachute battalion group made up of personnel from the 153 and 154 (Gurkha) Parachute Battalions of the 2430: 2090:; a sizeable force can appear "out of the sky" behind enemy lines in merely hours if not minutes, an action known as 5626: 4477: 4265: 4246: 4172: 3862: 3830: 3789: 3416: 3375: 2961: 2710: 1454: 4093:

The VDV have participated in virtually all Soviet and Russian conflicts since the Second World War, including the

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and a small command and control element from the regimental headquarters of the 75th Ranger Regiment jumped into

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the U.S. 82nd Airborne Division made its first combat jump in over 40 years. The 1st Brigade of the 82nd secured

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taken prisoner around The Hague, were shipped to England just before the capitulation of the Dutch armed forces.

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and local Vietnamese units took part in numerous operations which were to culminate in the disastrous siege of

3129: 2964: 2930: 2015: 1882: 1429: 1122: 940: 788: 4226:. The jump followed the 1st Ranger Battalion(+) of the 75th Ranger Regiment's combat jump onto the airfield. 3547:

The honors for recapturing the Rock went to the 503rd Parachute Regimental Combat Team of Lieutenant Colonel

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in June 1944. An additional drop on the night of September 14–15 of the 509th PIB to destroy a key bridge at

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in January 1945 where they, along with the 82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions were deployed as ground troops.

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Airborne forces typically lack enough supplies for prolonged combat and so they are used for establishing an

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which had been authorised to raise an airborne-capable formation earlier, resulting in the formation of the

2332: 2116: 1968: 1950: 1706: 1265: 1187: 1132: 730: 393: 34: 5072:"Sky Soldiers of the 173d Airborne Brigade in Iraq during Operation Iraqi Freedom March 2003-February 2004" 3573:

The U.S. Army's 11th Airborne Division saw a great deal of action in the Philippines as a ground unit. The

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from house arrest with very few shots being fired. On May 25, 1944, paratroopers were dropped as part of a

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Airborne Armour: Tetrarch, Locust, Hamilcar and the 6th Airborne Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment, 1938–50

4325: 4254: 4144:"Operation Cloud Messenger"), launched in the early hours of 13 April 1984, was the codename given to the 3940: 3654: 2680: 2606: 2487: 2477: 2433:, though seaborne reinforcements were destroyed by the Royal Navy. However, the losses were so great that 1835: 1810: 1532: 1444: 1317: 1192: 793: 770: 216: 115: 4914: 4094: 3359: 2656:

of the U.S. Army established the Army's first airborne division. The 101st would be reorganized into the

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jumped in and although opposition was heavy, casualties were few. Meanwhile, French paratroopers of the

3782: 3750: 3521: 3501: 3386: 3288: 3178:-style airborne drop aimed at disrupting German rear area communications and movement over key areas in 1424: 1357: 1310: 964: 927: 890: 808: 760: 644: 454: 262: 171: 5395:

It Never Snows In September – The German View Of MARKET-GARDEN And The Battle Of Arnhem, September 1944

4881: 2259:, was particularly interested. In 1936, Major F. W. Immans was ordered to set up a parachute school at 5050:"A NATION AT WAR: NORTHERN IRAQ; With Smaller Operation Than First Planned, U.S. Opens Northern Front" 3801:

under the command of Colonel Chateau-Jobert jumped on the water treatment factory South of Port Said.

3733:

bearing the lineages of the former Co A and Co C, 187AIR, are now with the 101st Airborne Division as

3371: 3183: 3146:

With Giant II cancelled, Operation Giant I was reactivated to drop two battalions of the 504th PIR at

4373: 4269: 4204: 3691: 3669:

on 19 and 20 December 1948. The second combat jump happened during Operation Ekster: the capture of

3640:, on July 27, 1941, marking the first time in the Americas that airborne troops were used in combat. 3582: 3242: 3210: 3058: 2699: 2426: 2399: 2183:

who proposed the creation of an airborne force to assault behind the German lines in 1917 during the

2160: 1815: 1717: 1574: 1569: 1387: 1352: 1087: 907: 765: 701: 555: 525: 122: 3804:

The landings from the sea the next day saw the first large-scale heliborne assault, as 45 Commando,

3249:

with heavy casualties. All together, airborne casualties in Normandy on D-Day totaled around 2,300.

5409:

Hell's Highway – A Chronicle Of The 101st Airborne In The Holland Campaign, September–November 1944

4200: 4149: 3323: 2839: 2749: 2529: 2441:

One notable exception was the use of airborne forces in special operations. On September 12, 1943,

2384: 2379:. In Belgium, a small group of German glider-borne troops landed on top of the Belgian fortress of 2340: 1666: 1651: 1527: 1414: 1392: 1367: 1327: 1237: 1047: 952: 902: 669: 659: 624: 416: 406: 176: 100: 5451:

Four Stars of Valour: The Combat History of the 505th Parachute Infantry Regiment in World War II

5155: 4970: 4501: 4227: 4180:

With the advantages of helicopter use, airborne forces have dwindled in numbers in recent years.

4132: 4022: 4006: 4000: 3972: 3931:

was widespread, and became an iconic image featuring in newsreels and movies about the conflict.

3714: 3606: 3552: 3536: 3454: 3363: 3066: 3031: 3026:, was to capture the Primosole bridge and the high ground around it, providing a pathway for the 2985: 2968: 2835: 2811: 2778: 2737: 2695: 2621: 2466: 2450: 2112: 2087: 2000: 1855: 1775: 1696: 1641: 1616: 1537: 1483: 1449: 1380: 1297: 1207: 1112: 1057: 947: 912: 865: 740: 711: 664: 602: 577: 411: 225: 144: 5132: 3657:

made two combat jumps during the Indonesian War of Independence. The first jump was as part of

3516:

and elements of the Australian Army's 2/4th Field Regiment made a highly successful, unopposed

2822:

54 effectives of 'L' Detachment, Special Air Service Brigade (largely drawn from the disbanded

5649: 5006: 4716: 4684: 4541: 4318: 4295: 4145: 3826: 3746: 3637: 3559: 3517: 3442: 3437: 3327: 3296: 3272: 3230: 3226: 3171: 3140: 3015: 2851: 2585: 2195: 2191: 2180: 2172: 2156: 2086:

is accessible. Formations of airborne forces are limited only by the number and size of their

2036: 1945: 1892: 1795: 1785: 1780: 1750: 1733: 1728: 1701: 1646: 1347: 1337: 1332: 1322: 1242: 1232: 1227: 1202: 1172: 1062: 1032: 1027: 1017: 1012: 1002: 917: 870: 840: 679: 472: 449: 383: 49: 5147: 4235: 4189: 4157: 3920: 3703: 3532: 3292: 3080: 3062: 2992: 2859: 2827: 2509: 2454: 2360: 2352: 2292: 2241: 2010: 1975: 1907: 1800: 1738: 1631: 1559: 1552: 1409: 1342: 1292: 1282: 1157: 1077: 1037: 1022: 989: 974: 845: 830: 783: 691: 649: 592: 587: 545: 368: 345: 252: 181: 110: 93: 5444:

All American, All the Way: The Combat History Of The 82nd Airborne Division In World War II

4974: 5725: 5705: 5700: 5603: 4589: 4299: 4153: 3896: 3866: 3658: 3590: 3548: 3528: 3446: 3234: 3073: 3023: 2953: 2877: 2782: 2770: 2725: 2706: 2562:. The force destroyed some planes and inflicted casualties, but was eventually wiped out. 2517: 2462: 2446: 2422: 2372: 2368: 2164: 1820: 1805: 1723: 1679: 1621: 1277: 1272: 1162: 1152: 1067: 1042: 984: 825: 755: 745: 684: 597: 582: 477: 277: 257: 105: 45: 4250: 3745:

The French used paratroopers extensively during their 1946-54 war against the Viet Minh.

2643:

A fundamental decision was whether to create small airborne units to be used in specific

4241:

On September 16, 1994, elements of the U.S. 82nd Airborne Division planned to jump into

2984:

casualties when, despite forewarnings, Allied anti-aircraft fire both ashore and aboard

5735: 4853: 4087: 3834: 3666: 3613: 3578: 3484:

transport planes, silhouetted against clouds of smoke created to provide cover, drop a

3445:, the operation took place on 24 March 1945 in aid of an attempt by the Anglo-Canadian 3367: 3300: 3265: 3179: 3096: 2933: 2728:

in North Africa. The U.S. 82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions saw the most action in the

2653: 2547: 2482: 2390:

The Dutch were exposed to the first large scale airborne attack in history. During the

2371:

Storch light reconnaissance planes on the bridges immediately to the south of the 10th

2364: 2280: 2198: 2060: 2005: 1995: 1743: 1167: 1127: 1105: 1092: 1082: 1052: 969: 922: 725: 716: 607: 560: 540: 530: 500: 467: 355: 312: 267: 139: 72: 5033:

Jones, Robert W. Jr. (2005). "The jump at Objective Serpent: 3/75th Rangers in Iraq".

4635: 4408: 3233:

and paratroopers of the 6th Airborne Division, which secured the eastern flank during

2171:

Five Thousand Balloons capable of raising two Men each, would not cost more than Five

5750: 5159: 4306: 4083: 3991:

Infantry soldiers reputedly made as many as three parachute combat jumps in one day.

3821:

Paratroopers were used in combat in South Asia after the Second World War during the

3805: 3766: 3754: 3481: 3307: 3035: 2981: 2458: 2442: 2407: 2264: 2105:

have also been modified for paradropping with infantry to provide heavier firepower.

1842: 1830: 1686: 1606: 1522: 1505: 1362: 1217: 1197: 880: 875: 855: 835: 750: 721: 696: 572: 550: 535: 510: 350: 272: 235: 230: 127: 4658: 4037: 5720: 5680: 4462: 4258: 3983: 3770: 3717:. The mission was to get behind Chinese forces and block their movement north. The 3457: 3403: 3087:

The 11th Airborne, as the attacking force, was assigned the objective of capturing

2644: 2581: 2565:

Japan built a combat strike force of 825 gliders but never committed it to battle.

2434: 2317: 2256: 2237: 2226: 2188: 2144: 2029: 1955: 1935: 1930: 1825: 1770: 1404: 1399: 1222: 1137: 885: 619: 520: 317: 221: 2663:

The Allies eventually formed two British and five American divisions: the British

2240:

was also experimenting with the idea, planning to drop entire units complete with

5311:

Raising Churchill's Army – The British Army And The War Against Germany 1919–1945

5225:

Utah Beach: The Amphibious Landing and Airborne Operations on D-Day, June 6, 1944

4612: 4535: 3873:

via covert operations. The regiment earned the battle honours of Poongli Bridge,

3837:

with the intention of infiltrating Indian airbases and sabotaging them. The SSG (

2128:, and so extensive planning is critical to the success of an airborne operation. 17: 5730: 5690: 5685: 5416:

Birth of a Regiment: The 504th Parachute Infantry Regiment in Sicily and Salerno

5274:

Paratrooper – The Saga Of Parachute And Glider Combat Troops During World War II

5267:

Pamphlet No. 20-232, Historical Study – Airborne Operations – A German Appraisal

5184: 5151: 4046: 3928: 3734: 3718: 3617: 3476: 3450: 3399: 3155: 2810:

and demolished a span of the aqueduct near Tragino in a daring night raid named

2649: 2602: 2594: 2559: 2473: 2320:

was put in overall command of developing a paratrooper force to be known as the

2184: 2076: 1940: 1691: 1656: 1495: 1182: 1147: 860: 803: 706: 490: 211: 206: 37: 5282:

When Failure Thrives: Institutions and the Evolution of Postwar Airborne Forces

4735:

USAF Historical Study No. 74: Airborne Missions in the Mediterranean, 1942–1945

3206: 4279:

On March 23, 2003, 3/75 Ranger Regiment conducted a combat jump into northern

4099: 4097:. As an elite force, the VDV developed two distinctive items of clothing: the 3774: 3687: 3497: 3107: 2598: 2380: 2336: 2245: 2159:

envisioned the danger of airborne attack in 1784, only a few months after the

2136: 2108: 1897: 1867: 1589: 958: 3620:

secured Japanese coastal defences, which enabled the seaborne assault by the

2834:

in order to destroy the Axis fighter force on the ground before the start of

2620:, in October/November 1941, at the then-Welllingdon Airport (now the defunct 5665: 5071: 3968: 3952: 3809: 3710: 3699: 3485: 3257: 3151: 3011: 2903: 2613: 2403: 2313: 2296: 2276: 2140: 2125: 2101:

to bring in larger forces before carrying out other combat objectives. Some

1887: 1711: 1661: 1611: 1601: 1596: 1461: 1252: 1247: 1212: 654: 340: 307: 196: 4720: 3562:. The U.S. 503rd Parachute Infantry Regiment's most famous operation was a 3351: 5583:— "Operation Varsity: Allied Airborne Assault Over the Rhine River" (1998) 4053:

The Soviet Union maintained the world's largest airborne force during the

3420:

destroyed at Arnhem, and the final Rhine bridge remained in German hands.

2773:, throughout the war. The largest drop during the war was corp-sized (the 5528:

American Eagles – The 101st Airborne's Assault On Fortress Europe 1944/45

5437:

By Air To Battle – The Official Account Of The British Airborne Divisions

4333: 4273: 4079: 4054: 4014: 3602: 3284: 3280: 3276: 3175: 3164: 3125: 2976:

and Company 'A' of the 307th Airborne Engineer Battalion), under Colonel

2823: 2513: 2376: 2120: 2119:. Their necessarily-slow descent causes paratroopers to be vulnerable to 2083: 2072: 1902: 1877: 1510: 1142: 1117: 735: 290: 164: 4502:"Founders Online: From Benjamin Franklin to Ingenhousz, 16 January 1784" 4444: 5710: 5695: 4223: 4185: 3874: 3695: 3662: 3004: 3000: 2907: 2551: 2533: 2348: 2344: 2260: 2098: 2068: 2064: 1912: 1872: 1636: 1470: 1466: 813: 798: 674: 335: 330: 300: 239: 201: 27:

Military units set up to be moved by aircraft and "dropped" into battle

4057:, consisting of seven airborne divisions and a training division. The 2988:

ships shot down 23 of the transports as they flew over the beachhead.

4018: 3524:. This was the first Allied airborne assault in the Pacific Theater. 3493: 3355: 3347: 2831: 2288: 2284: 1419: 820: 637: 373: 5618: 5608: 5592:— "101st Airborne Division Participate in Operation Overlord" (2004) 5564: 4843:

Hastings, Max, 'Armageddon: The Battle For Germany 1944–1945', p.431

3330:, the invasion of Southern France, with a dawn assault. Called the " 2071:

into battle zones, typically by parachute drop. Parachute-qualified

4123:

The Soviets maintained three glider infantry regiments until 1965.

3504:. A battalion dropped minutes earlier is landing in the foreground. 3468:

The following airborne operations against the Japanese are famous.

3429:

the German offensive to persevere and secure the ultimate victory.

2652:

training methods on how training can be done in June 1940, General

4443: 4171: 4112: 4108: 4104: 4075: 4067: 4042: 4036: 4010: 3870: 3670: 3475: 3407: 3385: 3251: 3205: 3147: 2807: 2617: 2572: 2555: 2075:

and support personnel serving in airborne units are also known as

895: 431: 426: 29: 5559: 4636:"The Japanese Invasion of Dutch West Timor Island, February 1942" 4524:. Military Service Publishing Company; Harrisburg, 1943: pp.v–ix. 3709:

The second combat jump was made on Wednesday, March 21, 1951, at

3046:

of the Eighth Army, which re-took the bridge at dawn on 16 July.

5715: 5670: 4329: 4280: 4029:, it was the South African Army's first major airborne assault. 3987: 3924: 3904: 3624:

to attain its objectives with a minimum of casualties and time.

3120: 2899: 2206: 2132: 191: 186: 5622: 5535:"Bounce The Rhine" – The Greatest Airborne Operation In History 5037:(Winter). United States Army Special Operations Command: 52–54. 4590:"The Japanese paratroopers in the Dutch East Indies, 1941–1942" 3322:

provisional airborne division, commanded by U.S. Major General

3042:

recaptured it. They held the high ground until relieved by the

5374:

Out Of The Blue – U.S Army Airborne Operations In World War II

5239:

Ridgway's Paratroopers – The American Airborne In World War II

5185:"Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941–1942" 4403: 4344: 4021:

on 4 May 1978. Conducted as one of the three major actions of

3492:

and elements of the Australian Army's 2/4th Field Regiment at

3334:", the force was composed of the 1st Special Services Forces, 3079:

McNair ordered 11th Airborne Division commander Major general

2980:, behind American lines at Farello airfield resulted in heavy 2967:, and they fared little better. Only 12 out of 137 gliders in 64: 5493:

Operation Plunder – The British & Canadian Rhine Crossing

5486:

The Red Beret – The Story Of The Parachute Regiment 1940–1945

4286:

On March 26, 2003, the U.S. 173rd Airborne Brigade conducted

5596: 5507:

Airborne To Battle – A History Of Airborne Warfare 1918–1971

4663:

Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941–1942

4640:

Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941–1942

4617:

Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941–1942

4594:

Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941–1942

3338:, the 517th Parachute Regimental Combat Team, the 509th and 5565:

AirborneSappers.org: Airborne Engineers Association website

5133:"The development of airborne warfare tactics (1935 – 2020)" 4737:(1953) Air Force Historical research Agency (AFHRA), p. 40. 4700:

The Soviet Military Encyclopedic Dictionary (1983), p. 174.

3411:

the U.S. 82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions, as well as the

4681:

Soviet military operational art: in pursuit of deep battle

4184:

On July 20, 1974, several landings took place at north of

2225:

divisions. Although they later fought with distinction in

5609:

Pathfindergroupuk.com: Pathfinder Parachute Group website

5555:

Nga-airborne-assoc.org: NGA Airborne Association website

5458:

The Red Devils – The Story Of The British Airborne Forces

4115:, which carried the airborne troops and their equipment. 3690:. The first combat jump was made on October 20, 1950, at 2972:

Combat Team (composed of the 1st and 2nd Battalions, the

2421:

greatest victory and greatest losses occurred during the

2351:. A paratroop detachment also dropped at the airfield of 4309:'s paratroopers conducted combat jump operations during 3686:("Rakkasans") made two combat jumps in Korea during the 5472:

The Rhine Crossing – 9th US Army & 17th US Airborne

5297:

Airborne – A Combat History Of American Airborne Forces

4420: 4369: 4253:, and to restore the democratically elected president, 2687:. By 1944, the British divisions were grouped into the 5521:

Assault From The Sky – The History Of Airborne Warfare

4452:. Wings are a symbol commonly worn by airborne forces. 4249:, an effort to overthrow the military dictatorship of 2299:

who would be a uniformed medical unit during wartime.

3366:, phase 2, simultaneous with the beach landings, and 4082:

self-propelled 120 mm gun-howitzer-mortars and

2394:, the Germans threw into battle almost their entire 5035:

Veritas: Journal of Army Special Operations History

4294:, to seize an airfield and support special forces ( 3769:, on October 29, 1956, Israeli paratroopers led by 3390:Waves of paratroops land in the Netherlands during 2818:

Operation Squatter: Raid on Axis airfields in Libya

2252:, in the Kiev military district maneuvers of 1935. 5574:— "Airborne Operations During World War II" (2004) 4540:. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military. p. 35. 4324:In January 2013, 250 French paratroopers from the 2272:. They commenced the first course on May 3, 1936. 2179:An early modern operation was first envisioned by 5381:"Over The Rhine" – The Last Days Of War In Europe 5102:"French-led operation looks north after Timbuktu" 5002:Fighting Elites: A History of U.S. Special Forces 3605:, operated behind Japanese lines during 1944. In 2640:, but the war ended before it could materialize. 2539:On 6 December 1944, a 750-strong detachment from 2498:. They used paratroops in several battles in the 5232:101st Airborne: The Screaming Eagles at Normandy 3761:Suez crisis: Operations Machbesh & Musketeer 3661:: the capture of Yogyakarta, and the capture of 3239:capture of the Caen canal and Orne river bridges 2797:Operation Colossus: Raid on the Tragino Aqueduct 2356:by that time the Norwegian government had fled. 4332:to support an offensive to capture the city of 4062:a light infantry force, VDV has evolved into a 2169: 5048:Schmitt, Eric; Rohde, David (March 27, 2003). 4066:parachute-deployed force thanks to its use of 4005:During the War in Angola, paratroopers of the 2331:During the invasions of Norway and Denmark in 48:aircraft during water rescue training off the 5634: 5339:Para! – Fifty Years Of The Parachute Regiment 4966:United States Army Special Operations Command 4358:The examples and perspective in this section 3370:, phase 3. A second daylight parachute drop, 2769:airborne forces, as part of their concept of 2720:The first U.S. airborne operation was by the 2037: 8: 4821: 4819: 4817: 4815: 4013:(SWAPO) military base at the former town of 3785:'s first and largest combat parachute drop. 2447:glider-based assault on the Gran Sasso Hotel 2321: 5500:The airborne troops during the World War II 5327:, Macdonald & Co (Publishers) Ltd, 1974 5260:The Penguin History of the Second World War 5177:Armageddon – The Battle For Germany 1944–45 4852:The paratroopers were dropped from Italian 4141: 3527:In July 1944, the 503rd jumped again, onto 3382:Operation Market Garden: "A Bridge Too Far" 2893:British airborne operations in North Africa 2863:two killed, six wounded, and six captured. 5641: 5627: 5619: 5423:The History of the 101st Airborne Division 4713:With the 6th Airborne Division in Normandy 4376:, or create a new section, as appropriate. 3566:("The Rock") in February 1945, during the 3318:On August 15, 1944, airborne units of the 2584:talking to paratroopers in preparation of 2508:airborne troops were first dropped at the 2044: 2030: 54: 5523:, David & Charles Publisher plc, 1988 5502:, Military Publishing House Romania, 2006 5346:Wings Of War – Airborne Warfare 1918–1945 5299:, The Random House Publishing Group, 2002 4659:"The battle for Palembang, February 1942" 4392:Learn how and when to remove this message 3336:British 2nd Independent Parachute Brigade 3213:speaks with American paratroopers of the 2950:456th Parachute Field Artillery Battalion 2667:and 6th Airborne Divisions, and the U.S. 2263:(Borstel), and was allocated a number of 5218:Forgotten Voices Of The Second World War 5060:from the original on September 14, 2017. 3424:Operation Repulse: re-supply of Bastogne 3413:Polish 1st Independent Parachute Brigade 2940:(consisting of the 3rd Battalion of the 2612:An Airlanding School was also set up in 2469:and later postwar leader of Yugoslavia. 1008:List of military strategies and concepts 5439:, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1945 4493: 4011:South West Africa People's Organization 3777:to cut off and engage Egyptian forces. 2425:. Signals intelligence, in the form of 2375:'s route of march through the southern 62: 3943:made the only combat jump in Vietnam. 3799:2nd Marine Infantry Parachute Regiment 3161:American airborne landings in Normandy 3053:Swing Board and the Knollwood Maneuver 2938:505th Parachute Regimental Combat Team 2746:517th Parachute Regimental Combat Team 4554:from the original on 12 December 2017 3684:187th Airborne Regimental Combat Team 3558:, the same units which undertook the 3433:Operation Varsity: The Rhine Crossing 3044:50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division 7: 5112:from the original on 29 January 2013 3601:A large British force, known as the 3577:made the division's first jump near 3014:guns, took off from North Africa in 2601:, which trained all 60,000 European 2550:unit, attacked U.S. airbases in the 5509:, William Kimber & Co Ltd, 1971 5082:from the original on 22 August 2017 4860:by General Alberto Thorndike Elmore 4440:NATO Tactical Air Doctrine ATP-33 B 4232:Omar Torrijos International Airport 4220:Omar Torrijos International Airport 4209:Point Salines International Airport 3903:. Following a naval bombardment of 3340:551st Parachute Infantry Battalions 3260:inspects men of the 7th Battalion, 2846:Operation Biting: The Bruneval raid 2201:suggested dropping elements of the 2115:protects parachutists in distress, 4613:"The Fall of Menado, January 1942" 4534:Holt, Tonie; Holt, Valmai (2006). 4468:High-altitude military parachuting 4298:). The paratroopers departed from 3314:Operation Dragoon: Southern France 3295:. Dingson was conducted alongside 2722:509th Parachute Infantry Battalion 25: 5597:Theparas.co.uk: The Paras website 5430:Arnhem 1944 – The Airborne Battle 5425:, Turner Publishing Company, 2005 5348:, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2005 5255:. Tempus Publishing Limited, 2004 5248:. Tempus Publishing Limited, 2004 3891:Indonesian Invasion of East Timor 3885:Indonesian Invasion of East Timor 3853:Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971 3575:511th Parachute Infantry Regiment 3514:503rd Parachute Infantry Regiment 3344:550th Airborne Infantry Battalion 3215:502nd Parachute Infantry Regiment 3101:541st Parachute Infantry Regiment 3089:Knollwood Army Auxiliary Airfield 2946:307th Airborne Engineer Battalion 5613:WWII parachute jump reenactments 5495:, Pen & Sword Military, 2006 5474:, Pen & Sword Military, 2006 5446:, Motorbooks International, 2005 5397:, Ian Allan Publishing Ltd, 2004 5234:. Motorbooks International, 2001 5191:from the original on 2011-07-26. 4669:from the original on 2015-07-09. 4646:from the original on 2013-09-25. 4623:from the original on 2012-12-02. 4600:from the original on 2015-07-08. 4473:List of airborne artillery units 4407: 4349: 4264:On October 19, 2001, as part of 3827:Indian Annexation of Goa in 1961 3264:, 1st Airborne Division, in the 2624:) to train paratroopers for the 82: 5402:D-Day With The Screaming Eagles 5376:, Purdue University Press, 1998 5313:, Oxford University Press, 2000 5131:Hegedûs, Ernõ (February 2021). 4588:Donaldson, Graham (1999–2000). 4290:into northern Iraq, during the 3568:Philippines campaign of 1944–45 3221:on the evening of June 5, 1944. 2974:376th Parachute Field Artillery 2736:and Italy in 1943, and both in 2516:in January 1942, and then near 5269:, 1951, Department Of The Army 5108:. FRANCE 24. 29 January 2013. 4961:"75th Ranger Regiment History" 4261:, averting the entire mission. 4156:in Kashmir, precipitating the 3899:used airborne troops in their 3808:were landed by helicopters in 3722:60th Parachute Field Ambulance 3649:Indonesian War of Independence 3551:and elements of Major General 3237:. This operation included the 2255:One of the observing parties, 2214:United States Army Air Service 1: 5581:World War II History Magazine 5572:World War II History Magazine 5484:Saunders, Hilary St. George, 4999:Fredricksen, John C. (2011). 4520:Reproduced in Blunt, Victor, 3622:26th Indian Infantry Division 3262:King's Own Scottish Borderers 3040:German 4th Parachute Regiment 3020:British 1st Parachute Brigade 2997:British 5th Infantry Division 2887:Operation Torch: North Africa 2724:in November 1942, as part of 2638:British 6th Airborne Division 2630:50th Indian Parachute Brigade 2543:("Raiding Division") and the 2486:("Raiding Brigades") and the 2231:United States Army Air Forces 5332:Arnhem – A Tragedy Of Errors 5306:, Helion & Company, 2004 4715:. London (UK): Sampson Low. 4311:Operation Black Thunderstorm 3490:U.S. 503d Parachute Regiment 3018:. The initial target of the 2709:. Both corps fell under the 2634:2nd Indian Airborne Division 2236:At about the same time, the 5560:ArmyParatrooper.org website 5152:10.17047/HADTUD.2021.31.2.3 4939:"'A Different Kind of War'" 4683:, Frank Cass, London, 1991 4573:"Parachute Jumping Nurses." 4372:, discuss the issue on the 4283:to seize a desert airfield. 4247:Operation Restore Democracy 3901:1975 invasion of East Timor 3773:dropped onto the important 3065:, the overall commander of 2999:as it swept inland towards 2838:, a major offensive by the 2392:invasion of the Netherlands 1501:Military–industrial complex 980:Operational manoeuvre group 42:720th Special Tactics Group 5788: 5590:Military History Quarterly 5530:, Eskdale Publishing, 2001 5488:, Michael Joseph Ltd, 1954 5418:, Permuted Press LLC, 2022 5253:D-Day – The First 72 Hours 5227:. Stackpole Books US, 2006 4478:List of paratrooper forces 4266:Operation Enduring Freedom 4130: 3998: 3995:Angolan Bush War: Cassinga 3950: 3909:Indonesian seaborne troops 3888: 3881:—during these operations. 3831:Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 3817:Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 3156:transponding radar beacons 2921: 2890: 2875: 2711:First Allied Airborne Army 2500:Dutch East Indies campaign 2270:Ausbildungskommando Immans 2124:both the paratroopers and 2103:infantry fighting vehicles 5656: 5435:Ministry Of Information, 5362:, B.T. Batsford Ltd, 1998 5262:, Penguin Books Ltd, 1999 5005:. ABC-CLIO. p. 247. 4302:, Italy on fifteen C-17s. 3859:Bangladesh Liberation War 3823:Indo-Pakistan War of 1947 3702:; and to rescue American 3560:capture of Mindoro island 3231:glider transported troops 2924:Allied invasion of Sicily 2775:Vyazma airborne Operation 2400:landed at three airfields 2275:Other nations, including 2205:behind German lines near 1565:Loss-of-strength gradient 422:Combat information center 5772:Types of military forces 5265:Department Of The Army, 5251:Buckingham, William F., 5244:Buckingham, William F., 4027:South African Border War 3973:Rhodesian Security Force 3959:Rhodesian Light Infantry 3713:, South Korea codenamed 3241:, and the attack on the 3130:Allied invasion of Italy 2883:own airborne divisions. 2872:Operation Mercury: Crete 2685:101st Airborne Divisions 1883:Military science fiction 1368:Technology and equipment 789:List of military tactics 5341:, Orion Books Ltd, 1996 5334:, Caxton Editions, 2000 5325:British Airborne Troops 5183:L, Klemen (1999–2000). 4657:L, Klemen (1999–2000). 4634:L, Klemen (1999–2000). 4611:L, Klemen (1999–2000). 4152:to gain control of the 3936:Operation Junction City 3907:, on December 7, 1975, 3634:Ecuadorian–Peruvian War 3628:Ecuadorian–Peruvian War 3392:Operation Market Garden 3332:1st Airborne Task Force 3219:101st Airborne Division 3134:82nd Airborne artillery 2918:Operation Husky: Sicily 2658:101st Airborne Division 2453:mountains, and rescued 2343:linking the islands of 2212:Following the war, the 2117:but not airborne troops 1951:Wartime sexual violence 1707:Full-spectrum dominance 1518:Supply-chain management 35:United States Air Force 5411:, Presidio Press, 2002 5407:Koskimaki, George E., 5404:, Presidio Press, 2002 5400:Koskimaki, George E., 5383:, Spellmount Ltd, 1985 5358:Hibbert, Christopher, 5320:, Leo Cooper Ltd, 1994 5285:. The Army Press, 2015 5241:. The Dial Press, 1985 4919:Guinness World Records 4904:Schwarz (2003), p. 204 4711:Gale, Richard (1948). 4453: 4326:11th Parachute Brigade 4276:to secure an airfield. 4255:Jean-Bertrand Aristide 4243:Port-au-Prince Airport 4216:U.S invasion of Panama 4207:made a combat jump on 4177: 4119:Soviet Glider Infantry 4050: 4033:Soviet and Russian VDV 3941:173rd Airborne Brigade 3655:Korps Speciale Troepen 3556:24th Infantry Division 3508:In September 1943, in 3505: 3395: 3269: 3222: 3034:shot down many of the 2958:1st Airlanding Brigade 2756:saw combat as a unit. 2696:Sir Frederick Browning 2589: 2488:Imperial Japanese Navy 2478:Imperial Japanese Army 2431:their light 75 mm guns 2322: 2187:. Later in late 1918. 2177: 1863:Awards and decorations 1836:Peace through strength 1811:Low-intensity conflict 1445:Conscientious objector 1318:Area of responsibility 52: 5542:Slaughter Over Sicily 5537:, Grafton Books, 1987 5481:, Coronet Books, 1984 5460:, Pan Books Ltd, 1973 5432:, Penguin Books, 1995 5428:Middlebrook, Martin, 5414:Lunteren, Frank van, 5258:Calvocoressi, Peter, 5209:Ambrose, Stephen E., 5202:Ambrose, Stephen E., 5076:www.173rdairborne.com 4949:on September 7, 2010. 4915:"Highest battlefield" 4522:The User of Air Power 4483:Pathfinder (military) 4447: 4328:jumped into northern 4315:Operation Rah-e-Nijat 4292:2003 invasion of Iraq 4175: 4040: 3839:Special Service Group 3587:Camalaniugan Airfield 3564:landing on Corregidor 3522:Salamaua-Lae campaign 3479: 3389: 3303:as part of Overlord. 3255: 3209: 2944:, Company 'B' of the 2732:, with the former in 2609:during World War II. 2576: 455:Torpedo data computer 445:Ship gun fire-control 33: 5762:Military parachuting 5393:Kershaw, Robert J., 5388:The Second World War 5295:Flanagan, E.M. Jr., 5276:, Robson Books, 1979 5220:. Edbury Press, 2005 5213:. Pocket Books, 2001 5206:. Pocket Books, 2003 4370:improve this section 4360:may not represent a 4270:3rd Ranger Battalion 4245:in Haiti as part of 4205:75th Ranger Regiment 4150:Indian Armed Forces' 3986:helicopters and one 3553:Roscoe B. Woodruff's 3243:Merville gun battery 3211:Dwight D. Eisenhower 3059:Dwight D. Eisenhower 2806:bombers flying from 2792:Early commando raids 2700:XVIII Airborne Corps 2524:, in February 1942. 2365:Brandenburg Regiment 2333:Operation Weserübung 2092:vertical envelopment 1981:Military occupations 1816:Military engineering 1718:Unrestricted Warfare 1575:Force multiplication 473:Military manoeuvrers 5467:, Adlib Books, 1990 5344:Harclerode, Peter, 5337:Harclerode, Peter, 5330:Harclerode, Peter, 5292:, Cassell Ltd, 1981 5272:Devlin, Gerard M., 4856:bomber-transports. 4228:M551 Sheridan tanks 4214:In 1989 during the 4201:Invasion of Grenada 4078:armoured carriers, 3790:Operation Musketeer 3741:First Indochina War 3480:September 5, 1943. 3360:Operation Albatross 3342:, the glider-borne 3324:Robert T. Frederick 3071:Army Chief of Staff 2840:British Eighth Army 2750:Battle of the Bulge 2717:Lewis H. Brereton. 2626:British Indian Army 2530:Battle of Palembang 2528:made a jump at the 2385:German Army Group B 2161:first manned flight 2065:carried by aircraft 1667:Penal military unit 1652:Rules of engagement 1328:Command and control 953:Operations research 417:Director (military) 407:Fire-control system 177:Command and control 58:Part of a series on 5602:2015-03-02 at the 5544:, Leo Cooper, 1992 5533:Whiting, Charles, 5526:Whiting, Charles, 5505:Tugwell, Maurice, 5453:, Motorbooks, 2006 5372:Huston, James A., 5223:Balkoski, Joseph, 5054:The New York Times 4971:United States Army 4454: 4419:. You can help by 4178: 4138:Operation Meghdoot 4133:Operation Meghdoot 4127:Operation Meghdoot 4051: 4023:Operation Reindeer 4007:South African Army 4001:Battle of Cassinga 3947:Rhodesian Bush War 3863:Parachute Regiment 3795:Parachute Regiment 3788:A few days later, 3779:Operation Machbesh 3715:Operation Tomahawk 3644:After World War II 3607:Operation Thursday 3537:Battle of Noemfoor 3512:, the U.S. Army's 3506: 3455:military historian 3396: 3394:in September 1944. 3364:Operation Bluebird 3270: 3223: 3067:Army Ground Forces 3032:anti-aircraft fire 3022:, under Brigadier 2969:Operation Ladbroke 2836:Operation Crusader 2812:Operation Colossus 2779:4th Airborne Corps 2715:Lieutenant General 2693:Lieutenant-General 2689:1st Airborne Corps 2622:Safdarjang Airport 2590: 2582:Princess Elizabeth 2467:Yugoslav Partisans 2465:, the head of the 2295:zones but also as 2113:Geneva Conventions 2088:transport aircraft 1776:Counter-insurgency 1697:Command of the sea 1642:Jewish laws on war 1617:Geneva Conventions 1153:Divide and conquer 948:Military operation 913:Tactical objective 412:Fire-control radar 389:Electronic-warfare 53: 5744: 5743: 5650:Military branches 5540:Whiting, Charles 5516:, Pan Books, 1960 5477:Ryan, Cornelius, 5365:Horrocks, Brian, 5355:, Pan Books, 1999 5179:, Macmillan, 2004 5012:978-1-59884-810-6 4858:Skydiving in Peru 4800:Flanagan, p. 100. 4733:Warren, John C., 4679:Glantz, David M. 4437: 4436: 4402: 4401: 4394: 4319:Pakistani Taliban 4296:Task Force Viking 4146:preemptive strike 4095:Soviet–Afghan War 3934:In February 1967 3747:Troupes de marine 3614:Operation Dracula 3518:landing at Nadzab 3443:Operation Plunder 3438:Operation Varsity 3417:British XXX Corps 3376:U.S. Seventh Army 3328:Operation Dragoon 3297:Operation Samwest 3273:Operation Dingson 3227:Normandy landings 3202:Operation Neptune 3172:Operation Herring 3138:Brigadier General 3016:Operation Fustian 2828:forward airfields 2760:Soviet operations 2605:recruited by the 2569:Allied operations 2419:Fallschirmjägers' 2363:, members of the 2203:U.S. 1st Division 2196:Brigadier General 2194:and his superior 2192:Lewis H. Brereton 2181:Winston Churchill 2173:Ships of the Line 2157:Benjamin Franklin 2054: 2053: 1946:Horses in warfare 1893:Anti-war movement 1796:Gunboat diplomacy 1786:Disaster response 1734:Philosophy of war 1729:Principles of war 1702:Deterrence theory 1647:Right of conquest 1570:Lanchester's laws 1338:Principles of war 1028:Counter-offensive 1013:Military campaign 918:Target saturation 841:Counterinsurgency 450:Gun data computer 384:Close air support 346:Aircraft carriers 50:Florida panhandle 18:Airborne infantry 16:(Redirected from 5779: 5757:Airborne warfare 5643: 5636: 5629: 5620: 5588:Historynet.com: 5579:Historynet.com: 5570:Historynet.com: 5512:Urquhart, R.E., 5498:Tanase, Mircea, 5479:A Bridge Too Far 5470:Rawson, Andrew, 5323:Gregory, Barry, 5290:The Sky Generals 5230:Bando, Mark A., 5211:Band of Brothers 5192: 5164: 5163: 5137: 5128: 5122: 5121: 5119: 5117: 5098: 5092: 5091: 5089: 5087: 5068: 5062: 5061: 5045: 5039: 5038: 5030: 5024: 5023: 5021: 5019: 4996: 4990: 4989: 4984: 4982: 4973:. Archived from 4957: 4951: 4950: 4945:. Archived from 4935: 4929: 4928: 4926: 4925: 4911: 4905: 4902: 4896: 4895: 4893: 4892: 4886: 4880:. Archived from 4879: 4867: 4861: 4850: 4844: 4841: 4835: 4832: 4826: 4823: 4810: 4807: 4801: 4798: 4792: 4789: 4783: 4780: 4774: 4773:Flanagan, p. 99. 4771: 4765: 4764:Flanagan, p. 98. 4762: 4756: 4753: 4747: 4744: 4738: 4731: 4725: 4724: 4707: 4701: 4698: 4692: 4677: 4671: 4670: 4654: 4648: 4647: 4631: 4625: 4624: 4608: 4602: 4601: 4585: 4579: 4570: 4564: 4563: 4561: 4559: 4531: 4525: 4518: 4512: 4511: 4509: 4508: 4498: 4432: 4429: 4411: 4404: 4397: 4390: 4386: 4383: 4377: 4353: 4352: 4345: 4236:Rio Hato Airport 4199:During the 1983 4190:Operation Atilla 4158:Siachen conflict 4148:launched by the 4143: 4064:fully mechanized 3921:Battle of Ap Bac 3919:In 1963, in the 3781:(Press) was the 3704:prisoners of war 3533:Dutch New Guinea 3372:Operation Canary 3293:Operation Cooney 3184:Operation Potato 3081:Joseph May Swing 3063:Lesley J. McNair 2860:Operation Biting 2730:European Theater 2510:Battle of Manado 2455:Benito Mussolini 2361:Battle of France 2341:Storstrøm Bridge 2327: 2293:natural disaster 2250:Archibald Wavell 2046: 2039: 2032: 1801:Humanitarian aid 1739:Security dilemma 1560:Power projection 1343:Economy of force 1323:Chain of command 1038:Defence in depth 1023:Commerce raiding 846:Defeat in detail 182:Defense ministry 86: 77: 76: 67: 55: 21: 5787: 5786: 5782: 5781: 5780: 5778: 5777: 5776: 5747: 5746: 5745: 5740: 5726:Security forces 5706:Military police 5701:Missile defence 5661:Airborne forces 5652: 5647: 5604:Wayback Machine 5551: 5491:Saunders, Tim, 5465:Airborne Forces 5449:Nordyke, Phil, 5442:Nordyke, Phil, 5421:Jones, Robert, 5390:, Pimlico, 1997 5379:Jewell, Brian, 5369:, Collins, 1960 5351:Hastings, Max, 5318:A Drop Too Many 5309:French, David, 5288:Dover, Victor, 5199: 5197:Further reading 5182: 5175:Hastings, Max, 5172: 5167: 5135: 5130: 5129: 5125: 5115: 5113: 5106:france24.com/en 5100: 5099: 5095: 5085: 5083: 5070: 5069: 5065: 5047: 5046: 5042: 5032: 5031: 5027: 5017: 5015: 5013: 4998: 4997: 4993: 4980: 4978: 4959: 4958: 4954: 4943:www.nytimes.com 4937: 4936: 4932: 4923: 4921: 4913: 4912: 4908: 4903: 4899: 4890: 4888: 4884: 4877: 4869: 4868: 4864: 4851: 4847: 4842: 4838: 4834:Huston, p. 137. 4833: 4829: 4825:Huston, p. 136. 4824: 4813: 4809:Devlin, p. 247. 4808: 4804: 4799: 4795: 4790: 4786: 4782:Devlin, p. 246. 4781: 4777: 4772: 4768: 4763: 4759: 4754: 4750: 4745: 4741: 4732: 4728: 4710: 4708: 4704: 4699: 4695: 4678: 4674: 4656: 4655: 4651: 4633: 4632: 4628: 4610: 4609: 4605: 4587: 4586: 4582: 4576:Popular Science 4571: 4567: 4557: 4555: 4548: 4533: 4532: 4528: 4519: 4515: 4506: 4504: 4500: 4499: 4495: 4491: 4459: 4433: 4427: 4424: 4417:needs expansion 4398: 4387: 4381: 4378: 4367: 4354: 4350: 4343: 4300:Aviano Air Base 4224:Tocumen, Panama 4170: 4154:Siachen Glacier 4135: 4129: 4121: 4088:tank destroyers 4035: 4003: 3997: 3957:The men of the 3955: 3949: 3917: 3897:Indonesian Army 3893: 3887: 3877:and Defence of 3867:Tangail airdrop 3855: 3819: 3763: 3743: 3680: 3659:Operation Kraai 3651: 3646: 3630: 3599: 3549:George M. Jones 3545: 3529:Noemfoor Island 3474: 3466: 3464:Pacific Theater 3447:21st Army Group 3435: 3426: 3384: 3316: 3235:Operation Tonga 3204: 3192: 3170:In April 1945, 3117: 3074:George Marshall 3055: 3024:Gerald Lathbury 2960:, commanded by 2954:glider infantry 2926: 2920: 2895: 2889: 2880: 2878:Battle of Crete 2874: 2869: 2848: 2820: 2799: 2794: 2783:Battle of Kursk 2762: 2742:the Netherlands 2726:Operation Torch 2707:Matthew Ridgway 2578:Queen Elizabeth 2571: 2463:Josip Broz Tito 2423:Battle of Crete 2373:Panzer Division 2369:Fieseler Fi 156 2324:Fallschirmjäger 2310: 2308:Axis operations 2305: 2185:First World War 2165:hot air balloon 2154: 2057:Airborne forces 2050: 2021: 2020: 1971: 1961: 1960: 1926: 1918: 1917: 1858: 1848: 1847: 1821:Multilateralism 1806:Law enforcement 1766: 1756: 1755: 1724:Just war theory 1682: 1672: 1671: 1622:Geneva Protocol 1592: 1582: 1581: 1555: 1545: 1544: 1486: 1476: 1475: 1383: 1373: 1372: 1313: 1303: 1302: 1268: 1258: 1257: 1188:Network-centric 1108: 1098: 1097: 1005: 995: 994: 943: 933: 932: 881:Rapid dominance 786: 776: 775: 731:Electromagnetic 640: 630: 629: 616: 569: 517: 493: 483: 482: 478:Combat training 459: 436: 402:Combat systems: 398: 360: 356:Auxiliary ships 322: 282: 278:Military police 244: 167: 157: 156: 96: 70: 69: 68: 63: 46:C-130J Hercules 44:jumping from a 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5785: 5783: 5775: 5774: 5769: 5764: 5759: 5749: 5748: 5742: 5741: 5739: 5738: 5736:Special forces 5733: 5728: 5723: 5718: 5713: 5708: 5703: 5698: 5693: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5663: 5657: 5654: 5653: 5648: 5646: 5645: 5638: 5631: 5623: 5617: 5616: 5606: 5594: 5585: 5576: 5567: 5562: 5557: 5550: 5549:External links 5547: 5546: 5545: 5538: 5531: 5524: 5517: 5510: 5503: 5496: 5489: 5482: 5475: 5468: 5463:Otway, T.B.H, 5461: 5456:Norton, G.G., 5454: 5447: 5440: 5433: 5426: 5419: 5412: 5405: 5398: 5391: 5386:Keegan, John, 5384: 5377: 5370: 5363: 5356: 5349: 5342: 5335: 5328: 5321: 5314: 5307: 5302:Flint, Keith, 5300: 5293: 5286: 5279:DeVore, Marc, 5277: 5270: 5263: 5256: 5249: 5242: 5235: 5228: 5221: 5214: 5207: 5204:Pegasus Bridge 5198: 5195: 5194: 5193: 5180: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5165: 5123: 5093: 5063: 5040: 5025: 5011: 4991: 4977:on 14 May 2012 4952: 4930: 4906: 4897: 4862: 4854:Caproni Ca.111 4845: 4836: 4827: 4811: 4802: 4793: 4791:Huston, p. 98. 4784: 4775: 4766: 4757: 4755:Warren, p. 53. 4748: 4746:Warren, p. 47. 4739: 4726: 4702: 4693: 4672: 4649: 4626: 4603: 4580: 4565: 4546: 4526: 4513: 4492: 4490: 4487: 4486: 4485: 4480: 4475: 4470: 4465: 4458: 4455: 4442: 4441: 4435: 4434: 4414: 4412: 4400: 4399: 4364:of the subject 4362:worldwide view 4357: 4355: 4348: 4342: 4339: 4338: 4337: 4322: 4303: 4284: 4277: 4262: 4239: 4212: 4197: 4193: 4169: 4168:Recent history 4166: 4131:Main article: 4128: 4125: 4120: 4117: 4070:-series light 4034: 4031: 3999:Main article: 3996: 3993: 3951:Main article: 3948: 3945: 3916: 3913: 3889:Main article: 3886: 3883: 3854: 3851: 3835:Pakistani Army 3818: 3815: 3765:Launching the 3762: 3759: 3751:Foreign Legion 3742: 3739: 3679: 3676: 3667:Mohammad Hatta 3650: 3647: 3645: 3642: 3638:Puerto Bolívar 3629: 3626: 3598: 3595: 3579:Tagaytay Ridge 3544: 3541: 3473: 3470: 3465: 3462: 3434: 3431: 3425: 3422: 3383: 3380: 3368:Operation Dove 3358:, in phase 1, 3320:6th Army Group 3315: 3312: 3301:Operation Lost 3266:North Midlands 3247:U.S. VII Corps 3203: 3200: 3191: 3190:Western Europe 3188: 3180:Northern Italy 3141:Maxwell Taylor 3126:Volturno river 3116: 3113: 3097:North Carolina 3054: 3051: 2922:Main article: 2919: 2916: 2888: 2885: 2876:Main article: 2873: 2870: 2868: 2865: 2852:Würzburg radar 2847: 2844: 2830:of Gambut and 2819: 2816: 2798: 2795: 2793: 2790: 2761: 2758: 2654:William C. Lee 2570: 2567: 2548:special forces 2541:Teishin Shudan 2522:Timor campaign 2502:of 1941–1942. 2496:) paratroopers 2459:failed attempt 2449:, high in the 2412:Luftlandekorps 2396:Luftlandekorps 2309: 2306: 2304: 2301: 2199:Billy Mitchell 2153: 2150: 2135:technologies ( 2052: 2051: 2049: 2048: 2041: 2034: 2026: 2023: 2022: 2019: 2018: 2013: 2008: 2003: 1998: 1993: 1988: 1986:Military terms 1983: 1978: 1972: 1967: 1966: 1963: 1962: 1959: 1958: 1953: 1948: 1943: 1938: 1933: 1927: 1924: 1923: 1920: 1919: 1916: 1915: 1910: 1905: 1900: 1895: 1890: 1885: 1880: 1875: 1870: 1865: 1859: 1854: 1853: 1850: 1849: 1846: 1845: 1840: 1839: 1838: 1833: 1823: 1818: 1813: 1808: 1803: 1798: 1793: 1788: 1783: 1778: 1773: 1767: 1762: 1761: 1758: 1757: 1754: 1753: 1748: 1747: 1746: 1744:Tripwire force 1736: 1731: 1726: 1721: 1714: 1709: 1704: 1699: 1694: 1689: 1683: 1678: 1677: 1674: 1673: 1670: 1669: 1664: 1659: 1654: 1649: 1644: 1639: 1634: 1629: 1624: 1619: 1614: 1609: 1604: 1599: 1593: 1588: 1587: 1584: 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962: 955: 950: 944: 939: 938: 935: 934: 931: 930: 925: 920: 915: 910: 905: 900: 899: 898: 888: 883: 878: 873: 868: 863: 858: 853: 848: 843: 838: 833: 828: 823: 818: 817: 816: 811: 806: 796: 787: 782: 781: 778: 777: 774: 773: 771:Unconventional 768: 763: 758: 753: 748: 743: 738: 733: 728: 719: 717:Disinformation 714: 709: 704: 699: 694: 689: 688: 687: 682: 672: 667: 662: 657: 652: 647: 641: 636: 635: 632: 631: 628: 627: 622: 615: 614: 613: 612: 611: 610: 600: 595: 590: 585: 580: 568: 567: 566: 565: 564: 563: 553: 548: 543: 538: 533: 528: 516: 515: 514: 513: 508: 503: 494: 489: 488: 485: 484: 481: 480: 475: 470: 468:Basic training 465: 458: 457: 452: 447: 442: 435: 434: 429: 424: 419: 414: 409: 404: 397: 396: 394:Reconnaissance 391: 386: 381: 376: 371: 366: 359: 358: 353: 348: 343: 338: 333: 328: 321: 320: 315: 313:Special forces 310: 305: 304: 303: 293: 288: 281: 280: 275: 270: 268:Reconnaissance 265: 260: 255: 250: 243: 242: 233: 228: 219: 214: 209: 204: 199: 194: 189: 184: 179: 174: 168: 163: 162: 159: 158: 155: 154: 153: 152: 147: 137: 136: 135: 130: 120: 119: 118: 111:Post-classical 108: 103: 97: 92: 91: 88: 87: 79: 78: 60: 59: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5784: 5773: 5770: 5768: 5765: 5763: 5760: 5758: 5755: 5754: 5752: 5737: 5734: 5732: 5729: 5727: 5724: 5722: 5719: 5717: 5714: 5712: 5709: 5707: 5704: 5702: 5699: 5697: 5694: 5692: 5689: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5658: 5655: 5651: 5644: 5639: 5637: 5632: 5630: 5625: 5624: 5621: 5614: 5610: 5607: 5605: 5601: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5591: 5586: 5584: 5582: 5577: 5575: 5573: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5552: 5548: 5543: 5539: 5536: 5532: 5529: 5525: 5522: 5519:Weeks, John, 5518: 5515: 5511: 5508: 5504: 5501: 5497: 5494: 5490: 5487: 5483: 5480: 5476: 5473: 5469: 5466: 5462: 5459: 5455: 5452: 5448: 5445: 5441: 5438: 5434: 5431: 5427: 5424: 5420: 5417: 5413: 5410: 5406: 5403: 5399: 5396: 5392: 5389: 5385: 5382: 5378: 5375: 5371: 5368: 5364: 5361: 5357: 5354: 5350: 5347: 5343: 5340: 5336: 5333: 5329: 5326: 5322: 5319: 5316:Frost, John, 5315: 5312: 5308: 5305: 5301: 5298: 5294: 5291: 5287: 5284: 5283: 5278: 5275: 5271: 5268: 5264: 5261: 5257: 5254: 5250: 5247: 5243: 5240: 5237:Blair, Clay, 5236: 5233: 5229: 5226: 5222: 5219: 5216:Arthur, Max, 5215: 5212: 5208: 5205: 5201: 5200: 5196: 5190: 5186: 5181: 5178: 5174: 5173: 5169: 5161: 5157: 5153: 5149: 5145: 5141: 5134: 5127: 5124: 5111: 5107: 5103: 5097: 5094: 5081: 5077: 5073: 5067: 5064: 5059: 5055: 5051: 5044: 5041: 5036: 5029: 5026: 5014: 5008: 5004: 5003: 4995: 4992: 4988: 4976: 4972: 4968: 4967: 4962: 4956: 4953: 4948: 4944: 4940: 4934: 4931: 4920: 4916: 4910: 4907: 4901: 4898: 4887:on 2016-04-14 4883: 4876: 4874: 4866: 4863: 4859: 4855: 4849: 4846: 4840: 4837: 4831: 4828: 4822: 4820: 4818: 4816: 4812: 4806: 4803: 4797: 4794: 4788: 4785: 4779: 4776: 4770: 4767: 4761: 4758: 4752: 4749: 4743: 4740: 4736: 4730: 4727: 4722: 4718: 4714: 4709:Described in 4706: 4703: 4697: 4694: 4690: 4689:0-7146-4077-8 4686: 4682: 4676: 4673: 4668: 4664: 4660: 4653: 4650: 4645: 4641: 4637: 4630: 4627: 4622: 4618: 4614: 4607: 4604: 4599: 4595: 4591: 4584: 4581: 4577: 4574: 4569: 4566: 4553: 4549: 4547:9781844153770 4543: 4539: 4538: 4530: 4527: 4523: 4517: 4514: 4503: 4497: 4494: 4488: 4484: 4481: 4479: 4476: 4474: 4471: 4469: 4466: 4464: 4461: 4460: 4456: 4451: 4446: 4439: 4438: 4431: 4422: 4418: 4415:This section 4413: 4410: 4406: 4405: 4396: 4393: 4385: 4375: 4371: 4365: 4363: 4356: 4347: 4346: 4340: 4335: 4331: 4327: 4323: 4320: 4316: 4312: 4308: 4307:Pakistan Army 4304: 4301: 4297: 4293: 4289: 4288:a combat jump 4285: 4282: 4278: 4275: 4271: 4267: 4263: 4260: 4256: 4252: 4248: 4244: 4240: 4237: 4233: 4229: 4225: 4221: 4217: 4213: 4210: 4206: 4202: 4198: 4194: 4191: 4187: 4183: 4182: 4181: 4174: 4167: 4165: 4161: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4147: 4139: 4134: 4126: 4124: 4118: 4116: 4114: 4110: 4106: 4102: 4101: 4096: 4091: 4089: 4085: 4084:2S25 Sprut-SD 4081: 4077: 4073: 4069: 4065: 4060: 4056: 4048: 4044: 4039: 4032: 4030: 4028: 4024: 4020: 4016: 4012: 4008: 4002: 3994: 3992: 3989: 3985: 3980: 3976: 3974: 3970: 3966: 3963: 3960: 3954: 3946: 3944: 3942: 3937: 3932: 3930: 3926: 3922: 3914: 3912: 3910: 3906: 3902: 3898: 3892: 3884: 3882: 3880: 3876: 3872: 3868: 3864: 3861:of 1971, the 3860: 3852: 3850: 3846: 3842: 3840: 3836: 3832: 3828: 3824: 3816: 3814: 3811: 3807: 3806:Royal Marines 3802: 3800: 3796: 3791: 3786: 3784: 3780: 3776: 3772: 3768: 3767:1956 Suez War 3760: 3758: 3756: 3755:Dien Bien Phu 3752: 3748: 3740: 3738: 3736: 3730: 3726: 3723: 3720: 3716: 3712: 3707: 3705: 3701: 3697: 3693: 3689: 3685: 3677: 3675: 3672: 3668: 3664: 3660: 3656: 3648: 3643: 3641: 3639: 3635: 3627: 3625: 3623: 3619: 3615: 3610: 3608: 3604: 3596: 3594: 3592: 3588: 3584: 3580: 3576: 3571: 3569: 3565: 3561: 3557: 3554: 3550: 3542: 3540: 3538: 3534: 3530: 3525: 3523: 3520:, during the 3519: 3515: 3511: 3503: 3502:Battle of Lae 3500:, during the 3499: 3495: 3491: 3487: 3483: 3478: 3471: 3469: 3463: 3461: 3459: 3456: 3452: 3449:to cross the 3448: 3444: 3439: 3432: 3430: 3423: 3421: 3418: 3414: 3409: 3405: 3401: 3393: 3388: 3381: 3379: 3378:came ashore. 3377: 3373: 3369: 3365: 3361: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3345: 3341: 3337: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3321: 3313: 3311: 3309: 3308:Locoal-Mendon 3304: 3302: 3298: 3294: 3290: 3286: 3282: 3278: 3274: 3267: 3263: 3259: 3254: 3250: 3248: 3244: 3240: 3236: 3232: 3228: 3220: 3216: 3212: 3208: 3201: 3199: 3197: 3196:Western Front 3189: 3187: 3185: 3181: 3177: 3174:, an Italian 3173: 3168: 3166: 3162: 3157: 3153: 3149: 3144: 3142: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3122: 3114: 3112: 3109: 3104: 3102: 3098: 3094: 3090: 3085: 3082: 3077: 3075: 3072: 3068: 3064: 3060: 3052: 3050: 3047: 3045: 3041: 3037: 3033: 3029: 3025: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3008: 3006: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2989: 2987: 2983: 2982:friendly fire 2979: 2978:Reuben Tucker 2975: 2970: 2966: 2963: 2959: 2955: 2951: 2947: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2932: 2925: 2917: 2915: 2911: 2909: 2905: 2901: 2894: 2886: 2884: 2879: 2871: 2867:Mediterranean 2866: 2864: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2845: 2843: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2825: 2817: 2815: 2813: 2809: 2805: 2796: 2791: 2789: 2786: 2784: 2780: 2776: 2772: 2771:"deep battle" 2766: 2759: 2757: 2753: 2751: 2747: 2744:in 1944. The 2743: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2723: 2718: 2716: 2712: 2708: 2705: 2704:Major General 2701: 2697: 2694: 2690: 2686: 2682: 2678: 2674: 2670: 2666: 2661: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2646: 2641: 2639: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2623: 2619: 2615: 2610: 2608: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2588:, 19 May 1944 2587: 2583: 2579: 2575: 2568: 2566: 2563: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2546: 2542: 2537: 2535: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2520:, during the 2519: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2501: 2497: 2495: 2489: 2485: 2484: 2479: 2475: 2470: 2468: 2464: 2460: 2456: 2452: 2448: 2445:led a daring 2444: 2443:Otto Skorzeny 2439: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2420: 2415: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2388: 2386: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2362: 2357: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2339:to seize the 2338: 2334: 2329: 2326: 2325: 2319: 2315: 2307: 2302: 2300: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2273: 2271: 2266: 2265:Junkers Ju 52 2262: 2258: 2253: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2234: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2220: 2215: 2210: 2208: 2204: 2200: 2197: 2193: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2176: 2174: 2168: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2152:Early history 2151: 2149: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2129: 2127: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2106: 2104: 2100: 2095: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2080: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2061:ground combat 2058: 2047: 2042: 2040: 2035: 2033: 2028: 2027: 2025: 2024: 2017: 2014: 2012: 2009: 2007: 2004: 2002: 1999: 1997: 1994: 1992: 1989: 1987: 1984: 1982: 1979: 1977: 1974: 1973: 1970: 1965: 1964: 1957: 1954: 1952: 1949: 1947: 1944: 1942: 1939: 1937: 1934: 1932: 1929: 1928: 1922: 1921: 1914: 1911: 1909: 1906: 1904: 1901: 1899: 1896: 1894: 1891: 1889: 1886: 1884: 1881: 1879: 1876: 1874: 1873:Warrior caste 1871: 1869: 1866: 1864: 1861: 1860: 1857: 1852: 1851: 1844: 1843:Show of force 1841: 1837: 1834: 1832: 1831:Peacebuilding 1829: 1828: 1827: 1824: 1822: 1819: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1804: 1802: 1799: 1797: 1794: 1792: 1789: 1787: 1784: 1782: 1779: 1777: 1774: 1772: 1769: 1768: 1765: 1760: 1759: 1752: 1749: 1745: 1742: 1741: 1740: 1737: 1735: 1732: 1730: 1727: 1725: 1722: 1720: 1719: 1715: 1713: 1710: 1708: 1705: 1703: 1700: 1698: 1695: 1693: 1690: 1688: 1687:Air supremacy 1685: 1684: 1681: 1676: 1675: 1668: 1665: 1663: 1660: 1658: 1655: 1653: 1650: 1648: 1645: 1643: 1640: 1638: 1635: 1633: 1630: 1628: 1627:Islamic rules 1625: 1623: 1620: 1618: 1615: 1613: 1610: 1608: 1607:Court-martial 1605: 1603: 1600: 1598: 1595: 1594: 1591: 1586: 1585: 1576: 1573: 1572: 1571: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1557: 1554: 1549: 1548: 1539: 1536: 1534: 1531: 1529: 1526: 1525: 1524: 1521: 1519: 1516: 1512: 1509: 1507: 1506:Arms industry 1504: 1503: 1502: 1499: 1497: 1494: 1492: 1489: 1488: 1485: 1480: 1479: 1472: 1468: 1465: 1463: 1460: 1456: 1453: 1452: 1451: 1448: 1446: 1443: 1441: 1438: 1436: 1433: 1431: 1428: 1426: 1423: 1421: 1418: 1416: 1413: 1411: 1408: 1406: 1403: 1401: 1398: 1394: 1391: 1390: 1389: 1386: 1385: 1382: 1377: 1376: 1369: 1366: 1364: 1361: 1359: 1356: 1354: 1351: 1349: 1346: 1344: 1341: 1339: 1336: 1334: 1331: 1329: 1326: 1324: 1321: 1319: 1316: 1315: 1312: 1307: 1306: 1299: 1296: 1294: 1291: 1289: 1286: 1284: 1281: 1279: 1276: 1274: 1271: 1270: 1267: 1262: 1261: 1254: 1251: 1249: 1246: 1244: 1241: 1239: 1236: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1224: 1221: 1219: 1216: 1214: 1211: 1209: 1206: 1204: 1201: 1199: 1196: 1194: 1191: 1189: 1186: 1184: 1181: 1179: 1176: 1174: 1171: 1169: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1123:Broken-backed 1121: 1119: 1116: 1114: 1111: 1110: 1107: 1102: 1101: 1094: 1091: 1089: 1086: 1084: 1081: 1079: 1076: 1074: 1071: 1069: 1066: 1064: 1061: 1059: 1056: 1054: 1051: 1049: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1034: 1031: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1019: 1016: 1014: 1011: 1010: 1009: 1004: 999: 998: 991: 988: 986: 983: 981: 978: 976: 973: 971: 968: 966: 965:Expeditionary 963: 961: 960: 956: 954: 951: 949: 946: 945: 942: 937: 936: 929: 926: 924: 921: 919: 916: 914: 911: 909: 906: 904: 901: 897: 894: 893: 892: 889: 887: 884: 882: 879: 877: 874: 872: 869: 867: 864: 862: 859: 857: 854: 852: 849: 847: 844: 842: 839: 837: 836:Counterattack 834: 832: 829: 827: 824: 822: 819: 815: 812: 810: 807: 805: 802: 801: 800: 797: 795: 792: 791: 790: 785: 780: 779: 772: 769: 767: 764: 762: 761:Psychological 759: 757: 754: 752: 749: 747: 744: 742: 739: 737: 734: 732: 729: 727: 723: 720: 718: 715: 713: 710: 708: 705: 703: 700: 698: 697:Combined arms 695: 693: 690: 686: 683: 681: 678: 677: 676: 673: 671: 668: 666: 663: 661: 658: 656: 653: 651: 648: 646: 643: 642: 639: 634: 633: 626: 623: 621: 618: 617: 609: 606: 605: 604: 601: 599: 596: 594: 591: 589: 586: 584: 581: 579: 576: 575: 574: 571: 570: 562: 559: 558: 557: 554: 552: 549: 547: 544: 542: 539: 537: 536:Fortification 534: 532: 529: 527: 524: 523: 522: 519: 518: 512: 509: 507: 504: 502: 499: 498: 496: 495: 492: 487: 486: 479: 476: 474: 471: 469: 466: 464: 461: 460: 456: 453: 451: 448: 446: 443: 441: 438: 437: 433: 430: 428: 425: 423: 420: 418: 415: 413: 410: 408: 405: 403: 400: 399: 395: 392: 390: 387: 385: 382: 380: 377: 375: 372: 370: 367: 365: 362: 361: 357: 354: 352: 351:Landing craft 349: 347: 344: 342: 339: 337: 334: 332: 329: 327: 324: 323: 319: 316: 314: 311: 309: 306: 302: 299: 298: 297: 294: 292: 289: 287: 284: 283: 279: 276: 274: 271: 269: 266: 264: 261: 259: 256: 254: 251: 249: 246: 245: 241: 237: 236:Standing army 234: 232: 229: 227: 223: 220: 218: 215: 213: 210: 208: 205: 203: 200: 198: 195: 193: 190: 188: 185: 183: 180: 178: 175: 173: 170: 169: 166: 161: 160: 151: 148: 146: 143: 142: 141: 138: 134: 131: 129: 128:pike and shot 126: 125: 124: 121: 117: 114: 113: 112: 109: 107: 104: 102: 99: 98: 95: 90: 89: 85: 81: 80: 74: 66: 61: 57: 56: 51: 47: 43: 39: 36: 32: 19: 5767:Paratroopers 5721:Public Force 5681:Border guard 5660: 5612: 5589: 5580: 5571: 5541: 5534: 5527: 5520: 5513: 5506: 5499: 5492: 5485: 5478: 5471: 5464: 5457: 5450: 5443: 5436: 5429: 5422: 5415: 5408: 5401: 5394: 5387: 5380: 5373: 5366: 5359: 5352: 5345: 5338: 5331: 5324: 5317: 5310: 5303: 5296: 5289: 5281: 5273: 5266: 5259: 5252: 5245: 5238: 5231: 5224: 5217: 5210: 5203: 5176: 5143: 5139: 5126: 5114:. Retrieved 5105: 5096: 5084:. Retrieved 5075: 5066: 5053: 5043: 5034: 5028: 5016:. Retrieved 5001: 4994: 4986: 4979:. Retrieved 4975:the original 4964: 4955: 4947:the original 4942: 4933: 4922:. Retrieved 4918: 4909: 4900: 4889:. Retrieved 4882:the original 4872: 4865: 4848: 4839: 4830: 4805: 4796: 4787: 4778: 4769: 4760: 4751: 4742: 4734: 4729: 4712: 4705: 4696: 4680: 4675: 4662: 4652: 4639: 4629: 4616: 4606: 4593: 4583: 4575: 4568: 4556:. Retrieved 4536: 4529: 4521: 4516: 4505:. Retrieved 4496: 4463:Airborne gun 4425: 4421:adding to it 4416: 4388: 4379: 4359: 4317:against the 4259:Jimmy Carter 4251:Raoul Cédras 4179: 4162: 4137: 4136: 4122: 4098: 4092: 4086:125 mm 4063: 4052: 4004: 3984:Alouette III 3981: 3977: 3967: 3964: 3956: 3933: 3918: 3894: 3856: 3847: 3843: 3820: 3803: 3787: 3778: 3771:Ariel Sharon 3764: 3744: 3731: 3727: 3708: 3681: 3652: 3631: 3611: 3600: 3572: 3546: 3526: 3507: 3467: 3458:Max Hastings 3436: 3427: 3397: 3317: 3305: 3271: 3224: 3193: 3169: 3145: 3118: 3105: 3086: 3078: 3056: 3048: 3030:, but heavy 3009: 2990: 2965:Philip Hicks 2927: 2912: 2896: 2881: 2849: 2821: 2800: 2787: 2767: 2763: 2754: 2719: 2662: 2645:coup-de-main 2642: 2611: 2603:paratroopers 2591: 2564: 2544: 2540: 2538: 2525: 2505: 2504: 2493: 2481: 2471: 2440: 2435:Adolf Hitler 2418: 2416: 2411: 2395: 2389: 2358: 2330: 2318:Kurt Student 2311: 2303:World War II 2274: 2269: 2257:Nazi Germany 2254: 2238:Soviet Union 2235: 2227:World War II 2211: 2178: 2170: 2155: 2145:World War II 2131:Advances in 2130: 2107: 2096: 2091: 2081: 2077:paratroopers 2056: 2055: 1956:Fifth column 1936:War resister 1931:Women in war 1826:Peacekeeping 1771:Arms control 1716: 1405:Mobilization 1400:Conscription 1358:Intelligence 1311:Organization 957: 886:Encirclement 766:Radiological 702:Conventional 556:Subterranean 505: 463:Development: 462: 439: 401: 363: 326:Naval units: 325: 318:Signal corps 285: 263:Intelligence 248:Specialties: 247: 172:Organization 123:Early modern 38:paratroopers 5731:Space force 5691:Gendarmerie 5686:Coast guard 5676:Air defence 5367:A Full Life 5246:Arnhem 1944 5146:(2): 3–11. 5140:Hadtudomány 4558:12 December 4047:Afghanistan 4041:A BMD-1 in 4025:during the 4009:attacked a 3929:Vietnam War 3915:Vietnam War 3857:During the 3735:air assault 3719:Indian Army 3632:During the 3618:Indian Army 3589:, south of 3543:Philippines 3451:Rhine River 3279:, southern 3136:commander, 3128:during the 3028:Eighth Army 2934:James Gavin 2713:under U.S. 2650:smokejumper 2595:RAF Ringway 2560:Philippines 2483:Teishin Dan 2476:began, the 2474:Pacific War 2472:Before the 2461:to capture 2246:light tanks 1941:War studies 1764:Non-warfare 1692:Appeasement 1657:Martial law 1496:War economy 1435:Transgender 1388:Recruitment 1148:Containment 1033:Culminating 941:Operational 861:Envelopment 804:Air assault 685:Air cavalry 645:Air defence 625:Information 526:Cold-region 491:Battlespace 440:Historical: 286:Land units: 212:Space force 207:Coast guard 140:Late modern 101:Prehistoric 5751:Categories 5170:References 5116:30 January 4924:2022-05-16 4891:2016-05-25 4507:2018-06-28 4428:April 2023 4382:April 2023 4100:telnyashka 3775:Mitla Pass 3688:Korean War 3678:Korean War 3653:The Dutch 3510:New Guinea 3498:New Guinea 3472:New Guinea 3350:, between 3108:Waco CG-4A 3093:Fort Bragg 2891:See also: 2856:John Frost 2599:Manchester 2506:Rikusentai 2494:Rikusentai 2381:Eben Emael 2367:landed by 2297:reservists 2137:helicopter 2126:airlifters 2109:Protocol I 2069:airdropped 2001:War crimes 1991:Operations 1898:Foot drill 1868:Battle cry 1781:deterrence 1440:Harassment 1415:Specialism 1238:Technology 1233:Succession 1178:Liberation 1113:Asymmetric 1048:Empty fort 959:Blitzkrieg 928:Withdrawal 891:Investment 670:Camouflage 665:Biological 603:Underwater 578:Amphibious 497:Aerospace 364:Air units: 341:Submarines 150:fourth-gen 145:industrial 133:napoleonic 5666:Air force 5160:244418002 4875:Historia" 4450:Parawings 4374:talk page 4305:In 2009, 4188:, during 3969:Fireforce 3953:Fireforce 3810:Port Said 3711:Munsan-ni 3700:Pyongyang 3583:Los Baños 3535:, in the 3486:battalion 3326:, opened 3258:George VI 3152:beachhead 3012:6 pounder 2962:Brigadier 2942:504th PIR 2904:Gibraltar 2614:New Delhi 2558:, in the 2545:Takachiho 2451:Apennines 2404:The Hague 2314:Luftwaffe 2277:Argentina 2141:tiltrotor 1888:War novel 1791:Grey-zone 1751:War games 1712:Overmatch 1662:War crime 1612:Desertion 1602:Ceasefire 1597:Armistice 1484:Logistics 1462:Mercenary 1450:Volunteer 1381:Personnel 1353:Engineers 1298:Sociology 1253:World war 1248:Total war 1228:Strategic 1218:Religious 1203:Political 1198:Perpetual 1173:Irregular 1088:Offensive 1063:Defensive 1058:Deception 1018:Attrition 871:Guerrilla 866:Formation 809:Airbridge 741:Loitering 655:Artillery 308:Artillery 258:Engineers 226:Irregular 197:Air force 40:from the 5600:Archived 5353:Overlord 5189:Archived 5110:Archived 5086:28 April 5080:Archived 5058:Archived 4667:Archived 4644:Archived 4621:Archived 4598:Archived 4552:Archived 4457:See also 4448:British 4368:You may 4341:Doctrine 4334:Timbuktu 4274:Kandahar 4080:2S9 Nona 4055:Cold War 4015:Cassinga 3849:units. 3603:Chindits 3285:Plumelec 3281:Brittany 3277:Morbihan 3176:commando 3165:Avellino 3057:General 2993:Syracuse 2986:U.S Navy 2948:and the 2824:Layforce 2738:Normandy 2636:and the 2554:area on 2492:marine ( 2490:trained 2377:Ardennes 2316:General 2279:, Peru, 2242:vehicles 2143:) since 2121:anti-air 2084:airspace 2073:infantry 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