3111:
their targets without navigational error, and the airborne troops seized the
Knollwood Army Auxiliary Airfield and secured the landing area for the rest of the division before daylight. With its initial objectives taken, the 11th Airborne Division then launched a coordinated ground attack against a reinforced infantry regiment and conducted several aerial resupply and casualty evacuation missions in coordination with United States Army Air Forces transport aircraft. The exercise was judged by observers to be a great success. McNair, pleased by its results, attributed this success to the great improvements in airborne training that had been implemented in the months following Operation Husky. As a result of the Knollwood Maneuver, division-sized airborne forces were deemed to be feasible and Eisenhower permitted their retention.
2574:
2410:, was annihilated by anti-aircraft fire and fierce resistance by some remaining Dutch defenders. As a result, numerous crashed and burning aircraft blocked the runway, preventing further reinforcements from landing. This was one of the few occasions where an airfield captured by paratroops has been recaptured. The other two airfields were recaptured as well. Simultaneously, the Germans dropped small packets of paratroopers to seize the crucial bridges that led directly across the Netherlands and into the heart of the country. They opened the way for the 9th Panzer Division. Within a day, the Dutch position became hopeless. Nevertheless, Dutch forces inflicted high losses on German transportation aircraft. Moreover, 1200 German elite troops from the
84:
3253:
31:
4173:
3453:. Having learnt from the heavy casualties inflicted upon the airborne formations in Operation Market Garden, the two airborne divisions were dropped several thousand yards forward of friendly positions, and only some thirteen hours after Operation Plunder had begun and Allied ground forces had already crossed the Rhine. There was heavy resistance in some of the areas that the airborne troops landed in, with casualties actually statistically heavier than those incurred during Operation Market Garden. The British
3609:, most of the units were flown into landing grounds which had been seized by glider infantry transported by the American First Air Commando Group, commencing on March 5. Aircraft continued to land reinforcements at captured or hastily constructed landing strips until monsoon rains made them unusable. Small detachments were subsequently landed by parachute. The operation eventually wound down in July, with the exhausted Chindits making their way overland to link up with advancing American and Chinese forces.
3387:
4409:
4351:
3287:, at 1130 on the night of 5 June and Saint-Marcel (8–18 June). At this time, there was approximately 100,000 German troops and artillery preparing to move to the Normandy landing areas. Immediately upon landing, 18 Free French went into action near Plumelec against German troops (Vlassov's army). The Free French established a base at Saint-Marcel and began to arm and equip local resistance fighters, operating with up to 3,000
4038:
3841:) commandos, were parachuted into Indian territory. Of the 180 para-commandos dropped, 138, including all officers but one, were captured and safely taken to prisoner of war (POW) camps. Twenty-two were killed, or rather lynched by joint combing teams of villagers armed with sticks, police and even bands of muleteers released by the Army, from the animal transport battalion of the nearby Corps headquarters.
3477:
3207:
2914:
Afrika Korps in
Tunisia. A unit of French Algerian infantry, the 3rd Regiment of Zouaves, was present at Youk-les-Bains and awarded the American paratroopers their own regimental crest as a gesture of respect. This badge was awarded to the battalion commander on 15 November 1942 by the 3rd Zouaves' regimental commander, and is worn today by all members of the 509th Infantry.
3291:. However, their base was heavily attacked by a German paratroop division on 18 June, and the men were forced to disperse. Captain Pierre Marienne with 17 of his companions (six paratroopers, eight resistance fighters and three farmers) died a few weeks later in Kerihuel, Plumelec, at dawn of 12 July. The Dingson team was joined by the men who had just completed
3143:(future commander of the 101st Airborne Division), being sent on a personal reconnaissance mission to Rome to assess the prospects of success. His report via radio on September 8 caused the operation to be postponed (and canceled the next day) as troop carriers loaded with two battalions of the 504th PIR were warming up for takeoff.
2952:, with other supporting units), making their first combat jump. Strong winds encountered en route blew the dropping aircraft off course and scattered them widely. The result was that around half the paratroopers failed to make it to their rallying points. The British airborne troops from the 1st Airborne Division were
3084:
been earmarked for combat, the Swing Board selected it as the test formation. The maneuver would additionally provide the 11th
Airborne and its individual units with further training, as had occurred several months previously in an earlier large-scale exercise conducted by the 82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions.
4061:
was subordinated directly to the
Ministry of Defense of USSR, and was a 'prestige service' in the armed forces of the USSR and Russia to reflect its strategic purpose. Recruits received much more rigorous training and better equipment than ordinary Soviet units. Unlike most airborne forces, which are
3428:
Operation
Repulse, which took place in Bastogne on December 23, 24, 26, and 27, 1944, as part of the Battle of the Bulge, glider pilots, although flying directly through enemy fire, were able to land, delivering the badly needed ammunition, gasoline and medical supplies that enabled defenders against
3419:
could rapidly advance in
Operation Garden, the land phase. It was a daylight assault, with little initial opposition, and most units achieved high accuracy on drop and landing zones. In the end, after strong German counterattacks, the overall plan failed: the British 1st Airborne Division was all but
3410:
Rivers, in an attempt to outflank German fortifications and penetrate into
Germany. The operation was hastily planned and many key planning tasks were inadequately completed. Three complete airborne divisions executed Operation Market, the airborne phase. These were the British 1st Airborne Division,
3110:
gliders. The transport aircraft were divided into four groups, two of which carried paratroopers while the other two towed gliders. Each group took off from a different airfield in the
Carolinas. The four groups deployed a total of 4,800 troops in the first wave. Eighty-five percent were delivered to
2882:
This was the last large-scale airborne assault by Hitler and the
Germans. The German paratroopers had such a high casualty rate that Hitler forbade any further large-scale airborne attacks. The Allies, on the other hand, were very impressed by the potential of paratroopers, and started to build their
2355:
which was crucial for the
Luftwaffe for operations over Norway. In Norway, a company of paratroopers dropped at Oslo's undefended airstrip. Over the course of the morning and early afternoon of April 9, 1940, the Germans flew in sufficient reinforcements to move into the capital in the afternoon, but
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made more parachute jumps than any other military unit in history. While an Allied paratrooper of the Second World War would be considered a "veteran" after one operational jump, an RLI paratrooper could make three operational jumps in a single day, each in a different location, and each preceding a
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The U.S. 11th and 13th Airborne Divisions were held in reserve in the United States until 1944 when the 11th Airborne Division was deployed to the Pacific, but mostly used as ground troops or for smaller airborne operations. The 13th Airborne Division was deployed to France in January 1945 but never
4195:
The Battle of Kolwezi was an airborne operation by French and Belgian airborne forces that took place in May 1978 in Zaire during the Shaba II invasion of Zaire by the Front for the National Liberation of the Congo (FLNC). It aimed at rescuing European and Zairean hostages held by FLNC rebels after
3732:
The unit was assigned to the reactivated 101st Airborne Division and subsequently inactivated as a combat team in 1956 as part of the division's reorganization into the Pentomic structure, which featured battle groups in place of regiments and battalions. The 1st and 3rd Battalions, 187th Infantry,
3724:
provided the medical cover for the operations, dropping an ADS and a surgical team totalling 7 officers and 5 other ranks, treating over 400 battle casualties apart from the civilian casualties that formed the core of their objective as the unit was on a humanitarian mission. The unit was to become
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on February 27, 1942. The key electronic components of the system were dismantled by an English radar mechanic and brought back to Britain for examination so that countermeasures could be devised. The result was a British victory. Of the 120 paratroopers who dropped in the dead of night, there were
2123:
fire from ground defenders, but combat jumps are at low altitude (400–500 ft) and normally carried out a short distance away (or directly on if lightly defended) from the target area at night. Airborne operations are also particularly sensitive to weather conditions, which can be dangerous to
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to form a committee—the Swing Board—composed of air force, parachute, glider infantry and artillery officers, whose arrangements for the maneuver would effectively decide the fate of divisional-sized airborne forces. As the 11th Airborne Division was in reserve in the United States and had not yet
2913:
One week later, after repacking their own chutes, 304 men of the battalion conducted a second combat jump on 15 November 1942 to secure the airfield at Youk-les-Bains near the Tunisian border. From this base, the battalion conducted combined operations with various French forces against the German
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Fireforce counter-insurgency missions were designed to trap and eliminate insurgents before they could flee. The Rhodesian Security Force could react quickly to insurgent ambushes, farm attacks, Observation Post sightings, and could also be called in as reinforcements by trackers or patrols which
3848:
The War also saw the establishment of the first Indian Airborne Special Forces Unit - The Meghdoot Force - which was tasked with operations behind Pakistani Lines. This force is the predecessor to the modern India Para commando (SF) units, and had a major influence on modern Indian Special forces
3186:, was mounted by men drawn from the Folgore and Nembo divisions, operating with British equipment and under British command as No. 1 Italian Special Air Service Regiment. The men dropped in small groups from American C-47s and carried out a successful railway sabotage operation in northern Italy.
2768:
Axis air superiority early in the conflict limited the ability of the Soviets to mount such operations, whilst later in the conflict ongoing shortages of materiel, including silk for parachutes, was also a problem. Nonetheless, the Soviets maintained their doctrinal belief in the effectiveness of
2398:, an airborne assault army corps that consisted of one parachute division and one division of airlanding troops plus the necessary transport capacity. The existence of this formation had been carefully kept secret until then. Two simultaneous airborne operations were launched. German paratroopers
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landed on target, with more than half landing in the sea. Nevertheless, the scattered airborne troops maximised their opportunities, attacking patrols and creating confusion wherever possible. On the night of 11 July, a reinforcement drop of the 82nd, consisting of the 504th Parachute Regimental
2209:. The operation was planned for February 1919 but the war ended before the attack could be seriously planned. Mitchell conceived that US troops could be rapidly trained to utilize parachutes and drop from converted bombers to land behind Metz in synchronisation with a planned infantry offensive.
2592:
Ironically, the battle that ended Germany's paratrooper operations had the opposite effect on the Allies. Convinced of the effectiveness of airborne assaults after Crete, the Allies hurried to train and organize their own airborne units. The British established No.1 Parachute Training School at
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transport aircraft, with another Alouette III helicopter as a command/gunship aircraft and a light attack aircraft in support. One of the advantages of the Fireforce was its flexibility as all that was needed was a reasonable airstrip. It was such a successful tactic that some Rhodesian Light
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have brought increased flexibility, and air assaults have largely been the preferred method of insertion for recent conflicts, but airborne insertion is still maintained as a rapid response capability to get troops on the ground anywhere in the world within hours for a variety of missions.
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The 187th served in six campaigns in Korea. Shortly after the war the 187th ARCT was considered for use in an Airborne drop to relieve the surrounded French garrison at Dien Bien Phu in Vietnam but the United States, at that time, decided not to send its troops into the combat zone.
2897:
The first United States airborne combat mission occurred during Operation Torch in North Africa on 8 November 1942. 531 men of the 2nd Battalion, 509th Parachute Infantry Regiment flew over 1,600 miles (2,600 km) at night from Britain, over Spain, intending to drop near
3245:. The American glider and parachute infantry of the 82nd (Operation Detroit) and 101st Airborne Divisions (Operation Chicago), though widely scattered by poor weather and poorly marked landing zones in the American airborne landings in Normandy, secured the western flank of
2216:
experimented with the concept of carrying troops on the wings of aircraft, with them pulled off by the opening of their parachutes. The first true paratroop drop was by Italy in November 1927. Within a few years, several battalions were raised and eventually formed into two
2248:. To help train enough experienced jumpers, parachute clubs were organized with the aim of transferring into the armed forces if needed. Planning progressed to the point that Corps-size drops were demonstrated to foreign observers, including the British Military Attaché
3833:. The war in 1965 had the largest use of paratrooper forces, and unlike in previous conflicts, they were used in their intended capacity fully (They were not used in the airborne capacity in 1961, and it is unconfirmed in 1947). A covert operation was launched by the
2573:
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As part of Operation Husky, the Allied invasion of the island of Sicily, four airborne operations (two British and two American) were carried out, landing during the nights of July 9 and 10 1943. The American paratroopers were from the 82nd Airborne Division, mainly
3844:
Only 20 para-commandos were unaccounted for and most escaped back to Pakistan under the fog. Most of these were from the Pathankot group, dropped less than 10 km from the border in an area that had plenty of ravines, riverine tracks to navigate back along.
2801:
Britain's first airborne assault took place on February 10, 1941, when 'X' Troop, No 11 Special Air Service Battalion (which was formed from No 2 Commando and subsequently became 1st Battalion, The Parachute Regiment) dropped into southern Italy from converted
2175:: And where is the Prince who can afford so to cover his Country with Troops for its Defense, as that Ten Thousand Men descending from the Clouds, might not in many Places do an infinite deal of Mischief, before a Force could be brought together to repel them?
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made contact with the enemy. It was first deployed in January 1974 and saw its first action a month later on 24 February 1974. By the end of Rhodesian operations with internal peace agreements, Fireforce was a well-developed counterinsurgency tactic.
3673:
and the oilfields surrounding is, on Sumatra from 29 December 1948 to 23 January 1949. From the Indonesian side, the first airborne operation was an airborne-infiltration operation by 14 paratroopers on 17 October 1947, in Kotawaringin, Kalimantan.
3123:
from German occupation. Operation Giant II was a planned drop of one regiment of the U.S. 82nd Airborne Division northwest of Rome, to assist four Italian divisions in seizing the Italian capital. An airborne assault plan to seize crossings of the
3132:, called Operation Giant, was abandoned in favor of the Rome mission. However, doubts about the willingness and capability of Italian forces to cooperate, and the distance of the mission far beyond support by the Allied military, resulted in the
2647:
type operations, or to organize entire airborne divisions for larger operations. Many of the early successful airborne operations were small, carried out by a few units, such as seizing a bridge. After seeing success of other units and observing
3812:
from ships offshore. Both the British and the French accomplished total military victory against the disorganized Egyptian military and local armed civilians but political events forced total retreat of these forces after 48 hours of fighting.
2437:
forbade their use in such operations in the future. He felt that the main strength of the paratroopers was novelty, and now that the British had clearly figured out how to defend against them, there was no real point to using them any more.
2764:
The Soviets mounted only one large-scale airborne operation in World War II, despite their early leadership in the field in the 1930s. Russia also pioneered the development of combat gliders, but used them only for cargo during the war.
3938:
was launched, it would be the largest operation the Allied forces would assemble. During this operation, 845 members of the 2nd Battalion, 503rd Airmen (Airborne), the 319th Artillery (Airborne), and elements of H&H company of the
4857:
2429:, enabled the British to wait on each German drop zone, yet despite compromised secrecy, surviving German paratroops and airlanded mountain troops pushed the Commonwealth forces off the island in part by unexpected fire support from
4103:, or striped shirt, and the famous blue beret. Airborne assault (десантно-штурмовые войска or DShV) units wore similar striped shirts (as did the naval infantry) but used helicopters, rather than the Military Transport Aviation's
2267:
aircraft to train on. The military had already purchased large numbers of Junkers Ju 52s which were slightly modified for use as paratroop transports in addition to their other duties. The first training class was known as
4163:
Executed in the highest battlefield in the world, Meghdoot was the first ever military offensive of its kind. The operation was a success, resulting in Indian forces gaining control of the Siachen Glacier in its entirety.
3792:
needed the element of total surprise to succeed, and all 660 men had to be on the ground at El Gamil airfield and ready for action within four and a half minutes. At 04.15 hours on November 5, 1956, British 3rd Battalion,
3069:, had similar misgivings: once an airborne supporter, he had been greatly disappointed by the performance of airborne units in North Africa and more recently Sicily. However, other high-ranking officers, including the
2910:, and only ten actually delivered their troops by parachute drop. The remainder off-loaded after 28 C-47 troop carriers, short on fuel, landed on the Sebkra d'Oran dry lake, and marched overland to their objectives.
3440:
was a daylight assault conducted by two airborne divisions, the British 6th Airborne Division and the U.S. 17th Airborne Division, both of which were part of the U.S. XVIII Airborne Corps. Conducted as a part of
5057:
3585:, 23 February 1945. The final operation of the division was conducted on 23 June 1945, in conjunction with an advance by U.S. ground forces in northern Luzon. A task force from the 11th was formed and jumped on
3374:, dropped 736 men of the 551st PIB with nearly 100% effectiveness late on the afternoon of August 15. The airborne objective was to capture the area, destroy all enemy positions and hold the ground until the
3158:
as a guide. The next night the 505th PIR was also dropped into the beachhead as reinforcement. In all, 3,500 paratroopers made the most concentrated mass night drop in history, providing the model for the
2229:, they were never used in a parachute drop. Men drawn from the Italian parachute forces were dropped in a special-forces operation in North Africa in 1943 in an attempt to destroy parked aircraft of the
3275:(5–18 June 1944) was conducted by about 178 Free French paratroops of the 4th Special Air Service (SAS), commanded by Colonel Pierre-Louis Bourgoin, who jumped into German-occupied France near Vannes,
3106:
The Knollwood Maneuver took place on the night of 7 December 1943, with the 11th Airborne Division being airlifted to thirteen separate objectives by 200 C-47 Skytrain transport aircraft and 234
3076:, believed otherwise. Marshall persuaded Eisenhower to set up a review board and to withhold judgement until the outcome of a large-scale maneuver, planned for December 1943, could be assessed.
3306:
In Operation Dingson 35A, on 5 August 1944, 10 Waco CG-4A gliders towed by aircraft of 298 Squadron and 644 Squadron transported Free French SAS men and armed jeeps to Brittany near Vannes (
3310:), each glider carrying three Free French troopers and a jeep. One glider was lost with the death of the British pilot. The SAS teams remained behind enemy lines until the Allies arrived.
3398:
Operation Market Garden of September 1944, involved 35,000 airborne troops dropped up to 100 miles (160 km) behind German lines in an attempt to capture a series of bridges over the
4551:
3911:
landed in the city while paratroops simultaneously descended on the city. 641 Indonesian paratroopers jumped into Dili, where they engaged in six-hours combat with East Timorese gunmen.
3965:
The world record for operational jumps by an individual soldier is held by Corporal Des Archer of 1 Commando, RLI, who made 73 operational jumps between 1977 and the end of the war.
2291:
also organized airborne units around this time. France became the first nation to organize women in an airborne unit, recruiting 200 nurses who during peacetime would parachute into
3150:
on September 13. However, significant German counterattacks, beginning on September 12, resulted in a shrinking of the American perimeter and threatened destruction of the Salerno
3865:
of the Indian Army fought in numerous contacts in both the Eastern and Western Theatres. On 11 December, India airdropped the 2nd battalion (2 Para) in what is now famous as the
3725:
the longest-serving military unit in any UN operation till date, serving from October 1950 till May 1953, a total of three and a half years, returning home to a heroes' welcome.
5109:
3460:
has labelled the operation both costly and unnecessary, writing that "Operation Varsity was a folly for which more than a thousand men paid for with their lives ..."
4257:. As they were already in the air to be deployed over the target, Cédras finally stepped down from his rule in part due to the diplomatic efforts led by former President
5049:
3574:
3100:
4361:
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2826:) mounted a night parachute insertion onto two drop zones in Bir Temrad, North Africa on the night of November 16/17 1941 in preparation for a stealthy attack on the
2383:
on the morning of May 10, 1940, and disabled the majority of its artillery. The fort held on for another day before surrendering. This opened up Belgium to attack by
4537:
Major & Mrs Holt's pocket battlefield guide to Ypres & Passchendaele : 1st Ypres; 2nd Ypres (Gas Attack); 3rd Ypres (Passchendaele) 4th Ypres (The Lys)
3061:
reviewed the airborne role in Operation Husky and concluded that large-scale formations were too difficult to control in combat to be practical. Lieutenant General
3362:. Once they had captured their initial targets, they were reinforced by 2,600 soldiers and critical equipment carried in 408 gliders daylight missions code-named
4965:
2536:
in February 1942. Japanese airborne units suffered heavy casualties during the Dutch East Indies campaign, and were rarely used as parachute troops afterward.
3119:
Italy agreed to an armistice with the Allies on September 3, 1943, with the stipulation that the Allies would provide military support to Italy in defending
2902:
and capture two airfields. Navigation errors, communications problems, and bad weather scattered the forces. Seven of the 39 C-47s landed far from Oran from
2491:
5640:
2892:
2781:). It was unsuccessful. Airborne formations were used as elite infantry units however, and played a critical role in several battles. For example, at the
4242:
3869:. The paratroop unit was instrumental in denying the retreat and regrouping of the Pakistani Army and contributed substantially to the early collapse of
2748:
was the principal force in Operation Dragoon in Southern France. The 17th Airborne Division deployed to England in 1944 but did not see combat until the
3252:
83:
2973:
3103:. The entire operation was observed by McNair, who would ultimately have a significant say in deciding the fate of the parachute infantry divisions.
3412:
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1007:
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3099:. The force defending the airfield and its environs was a combat team composed of elements of the 17th Airborne Division and a battalion from the
3038:
before they reached their target. Only 295 officers and men were dropped close enough to carry out the assault. They captured the bridge, but the
2957:
2941:
2937:
2721:
2657:
1434:
3194:
The Allies had learned better tactics and logistics from their earlier airborne drops, and these lessons were applied for the assaults along the
3581:
on 3 February 1945, meeting no resistance at the drop zone. Elements of the division also jumped to liberate 2,000 Allied civilians interned at
2406:, hoping to seize the Dutch government. From one of these airfields, they were driven out after the first wave of reinforcements, brought in by
5587:
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3335:
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2676:
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The Soviets sent at least one team of observers to the British and American airborne planning for D-Day, but did not reciprocate the liaison.
5010:
4987:
On 28 March 2003, 3rd Battalion employed the first airborne assault in Iraq to seize Objective Serpent in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom.
3088:
3043:
2991:
Despite a catastrophic loss of gliders and troops loads at sea, the British 1st Airlanding Brigade captured the Ponte Grande bridge south of
2202:
3971:
is a variant of the tactic of vertical envelopment of a target by helicopter-borne and small groups of parachute infantry developed by the
3927:
forces delivered airborne troops by helicopter and air drop. The use of helicopter-borne airmobile troops by the United States Army in the
2854:
site on the coast of France was attacked by a company of 120 British paratroopers from 2 Battalion, Parachute Regiment, commanded by Major
3229:
on June 6, 1944. The task of the airborne forces was to secure the flanks and approaches of the landing beaches in Normandy. The British
2785:, the Guards Airborne defended the eastern shoulder of the southern penetration and was critical to holding back the German penetration.
4208:
3794:
3586:
3167:, to disrupt German motorized movements, was badly dispersed and failed to destroy the bridge before the Germans withdrew to the north.
3049:
The Allied commanders were forced to reassess the use of airborne forces after the many misdrops and the deadly friendly fire incident.
2692:
1790:
3962:
successful contact with the enemy. Between 1976 and 1980, over 14,000 jumps were recorded by the Rhodesian Security Forces as a whole.
3698:, North Korea. The missions of the 187th were to cut the road north going to China, preventing North Korean leaders from escaping from
3567:
2945:
4960:
4597:
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4449:
3415:. All units were landed or dropped at various points along Highway 69 ("Hell's Highway") in order to create a "carpet" over which the
3339:
2714:
2335:, the Luftwaffe dropped paratroopers on several locations. In Denmark, a small unit dropped on the Masnedøfort on the small island of
2312:
Several groups within the German armed forces attempted to raise their own paratroop formations, resulting in confusion. As a result,
1985:
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3182:, took place. However the Italian troops were not dropped as a unit, but as a series of small (8–10 man) groups. Another operation,
3137:
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2688:
2249:
1439:
4445:
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4643:
4234:, the 2nd and 3rd(-) Ranger Battalions, along with the 75th Ranger Regiment regimental headquarters, conducted a combat jump onto
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One of the most famous of airborne operations was Operation Neptune, the assault of Normandy, part of Operation Overlord of the
1500:
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Fireforce was an operational assault or response usually composed of a first wave of 32 soldiers carried to the scene by three
2625:
2082:
The main advantage of airborne forces is their ability to be deployed into combat zones without a land passage, as long as the
1862:
1287:
132:
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they conquered the city of Kolwezi. The operation succeeded with the liberation of the hostages and light military casualties.
2995:. Before the German counterattack, the beach landings took place unopposed and the 1st Airlanding Brigade was relieved by the
4620:
3721:
3621:
3319:
3154:. As a result, Giant I was cancelled and the 504th PIR instead dropped into the beachhead on the night of September 13 using
2633:
2629:
2213:
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5188:
3636:, the Peruvian army established its own paratrooper unit and used it to great effect by seizing the Ecuadorian port city of
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in northwest Pakistan, to seize control of strategic mountain areas in order to support special forces and infantry troops.
4176:
Elements of 1st Bn, 508th Infantry parachuting onto a drop zone, outside of Panama City in support of Operation Just Cause.
2632:. The Indian airborne forces expanded during the war to the point that an airborne corps was planned bringing together the
5761:
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2218:
2043:
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30:
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3346:, and supporting units. Nearly 400 aircraft delivered 5,600 paratroopers and 150 guns to three drops zones surrounding
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On the evening of July 13, 1943, more than 112 aircraft carrying 1,856 men and 16 gliders with 77 artillerymen and ten
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were also dropped by air, the only time this capability was used in combat. At the same time as the combat jump onto
3616:, an ad hoc parachute battalion group made up of personnel from the 153 and 154 (Gurkha) Parachute Battalions of the
2430:
2090:; a sizeable force can appear "out of the sky" behind enemy lines in merely hours if not minutes, an action known as
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The VDV have participated in virtually all Soviet and Russian conflicts since the Second World War, including the
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and a small command and control element from the regimental headquarters of the 75th Ranger Regiment jumped into
4218:
the U.S. 82nd Airborne Division made its first combat jump in over 40 years. The 1st Brigade of the 82nd secured
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taken prisoner around The Hague, were shipped to England just before the capitulation of the Dutch armed forces.
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and local Vietnamese units took part in numerous operations which were to culminate in the disastrous siege of
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4226:. The jump followed the 1st Ranger Battalion(+) of the 75th Ranger Regiment's combat jump onto the airfield.
3547:
The honors for recapturing the Rock went to the 503rd Parachute Regimental Combat Team of Lieutenant Colonel
3163:
in June 1944. An additional drop on the night of September 14–15 of the 509th PIB to destroy a key bridge at
2752:
in January 1945 where they, along with the 82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions were deployed as ground troops.
2097:
Airborne forces typically lack enough supplies for prolonged combat and so they are used for establishing an
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3391:
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which had been authorised to raise an airborne-capable formation earlier, resulting in the formation of the
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1968:
1950:
1706:
1265:
1187:
1132:
730:
393:
34:
5072:"Sky Soldiers of the 173d Airborne Brigade in Iraq during Operation Iraqi Freedom March 2003-February 2004"
3573:
The U.S. Army's 11th Airborne Division saw a great deal of action in the Philippines as a ground unit. The
2698:, while the American divisions in the European Theatre (the 17th, 82nd, and 101st) were organized into the
2457:
from house arrest with very few shots being fired. On May 25, 1944, paratroopers were dropped as part of a
5304:
Airborne Armour: Tetrarch, Locust, Hamilcar and the 6th Airborne Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment, 1938–50
4325:
4254:
4144:"Operation Cloud Messenger"), launched in the early hours of 13 April 1984, was the codename given to the
3940:
3654:
2680:
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2487:
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2433:, though seaborne reinforcements were destroyed by the Royal Navy. However, the losses were so great that
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1317:
1192:
793:
770:
216:
115:
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of the U.S. Army established the Army's first airborne division. The 101st would be reorganized into the
5766:
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5599:
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4314:
4291:
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jumped in and although opposition was heavy, casualties were few. Meanwhile, French paratroopers of the
3782:
3750:
3521:
3501:
3386:
3288:
3178:-style airborne drop aimed at disrupting German rear area communications and movement over key areas in
1424:
1357:
1310:
964:
927:
890:
808:
760:
644:
454:
262:
171:
5395:
It Never Snows In September – The German View Of MARKET-GARDEN And The Battle Of Arnhem, September 1944
4881:
2259:, was particularly interested. In 1936, Major F. W. Immans was ordered to set up a parachute school at
5050:"A NATION AT WAR: NORTHERN IRAQ; With Smaller Operation Than First Planned, U.S. Opens Northern Front"
3801:
under the command of Colonel Chateau-Jobert jumped on the water treatment factory South of Port Said.
3733:
bearing the lineages of the former Co A and Co C, 187AIR, are now with the 101st Airborne Division as
3371:
3183:
3146:
With Giant II cancelled, Operation Giant I was reactivated to drop two battalions of the 504th PIR at
4373:
4269:
4204:
3691:
3669:
on 19 and 20 December 1948. The second combat jump happened during Operation Ekster: the capture of
3640:, on July 27, 1941, marking the first time in the Americas that airborne troops were used in combat.
3582:
3242:
3210:
3058:
2699:
2426:
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who proposed the creation of an airborne force to assault behind the German lines in 1917 during the
2160:
1815:
1717:
1574:
1569:
1387:
1352:
1087:
907:
765:
701:
555:
525:
122:
3804:
The landings from the sea the next day saw the first large-scale heliborne assault, as 45 Commando,
3249:
with heavy casualties. All together, airborne casualties in Normandy on D-Day totaled around 2,300.
5409:
Hell's Highway – A Chronicle Of The 101st Airborne In The Holland Campaign, September–November 1944
4200:
4149:
3323:
2839:
2749:
2529:
2441:
One notable exception was the use of airborne forces in special operations. On September 12, 1943,
2384:
2379:. In Belgium, a small group of German glider-borne troops landed on top of the Belgian fortress of
2340:
1666:
1651:
1527:
1414:
1392:
1367:
1327:
1237:
1047:
952:
902:
669:
659:
624:
416:
406:
176:
100:
5451:
Four Stars of Valour: The Combat History of the 505th Parachute Infantry Regiment in World War II
5155:
4970:
4501:
4227:
4180:
With the advantages of helicopter use, airborne forces have dwindled in numbers in recent years.
4132:
4022:
4006:
4000:
3972:
3931:
was widespread, and became an iconic image featuring in newsreels and movies about the conflict.
3714:
3606:
3552:
3536:
3454:
3363:
3066:
3031:
3026:, was to capture the Primosole bridge and the high ground around it, providing a pathway for the
2985:
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2835:
2811:
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2737:
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2621:
2466:
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2112:
2087:
2000:
1855:
1775:
1696:
1641:
1616:
1537:
1483:
1449:
1380:
1297:
1207:
1112:
1057:
947:
912:
865:
740:
711:
664:
602:
577:
411:
225:
144:
5132:
3657:
made two combat jumps during the Indonesian War of Independence. The first jump was as part of
3516:
and elements of the Australian Army's 2/4th Field Regiment made a highly successful, unopposed
2822:
54 effectives of 'L' Detachment, Special Air Service Brigade (largely drawn from the disbanded
5649:
5006:
4716:
4684:
4541:
4318:
4295:
4145:
3826:
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3637:
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3171:
3140:
3015:
2851:
2585:
2195:
2191:
2180:
2172:
2156:
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is accessible. Formations of airborne forces are limited only by the number and size of their
2036:
1945:
1892:
1795:
1785:
1780:
1750:
1733:
1728:
1701:
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1347:
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1322:
1242:
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1227:
1202:
1172:
1062:
1032:
1027:
1017:
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1002:
917:
870:
840:
679:
472:
449:
383:
49:
5147:
4235:
4189:
4157:
3920:
3703:
3532:
3292:
3080:
3062:
2992:
2859:
2827:
2509:
2454:
2360:
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2010:
1975:
1907:
1800:
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1631:
1559:
1552:
1409:
1342:
1292:
1282:
1157:
1077:
1037:
1022:
989:
974:
845:
830:
783:
691:
649:
592:
587:
545:
368:
345:
252:
181:
110:
93:
5444:
All American, All the Way: The Combat History Of The 82nd Airborne Division In World War II
4974:
5725:
5705:
5700:
5603:
4589:
4299:
4153:
3896:
3866:
3658:
3590:
3548:
3528:
3446:
3234:
3073:
3023:
2953:
2877:
2782:
2770:
2725:
2706:
2562:. The force destroyed some planes and inflicted casualties, but was eventually wiped out.
2517:
2462:
2446:
2422:
2372:
2368:
2164:
1820:
1805:
1723:
1679:
1621:
1277:
1272:
1162:
1152:
1067:
1042:
984:
825:
755:
745:
684:
597:
582:
477:
277:
257:
105:
45:
4250:
3745:
The French used paratroopers extensively during their 1946-54 war against the Viet Minh.
2643:
A fundamental decision was whether to create small airborne units to be used in specific
4241:
On September 16, 1994, elements of the U.S. 82nd Airborne Division planned to jump into
2984:
casualties when, despite forewarnings, Allied anti-aircraft fire both ashore and aboard
5735:
4853:
4087:
3834:
3666:
3613:
3578:
3484:
transport planes, silhouetted against clouds of smoke created to provide cover, drop a
3445:, the operation took place on 24 March 1945 in aid of an attempt by the Anglo-Canadian
3367:
3300:
3265:
3179:
3096:
2933:
2728:
in North Africa. The U.S. 82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions saw the most action in the
2653:
2547:
2482:
2390:
The Dutch were exposed to the first large scale airborne attack in history. During the
2371:
Storch light reconnaissance planes on the bridges immediately to the south of the 10th
2364:
2280:
2198:
2060:
2005:
1995:
1743:
1167:
1127:
1105:
1092:
1082:
1052:
969:
922:
725:
716:
607:
560:
540:
530:
500:
467:
355:
312:
267:
139:
72:
5033:
Jones, Robert W. Jr. (2005). "The jump at Objective Serpent: 3/75th Rangers in Iraq".
4635:
4408:
3233:
and paratroopers of the 6th Airborne Division, which secured the eastern flank during
2171:
Five Thousand Balloons capable of raising two Men each, would not cost more than Five
5750:
5159:
4306:
4083:
3991:
Infantry soldiers reputedly made as many as three parachute combat jumps in one day.
3821:
Paratroopers were used in combat in South Asia after the Second World War during the
3805:
3766:
3754:
3481:
3307:
3035:
2981:
2458:
2442:
2407:
2264:
2105:
have also been modified for paradropping with infantry to provide heavier firepower.
1842:
1830:
1686:
1606:
1522:
1505:
1362:
1217:
1197:
880:
875:
855:
835:
750:
721:
696:
572:
550:
535:
510:
350:
272:
235:
230:
127:
4658:
4037:
5720:
5680:
4462:
4258:
3983:
3770:
3717:. The mission was to get behind Chinese forces and block their movement north. The
3457:
3403:
3087:
The 11th Airborne, as the attacking force, was assigned the objective of capturing
2644:
2581:
2565:
Japan built a combat strike force of 825 gliders but never committed it to battle.
2434:
2317:
2256:
2237:
2226:
2188:
2144:
2029:
1955:
1935:
1930:
1825:
1770:
1404:
1399:
1222:
1137:
885:
619:
520:
317:
221:
2663:
The Allies eventually formed two British and five American divisions: the British
2240:
was also experimenting with the idea, planning to drop entire units complete with
5311:
Raising Churchill's Army – The British Army And The War Against Germany 1919–1945
5225:
Utah Beach: The Amphibious Landing and Airborne Operations on D-Day, June 6, 1944
4612:
4535:
3873:
via covert operations. The regiment earned the battle honours of Poongli Bridge,
3837:
with the intention of infiltrating Indian airbases and sabotaging them. The SSG (
2128:, and so extensive planning is critical to the success of an airborne operation.
5730:
5690:
5685:
5416:
Birth of a Regiment: The 504th Parachute Infantry Regiment in Sicily and Salerno
5274:
Paratrooper – The Saga Of Parachute And Glider Combat Troops During World War II
5267:
Pamphlet No. 20-232, Historical Study – Airborne Operations – A German Appraisal
5184:
5151:
4046:
3928:
3734:
3718:
3617:
3476:
3450:
3399:
3155:
2810:
and demolished a span of the aqueduct near Tragino in a daring night raid named
2649:
2602:
2594:
2559:
2473:
2320:
was put in overall command of developing a paratrooper force to be known as the
2184:
2076:
1940:
1691:
1656:
1495:
1182:
1147:
860:
803:
706:
490:
211:
206:
37:
17:
5282:
When Failure Thrives: Institutions and the Evolution of Postwar Airborne Forces
4735:
USAF Historical Study No. 74: Airborne Missions in the Mediterranean, 1942–1945
3206:
4279:
On March 23, 2003, 3/75 Ranger Regiment conducted a combat jump into northern
4099:
4097:. As an elite force, the VDV developed two distinctive items of clothing: the
3774:
3687:
3497:
3107:
2598:
2380:
2336:
2245:
2159:
envisioned the danger of airborne attack in 1784, only a few months after the
2136:
2108:
1897:
1867:
1589:
958:
3620:
secured Japanese coastal defences, which enabled the seaborne assault by the
2834:
in order to destroy the Axis fighter force on the ground before the start of
2620:, in October/November 1941, at the then-Welllingdon Airport (now the defunct
5665:
5071:
3968:
3952:
3809:
3710:
3699:
3485:
3257:
3151:
3011:
2903:
2613:
2403:
2313:
2296:
2276:
2140:
2125:
2101:
to bring in larger forces before carrying out other combat objectives. Some
1887:
1711:
1661:
1611:
1601:
1596:
1461:
1252:
1247:
1212:
654:
340:
307:
196:
4720:
3562:. The U.S. 503rd Parachute Infantry Regiment's most famous operation was a
3351:
5583:— "Operation Varsity: Allied Airborne Assault Over the Rhine River" (1998)
4053:
The Soviet Union maintained the world's largest airborne force during the
3420:
destroyed at Arnhem, and the final Rhine bridge remained in German hands.
2773:, throughout the war. The largest drop during the war was corp-sized (the
5528:
American Eagles – The 101st Airborne's Assault On Fortress Europe 1944/45
5437:
By Air To Battle – The Official Account Of The British Airborne Divisions
4333:
4273:
4079:
4054:
4014:
3602:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3175:
3164:
3125:
2976:
and Company 'A' of the 307th Airborne Engineer Battalion), under Colonel
2823:
2513:
2376:
2120:
2119:. Their necessarily-slow descent causes paratroopers to be vulnerable to
2083:
2072:
1902:
1877:
1510:
1142:
1117:
735:
290:
164:
4502:"Founders Online: From Benjamin Franklin to Ingenhousz, 16 January 1784"
4444:
5710:
5695:
4223:
4185:
3874:
3695:
3662:
3004:
3000:
2907:
2551:
2533:
2348:
2344:
2260:
2098:
2068:
2064:
1912:
1872:
1636:
1470:
1466:
813:
798:
674:
335:
330:
300:
239:
201:
27:
Military units set up to be moved by aircraft and "dropped" into battle
4057:, consisting of seven airborne divisions and a training division. The
2988:
ships shot down 23 of the transports as they flew over the beachhead.
4018:
3524:. This was the first Allied airborne assault in the Pacific Theater.
3493:
3355:
3347:
2831:
2288:
2284:
1419:
820:
637:
373:
5618:
5608:
5592:— "101st Airborne Division Participate in Operation Overlord" (2004)
5564:
4843:
Hastings, Max, 'Armageddon: The Battle For Germany 1944–1945', p.431
3330:, the invasion of Southern France, with a dawn assault. Called the "
2071:
into battle zones, typically by parachute drop. Parachute-qualified
4123:
The Soviets maintained three glider infantry regiments until 1965.
3504:. A battalion dropped minutes earlier is landing in the foreground.
3468:
The following airborne operations against the Japanese are famous.
3429:
the German offensive to persevere and secure the ultimate victory.
2652:
training methods on how training can be done in June 1940, General
4443:
4171:
4112:
4108:
4104:
4075:
4067:
4042:
4036:
4010:
3870:
3670:
3475:
3407:
3385:
3251:
3205:
3147:
2807:
2617:
2572:
2555:
2075:
and support personnel serving in airborne units are also known as
895:
431:
426:
29:
5559:
4636:"The Japanese Invasion of Dutch West Timor Island, February 1942"
4524:. Military Service Publishing Company; Harrisburg, 1943: pp.v–ix.
3709:
The second combat jump was made on Wednesday, March 21, 1951, at
3046:
of the Eighth Army, which re-took the bridge at dawn on 16 July.
5715:
5670:
4329:
4280:
4029:, it was the South African Army's first major airborne assault.
3987:
3924:
3904:
3624:
to attain its objectives with a minimum of casualties and time.
3120:
2899:
2206:
2132:
191:
186:
5622:
5535:"Bounce The Rhine" – The Greatest Airborne Operation In History
5037:(Winter). United States Army Special Operations Command: 52–54.
4590:"The Japanese paratroopers in the Dutch East Indies, 1941–1942"
3322:
provisional airborne division, commanded by U.S. Major General
3042:
recaptured it. They held the high ground until relieved by the
5374:
Out Of The Blue – U.S Army Airborne Operations In World War II
5239:
Ridgway's Paratroopers – The American Airborne In World War II
5185:"Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941–1942"
4403:
4344:
4021:
on 4 May 1978. Conducted as one of the three major actions of
3492:
and elements of the Australian Army's 2/4th Field Regiment at
3334:", the force was composed of the 1st Special Services Forces,
3079:
McNair ordered 11th Airborne Division commander Major general
2980:, behind American lines at Farello airfield resulted in heavy
2967:, and they fared little better. Only 12 out of 137 gliders in
64:
5493:
Operation Plunder – The British & Canadian Rhine Crossing
5486:
The Red Beret – The Story Of The Parachute Regiment 1940–1945
4286:
On March 26, 2003, the U.S. 173rd Airborne Brigade conducted
5596:
5507:
Airborne To Battle – A History Of Airborne Warfare 1918–1971
4663:
Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941–1942
4640:
Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941–1942
4617:
Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941–1942
4594:
Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941–1942
3338:, the 517th Parachute Regimental Combat Team, the 509th and
5565:
AirborneSappers.org: Airborne Engineers Association website
5133:"The development of airborne warfare tactics (1935 – 2020)"
4737:(1953) Air Force Historical research Agency (AFHRA), p. 40.
4700:
The Soviet Military Encyclopedic Dictionary (1983), p. 174.
3411:
the U.S. 82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions, as well as the
4681:
Soviet military operational art: in pursuit of deep battle
4184:
On July 20, 1974, several landings took place at north of
2225:
divisions. Although they later fought with distinction in
5609:
Pathfindergroupuk.com: Pathfinder Parachute Group website
5555:
Nga-airborne-assoc.org: NGA Airborne Association website
5458:
The Red Devils – The Story Of The British Airborne Forces
4115:, which carried the airborne troops and their equipment.
3690:. The first combat jump was made on October 20, 1950, at
2972:
Combat Team (composed of the 1st and 2nd Battalions, the
2421:
greatest victory and greatest losses occurred during the
2351:. A paratroop detachment also dropped at the airfield of
4309:'s paratroopers conducted combat jump operations during
3686:("Rakkasans") made two combat jumps in Korea during the
5472:
The Rhine Crossing – 9th US Army & 17th US Airborne
5297:
Airborne – A Combat History Of American Airborne Forces
4420:
4369:
4253:, and to restore the democratically elected president,
2687:. By 1944, the British divisions were grouped into the
5521:
Assault From The Sky – The History Of Airborne Warfare
4452:. Wings are a symbol commonly worn by airborne forces.
4249:, an effort to overthrow the military dictatorship of
2299:
who would be a uniformed medical unit during wartime.
3366:, phase 2, simultaneous with the beach landings, and
4082:
self-propelled 120 mm gun-howitzer-mortars and
2394:, the Germans threw into battle almost their entire
5035:
Veritas: Journal of Army Special Operations History
4294:, to seize an airfield and support special forces (
3769:, on October 29, 1956, Israeli paratroopers led by
3390:Waves of paratroops land in the Netherlands during
2818:
Operation Squatter: Raid on Axis airfields in Libya
2252:, in the Kiev military district maneuvers of 1935.
5574:— "Airborne Operations During World War II" (2004)
4540:. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military. p. 35.
4324:In January 2013, 250 French paratroopers from the
2272:. They commenced the first course on May 3, 1936.
2179:An early modern operation was first envisioned by
5381:"Over The Rhine" – The Last Days Of War In Europe
5102:"French-led operation looks north after Timbuktu"
5002:Fighting Elites: A History of U.S. Special Forces
3605:, operated behind Japanese lines during 1944. In
2640:, but the war ended before it could materialize.
2539:On 6 December 1944, a 750-strong detachment from
2498:. They used paratroops in several battles in the
5232:101st Airborne: The Screaming Eagles at Normandy
3761:Suez crisis: Operations Machbesh & Musketeer
3661:: the capture of Yogyakarta, and the capture of
3239:capture of the Caen canal and Orne river bridges
2797:Operation Colossus: Raid on the Tragino Aqueduct
2356:by that time the Norwegian government had fled.
4332:to support an offensive to capture the city of
4062:a light infantry force, VDV has evolved into a
2169:
5048:Schmitt, Eric; Rohde, David (March 27, 2003).
4066:parachute-deployed force thanks to its use of
4005:During the War in Angola, paratroopers of the
2331:During the invasions of Norway and Denmark in
48:aircraft during water rescue training off the
5634:
5339:Para! – Fifty Years Of The Parachute Regiment
4966:United States Army Special Operations Command
4358:The examples and perspective in this section
3370:, phase 3. A second daylight parachute drop,
2769:airborne forces, as part of their concept of
2720:The first U.S. airborne operation was by the
2037:
8:
4821:
4819:
4817:
4815:
4013:(SWAPO) military base at the former town of
3785:'s first and largest combat parachute drop.
2447:glider-based assault on the Gran Sasso Hotel
2321:
5500:The airborne troops during the World War II
5327:, Macdonald & Co (Publishers) Ltd, 1974
5260:The Penguin History of the Second World War
5177:Armageddon – The Battle For Germany 1944–45
4852:The paratroopers were dropped from Italian
4141:
3527:In July 1944, the 503rd jumped again, onto
3382:Operation Market Garden: "A Bridge Too Far"
2893:British airborne operations in North Africa
2863:two killed, six wounded, and six captured.
5641:
5627:
5619:
5423:The History of the 101st Airborne Division
4713:With the 6th Airborne Division in Normandy
4376:, or create a new section, as appropriate.
3566:("The Rock") in February 1945, during the
3318:On August 15, 1944, airborne units of the
2584:talking to paratroopers in preparation of
2508:airborne troops were first dropped at the
2044:
2030:
54:
5523:, David & Charles Publisher plc, 1988
5502:, Military Publishing House Romania, 2006
5346:Wings Of War – Airborne Warfare 1918–1945
5299:, The Random House Publishing Group, 2002
4659:"The battle for Palembang, February 1942"
4392:Learn how and when to remove this message
3336:British 2nd Independent Parachute Brigade
3213:speaks with American paratroopers of the
2950:456th Parachute Field Artillery Battalion
2667:and 6th Airborne Divisions, and the U.S.
2263:(Borstel), and was allocated a number of
5218:Forgotten Voices Of The Second World War
5060:from the original on September 14, 2017.
3424:Operation Repulse: re-supply of Bastogne
3413:Polish 1st Independent Parachute Brigade
2940:(consisting of the 3rd Battalion of the
2612:An Airlanding School was also set up in
2469:and later postwar leader of Yugoslavia.
1008:List of military strategies and concepts
5439:, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1945
4493:
4011:South West Africa People's Organization
3777:to cut off and engage Egyptian forces.
2425:. Signals intelligence, in the form of
2375:'s route of march through the southern
62:
3943:made the only combat jump in Vietnam.
3799:2nd Marine Infantry Parachute Regiment
3161:American airborne landings in Normandy
3053:Swing Board and the Knollwood Maneuver
2938:505th Parachute Regimental Combat Team
2746:517th Parachute Regimental Combat Team
4554:from the original on 12 December 2017
3684:187th Airborne Regimental Combat Team
3558:, the same units which undertook the
3433:Operation Varsity: The Rhine Crossing
3044:50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division
7:
5112:from the original on 29 January 2013
3601:A large British force, known as the
3577:made the division's first jump near
3014:guns, took off from North Africa in
2601:, which trained all 60,000 European
2550:unit, attacked U.S. airbases in the
5509:, William Kimber & Co Ltd, 1971
5082:from the original on 22 August 2017
4860:by General Alberto Thorndike Elmore
4440:NATO Tactical Air Doctrine ATP-33 B
4232:Omar Torrijos International Airport
4220:Omar Torrijos International Airport
4209:Point Salines International Airport
3903:. Following a naval bombardment of
3340:551st Parachute Infantry Battalions
3260:inspects men of the 7th Battalion,
2846:Operation Biting: The Bruneval raid
2201:suggested dropping elements of the
2115:protects parachutists in distress,
4613:"The Fall of Menado, January 1942"
4534:Holt, Tonie; Holt, Valmai (2006).
4468:High-altitude military parachuting
4298:). The paratroopers departed from
3314:Operation Dragoon: Southern France
3295:. Dingson was conducted alongside
2722:509th Parachute Infantry Battalion
25:
5597:Theparas.co.uk: The Paras website
5430:Arnhem 1944 – The Airborne Battle
5425:, Turner Publishing Company, 2005
5348:, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2005
5255:. Tempus Publishing Limited, 2004
5248:. Tempus Publishing Limited, 2004
3891:Indonesian Invasion of East Timor
3885:Indonesian Invasion of East Timor
3853:Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971
3575:511th Parachute Infantry Regiment
3514:503rd Parachute Infantry Regiment
3344:550th Airborne Infantry Battalion
3215:502nd Parachute Infantry Regiment
3101:541st Parachute Infantry Regiment
3089:Knollwood Army Auxiliary Airfield
2946:307th Airborne Engineer Battalion
5613:WWII parachute jump reenactments
5495:, Pen & Sword Military, 2006
5474:, Pen & Sword Military, 2006
5446:, Motorbooks International, 2005
5397:, Ian Allan Publishing Ltd, 2004
5234:. Motorbooks International, 2001
5191:from the original on 2011-07-26.
4669:from the original on 2015-07-09.
4646:from the original on 2013-09-25.
4623:from the original on 2012-12-02.
4600:from the original on 2015-07-08.
4473:List of airborne artillery units
4407:
4349:
4264:On October 19, 2001, as part of
3827:Indian Annexation of Goa in 1961
3264:, 1st Airborne Division, in the
2624:) to train paratroopers for the
82:
5402:D-Day With The Screaming Eagles
5376:, Purdue University Press, 1998
5313:, Oxford University Press, 2000
5131:Hegedûs, Ernõ (February 2021).
4588:Donaldson, Graham (1999–2000).
4290:into northern Iraq, during the
3568:Philippines campaign of 1944–45
3221:on the evening of June 5, 1944.
2974:376th Parachute Field Artillery
2736:and Italy in 1943, and both in
2516:in January 1942, and then near
5269:, 1951, Department Of The Army
5108:. FRANCE 24. 29 January 2013.
4961:"75th Ranger Regiment History"
4261:, averting the entire mission.
4156:in Kashmir, precipitating the
3899:used airborne troops in their
3808:were landed by helicopters in
3722:60th Parachute Field Ambulance
3649:Indonesian War of Independence
3551:and elements of Major General
3237:. This operation included the
2255:One of the observing parties,
2214:United States Army Air Service
1:
5581:World War II History Magazine
5572:World War II History Magazine
5484:Saunders, Hilary St. George,
4999:Fredricksen, John C. (2011).
4520:Reproduced in Blunt, Victor,
3622:26th Indian Infantry Division
3262:King's Own Scottish Borderers
3040:German 4th Parachute Regiment
3020:British 1st Parachute Brigade
2997:British 5th Infantry Division
2887:Operation Torch: North Africa
2724:in November 1942, as part of
2638:British 6th Airborne Division
2630:50th Indian Parachute Brigade
2543:("Raiding Division") and the
2486:("Raiding Brigades") and the
2231:United States Army Air Forces
5332:Arnhem – A Tragedy Of Errors
5306:, Helion & Company, 2004
4715:. London (UK): Sampson Low.
4311:Operation Black Thunderstorm
3490:U.S. 503d Parachute Regiment
3018:. The initial target of the
2709:. Both corps fell under the
2634:2nd Indian Airborne Division
2236:At about the same time, the
5560:ArmyParatrooper.org website
5152:10.17047/HADTUD.2021.31.2.3
4939:"'A Different Kind of War'"
4683:, Frank Cass, London, 1991
4573:"Parachute Jumping Nurses."
4372:, discuss the issue on the
4283:to seize a desert airfield.
4247:Operation Restore Democracy
3901:1975 invasion of East Timor
3773:dropped onto the important
3065:, the overall commander of
2999:as it swept inland towards
2838:, a major offensive by the
2392:invasion of the Netherlands
1501:Military–industrial complex
980:Operational manoeuvre group
42:720th Special Tactics Group
5788:
5590:Military History Quarterly
5530:, Eskdale Publishing, 2001
5488:, Michael Joseph Ltd, 1954
5418:, Permuted Press LLC, 2022
5253:D-Day – The First 72 Hours
5227:. Stackpole Books US, 2006
4478:List of paratrooper forces
4266:Operation Enduring Freedom
4130:
3998:
3995:Angolan Bush War: Cassinga
3950:
3909:Indonesian seaborne troops
3888:
3881:—during these operations.
3831:Indo-Pakistani War of 1965
3817:Indo-Pakistani War of 1965
3156:transponding radar beacons
2921:
2890:
2875:
2711:First Allied Airborne Army
2500:Dutch East Indies campaign
2270:Ausbildungskommando Immans
2124:both the paratroopers and
2103:infantry fighting vehicles
5656:
5435:Ministry Of Information,
5362:, B.T. Batsford Ltd, 1998
5262:, Penguin Books Ltd, 1999
5005:. ABC-CLIO. p. 247.
4302:, Italy on fifteen C-17s.
3859:Bangladesh Liberation War
3823:Indo-Pakistan War of 1947
3702:; and to rescue American
3560:capture of Mindoro island
3231:glider transported troops
2924:Allied invasion of Sicily
2775:Vyazma airborne Operation
2400:landed at three airfields
2275:Other nations, including
2205:behind German lines near
1565:Loss-of-strength gradient
422:Combat information center
5772:Types of military forces
5265:Department Of The Army,
5251:Buckingham, William F.,
5244:Buckingham, William F.,
4027:South African Border War
3973:Rhodesian Security Force
3959:Rhodesian Light Infantry
3713:, South Korea codenamed
3241:, and the attack on the
3130:Allied invasion of Italy
2883:own airborne divisions.
2872:Operation Mercury: Crete
2685:101st Airborne Divisions
1883:Military science fiction
1368:Technology and equipment
789:List of military tactics
5341:, Orion Books Ltd, 1996
5334:, Caxton Editions, 2000
5325:British Airborne Troops
5183:L, Klemen (1999–2000).
4657:L, Klemen (1999–2000).
4634:L, Klemen (1999–2000).
4611:L, Klemen (1999–2000).
4152:to gain control of the
3936:Operation Junction City
3907:, on December 7, 1975,
3634:Ecuadorian–Peruvian War
3628:Ecuadorian–Peruvian War
3392:Operation Market Garden
3332:1st Airborne Task Force
3219:101st Airborne Division
3134:82nd Airborne artillery
2918:Operation Husky: Sicily
2658:101st Airborne Division
2453:mountains, and rescued
2343:linking the islands of
2212:Following the war, the
2117:but not airborne troops
1951:Wartime sexual violence
1707:Full-spectrum dominance
1518:Supply-chain management
35:United States Air Force
5411:, Presidio Press, 2002
5407:Koskimaki, George E.,
5404:, Presidio Press, 2002
5400:Koskimaki, George E.,
5383:, Spellmount Ltd, 1985
5358:Hibbert, Christopher,
5320:, Leo Cooper Ltd, 1994
5285:. The Army Press, 2015
5241:. The Dial Press, 1985
4919:Guinness World Records
4904:Schwarz (2003), p. 204
4711:Gale, Richard (1948).
4453:
4326:11th Parachute Brigade
4276:to secure an airfield.
4255:Jean-Bertrand Aristide
4243:Port-au-Prince Airport
4216:U.S invasion of Panama
4207:made a combat jump on
4177:
4119:Soviet Glider Infantry
4050:
4033:Soviet and Russian VDV
3941:173rd Airborne Brigade
3655:Korps Speciale Troepen
3556:24th Infantry Division
3508:In September 1943, in
3505:
3395:
3269:
3222:
3034:shot down many of the
2958:1st Airlanding Brigade
2756:saw combat as a unit.
2696:Sir Frederick Browning
2589:
2488:Imperial Japanese Navy
2478:Imperial Japanese Army
2431:their light 75 mm guns
2322:
2187:. Later in late 1918.
2177:
1863:Awards and decorations
1836:Peace through strength
1811:Low-intensity conflict
1445:Conscientious objector
1318:Area of responsibility
52:
5542:Slaughter Over Sicily
5537:, Grafton Books, 1987
5481:, Coronet Books, 1984
5460:, Pan Books Ltd, 1973
5432:, Penguin Books, 1995
5428:Middlebrook, Martin,
5414:Lunteren, Frank van,
5258:Calvocoressi, Peter,
5209:Ambrose, Stephen E.,
5202:Ambrose, Stephen E.,
5076:www.173rdairborne.com
4949:on September 7, 2010.
4915:"Highest battlefield"
4522:The User of Air Power
4483:Pathfinder (military)
4447:
4328:jumped into northern
4315:Operation Rah-e-Nijat
4292:2003 invasion of Iraq
4175:
4040:
3839:Special Service Group
3587:Camalaniugan Airfield
3564:landing on Corregidor
3522:Salamaua-Lae campaign
3479:
3389:
3303:as part of Overlord.
3255:
3209:
2944:, Company 'B' of the
2732:, with the former in
2609:during World War II.
2576:
455:Torpedo data computer
445:Ship gun fire-control
33:
5762:Military parachuting
5393:Kershaw, Robert J.,
5388:The Second World War
5295:Flanagan, E.M. Jr.,
5276:, Robson Books, 1979
5220:. Edbury Press, 2005
5213:. Pocket Books, 2001
5206:. Pocket Books, 2003
4370:improve this section
4360:may not represent a
4270:3rd Ranger Battalion
4245:in Haiti as part of
4205:75th Ranger Regiment
4150:Indian Armed Forces'
3986:helicopters and one
3553:Roscoe B. Woodruff's
3243:Merville gun battery
3211:Dwight D. Eisenhower
3059:Dwight D. Eisenhower
2806:bombers flying from
2792:Early commando raids
2700:XVIII Airborne Corps
2524:, in February 1942.
2365:Brandenburg Regiment
2333:Operation Weserübung
2092:vertical envelopment
1981:Military occupations
1816:Military engineering
1718:Unrestricted Warfare
1575:Force multiplication
473:Military manoeuvrers
5467:, Adlib Books, 1990
5344:Harclerode, Peter,
5337:Harclerode, Peter,
5330:Harclerode, Peter,
5292:, Cassell Ltd, 1981
5272:Devlin, Gerard M.,
4856:bomber-transports.
4228:M551 Sheridan tanks
4214:In 1989 during the
4201:Invasion of Grenada
4078:armoured carriers,
3790:Operation Musketeer
3741:First Indochina War
3480:September 5, 1943.
3360:Operation Albatross
3342:, the glider-borne
3324:Robert T. Frederick
3071:Army Chief of Staff
2840:British Eighth Army
2750:Battle of the Bulge
2717:Lewis H. Brereton.
2626:British Indian Army
2530:Battle of Palembang
2528:made a jump at the
2385:German Army Group B
2161:first manned flight
2065:carried by aircraft
1667:Penal military unit
1652:Rules of engagement
1328:Command and control
953:Operations research
417:Director (military)
407:Fire-control system
177:Command and control
58:Part of a series on
5602:2015-03-02 at the
5544:, Leo Cooper, 1992
5533:Whiting, Charles,
5526:Whiting, Charles,
5505:Tugwell, Maurice,
5453:, Motorbooks, 2006
5372:Huston, James A.,
5223:Balkoski, Joseph,
5054:The New York Times
4971:United States Army
4454:
4419:. You can help by
4178:
4138:Operation Meghdoot
4133:Operation Meghdoot
4127:Operation Meghdoot
4051:
4023:Operation Reindeer
4007:South African Army
4001:Battle of Cassinga
3947:Rhodesian Bush War
3863:Parachute Regiment
3795:Parachute Regiment
3788:A few days later,
3779:Operation Machbesh
3715:Operation Tomahawk
3644:After World War II
3607:Operation Thursday
3537:Battle of Noemfoor
3512:, the U.S. Army's
3506:
3455:military historian
3396:
3394:in September 1944.
3364:Operation Bluebird
3270:
3223:
3067:Army Ground Forces
3032:anti-aircraft fire
3022:, under Brigadier
2969:Operation Ladbroke
2836:Operation Crusader
2812:Operation Colossus
2779:4th Airborne Corps
2715:Lieutenant General
2693:Lieutenant-General
2689:1st Airborne Corps
2622:Safdarjang Airport
2590:
2582:Princess Elizabeth
2467:Yugoslav Partisans
2465:, the head of the
2295:zones but also as
2113:Geneva Conventions
2088:transport aircraft
1776:Counter-insurgency
1697:Command of the sea
1642:Jewish laws on war
1617:Geneva Conventions
1153:Divide and conquer
948:Military operation
913:Tactical objective
412:Fire-control radar
389:Electronic-warfare
53:
5744:
5743:
5650:Military branches
5540:Whiting, Charles
5516:, Pan Books, 1960
5477:Ryan, Cornelius,
5365:Horrocks, Brian,
5355:, Pan Books, 1999
5179:, Macmillan, 2004
5012:978-1-59884-810-6
4858:Skydiving in Peru
4800:Flanagan, p. 100.
4733:Warren, John C.,
4679:Glantz, David M.
4437:
4436:
4402:
4401:
4394:
4319:Pakistani Taliban
4296:Task Force Viking
4146:preemptive strike
4095:Soviet–Afghan War
3934:In February 1967
3747:Troupes de marine
3614:Operation Dracula
3518:landing at Nadzab
3443:Operation Plunder
3438:Operation Varsity
3417:British XXX Corps
3376:U.S. Seventh Army
3328:Operation Dragoon
3297:Operation Samwest
3273:Operation Dingson
3227:Normandy landings
3202:Operation Neptune
3172:Operation Herring
3138:Brigadier General
3016:Operation Fustian
2828:forward airfields
2760:Soviet operations
2605:recruited by the
2569:Allied operations
2419:Fallschirmjägers'
2363:, members of the
2203:U.S. 1st Division
2196:Brigadier General
2194:and his superior
2192:Lewis H. Brereton
2181:Winston Churchill
2173:Ships of the Line
2157:Benjamin Franklin
2054:
2053:
1946:Horses in warfare
1893:Anti-war movement
1796:Gunboat diplomacy
1786:Disaster response
1734:Philosophy of war
1729:Principles of war
1702:Deterrence theory
1647:Right of conquest
1570:Lanchester's laws
1338:Principles of war
1028:Counter-offensive
1013:Military campaign
918:Target saturation
841:Counterinsurgency
450:Gun data computer
384:Close air support
346:Aircraft carriers
50:Florida panhandle
16:(Redirected from
5779:
5757:Airborne warfare
5643:
5636:
5629:
5620:
5588:Historynet.com:
5579:Historynet.com:
5570:Historynet.com:
5512:Urquhart, R.E.,
5498:Tanase, Mircea,
5479:A Bridge Too Far
5470:Rawson, Andrew,
5323:Gregory, Barry,
5290:The Sky Generals
5230:Bando, Mark A.,
5211:Band of Brothers
5192:
5164:
5163:
5137:
5128:
5122:
5121:
5119:
5117:
5098:
5092:
5091:
5089:
5087:
5068:
5062:
5061:
5045:
5039:
5038:
5030:
5024:
5023:
5021:
5019:
4996:
4990:
4989:
4984:
4982:
4973:. Archived from
4957:
4951:
4950:
4945:. Archived from
4935:
4929:
4928:
4926:
4925:
4911:
4905:
4902:
4896:
4895:
4893:
4892:
4886:
4880:. Archived from
4879:
4867:
4861:
4850:
4844:
4841:
4835:
4832:
4826:
4823:
4810:
4807:
4801:
4798:
4792:
4789:
4783:
4780:
4774:
4773:Flanagan, p. 99.
4771:
4765:
4764:Flanagan, p. 98.
4762:
4756:
4753:
4747:
4744:
4738:
4731:
4725:
4724:
4707:
4701:
4698:
4692:
4677:
4671:
4670:
4654:
4648:
4647:
4631:
4625:
4624:
4608:
4602:
4601:
4585:
4579:
4570:
4564:
4563:
4561:
4559:
4531:
4525:
4518:
4512:
4511:
4509:
4508:
4498:
4432:
4429:
4411:
4404:
4397:
4390:
4386:
4383:
4377:
4353:
4352:
4345:
4236:Rio Hato Airport
4199:During the 1983
4190:Operation Atilla
4158:Siachen conflict
4148:launched by the
4143:
4064:fully mechanized
3921:Battle of Ap Bac
3919:In 1963, in the
3781:(Press) was the
3704:prisoners of war
3533:Dutch New Guinea
3372:Operation Canary
3293:Operation Cooney
3184:Operation Potato
3081:Joseph May Swing
3063:Lesley J. McNair
2860:Operation Biting
2730:European Theater
2510:Battle of Manado
2455:Benito Mussolini
2361:Battle of France
2341:Storstrøm Bridge
2327:
2293:natural disaster
2250:Archibald Wavell
2046:
2039:
2032:
1801:Humanitarian aid
1739:Security dilemma
1560:Power projection
1343:Economy of force
1323:Chain of command
1038:Defence in depth
1023:Commerce raiding
846:Defeat in detail
182:Defense ministry
86:
77:
76:
67:
55:
21:
18:Airborne warfare
5787:
5786:
5782:
5781:
5780:
5778:
5777:
5776:
5747:
5746:
5745:
5740:
5726:Security forces
5706:Military police
5701:Missile defence
5661:Airborne forces
5652:
5647:
5604:Wayback Machine
5551:
5491:Saunders, Tim,
5465:Airborne Forces
5449:Nordyke, Phil,
5442:Nordyke, Phil,
5421:Jones, Robert,
5390:, Pimlico, 1997
5379:Jewell, Brian,
5369:, Collins, 1960
5351:Hastings, Max,
5318:A Drop Too Many
5309:French, David,
5288:Dover, Victor,
5199:
5197:Further reading
5182:
5175:Hastings, Max,
5172:
5167:
5135:
5130:
5129:
5125:
5115:
5113:
5106:france24.com/en
5100:
5099:
5095:
5085:
5083:
5070:
5069:
5065:
5047:
5046:
5042:
5032:
5031:
5027:
5017:
5015:
5013:
4998:
4997:
4993:
4980:
4978:
4959:
4958:
4954:
4943:www.nytimes.com
4937:
4936:
4932:
4923:
4921:
4913:
4912:
4908:
4903:
4899:
4890:
4888:
4884:
4877:
4869:
4868:
4864:
4851:
4847:
4842:
4838:
4834:Huston, p. 137.
4833:
4829:
4825:Huston, p. 136.
4824:
4813:
4809:Devlin, p. 247.
4808:
4804:
4799:
4795:
4790:
4786:
4782:Devlin, p. 246.
4781:
4777:
4772:
4768:
4763:
4759:
4754:
4750:
4745:
4741:
4732:
4728:
4710:
4708:
4704:
4699:
4695:
4678:
4674:
4656:
4655:
4651:
4633:
4632:
4628:
4610:
4609:
4605:
4587:
4586:
4582:
4576:Popular Science
4571:
4567:
4557:
4555:
4548:
4533:
4532:
4528:
4519:
4515:
4506:
4504:
4500:
4499:
4495:
4491:
4459:
4433:
4427:
4424:
4417:needs expansion
4398:
4387:
4381:
4378:
4367:
4354:
4350:
4343:
4300:Aviano Air Base
4224:Tocumen, Panama
4170:
4154:Siachen Glacier
4135:
4129:
4121:
4088:tank destroyers
4035:
4003:
3997:
3957:The men of the
3955:
3949:
3917:
3897:Indonesian Army
3893:
3887:
3877:and Defence of
3867:Tangail airdrop
3855:
3819:
3763:
3743:
3680:
3659:Operation Kraai
3651:
3646:
3630:
3599:
3549:George M. Jones
3545:
3529:Noemfoor Island
3474:
3466:
3464:Pacific Theater
3447:21st Army Group
3435:
3426:
3384:
3316:
3235:Operation Tonga
3204:
3192:
3170:In April 1945,
3117:
3074:George Marshall
3055:
3024:Gerald Lathbury
2960:, commanded by
2954:glider infantry
2926:
2920:
2895:
2889:
2880:
2878:Battle of Crete
2874:
2869:
2848:
2820:
2799:
2794:
2783:Battle of Kursk
2762:
2742:the Netherlands
2726:Operation Torch
2707:Matthew Ridgway
2578:Queen Elizabeth
2571:
2463:Josip Broz Tito
2423:Battle of Crete
2373:Panzer Division
2369:Fieseler Fi 156
2324:Fallschirmjäger
2310:
2308:Axis operations
2305:
2185:First World War
2165:hot air balloon
2154:
2057:Airborne forces
2050:
2021:
2020:
1971:
1961:
1960:
1926:
1918:
1917:
1858:
1848:
1847:
1821:Multilateralism
1806:Law enforcement
1766:
1756:
1755:
1724:Just war theory
1682:
1672:
1671:
1622:Geneva Protocol
1592:
1582:
1581:
1555:
1545:
1544:
1486:
1476:
1475:
1383:
1373:
1372:
1313:
1303:
1302:
1268:
1258:
1257:
1188:Network-centric
1108:
1098:
1097:
1005:
995:
994:
943:
933:
932:
881:Rapid dominance
786:
776:
775:
731:Electromagnetic
640:
630:
629:
616:
569:
517:
493:
483:
482:
478:Combat training
459:
436:
402:Combat systems:
398:
360:
356:Auxiliary ships
322:
282:
278:Military police
244:
167:
157:
156:
96:
70:
69:
68:
63:
46:C-130J Hercules
44:jumping from a
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5785:
5783:
5775:
5774:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5749:
5748:
5742:
5741:
5739:
5738:
5736:Special forces
5733:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5668:
5663:
5657:
5654:
5653:
5648:
5646:
5645:
5638:
5631:
5623:
5617:
5616:
5606:
5594:
5585:
5576:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5550:
5549:External links
5547:
5546:
5545:
5538:
5531:
5524:
5517:
5510:
5503:
5496:
5489:
5482:
5475:
5468:
5463:Otway, T.B.H,
5461:
5456:Norton, G.G.,
5454:
5447:
5440:
5433:
5426:
5419:
5412:
5405:
5398:
5391:
5386:Keegan, John,
5384:
5377:
5370:
5363:
5356:
5349:
5342:
5335:
5328:
5321:
5314:
5307:
5302:Flint, Keith,
5300:
5293:
5286:
5279:DeVore, Marc,
5277:
5270:
5263:
5256:
5249:
5242:
5235:
5228:
5221:
5214:
5207:
5204:Pegasus Bridge
5198:
5195:
5194:
5193:
5180:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5165:
5123:
5093:
5063:
5040:
5025:
5011:
4991:
4977:on 14 May 2012
4952:
4930:
4906:
4897:
4862:
4854:Caproni Ca.111
4845:
4836:
4827:
4811:
4802:
4793:
4791:Huston, p. 98.
4784:
4775:
4766:
4757:
4755:Warren, p. 53.
4748:
4746:Warren, p. 47.
4739:
4726:
4702:
4693:
4672:
4649:
4626:
4603:
4580:
4565:
4546:
4526:
4513:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4486:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4458:
4455:
4442:
4441:
4435:
4434:
4414:
4412:
4400:
4399:
4364:of the subject
4362:worldwide view
4357:
4355:
4348:
4342:
4339:
4338:
4337:
4322:
4303:
4284:
4277:
4262:
4239:
4212:
4197:
4193:
4169:
4168:Recent history
4166:
4131:Main article:
4128:
4125:
4120:
4117:
4070:-series light
4034:
4031:
3999:Main article:
3996:
3993:
3951:Main article:
3948:
3945:
3916:
3913:
3889:Main article:
3886:
3883:
3854:
3851:
3835:Pakistani Army
3818:
3815:
3765:Launching the
3762:
3759:
3751:Foreign Legion
3742:
3739:
3679:
3676:
3667:Mohammad Hatta
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3638:Puerto Bolívar
3629:
3626:
3598:
3595:
3579:Tagaytay Ridge
3544:
3541:
3473:
3470:
3465:
3462:
3434:
3431:
3425:
3422:
3383:
3380:
3368:Operation Dove
3358:, in phase 1,
3320:6th Army Group
3315:
3312:
3301:Operation Lost
3266:North Midlands
3247:U.S. VII Corps
3203:
3200:
3191:
3190:Western Europe
3188:
3180:Northern Italy
3141:Maxwell Taylor
3126:Volturno river
3116:
3113:
3097:North Carolina
3054:
3051:
2922:Main article:
2919:
2916:
2888:
2885:
2876:Main article:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2852:Würzburg radar
2847:
2844:
2830:of Gambut and
2819:
2816:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2761:
2758:
2654:William C. Lee
2570:
2567:
2548:special forces
2541:Teishin Shudan
2522:Timor campaign
2502:of 1941–1942.
2496:) paratroopers
2459:failed attempt
2449:, high in the
2412:Luftlandekorps
2396:Luftlandekorps
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2199:Billy Mitchell
2153:
2150:
2135:technologies (
2052:
2051:
2049:
2048:
2041:
2034:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1986:Military terms
1983:
1978:
1972:
1967:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1927:
1924:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1859:
1854:
1853:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1845:
1840:
1839:
1838:
1833:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1767:
1762:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1748:
1747:
1746:
1744:Tripwire force
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1683:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1593:
1588:
1587:
1584:
1583:
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1579:
1578:
1577:
1567:
1562:
1556:
1551:
1550:
1547:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1520:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1508:
1498:
1493:
1487:
1482:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1464:
1459:
1458:
1457:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1396:
1395:
1384:
1379:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1314:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1269:
1266:Administrative
1264:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1193:New generation
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1168:Fleet in being
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1109:
1106:Grand strategy
1104:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1093:Scorched earth
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1006:
1001:
1000:
997:
996:
993:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
970:Deep operation
967:
962:
955:
950:
944:
939:
938:
935:
934:
931:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
899:
898:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
817:
816:
811:
806:
796:
787:
782:
781:
778:
777:
774:
773:
771:Unconventional
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
719:
717:Disinformation
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
688:
687:
682:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
641:
636:
635:
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628:
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611:
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580:
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566:
565:
564:
563:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
516:
515:
514:
513:
508:
503:
494:
489:
488:
485:
484:
481:
480:
475:
470:
468:Basic training
465:
458:
457:
452:
447:
442:
435:
434:
429:
424:
419:
414:
409:
404:
397:
396:
394:Reconnaissance
391:
386:
381:
376:
371:
366:
359:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
321:
320:
315:
313:Special forces
310:
305:
304:
303:
293:
288:
281:
280:
275:
270:
268:Reconnaissance
265:
260:
255:
250:
243:
242:
233:
228:
219:
214:
209:
204:
199:
194:
189:
184:
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168:
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162:
159:
158:
155:
154:
153:
152:
147:
137:
136:
135:
130:
120:
119:
118:
111:Post-classical
108:
103:
97:
92:
91:
88:
87:
79:
78:
60:
59:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5784:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5754:
5752:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5658:
5655:
5651:
5644:
5639:
5637:
5632:
5630:
5625:
5624:
5621:
5614:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5601:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5591:
5586:
5584:
5582:
5577:
5575:
5573:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5552:
5548:
5543:
5539:
5536:
5532:
5529:
5525:
5522:
5519:Weeks, John,
5518:
5515:
5511:
5508:
5504:
5501:
5497:
5494:
5490:
5487:
5483:
5480:
5476:
5473:
5469:
5466:
5462:
5459:
5455:
5452:
5448:
5445:
5441:
5438:
5434:
5431:
5427:
5424:
5420:
5417:
5413:
5410:
5406:
5403:
5399:
5396:
5392:
5389:
5385:
5382:
5378:
5375:
5371:
5368:
5364:
5361:
5357:
5354:
5350:
5347:
5343:
5340:
5336:
5333:
5329:
5326:
5322:
5319:
5316:Frost, John,
5315:
5312:
5308:
5305:
5301:
5298:
5294:
5291:
5287:
5284:
5283:
5278:
5275:
5271:
5268:
5264:
5261:
5257:
5254:
5250:
5247:
5243:
5240:
5237:Blair, Clay,
5236:
5233:
5229:
5226:
5222:
5219:
5216:Arthur, Max,
5215:
5212:
5208:
5205:
5201:
5200:
5196:
5190:
5186:
5181:
5178:
5174:
5173:
5169:
5161:
5157:
5153:
5149:
5145:
5141:
5134:
5127:
5124:
5111:
5107:
5103:
5097:
5094:
5081:
5077:
5073:
5067:
5064:
5059:
5055:
5051:
5044:
5041:
5036:
5029:
5026:
5014:
5008:
5004:
5003:
4995:
4992:
4988:
4976:
4972:
4968:
4967:
4962:
4956:
4953:
4948:
4944:
4940:
4934:
4931:
4920:
4916:
4910:
4907:
4901:
4898:
4887:on 2016-04-14
4883:
4876:
4874:
4866:
4863:
4859:
4855:
4849:
4846:
4840:
4837:
4831:
4828:
4822:
4820:
4818:
4816:
4812:
4806:
4803:
4797:
4794:
4788:
4785:
4779:
4776:
4770:
4767:
4761:
4758:
4752:
4749:
4743:
4740:
4736:
4730:
4727:
4722:
4718:
4714:
4709:Described in
4706:
4703:
4697:
4694:
4690:
4689:0-7146-4077-8
4686:
4682:
4676:
4673:
4668:
4664:
4660:
4653:
4650:
4645:
4641:
4637:
4630:
4627:
4622:
4618:
4614:
4607:
4604:
4599:
4595:
4591:
4584:
4581:
4577:
4574:
4569:
4566:
4553:
4549:
4547:9781844153770
4543:
4539:
4538:
4530:
4527:
4523:
4517:
4514:
4503:
4497:
4494:
4488:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4460:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4439:
4438:
4431:
4422:
4418:
4415:This section
4413:
4410:
4406:
4405:
4396:
4393:
4385:
4375:
4371:
4365:
4363:
4356:
4347:
4346:
4340:
4335:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4320:
4316:
4312:
4308:
4307:Pakistan Army
4304:
4301:
4297:
4293:
4289:
4288:a combat jump
4285:
4282:
4278:
4275:
4271:
4267:
4263:
4260:
4256:
4252:
4248:
4244:
4240:
4237:
4233:
4229:
4225:
4221:
4217:
4213:
4210:
4206:
4202:
4198:
4194:
4191:
4187:
4183:
4182:
4181:
4174:
4167:
4165:
4161:
4159:
4155:
4151:
4147:
4139:
4134:
4126:
4124:
4118:
4116:
4114:
4110:
4106:
4102:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4089:
4085:
4084:2S25 Sprut-SD
4081:
4077:
4073:
4069:
4065:
4060:
4056:
4048:
4044:
4039:
4032:
4030:
4028:
4024:
4020:
4016:
4012:
4008:
4002:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3985:
3980:
3976:
3974:
3970:
3966:
3963:
3960:
3954:
3946:
3944:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3930:
3926:
3922:
3914:
3912:
3910:
3906:
3902:
3898:
3892:
3884:
3882:
3880:
3876:
3872:
3868:
3864:
3861:of 1971, the
3860:
3852:
3850:
3846:
3842:
3840:
3836:
3832:
3828:
3824:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3807:
3806:Royal Marines
3802:
3800:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3784:
3780:
3776:
3772:
3768:
3767:1956 Suez War
3760:
3758:
3756:
3755:Dien Bien Phu
3752:
3748:
3740:
3738:
3736:
3730:
3726:
3723:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3707:
3705:
3701:
3697:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3668:
3664:
3660:
3656:
3648:
3643:
3641:
3639:
3635:
3627:
3625:
3623:
3619:
3615:
3610:
3608:
3604:
3596:
3594:
3592:
3588:
3584:
3580:
3576:
3571:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3554:
3550:
3542:
3540:
3538:
3534:
3530:
3525:
3523:
3520:, during the
3519:
3515:
3511:
3503:
3502:Battle of Lae
3500:, during the
3499:
3495:
3491:
3487:
3483:
3478:
3471:
3469:
3463:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3452:
3449:to cross the
3448:
3444:
3439:
3432:
3430:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3414:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3393:
3388:
3381:
3379:
3378:came ashore.
3377:
3373:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3357:
3353:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3308:Locoal-Mendon
3304:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3278:
3274:
3267:
3263:
3259:
3254:
3250:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3201:
3199:
3197:
3196:Western Front
3189:
3187:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3174:, an Italian
3173:
3168:
3166:
3162:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3122:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3104:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3085:
3082:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3013:
3008:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2989:
2987:
2983:
2982:friendly fire
2979:
2978:Reuben Tucker
2975:
2970:
2966:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2932:
2925:
2917:
2915:
2911:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2894:
2886:
2884:
2879:
2871:
2867:Mediterranean
2866:
2864:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2845:
2843:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2817:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2796:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2771:"deep battle"
2766:
2759:
2757:
2753:
2751:
2747:
2744:in 1944. The
2743:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2718:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2705:
2704:Major General
2701:
2697:
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2659:
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2615:
2610:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2588:, 19 May 1944
2587:
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2575:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2546:
2542:
2537:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2520:, during the
2519:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2501:
2497:
2495:
2489:
2485:
2484:
2479:
2475:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2445:led a daring
2444:
2443:Otto Skorzeny
2439:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2415:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2397:
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2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2357:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2339:to seize the
2338:
2334:
2329:
2326:
2325:
2319:
2315:
2307:
2302:
2300:
2298:
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2290:
2286:
2282:
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2273:
2271:
2266:
2265:Junkers Ju 52
2262:
2258:
2253:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2234:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2197:
2193:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2176:
2174:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2152:Early history
2151:
2149:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2129:
2127:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2095:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2080:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2061:ground combat
2058:
2047:
2042:
2040:
2035:
2033:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2024:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
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1973:
1970:
1965:
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1944:
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1911:
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1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1873:Warrior caste
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1857:
1852:
1851:
1844:
1843:Show of force
1841:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1831:Peacebuilding
1829:
1828:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
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1710:
1708:
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1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1687:Air supremacy
1685:
1684:
1681:
1676:
1675:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
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1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1627:Islamic rules
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1607:Court-martial
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
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1591:
1586:
1585:
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1526:
1525:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1506:Arms industry
1504:
1503:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1485:
1480:
1479:
1472:
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1123:Broken-backed
1121:
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1021:
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998:
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988:
986:
983:
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978:
976:
973:
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968:
966:
965:Expeditionary
963:
961:
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929:
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869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
836:Counterattack
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
801:
800:
797:
795:
792:
791:
790:
785:
780:
779:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
761:Psychological
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
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737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
723:
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718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
697:Combined arms
695:
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683:
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570:
562:
559:
558:
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554:
552:
549:
547:
544:
542:
539:
537:
536:Fortification
534:
532:
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522:
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518:
512:
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507:
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370:
367:
365:
362:
361:
357:
354:
352:
351:Landing craft
349:
347:
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342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
323:
319:
316:
314:
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249:
246:
245:
241:
237:
236:Standing army
234:
232:
229:
227:
223:
220:
218:
215:
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210:
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148:
146:
143:
142:
141:
138:
134:
131:
129:
128:pike and shot
126:
125:
124:
121:
117:
114:
113:
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109:
107:
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102:
99:
98:
95:
90:
89:
85:
81:
80:
74:
66:
61:
57:
56:
51:
47:
43:
39:
36:
32:
19:
5767:Paratroopers
5721:Public Force
5681:Border guard
5660:
5612:
5589:
5580:
5571:
5541:
5534:
5527:
5520:
5513:
5506:
5499:
5492:
5485:
5478:
5471:
5464:
5457:
5450:
5443:
5436:
5429:
5422:
5415:
5408:
5401:
5394:
5387:
5380:
5373:
5366:
5359:
5352:
5345:
5338:
5331:
5324:
5317:
5310:
5303:
5296:
5289:
5281:
5273:
5266:
5259:
5252:
5245:
5238:
5231:
5224:
5217:
5210:
5203:
5176:
5143:
5139:
5126:
5114:. Retrieved
5105:
5096:
5084:. Retrieved
5075:
5066:
5053:
5043:
5034:
5028:
5016:. Retrieved
5001:
4994:
4986:
4979:. Retrieved
4975:the original
4964:
4955:
4947:the original
4942:
4933:
4922:. Retrieved
4918:
4909:
4900:
4889:. Retrieved
4882:the original
4872:
4865:
4848:
4839:
4830:
4805:
4796:
4787:
4778:
4769:
4760:
4751:
4742:
4734:
4729:
4712:
4705:
4696:
4680:
4675:
4662:
4652:
4639:
4629:
4616:
4606:
4593:
4583:
4575:
4568:
4556:. Retrieved
4536:
4529:
4521:
4516:
4505:. Retrieved
4496:
4463:Airborne gun
4425:
4421:adding to it
4416:
4388:
4379:
4359:
4317:against the
4259:Jimmy Carter
4251:Raoul Cédras
4179:
4162:
4137:
4136:
4122:
4098:
4092:
4086:125 mm
4063:
4052:
4004:
3984:Alouette III
3981:
3977:
3967:
3964:
3956:
3933:
3918:
3894:
3856:
3847:
3843:
3820:
3803:
3787:
3778:
3771:Ariel Sharon
3764:
3744:
3731:
3727:
3708:
3681:
3652:
3631:
3611:
3600:
3572:
3546:
3526:
3507:
3467:
3458:Max Hastings
3436:
3427:
3397:
3317:
3305:
3271:
3224:
3193:
3169:
3145:
3118:
3105:
3086:
3078:
3056:
3048:
3030:, but heavy
3009:
2990:
2965:Philip Hicks
2927:
2912:
2896:
2881:
2849:
2821:
2800:
2787:
2767:
2763:
2754:
2719:
2662:
2645:coup-de-main
2642:
2611:
2603:paratroopers
2591:
2564:
2544:
2540:
2538:
2525:
2505:
2504:
2493:
2481:
2471:
2440:
2435:Adolf Hitler
2418:
2416:
2411:
2395:
2389:
2358:
2330:
2318:Kurt Student
2311:
2303:World War II
2274:
2269:
2257:Nazi Germany
2254:
2238:Soviet Union
2235:
2227:World War II
2211:
2178:
2170:
2155:
2145:World War II
2131:Advances in
2130:
2107:
2096:
2091:
2081:
2077:paratroopers
2056:
2055:
1956:Fifth column
1936:War resister
1931:Women in war
1826:Peacekeeping
1771:Arms control
1716:
1405:Mobilization
1400:Conscription
1358:Intelligence
1311:Organization
957:
886:Encirclement
766:Radiological
702:Conventional
556:Subterranean
505:
463:Development:
462:
439:
401:
363:
326:Naval units:
325:
318:Signal corps
285:
263:Intelligence
248:Specialties:
247:
172:Organization
123:Early modern
38:paratroopers
5731:Space force
5691:Gendarmerie
5686:Coast guard
5676:Air defence
5367:A Full Life
5246:Arnhem 1944
5146:(2): 3–11.
5140:Hadtudomány
4558:12 December
4047:Afghanistan
4041:A BMD-1 in
4025:during the
4009:attacked a
3929:Vietnam War
3915:Vietnam War
3857:During the
3735:air assault
3719:Indian Army
3632:During the
3618:Indian Army
3589:, south of
3543:Philippines
3451:Rhine River
3279:, southern
3136:commander,
3128:during the
3028:Eighth Army
2934:James Gavin
2713:under U.S.
2650:smokejumper
2595:RAF Ringway
2560:Philippines
2483:Teishin Dan
2476:began, the
2474:Pacific War
2472:Before the
2461:to capture
2246:light tanks
1941:War studies
1764:Non-warfare
1692:Appeasement
1657:Martial law
1496:War economy
1435:Transgender
1388:Recruitment
1148:Containment
1033:Culminating
941:Operational
861:Envelopment
804:Air assault
685:Air cavalry
645:Air defence
625:Information
526:Cold-region
491:Battlespace
440:Historical:
286:Land units:
212:Space force
207:Coast guard
140:Late modern
101:Prehistoric
5751:Categories
5170:References
5116:30 January
4924:2022-05-16
4891:2016-05-25
4507:2018-06-28
4428:April 2023
4382:April 2023
4100:telnyashka
3775:Mitla Pass
3688:Korean War
3678:Korean War
3653:The Dutch
3510:New Guinea
3498:New Guinea
3472:New Guinea
3350:, between
3108:Waco CG-4A
3093:Fort Bragg
2891:See also:
2856:John Frost
2599:Manchester
2506:Rikusentai
2494:Rikusentai
2381:Eben Emael
2367:landed by
2297:reservists
2137:helicopter
2126:airlifters
2109:Protocol I
2069:airdropped
2001:War crimes
1991:Operations
1898:Foot drill
1868:Battle cry
1781:deterrence
1440:Harassment
1415:Specialism
1238:Technology
1233:Succession
1178:Liberation
1113:Asymmetric
1048:Empty fort
959:Blitzkrieg
928:Withdrawal
891:Investment
670:Camouflage
665:Biological
603:Underwater
578:Amphibious
497:Aerospace
364:Air units:
341:Submarines
150:fourth-gen
145:industrial
133:napoleonic
5666:Air force
5160:244418002
4875:Historia"
4450:Parawings
4374:talk page
4305:In 2009,
4188:, during
3969:Fireforce
3953:Fireforce
3810:Port Said
3711:Munsan-ni
3700:Pyongyang
3583:Los Baños
3535:, in the
3486:battalion
3326:, opened
3258:George VI
3152:beachhead
3012:6 pounder
2962:Brigadier
2942:504th PIR
2904:Gibraltar
2614:New Delhi
2558:, in the
2545:Takachiho
2451:Apennines
2404:The Hague
2314:Luftwaffe
2277:Argentina
2141:tiltrotor
1888:War novel
1791:Grey-zone
1751:War games
1712:Overmatch
1662:War crime
1612:Desertion
1602:Ceasefire
1597:Armistice
1484:Logistics
1462:Mercenary
1450:Volunteer
1381:Personnel
1353:Engineers
1298:Sociology
1253:World war
1248:Total war
1228:Strategic
1218:Religious
1203:Political
1198:Perpetual
1173:Irregular
1088:Offensive
1063:Defensive
1058:Deception
1018:Attrition
871:Guerrilla
866:Formation
809:Airbridge
741:Loitering
655:Artillery
308:Artillery
258:Engineers
226:Irregular
197:Air force
40:from the
5600:Archived
5353:Overlord
5189:Archived
5110:Archived
5086:28 April
5080:Archived
5058:Archived
4667:Archived
4644:Archived
4621:Archived
4598:Archived
4552:Archived
4457:See also
4448:British
4368:You may
4341:Doctrine
4334:Timbuktu
4274:Kandahar
4080:2S9 Nona
4055:Cold War
4015:Cassinga
3849:units.
3603:Chindits
3285:Plumelec
3281:Brittany
3277:Morbihan
3176:commando
3165:Avellino
3057:General
2993:Syracuse
2986:U.S Navy
2948:and the
2824:Layforce
2738:Normandy
2636:and the
2554:area on
2492:marine (
2490:trained
2377:Ardennes
2316:General
2279:, Peru,
2242:vehicles
2143:) since
2121:anti-air
2084:airspace
2073:infantry
1903:War song
1878:War film
1511:Materiel
1430:Children
1410:Training
1348:Medicine
1333:Doctrine
1288:Training
1223:Resource
1208:Princely
1158:Economic
1143:Conquest
1138:Colonial
1133:Cold war
1118:Blockade
1003:Strategy
975:Maneuver
736:Infantry
692:Chemical
546:Mountain
506:Airborne
369:Fighters
336:Warships
291:Infantry
217:Reserves
165:Military
5711:Militia
5696:Marines
4721:4447265
4186:Nicosia
3875:Chachro
3737:units.
3696:Sukchon
3692:Sunchon
3663:Sukarno
3488:of the
3268:, 1944.
3036:Dakotas
3005:Messina
3001:Catania
2956:of the
2931:Colonel
2908:Tunisia
2804:Whitley
2552:Burauen
2534:Sumatra
2526:Teishin
2514:Celebes
2480:formed
2359:In the
2353:Aalborg
2349:Zealand
2345:Falster
2337:Masnedø
2261:Stendal
2219:Folgore
2111:of the
2099:airhead
2016:Writers
2011:Weapons
1976:Battles
1925:Related
1913:Wargame
1908:Uniform
1856:Culture
1637:Perfidy
1632:Justice
1553:Science
1538:Outpost
1491:History
1471:Warrior
1467:Soldier
1455:foreign
1393:counter
1293:Service
1243:Theater
1183:Limited
1163:Endemic
1078:Nuclear
851:Foxhole
826:Cavalry
814:Airdrop
799:Airlift
784:Tactics
756:Nuclear
746:Missile
675:Cavalry
660:Barrage
638:Weapons
598:Surface
379:Command
374:Bombers
331:Frogman
301:Cavalry
273:Medical
240:Militia
222:Regular
202:Marines
116:castles
106:Ancient
94:History
73:outline
5514:Arnhem
5360:Arnhem
5158:
5018:4 June
5009:
4981:4 June
4871:"Mars
4719:
4687:
4578:p. 58.
4544:
4268:, the
4203:, the
4113:Il-76s
4111:, and
4109:An-22s
4105:An-12s
4049:, 1986
4019:Angola
3988:Dakota
3879:Poonch
3591:Aparri
3531:, off
3494:Nadzab
3356:Cannes
3352:Fréjus
3348:Le Muy
3289:Maquis
2777:, the
2734:Sicily
2702:under
2691:under
2683:, and
2607:Allies
2408:Ju 52s
2289:Poland
2285:France
2063:units
1996:Sieges
1680:Theory
1420:Morale
1278:Policy
1273:Branch
1053:Mosaic
1043:Fabian
990:Covert
923:Trench
908:Screen
831:Charge
821:Battle
794:Aerial
712:Denial
680:Horses
608:Seabed
561:Tunnel
541:Jungle
531:Desert
501:Aerial
5156:S2CID
5136:(PDF)
4885:(PDF)
4878:(PDF)
4489:Notes
4076:BTR-D
4043:Kabul
3871:Dhaka
3671:Jambi
3597:Burma
3408:Rhine
3283:, in
3256:King
3148:Capua
3115:Italy
3091:near
2858:, in
2832:Tmimi
2808:Malta
2618:India
2597:near
2586:D-Day
2556:Leyte
2532:, on
2427:Ultra
2402:near
2281:Japan
2223:Nembo
2189:Major
2163:in a
1969:Lists
1425:Women
1363:Ranks
1283:Staff
1213:Proxy
1128:Class
1083:Naval
1068:Depth
903:Swarm
896:Siege
876:Naval
856:Drone
751:Music
726:Robot
722:Drone
707:Cyber
650:Armor
620:Cyber
593:Green
588:Brown
551:Urban
511:Space
432:Radar
427:Sonar
296:Armor
253:Staff
231:Ranks
5716:Navy
5671:Army
5118:2013
5088:2018
5020:2012
5007:ISBN
4983:2012
4717:OCLC
4685:ISBN
4560:2017
4542:ISBN
4330:Mali
4313:and
4281:Iraq
4142:lit.
4072:IFVs
3925:ARVN
3905:Dili
3895:The
3829:and
3694:and
3682:The
3665:and
3612:For
3482:C-47
3406:and
3404:Waal
3400:Maas
3354:and
3299:and
3121:Rome
3003:and
2900:Oran
2740:and
2681:82nd
2677:17th
2673:13th
2669:11th
2580:and
2518:Usua
2417:The
2347:and
2287:and
2244:and
2221:and
2207:Metz
2139:and
2133:VTOL
2067:and
2059:are
2006:Wars
1523:Base
1073:Goal
985:Raid
583:Blue
521:Land
192:Navy
187:Army
5148:doi
4423:.
4222:in
4068:BMD
4059:VDV
3783:IDF
3095:in
2936:'s
2906:to
2665:1st
1590:Law
1533:FOB
1528:MOB
573:Sea
65:War
5753::
5611:–
5187:.
5154:.
5144:31
5142:.
5138:.
5104:.
5078:.
5074:.
5056:.
5052:.
4985:.
4969:.
4963:.
4941:.
4917:.
4873:et
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4665:.
4661:.
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