76:, which was equipped with a rear research cockpit in place of the forward section of the passenger cabin. A modified Rockwell Collins model 708 X-band ground-based radar unit was used in the AWDAP experiments. The real-time radar processor system used during 1992 flight experiments was a VME bus-based system with a Motorola 68030 host processor and three DSP boards.
32:
condition. A reactive wind shear detection system is activated by the aircraft flying into an area with a wind shear condition of sufficient force to pose a hazard to the aircraft. A predictive wind shear detection system is activated by the presence of a wind shear condition ahead of the aircraft.
71:
On July 24, 1986, the FAA and NASA signed a memorandum of agreement to formally begin the
Airborne Wind-Shear Detection and Avoidance Program (AWDAP). As a result, a wind-shear program was established in the Flight Systems Directorate of NASA's Langley Research Center. After five years of intensely
79:
On
September 1, 1994, the weather radar model RDR-4B of the Allied-Signal/Bendix (now Honeywell) became the first predictive wind-shear system to be certified for commercial airline operations. In the same year, Continental Airlines became the first commercial carrier to install an airborne
44:, a type of vertical wind shear condition, by detecting the Doppler frequency shift of the microwave pulses caused by the microburst ahead of the aircraft, and displays the area where it is present in the Navigation Display Unit (of the
80:
predictive wind-shear detection system on its aircraft. By June 1996, Rockwell
Collins and Westinghouse's Defense and Electronics Group (now Grumman/Martin) also came up with FAA-certified predictive wind-shear detection systems.
37:(FAA) mandated that all turbine-powered commercial aircraft must have on-board wind shear detection systems by 1993. Airlines successfully lobbied to have commercial turbo-prop aircraft exempted from this requirement.
64:
crashed on takeoff from New
Orleans International Airport in similar weather conditions. Finally, in August 1985, wind shear and inadequate reactions by the pilots caused the crash of
72:
studying various weather phenomena and sensor technologies, the researchers decided to validate their findings in actual flight conditions. They chose an extensively modified
84:
45:
123:
34:
118:
245:
111:
57:
101:
65:
40:
In the predictive wind shear detection mode, the weather radar processor of the aircraft detects the presence of a
250:
220:
143:
60:
crashed on approach to New York JFK Airport due to microburst-induced wind shear. Then, in July 1982,
240:
106:
96:
61:
234:
192:
168:
73:
41:
29:
68:
on approach to Dallas/Fort Worth
International Airport in a thunderstorm.
21:
25:
173:. NASA Conference Publication 10050, Part 1. July 1990. p. 214
197:. Federal Aviation Administration. February 1987. p. 4.2-95
87:
is conducting research for further development of this system.
194:
Windshear
Training Aid: 4.0 - Windshear Substantiating Data
170:Airborne Wind Shear Detection and Warning Systems
24:, detects and alerts the pilot both visually and
85:IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Society
18:airborne wind shear detection and alert system
8:
135:
214:
212:
144:"Making the Skies Safe from Windshear"
7:
46:Electronic Flight Instrument System
14:
124:Low-level windshear alert system
48:) along with an aural warning.
35:Federal Aviation Administration
119:Terminal Doppler Weather Radar
1:
219:Allan, Roger (May 23, 2004).
112:Eastern Air Lines Flight 66
58:Eastern Air Lines Flight 66
267:
102:Delta Air Lines Flight 191
66:Delta Air Lines Flight 191
221:"Making the Skies Safer"
52:History of development
246:Aircraft instruments
223:. Electronic Design.
33:In 1988, the U.S.
107:Pan Am Flight 759
97:USAir Flight 1016
62:Pan Am Flight 759
258:
225:
224:
216:
207:
206:
204:
202:
189:
183:
182:
180:
178:
165:
159:
158:
156:
155:
140:
266:
265:
261:
260:
259:
257:
256:
255:
251:Warning systems
231:
230:
229:
228:
218:
217:
210:
200:
198:
191:
190:
186:
176:
174:
167:
166:
162:
153:
151:
142:
141:
137:
132:
93:
54:
20:, fitted in an
12:
11:
5:
264:
262:
254:
253:
248:
243:
233:
232:
227:
226:
208:
184:
160:
134:
133:
131:
128:
127:
126:
121:
115:
114:
109:
104:
99:
92:
89:
56:In June 1975,
53:
50:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
263:
252:
249:
247:
244:
242:
239:
238:
236:
222:
215:
213:
209:
196:
195:
188:
185:
172:
171:
164:
161:
149:
145:
139:
136:
129:
125:
122:
120:
117:
116:
113:
110:
108:
105:
103:
100:
98:
95:
94:
90:
88:
86:
81:
77:
75:
69:
67:
63:
59:
51:
49:
47:
43:
38:
36:
31:
27:
23:
19:
199:. Retrieved
193:
187:
175:. Retrieved
169:
163:
152:. Retrieved
148:www.nasa.gov
147:
138:
82:
78:
70:
55:
39:
17:
15:
201:20 November
177:20 November
235:Categories
154:2019-08-10
130:References
74:Boeing 737
42:microburst
30:wind shear
241:Avionics
91:See also
22:aircraft
26:aurally
150:. NASA
28:of a
203:2022
179:2022
83:The
16:The
237::
211:^
146:.
205:.
181:.
157:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.