213:
280:
238:
45:
252:
401:
266:
413:
758:
679:
Lorimer, Gazetteer, 2B:1273; Great
Britain, naval intelligence division, geographical handbook series, Iraq and the Persian Gulf, September 1944, 379-80; Great Britain, office of the civil commissioner, The Arab of Mesopotamia, Basra,
408:
During the
Ottoman era, most of the tribe settled into sedentary life and took up agriculture in southern and western Iraq. During the Ottoman era, from the late eighteenth century onwards, al-Muntafiq converted to Shia Islam.
319:. The confederation's tribes predominantly settled in Iraq's southern provinces and northern Kuwait. The confederation is not homogeneous in terms of sect/religion. Centuries of intermarriage and intermingling created a mix of
44:
327:
tribes. Therefore, a minority of individual tribes within the confederation is Sunni. Overall, it is almost impossible to delineate who is, and who is not part of the
Muntafiq.
746:
617:
593:
424:
in southern Iraq was named after one of the tribe's sheikhs, and the surrounding province was known as "Al-Muntafiq
Province" until 1976.
964:
739:
724:
166:
643:
668:
454:. After many decades of sedentarization, the tribal bond has weakened and the leadership of the Al Saadun is largely nominal.
439:, and this made them less mobile and less competent as a fighting force compared to the camel-herding tribes of inner Arabia.
732:
587:. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2007. Brill Online.
330:
The tribe is divided into three main branches: Bani Malik, al-Ajwad, and Bani Sa'id. Most of the tribe traces its
954:
944:
859:
949:
126:
584:
412:
404:
Map of the
Ottoman Empire and the Vilayet of Basra in Red, which was under direct rule of the Sadoon Tribe
370:
925:
346:. However, the tribe's traditional leaders are Al-Saadun ("the house of Saadun"), who are said to be
959:
785:
762:
358:. The Muntafiq tribe was led by Yusuf Beg of the Saadun clan. They were traditional rivals of the
245:
588:
400:
54:
908:
621:
591:
864:
259:
888:
53:, a union of Shia_sunni clans based in the middle Euphrates region, was a major rival of the
898:
812:
690:
597:
354:, while the al-Ajwad branch is said to partially originate from the ancient Arab tribe of
300:
780:
374:
335:
231:
218:
140:
938:
382:
339:
647:
390:
184:
153:
802:
394:
903:
893:
881:
849:
807:
797:
447:
359:
273:
871:
829:
822:
792:
331:
771:
These prefixes ignored in the alphabetical ordering: Al, Al-Bu, Albu, Banu.
844:
421:
386:
102:
876:
839:
50:
711:
913:
817:
571:
462:
458:
443:
378:
362:
and of Ibn Saud, although Yusuf sometimes co-operated with Ibn Saud.
347:
316:
78:
28:
834:
695:
451:
436:
428:
411:
399:
351:
320:
92:
65:
757:
432:
366:
355:
343:
324:
312:
308:
728:
646:. King Abdul Aziz Ibn Saud Information Resource. Archived from
416:
Ottoman depictions of the
Vilayet of Basra, early 20th century
381:
under
Ottoman suzerainty. In 1521, they successfully occupied
620:. School of Advanced Military Studies (SAMS). Archived from
442:
Although the tribe's nominal leaders, the Al Saadun, are
393:
today) on the
Ottomans' behalf, before being expelled by
590:
Christiane
Thompson, Iranian Tentacles into Iraq, 2009
583:Levi Della Vida, G.; Sluglett, P. "al- Muntafiḳ ."
180:
163:
150:
136:
120:
108:
98:
88:
71:
61:
23:
377:times, the tribe held control over the region of
427:Those who were herders of small animals such as
740:
465:belong to the Muntafiq tribal confederation.
8:
669:The Shi'is of Iraq By Yitzhak Nakash, pg.27
747:
733:
725:
691:"بدون الكويت: كرة ثلج تتدحرج منذ 40 عاماً"
43:
20:
446:, most of the tribe's members follow the
16:Arab Ottoman vasal emirate, c. 1530–1918
608:
712:"أزمة الهوية الوطنية - د. فايز الفايز"
162:
149:
145:
119:
115:
107:
7:
29:
304:
710:Fayez Alfayez (26 February 2021).
14:
311:tribal confederation of southern
167:Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire
756:
278:
264:
250:
236:
211:
1:
618:"Iranian Tentacles into Iraq"
981:
922:
776:
769:
338:of the large and ancient
190:
176:
146:
132:
116:
42:
37:
965:Social history of Kuwait
616:Thompson, Christiane.
585:Encyclopaedia of Islam
417:
405:
365:The tribe migrated to
415:
403:
72:Common languages
596:19 June 2014 at the
763:Arab tribes in Iraq
246:Sheikhdom of Kuwait
25:Al-Muntafiq Emirate
699:(in Arabic). 2007.
650:on 2 December 2013
418:
406:
55:Emirate of Diriyah
932:
931:
371:Islamic conquests
350:originating from
342:confederation of
294:
293:
290:
289:
286:
285:
260:Sultanate of Nejd
224:
223:
122:• 1530–1918
972:
955:Tribes of Kuwait
945:Tribes of Arabia
761:
760:
749:
742:
735:
726:
720:
719:
707:
701:
700:
687:
681:
677:
671:
666:
660:
659:
657:
655:
640:
634:
633:
631:
629:
613:
334:to the tribe of
306:
282:
281:
268:
267:
254:
253:
240:
239:
228:
227:
215:
214:
208:
207:
192:
191:
172:13 November 1918
47:
32:
31:
21:
980:
979:
975:
974:
973:
971:
970:
969:
935:
934:
933:
928:
918:
772:
765:
755:
753:
723:
709:
708:
704:
689:
688:
684:
678:
674:
667:
663:
653:
651:
642:
641:
637:
627:
625:
624:on 19 June 2014
615:
614:
610:
606:
598:Wayback Machine
580:
568:
496:Al Ajwad :
471:
457:Many stateless
279:
265:
251:
237:
212:
169:
156:
123:
84:
57:
33:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
978:
976:
968:
967:
962:
957:
952:
950:Tribes of Iraq
947:
937:
936:
930:
929:
923:
920:
919:
917:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
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884:
874:
869:
868:
867:
857:
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847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
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825:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
789:
788:
777:
774:
773:
770:
767:
766:
754:
752:
751:
744:
737:
729:
722:
721:
702:
682:
672:
661:
635:
607:
605:
602:
601:
600:
579:
576:
575:
574:
567:
564:
563:
562:
559:
556:
552:
551:
547:
546:
543:
540:
537:
533:
532:
528:
527:
524:
521:
517:
516:
512:
511:
508:
505:
502:
498:
497:
493:
492:
489:
486:
483:
480:
476:
475:
470:
467:
435:, rather than
307:) was a large
292:
291:
288:
287:
284:
283:
276:
270:
269:
262:
256:
255:
248:
242:
241:
234:
232:Mandatory Iraq
225:
222:
221:
219:Ottoman Empire
216:
204:
203:
198:
188:
187:
182:
178:
177:
174:
173:
170:
164:
161:
160:
157:
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148:
147:
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143:
141:Modern History
138:
137:Historical era
134:
133:
130:
129:
124:
121:
118:
117:
114:
113:
110:
106:
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96:
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75:
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69:
68:
63:
59:
58:
48:
40:
39:
35:
34:
27:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
977:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
942:
940:
927:
921:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
883:
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873:
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866:
863:
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861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
824:
821:
820:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
787:
786:Al-Ali (Iraq)
784:
783:
782:
779:
778:
775:
768:
764:
759:
750:
745:
743:
738:
736:
731:
730:
727:
717:
716:Platform Post
713:
706:
703:
698:
697:
692:
686:
683:
676:
673:
670:
665:
662:
649:
645:
639:
636:
623:
619:
612:
609:
603:
599:
595:
592:
589:
586:
582:
581:
577:
573:
570:
569:
565:
560:
557:
554:
553:
549:
548:
544:
541:
538:
535:
534:
530:
529:
525:
522:
519:
518:
515:Bani Huchaim:
514:
513:
509:
506:
503:
500:
499:
495:
494:
490:
487:
484:
481:
478:
477:
473:
472:
468:
466:
464:
460:
455:
453:
449:
445:
440:
438:
434:
430:
425:
423:
414:
410:
402:
398:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
363:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
328:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
302:
298:
277:
275:
272:
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263:
261:
258:
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249:
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210:
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189:
186:
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179:
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168:
158:
155:
142:
139:
135:
131:
128:
127:Sadoon Family
125:
111:
104:
101:
97:
94:
91:
87:
80:
77:
76:
74:
70:
67:
64:
60:
56:
52:
46:
41:
36:
22:
19:
854:
718:(in Arabic).
715:
705:
694:
685:
675:
664:
652:. Retrieved
648:the original
638:
626:. Retrieved
622:the original
611:
526:Bani Salamah
510:Al Shuraifat
491:Al Taughiyah
456:
441:
426:
420:The city of
419:
407:
391:Saudi Arabia
364:
329:
296:
295:
201:Succeeded by
200:
195:
185:Ottoman lira
154:Basra Eyalet
49:Al-Muntafiq
18:
926:Arab tribes
860:Al-Bu Nasir
855:Al-Muntafiq
803:Al-Bu Badri
550:Albu Salah:
545:Al Araithib
531:Albu Salah:
523:Al Ghazalat
474:Bani Malik:
395:Banu Khalid
369:during the
336:Banu 'Uqayl
297:Al-Muntafiq
196:Preceded by
960:Banu Uqayl
939:Categories
909:Al-Zawalim
904:Al Uqaydat
894:Banu Tamim
882:Albu Salih
850:Al-Mazeedi
808:Al-Dhafeer
798:Al-Baggara
654:3 December
644:"Muntafiq"
628:3 December
536:Al Shamlah
504:Al Juwarin
479:Al Ibrahim
340:Banu 'Amir
274:Qajar Iran
99:Government
81:(official)
872:Al-Rahabi
830:Al-Duraji
823:Albu Nimr
793:Banu Asad
558:Al Rufiat
520:Al Zayyad
507:Al Ghazzi
389:(eastern
332:genealogy
89:Religion
38:1530–1918
924:Part of
899:Al-Ubaid
865:Al-Bejat
845:Banu Lam
594:Archived
566:See also
561:Al Zuaba
555:Al Aunan
542:Al Abada
539:Al Safaa
501:Al Bdour
488:Al Diwan
485:Al Majid
482:Al Wadai
469:Division
450:sect of
422:Nasiriya
387:al-Qatif
181:Currency
103:Monarchy
889:Talafha
877:Shammar
840:Khafaja
813:Dhanyal
680:1917,6.
578:Sources
448:Shi'ite
383:al-Ahsa
375:Ottoman
348:Sharifs
305:المنتفق
165:•
152:•
62:Capital
51:Emirate
30:المنتفق
914:Zubaid
818:Dulaim
781:Al Ali
572:Bedoon
463:Kuwait
459:Bedoon
444:Sunnis
437:camels
379:Basrah
360:Dhufir
317:Kuwait
301:Arabic
112:
79:Arabic
835:Jubur
696:Elaph
604:Notes
452:Islam
429:sheep
373:. In
352:Mecca
321:Sunni
93:Islam
66:Basra
656:2012
630:2012
433:goat
431:and
385:and
367:Iraq
356:Tayy
344:Najd
325:Shia
323:and
315:and
313:Iraq
309:Arab
159:1530
109:Emir
461:in
941::
714:.
693:.
397:.
303::
748:e
741:t
734:v
658:.
632:.
299:(
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