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1967:
60:
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1880:, members of the Saudi royal family were allegedly distressed over the prospect of the crown prince becoming the next king. It was reported that dozens of princes and members of the Al Saud family were interested in seeing Prince Ahmed become the next king instead. During his London tour, Prince Ahmed criticized the Saudi leadership. He was also one of the three members of the ruling family to oppose Mohammad bin Salman becoming the crown prince in 2017.
1631:
of the thirteen regional governorships. Most portfolios, however, such as
Finance, Labour, Information, Planning, Petroleum Affairs and Industry, have traditionally been given to commoners, often with junior Al Saud members serving as their deputies. House of Saud family members also hold many of the kingdom's critical military and governmental departmental posts. Ultimate power in the kingdom has always rested upon the Al Saudis, though support from the
814:
1723:
over the speed and direction of reform, and whether the role of the ulema should be increased or reduced. There were divisions within the family over who should succeed to the throne after the accession or earlier death of Prince Sultan. When Prince Sultan died before ascending to the throne on 21 October 2011, King
Abdullah appointed Prince Nayef as crown prince. The following year, Prince Nayef also died before ascending to the throne.
1952:
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449:
607:
1979:
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the next succession from cousin to cousin, as
Muhammad bin Salman is the cousin of Crown Prince Muhammad bin Nayef. However, in June 2017, Salman elevated Mohammad bin Salman to crown prince, following his decision to strip Muhammad bin Nayef of all positions, making his son heir apparent to the throne, and making the next succession from father to son, for the first time since 1953, when
1574:
1889:
2142:(NAAS โ people in Arabic) was launched with the aim of gathering the support of people, both inside and outside Saudi Arabia, against the ruling royals King Salman and Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman. Madawi al-Rasheed, a scholar, is also the co-founder of NAAS. Other members of the party include scholar Abdullah al-Aoudh, comedian and vlogger
5041:
1928:
of the entire royal family has been estimated at around US$ 100 billion, which makes them the richest royal family among all monarchs, as well as one of the wealthiest families in the world. Some estimates of the Royal Family's wealth put the figure as high as $ 1.4 trillion, which includes holdings
1823:
Succession has been from brother to brother since the death of the founder of modern Saudi Arabia. Abdulaziz was succeeded by his son Saud who was succeeded by his half-brother Faisal. Faisal was succeeded by his brother Khalid who, in turn, was succeeded by his half-brother Fahd. Fahd was succeeded
1722:
The royal family is politically divided by factions based on clan loyalties, personal ambitions and ideological differences. The most powerful clan faction is known as the 'Sudairi Seven', comprising the late King Fahd and his full brothers and their descendants. Ideological divisions include issues
1630:
of the
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The king holds almost absolute political power. The king appoints ministers to his cabinet who supervise their respective ministries in his name. The key ministries of Defence, the Interior and Foreign Affairs are usually held by members of the Saud family, as are all
350:. The family in total is estimated to comprise 15,000 members; however, the majority of power, influence and wealth is possessed by a group of about 2,000 of them. Some estimates of the royal family's wealth measure their net worth at $ 1.4 trillion. This figure includes the market capitalization of
1864:
King Salman ended the brother-to-brother succession and appointed his 56-year-old nephew
Muhammad bin Nayef as crown prince in April 2015, thus making the next succession from uncle to nephew. At the same time, King Salman appointed his son, Mohammad bin Salman, as deputy crown prince, thus making
690:
The attack on
Karbala convinced the Ottomans and the Egyptians that the Saudis were a threat to regional peace. Abdulaziz was killed in 1803 by an assassin, believed by some to have been a Shi'ite seeking revenge over the sacking of Karbala the year before. Abdul-Aziz was in turn succeeded by his
1683:
as assistant minister of defence until 2013; and Prince
Mansour bin Mutaib as assistant minister for municipal and rural affairs until he replaced his father in 2009. In cases where portfolios have notably substantial budgets, appointments of younger, often full, brothers have been necessary, as
1411:
Abdulaziz died in 1953, after having cemented an alliance with the United States in 1945. He is still celebrated officially as the "Founder", and only his direct descendants may take on the title of "his or her Royal
Highness". The date of his recapture of Riyadh in 1902 was chosen to mark Saudi
2161:
Some members of the royal family have ill-treated their employees, even while visiting other countries. For example, Princess Buni Al Saud, a niece of King Fahd, pushed the staff down the stairs. Another princess attacked her worker with the help of a bodyguard. A Saudi prince and his children
1292:. Abdulaziz, reported to have been barely 20 at the time, was immediately proclaimed ruler in Riyadh. As the new leader of the House of Saud, Abdulaziz became commonly known from that time onward as "Ibn Saud" in Western sources, though he is still called "Abdulaziz" in the Arab world.
758:
religious scholars. The second state was also marked by severe internal conflicts within the Saudi family, eventually leading to the dynasty's downfall. In all but one instance, succession occurred by assassination or civil war, the exception being the passage of authority from
491:. Members of the cadet branches hold high and influential positions in government though they are not in the line of succession to the Saudi throne. Many cadet members intermarry within the Al Saud to re-establish their lineage and continue to wield influence in the government.
3566:
provinces. He was appointed second deputy prime minister on 1 February 2013 and he was made crown prince on 23 January 2015 when his half-brother Salman became king. On 28 April 2015 Muqrin was granted resignation based on his request to start the next generation of the
2133:
A group of intellectuals from Saudi Arabia, exiled in the US, the UK, and elsewhere, launched a political party in opposition to the royal family ruling the kingdom. The launch of the party was announced in
September 2020 and was launched on the 2nd death anniversary of
1419:
Upon
Abdulaziz's death, his son Saud assumed the throne without incident, but his lavish spending led to a power struggle with his brother, Crown Prince Faisal. In 1964, the royal family forced Saud to abdicate in favor of Faisal, aided by an edict from the country's
1355:
By 1932, Abdulaziz had disposed of all his main rivals and consolidated his rule over much of the Arabian Peninsula. He united his dominions into the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia that year. His father, Abdul Rahman, retained the honorary title of "imam". In 1937, near
686:
is buried. The Wahhabi soldiers killed more than 2,000 people, including women and children. They plundered the city, demolishing the massive golden dome above Hussein's tomb and loaded hundreds of camels with weapons, jewelry, coins and other valuable goods.
1642:
Long-term political and government appointments have resulted in the creation of "power fiefdoms" for senior princes, such as those of King Faisal, who was foreign minister almost continuously from 1932 to 1975; King Abdullah, who had been commander of the
486:
The surname "Al Saud" is carried by any descendant of Muhammad bin Saud or his three brothers Farhan, Thunayyan, and Mishari. Al Saud's other family branches like Saud Al Kabir, the Al Jiluwi, the Al Thunayan, the Al Mishari and the Al Farhan are called
6148:
2125:
news agency reported on 23 June 2020 that Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman had allegedly threatened and intimidated a former intelligence officer, Saad al-Jabri, along with his family of adult children, from returning to Saudi Arabia from exile in
6537:
1674:
Such terms of service have enabled senior princes to mingle their personal wealth with that of their respective domains. They have often appointed their own sons to senior positions within their own portfolios. Examples of these include Prince
707:
in 1818. Abdullah was taken prisoner and was soon beheaded by the Ottomans in Constantinople, putting an end to the First Saudi State. The Egyptians sent many members of the Al Saud clan and other members of the local nobility as prisoners to
7622:
1005:
6684:
2130:. Al-Jabri was a long-time aide to the former crown prince, Prince Mohammed bin Nayef, who was ousted in 2017. Al-Jabri allegedly has access to documents containing information sensitive and pivotal for the crown prince's leadership.
1828:
as Crown Prince in January 2015 and removed him in April 2015. Even Abdulaziz's youngest son was to turn 70 in 2015. Abdulaziz, in 1920, had said that the further succession would be from brother to brother, not from father to son.
1367:
Abdulaziz sired dozens of children by his many wives. He had at most four wives at a time, divorcing many times. He made sure to marry into many of the noble clans and tribes within his territory, including the chiefs of the
1284:. In 1902, Abdul Rahman's son, Abdulaziz, took on the task of restoring Saudi rule in Riyadh. Supported by a few dozen followers and accompanied by some of his brothers and relatives, Abdulaziz was able to capture Riyadh's
1348:. He then turned his attention to the Hijaz, finally conquering it in 1926, just months before the British protectorate ended. For the next five and a half years, he administered the two parts of his dual realm, the
738:
A few years after the fall of Diriyah in 1818, the Saudis were able to re-establish their authority in Najd, establishing the Emirate of Nejd, commonly known as the Second Saudi State, with its capital in Riyadh.
6140:
7021:
622:
The First Saudi State was founded in 1727. This period was marked by conquest of neighboring areas and by religious zeal. At its height, the First Saudi State included most of the territory of modern-day
4942:
6527:
6714:
1225:
6439:
1803:
6676:
566:, from an unknown point in time. Ibn Dir handed Mani two estates, called al-Mulaybeed and Ghusayba. Mani and his family settled and renamed the region Al Diriyah after their benefactor Ibn Dir.
6770:
1715:
to the throne who serves as crown prince of the kingdom. Upon the king's death, the crown prince becomes king, and during the king's incapacitation the crown prince, likewise, assumes power as
1477:, gradually took over most of the king's responsibilities until Fahd's death in August 2005. Abdullah was proclaimed king on the day of Fahd's death and promptly appointed his younger brother,
4938:
4935:
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1213:
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Abdulaziz spent the next three decades trying to re-establish his family's rule over central Arabia, starting with his native Najd. His chief rivals were the Al Rashid clan in Ha'il, the
373:(1824โ1891), marked with continuous infighting; and the current state (1902โpresent), which evolved into the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 1932 and now wields considerable influence in the
5325:
4937:
6593:
6412:
3596:
2107:, third wife of King Salman, was said to be in America for medical treatment. However, according to American intelligence, this was refuted, stating that she was not in the country.
2100:
shooting residents. Dozens of Shia civilians were killed, including a three-year-old and a two-year-old child. The Saudi government claims it is fighting terrorists in al-Awamiyah.
1462:. Fahd did away with the previous royal title of "his Majesty" and replaced it with the honorific "Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques", in reference to the two Islamic holy sites in
6505:
2103:
Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman kept his own mother away from his father for more than two years, fearing that she would stop the king from giving eventual power to him. Princess
1719:. Although other members of the Al Saudis hold political positions in the Saudi government, it is only the king and crown prince who legally constitute the political institutions.
1590:
5370:
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and his descendants, are believed to have played a significant role in Saudi rule during this period. The Saudis and their allies referred to themselves during this period as the
6623:
7014:
5496:
1432:" and calling for liberalization and reform, but were later induced to return by Faisal. They were fully pardoned but were also barred from any future positions in government.
2115:
4940:
5677:
1200:
666:
Leadership of Al Saud during the time of their first state passed from father to son without incident. The first imam, Muhammad bin Saud, was succeeded by his eldest son,
6654:
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has been put under full siege by the Saudi military. Residents are not allowed to enter or leave, and the Saudi military indiscriminately shells the neighborhoods with
7867:
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4936:
4409:
3038:
2899:
6259:
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354:, the state oil and gas company, and its vast assets in fossil fuel reserves, making them the wealthiest family in the world and the wealthiest in recorded history.
7007:
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1708:
7337:
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tribal confederation . The Banu Hanifa played an important role in shaping the Middle East and Arabia from the 6th century, with prominent theologians such as
4945:
6706:
6117:
4344:
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7926:
7755:
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seeking to retake lost Ottoman Empire territory. The mainly Egyptian force succeeded in defeating Abdullah's forces, taking over the then-Saudi capital of
8084:
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615:
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on 15 June 2012. On 23 January 2015, Abdullah died after a prolonged illness, and his half-brother, Crown Prince Salman, was declared the new king.
1060:
944:
4380:
4202:
2844:
2689:
7735:
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4924:
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1921:, a grandson of Abdulaziz, the first king of Saudi Arabia, as the 34th-richest man in the world, with an estimated net worth of US$ 22.6 billion.
6170:
5549:
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1798:
1344:
Abdulaziz won final victory over the Al Rashidis in 1921, making him the ruler of most of central Arabia. He consolidated his dominions as the
1246:
1193:
1044:
1039:
1034:
894:
405:
5539:
Counter-Narratives: History, Contemporary Society, and Politics in Saudi Arabia and Yemen by Madawi Al-Rasheed and Robert Vitalis (Eds.) p. 64
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1329:, Abdulaziz allied himself to the British, in opposition to the Ottoman-backed Al Rashidis. From 1915 to 1927, Abdulaziz's dominions were a
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deputies or vice ministers, ostensibly to share the wealth and the burdens of responsibility, of each fiefdom. Examples of these include
7674:
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1685:
1485:
Interior Minister as his "second deputy prime minister" and Crown Prince on 27 October. Sultan died in October 2011 while Nayef died in
985:
936:
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6309:
5180:
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Mani' was invited to Diriyah by a relative named Ibn Dir, who was the ruler of a group of villages and estates that make up modern-day
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3542:(born 1942) – Deputy minister of interior from 1975 to 2012; minister of interior from June 2012 to 5 November 2012.
3501:
1784:
1561:
1481:, the minister of defense and Fahd's "Second Deputy Prime Minister", as the new heir apparent. On 27 March 2009, Abdullah appointed
1186:
1087:
848:
519:
199:
7610:
995:
5765:
5609:
G. Rentz (2007). "al- Diriyya (or al-Dariyya)". In P. Bearman; Th. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; E. van Donzel; W.P. Heinrichs (eds.).
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7919:
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7694:
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J.A. Kechichican (1990). "Islamic Revivalism and Change in Saudi Arabia: Juhayman al-'Utaybi's 'Letters to the Saudi People'".
5935:
2672:
1601:
1289:
742:
Compared to the First Saudi State, the second Saudi period was marked by less territorial expansion (it never reconquered the
573:
and became an important Najdi settlement. As the clan grew larger, power struggles ensued, with one branch leaving for nearby
8134:
7812:
7557:
7411:
7303:
6967:
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6887:
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3860:
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1956:
1762:
1758:
1539:
1535:
912:
6226:
5700:
4180:
536:
1824:
by his half-brother Abdullah, and Abdullah by his half-brother Salman, the current King. Salman appointed his half-brother
7684:
7477:
6251:
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3898:
3545:
3176:
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2062:
commandos did first convert to Islam prior to the raid. Most of those responsible, including Al-Otaybi himself, were soon
2041:
1693:
1134:
7909:
7855:
7750:
7699:
7679:
7595:
7567:
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3110:
2104:
1942:
1825:
1697:
1660:
1644:
1173:
1073:
990:
957:
861:
225:
6793:
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1388:). He also arranged for his sons and relatives to enter into similar marriages. He appointed his eldest surviving son,
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7406:
3745:
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3539:
3416:
3291:
2588:
2494:
2283:
2202:
1841:
1832:
1689:
1668:
1635:, the merchant community, and the population at large has been key to the maintenance of the royal family's political
1579:
1482:
1459:
1149:
1000:
776:
589:
480:
166:
5844:
3464:
2077:, who had called for pro-democracy demonstrations, along with forty-seven other Saudi Shia citizens sentenced by the
1747:
1524:
695:, under whose rule the Saudi state reached its greatest extent. By the time Saud died in 1814, his son and successor
6475:
3365:
8124:
7974:
7845:
7767:
5125:
3555:
3042:
2078:
1946:
1877:
1400:. The Al Saudi family became known as the "royal family", and each member, male and female, was accorded the title
1385:
331:
6563:
3483:
3468:
1766:
1751:
1543:
1528:
7914:
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4153:
3412:
3355:
3351:
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3106:
2444:
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1100:
1023:
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827:
644:
507:
136:
6113:
1241:
59:
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4747:
3533:
3311:
2143:
1493:
1474:
1261:
After his defeat at Mulayda, Abdul Rahman bin Faisal went with his family into exile in the deserts of eastern
789:
390:
126:
1966:
700:
330:(1727โ1818), and his brothers, though the ruling faction of the family is primarily led by the descendants of
8119:
8077:
8015:
7936:
7899:
7802:
7713:
7669:
7452:
7358:
6853:
5456:
3443:
2428:
2139:
1444:
1106:
1068:
3054:
8129:
8048:
7954:
7745:
7421:
4980:
4769:
4703:
4681:
3375:
3196:
3186:
3130:
1853:
1812:
1608:
1440:
1397:
854:
425:
292:
8093:
8003:
7996:
7981:
7969:
7959:
7860:
7850:
7664:
5028:
The Royal Standard consists of a green flag, in the center of the national emblem embroidered with gold.
4927:
1218:
31:
6371:
5146:
3250:
3521:
The list of King Abdulaziz's surviving sons, except for current Saudi monarch Salman, are as follows:
3120:
8053:
7605:
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House of Bush, House of Saud: The Secret Relationship Between the World's Two Most Powerful Dynasties
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3260:
3064:
2021:
1866:
1816:
1652:
1648:
1612:
1478:
1451:
1425:
1389:
844:
358:
343:
194:
179:
64:
1951:
730:
8098:
7189:
6196:
5921:
5114:
5074:
4890:
1982:
1960:
1918:
1676:
1486:
1167:
917:
875:
867:
750:, for example) and less religious zeal, although the Saudi leaders continued to go by the title of
433:
409:
5738:
Abdullah Mohammad Sindi (16 January 2004). "Britain and the Rise of Islam and the House of Saud".
5610:
4961:
514:" (HRH), differing from patrilineal great-grandsons and members of cadet branches who are called "
428:, who reigns currently, first replaced the next crown prince, his brother Muqrin, with his nephew
7782:
7654:
7512:
7391:
7376:
7371:
7366:
6344:
5231:
2033:
2025:
1837:
1616:
889:
601:
511:
437:
429:
362:
323:
111:
3301:
479:
meaning "the") to the personal name of an ancestor. In the case of the Al Saud, the ancestor is
8139:
2952:
2084:
Since May 2017, in response to protests against the government, the predominantly Shia town of
440:
with 31 out of 34 votes. The king-appointed cabinet includes more members of the royal family.
7944:
7386:
7381:
7297:
7255:
7213:
7123:
7034:
6963:
6949:
6935:
6920:
6912:
6897:
6883:
6799:
6532:
6455:
6377:
6059:
6034:
5988:
5879:
5706:
5667:
5520:
5490:
5424:
5399:
5268:
5258:
5219:
5209:
2376:
1913:
1680:
1436:
1345:
1254:
696:
611:
483:, the father of the dynasty's 18th century founder Muhammad bin Saud (Muhammad, son of Saud).
421:
413:
347:
327:
319:
131:
121:
6677:"Saudi leadership pressures former intelligence official's family, seeks access to documents"
5514:
5451:
1447:, but he had relinquished his claim to the throne in favor of Khalid, his only full brother.
408:
was designed to pass from one son of the first king, Abdulaziz, to another. The monarchy was
7659:
7401:
7243:
7219:
7207:
7171:
7153:
7093:
6999:
6990:
6980:
6321:
6290:
5172:
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3529:
2330:
2014:
1296:
1281:
798:
7396:
7267:
7249:
7141:
7129:
7099:
7045:
4976:
2135:
2093:
2055:
2040:
but also of other peninsular Arabs and a few Egyptians enrolled in Islamic studies at the
2010:
1971:
1664:
1663:, who was minister of defense and aviation before he was crown prince and governor of the
1651:, minister of defence and aviation from 1962 until his death in 2011; former Crown Prince
1338:
1320:
1312:
725:
709:
679:
636:
386:
382:
370:
366:
334:, the modern founder of Saudi Arabia. It forms a subtribe of the larger prominent ancient
306:
283:
116:
6736:
2032:
violently seized by a group of 500 heavily armed and provisioned Saudi dissidents led by
543:
in 1446โ1447 with his clan, the Mrudah. The Mrudah are believed to be descended from the
6098:
5899:
5757:
7627:
7111:
7063:
7057:
6294:
5393:
5060:
1905:
1704:
1413:
1334:
1139:
1112:
713:
640:
488:
378:
2154:
prohibits the formation of political parties. Forming a political party is considered
2036:
and Abdullah al-Qahtani, consisting mostly of members of the former Ikhwan militia of
8113:
5817:
5627:
5083:
1994:
1857:
1845:
1712:
1623:
1604:
1583:
1455:
1393:
1381:
1373:
1308:
1304:
670:
in 1765. In 1802, Abdulaziz's forces led 10,000 Wahhabi soldiers in an attack on the
6819:
5943:
2110:
Some Royals have been criticised for various human rights violations, including the
448:
7346:
6528:"Three-year-old dies from wounds after Saudi security forces 'open fire on family'"
5447:
4011:
2147:
2063:
2002:
1930:
1892:
1849:
1808:
1700:, who held the deputy minister's portfolio under Prince Nayef's interior ministry.
1597:
1594:
1497:
1429:
1330:
1230:
780:
628:
624:
515:
417:
351:
315:
311:
101:
7183:
7051:
1978:
6767:"French prosecutors investigate claims that Saudi prince held maids in 'slavery'"
1473:
A stroke in 1995 left Fahd largely incapacitated. His half-brother, Crown Prince
7777:
7105:
6707:"Saudi expats launch opposition party on anniversary of Jamal Khashoggi's death"
5098:
5088:
3453:
2085:
2074:
1985:, a Saudi citizen who was jailed after she drove a car in the country using her
1974:, murdered at Saud embassy in Turkey because of his opposition to the government
1896:
1736:
1647:
since 1963 (until 2010, when he appointed his son to replace him); former Crown
1513:
1421:
1369:
1285:
1250:
818:
813:
632:
606:
570:
544:
503:
474:
469:
464:
374:
335:
265:
87:
51:
6436:"ABWA's satement [sic] on condemnation of Al Saud's crimes in Awamiyah"
401:
groups both inside and outside Saudi Arabia and Shia minority in Saudi Arabia.
17:
7291:
7279:
7273:
7261:
7087:
7069:
6141:"Saudi king names son as new crown prince, upending the royal succession line"
5223:
5036:
1998:
671:
548:
5272:
7285:
7237:
7231:
7225:
7195:
5286:
2089:
1925:
1361:
1360:, American surveyors discovered what later proved to be Saudi Arabia's vast
1316:
656:
578:
552:
339:
269:
91:
6227:"The 10 Richest Royal Families In The World Ranked By Their Net Worth 2022"
5203:
1364:
reserves. Before the discovery of oil, many family members were destitute.
569:
The Mrudah became rulers of Al Diriyah, which prospered along the banks of
6310:"State, Islam and Opposition in Saudi Arabia: The Post Desert-Storm Phase"
6011:
5252:
5009:
1492:
Many princes and government officials were arrested in 2017 in an alleged
7542:
7147:
7117:
7081:
6586:"Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman 'has hidden away his own mother'"
5103:
5093:
4516:
3559:
2994:
2155:
1870:
1266:
747:
704:
683:
563:
398:
243:
7315:
6559:
2050:
permitting the storming of the holy sanctuary by Saudi forces, aided by
2001:
rule, the House of Saud has attracted much criticism during its rule of
1888:
1622:
The head of the House of Saud is the King of Saudi Arabia who serves as
8058:
7792:
7177:
7165:
7159:
7135:
7075:
6616:"Sister of Saudi crown prince faces Paris trial over attack on workman"
5108:
4993:
4988:
3563:
2773:
Distant cousin Son of Prince Thunayan bin Ibrahim bin Thunayan bin Saud
2122:
2037:
1901:
1627:
1377:
1311:. Abdulaziz also had to contend with the descendants of his late uncle
1269:
675:
540:
6347:(Interview). Interviewed by Jacki Lyden. NPR (National Public Radio).
2114:, treatment of workers, the Saudi-led intervention in Bahrain and the
1319:
to the throne. Though for a time acknowledging the sovereignty of the
585:. The Al Muqrin became the ruling family among the Mrudah in Diriyah.
338:
tribe of Arabia, from which well known 7th century Arabian theologist
7964:
6560:"Saudi Forces Raid Al-Masoura in Awamiyah, Open Fire, Destroy Houses"
6171:"After Khashoggi murder, some Saudi royals turn against crown prince"
3047:
2945:
2888:
2833:
2776:
2730:
2678:
2623:
2577:
2487:
2434:
2382:
2323:
2318:
2127:
2097:
2051:
2006:
1716:
1467:
1357:
1273:
1262:
1234:
970:
881:
755:
574:
559:
499:
342:
originates. The most influential position of the royal family is the
247:
234:
230:
6852:. The Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia, Washington D.C. Archived from
1696:, who was deputy governor of Riyadh during King Salman's term; and
1688:
who was vice minister of defence and aviation under Prince Sultan;
8043:
5019:
2046:
2029:
1977:
1965:
1950:
1887:
1831:
1802:
1711:. Historically, upon becoming king, the monarch has designated an
1632:
1589:
1573:
1463:
1325:
1300:
1240:
1224:
1212:
965:
743:
729:
660:
605:
447:
436:, King Salman's son, as the crown prince after an approval by the
5958:"Mohammed bin Nayef kingpin in new Saudi Arabia: country experts"
5876:
State, power and politics in the making of the modern Middle East
5788:"Saudi princes, ministers and tycoons arrested in sweeping purge"
1655:
who was the minister of interior from 1975 to his death in 2012;
7772:
6114:"Saudi Arabia's king replaces nephew with son as heir to throne"
2934:
2879:
2824:
2722:
2669:
2477:
2425:
2373:
2237:
2059:
2044:. The Saudi royal family turned to the Ulema, who duly issued a
2013:, a critic of the US, was also a critic of Saudi Arabia and was
1679:
as assistant commander in the National Guard until 2010; Prince
1458:", so-called because they were all sons of Ibn Saud by his wife
1443:, assumed the throne. The next prince in line had actually been
1277:
1006:
Committee for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice
582:
495:
394:
7319:
7003:
6112:
Nicole Chavez; Tamara Qiblawi; James Griffiths (21 June 2017).
5920:. Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia, Washington, DC. Archived from
5663:
Prophets and princes: Saudi Arabia from Muhammad to the present
1424:. During this period, some of Abdulaziz's younger sons, led by
6647:"This royal family's wealth could be more than $ 0.4 trillion"
6405:"Saudi execution of Shia cleric sparks outrage in Middle East"
5348:"Saudi royal family's $ 2 trillion wealth and lavish spending"
4920:
3554:
Al Saud (born 1945) – Director general of the
3447:
1986:
1730:
1507:
577:, while another branch (the "Al Watban") left for the town of
6995:, Frontline, PBS (Public Broadcasting Service), 1 August 2005
6985:, Frontline, PBS (Public Broadcasting Service), 1 August 2005
5516:
Regime Stability in Saudi Arabia: The Challenge of Succession
5485:. 7 August 2016. Archived from the original on 7 August 2016.
518:" (HH), while the reigning king uses the additional title of
6476:"Snipers Injure Scores of Civilians in Saudi Arabia's Qatif"
6056:
Catastrophic consequences: civil wars and American interests
5705:(1 ed.). Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press. p. 73.
2005:. There have been numerous incidents, including the Wahhabi
1450:
Khalid died of a heart attack in 1982, and was succeeded by
473:(meaning "family of" or "House of", not to be confused with
6798:(berilustrasi ed.). Infobase Publishing. p. 107.
5173:"The House of Al Saud โ A View of the Modern Saudi Dynasty"
1496:
by the king and crown prince. Then-United States President
1315:(later known as the "Saud Al Kabir" branch of the family),
627:, and raids by Al Saud's allies and followers reached into
2150:. The party's launch took place online from London as the
5205:
The son king : reform and repression in Saudi Arabia
2620:
Son of Prince Abdul Rahman bin Hassan bin Mishari Al Saud
1659:
who had been minister of foreign affairs since 1975; and
562:. Mani's clan had been on a sojourn in east Arabia, near
5318:"The Acton princess leading the fight for Saudi freedom"
4979:
inscription and a sword featured in white, and with the
699:
had to contend with an Ottoman-Egyptian invasion in the
655:("the monotheists"). Later they were referred to as the
6314:
The Middle East Review of International Affairs (MERIA)
6006:
6004:
5900:"Saudi King Abdullah to go to US for medical treatment"
2885:
and Dashisha bint Didan bin Mandeel Al-Omari Al-Khalidi
494:
All male members of the royal family have the title of
1667:
from 1962 to 2011. The current minister of defense is
1412:
Arabia's centennial in 1999 (according to the Islamic
6992:
The House of Saud: A View of the Modern Saudi Dynasty
5147:"The Saudi "Founding Day" and the Death of Wahhabism"
75:
Al-Muqrin of house of Al-Muraydi of the Diriyah (1446
6919:(reprint of the Sidgwick and Jackson edition, 1981,
6502:"Saudi Shia-Muslim town under 'siege' for sixth day"
5287:"HRH Princess Basma bint Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Saud"
1233:
offers condolences on death of Saudi King Abdullah,
297:
8029:
7935:
7827:
7712:
7645:
7566:
7495:
7429:
7357:
6376:(1st ed.). Alfred A. Knopf (US). p. 110.
6081:"Prince Sultan bin Abdel Aziz of Saudi Arabia Dies"
6033:. VS Verlag fรผr Sozialwissenschaften. p. 236.
6031:
Conflict and cooperation in the Persian Gulf region
5758:"Saudi Arabia names Prince Nayef as heir to throne"
1869:succeeded his father, the founder of Saudi Arabia,
1707:, the Saudi monarchy has not had a clearly defined
261:
185:
175:
162:
144:
97:
71:
41:
6058:. Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 33โ34.
5845:"OPINION: Why Saudi Citizens love Al-Saud family?"
5477:
5475:
5419:Wahbi Hariri-Rifai; Mokhless Hariri-Rifai (1990).
535:The earliest recorded ancestor of the Al Saud was
5442:
5440:
4975:The Royal Flag consists of a green flag, with an
3528:(born 1939) – Former governor of
1692:, deputy to King Abdullah in the National Guard;
6373:The Looming Tower: Al-Qaeda and the Road to 9/11
6139:Sudarsan Raghavan; Kareem Fahim (21 June 2017).
5495:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
2234:Was the eponymous ancestor of the House of Saud
452:Genealogical table of the leaders of the ฤl Saud
6099:"Obituary: Prince Nayef bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud"
5508:
5506:
2940:and Sarah bint Mashari bin Abdulrahman Al Saud
2830:and Haya bint Hamad bin Ali Al-Anqari Al-Tamimi
2675:and Haya bint Hamad bin Ali Al-Anqari Al-Tamimi
2009:militia uprising during the reign of Ibn Saud.
6345:"Did 'Siege of Mecca' Give Birth to Al-Qaida?"
5818:"King Salman meets governors of Saudi regions"
5011:lฤ สพilฤha สพillฤ-allฤh, muhammadun rasลซlu-allฤh
4983:embroidered in gold in the lower right canton.
1439:, who was promptly executed. Another brother,
1272:. Soon afterward, however, he found refuge in
432:. In 2017, Muhammad bin Nayef was replaced by
7331:
7015:
5936:"Prince Salman resumes duties at governorate"
5003:ููุง ุฅูููฐูู ุฅููููุง ุงููู ู
ูุญูู
ููุฏู ุฑูุณูููู ุงููู
3590:
2162:abused their maids when they were in France.
1435:Faisal was assassinated in 1975 by a nephew,
1428:, defected to Egypt, calling themselves the "
1194:
8:
5151:The Arab Gulf States Institute in Washington
5001:
3382:
3318:
3267:
3203:
3137:
3071:
3001:
2906:
2851:
2794:
2748:
2696:
2641:
2595:
2544:
2451:
2399:
2347:
2290:
2209:
7741:Council of Economic and Development Affairs
6460:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
5421:The heritage of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
3482:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1765:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1671:, the son of King Salman and crown prince.
1542:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
716:, and razed the Saudi capital of Diriyyah.
357:The House of Saud has had four phases: the
30:"Saud" redirects here. For other uses, see
7833:
7718:
7505:
7501:
7435:
7338:
7324:
7316:
7022:
7008:
7000:
5483:"Saudi Arabia: HRH or HH? โ American Bedu"
5363:"Meet the world's other 25 royal families"
5361:Dewey Caitlin; Max Fisher (22 July 2013).
5236:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3597:
3583:
3575:
2966:
2508:
2255:
2174:
1396:, to be succeeded by the next eldest son,
1201:
1187:
784:
506:grandsons of Kings are referred to by the
5392:James Wynbrandt; Gerges Fawaz A. (2010).
4987:The script on the flag is written in the
3502:Learn how and when to remove this message
3347:23 January 2015 (death by natural causes)
3241:Al Jawhara bint Musaed bin Jiluwi Al Saud
2942:The last rulers of the second Saudi state
2066:publicly in four cities of Saudi Arabia.
1785:Learn how and when to remove this message
1562:Learn how and when to remove this message
1288:and kill the governor appointed there by
678:, in what is now southern Iraq and where
5985:Crude power: politics and the oil market
4960:
3419:The last rulers of the third Saudi state
2484:The last rulers of the first Saudi state
734:Flag of the First and Second Saudi State
377:. The family has had conflicts with the
365:(1727โ1818), marked by the expansion of
6850:"About Saudi Arabia: Facts and figures"
6343:Yaroslav Trofimov (22 September 2007).
6252:"From Millionaire's Son To Most-Wanted"
5655:
5653:
5651:
5257:. Frank Caso. New York: Facts On File.
5138:
3283:1 August 2005 (death by natural causes)
3277:16 March 1921 โ 1 August 2005 (aged 84)
1900:owned by Saudi royal family, docked in
1111:Minister of State for Foreign Affairs:
826:
787:
588:The name of the clan comes from Sheikh
318:. It is composed of the descendants of
272:(followers of Mohammed ibn Abdulwahhab)
6747:from the original on 30 September 2020
6737:"Maid Accuses Saudi Princess of Abuse"
6453:
5488:
5229:
3558:from 2005 to 2012; former governor of
3232:13 June 1982 (death by natural causes)
2158:, punishable with lengthy jail terms.
1799:Succession to the Saudi Arabian throne
406:succession to the Saudi Arabian throne
38:
6508:from the original on 7 September 2018
6177:from the original on 20 November 2018
6079:MacFarquhar, Neil (22 October 2011).
5855:from the original on 5 September 2021
5824:from the original on 20 February 2022
5798:from the original on 25 February 2021
5666:. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. p. 101.
5636:from the original on 19 December 2020
5580:"Al Saud Family Saudi Arabia History"
5560:from the original on 10 November 2014
4889:
4887:
4885:
4883:
4881:
4879:
4877:
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4873:
4871:
4869:
4867:
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4859:
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4851:
4849:
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3685:
3643:
3637:
3628:
3626:
3624:
3622:
3620:
3618:
3616:
3614:
3612:
2431:and Al-Jawhara bint Othman Al Muammar
659:, a particularly strict, puritanical
420:provided that future Saudi kings are
305:
7:
6882:, Cambridge University Press, 2002,
6830:from the original on 28 October 2021
6351:from the original on 7 November 2017
6262:from the original on 8 November 2017
5768:from the original on 28 October 2011
5719:from the original on 17 January 2023
5680:from the original on 17 January 2023
5297:from the original on 17 October 2019
5183:from the original on 5 February 2020
3480:adding citations to reliable sources
1763:adding citations to reliable sources
1540:adding citations to reliable sources
1105:Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs:
222:Emir and Imam of Diriyah (1744โ1818)
6717:from the original on 2 October 2020
6566:from the original on 18 August 2017
6540:from the original on 10 August 2017
6415:from the original on 8 January 2016
5022:, Muhammad is the messenger of God.
5002:
3383:
3319:
3268:
3204:
3138:
3072:
3002:
2907:
2852:
2795:
2749:
2697:
2642:
2596:
2545:
2452:
2400:
2348:
2291:
2210:
1876:Amid international outcry over the
1500:expressed support for the arrests.
937:Abdullah ibn Muhammad Al ash-Sheikh
287:
6596:from the original on 15 March 2018
6482:from the original on 1 August 2017
6442:from the original on 6 August 2017
6295:10.1111/j.1478-1913.1990.tb03478.x
5942:. 23 November 2010. Archived from
5843:Millichronicle (2 December 2019).
5632:. London: Ernest Benn. p. 8.
5423:. GDG Exhibits Trust. p. 26.
5328:from the original on 22 April 2013
2569:Founder of the second Saudi state
1578:Crown Prince and Defence Minister
610:The maximum limits reached by the
207:King of Hejaz and Nejd (1926โ1932)
25:
7528:Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques
6773:from the original on 5 March 2022
6687:from the original on 23 June 2020
6626:from the original on 21 June 2019
6207:from the original on 29 June 2015
6151:from the original on 21 June 2017
6120:from the original on 9 March 2020
6012:"When kings and princes grow old"
4997:or Islamic declaration of faith:
2473:(Execution by the Ottoman Empire)
849:Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques
643:. Islamic scholars, particularly
520:Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques
424:by a committee of Saudi princes.
219:Emir and Imam of Nejd (1824โ1891)
213:Emir of Nejd and Hasa (1913โ1921)
200:Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques
7420:
6907:David Holden and Richard Johns,
6657:from the original on 23 May 2021
5590:from the original on 5 July 2015
5373:from the original on 4 July 2015
5067:
5053:
5039:
4966:
3556:General Intelligence Directorate
3452:
3426:
3364:
3300:
3249:
3185:
3119:
3053:
2951:
2493:
2329:
2112:assassination of Jamal Khashoggi
2054:special ops units. According to
1735:
1512:
1217:King Abdulaziz and US President
1161:
812:
797:
58:
7695:General Intelligence Presidency
6982:A Chronology: The House of Saud
6820:"Royal Standard (Saudi Arabia)"
6795:A Brief History of Saudi Arabia
6308:Joseph Kostiner (8 July 1997).
5395:A Brief History of Saudi Arabia
4785:
4758:
4736:
4714:
4692:
4670:
4538:
4527:
4427:
4420:
4398:
4391:
4369:
4362:
4355:
4242:
4235:
4213:
4191:
4169:
4142:
4023:
4016:
3976:
3871:
3756:
2379:and Mody bint Sultan Al Kathiri
1602:First Lady of the United States
1582:with U.S. Secretary of Defense
1290:Muhammad bin Abdullah Al Rashid
819:Member State of the Arab League
701:Wahhabi War (Ottoman-Saudi War)
5316:Milmo Cahal (3 January 2012).
3604:Family tree of Saudi monarchs
3035:Reign established by conquest
2315:Reign established by conquest
2069:In January 2016, Saudi Arabia
1454:, the eldest of the powerful "
1:
7685:Chairman of the General Staff
5251:Fattah, Hala Mundhir (2009).
3177:Tarfa bint Abdullah Al Sheikh
2573:Abdullah bin Muhammad Al Saud
2042:Islamic University of Madinah
1323:and even taking the title of
1099:Minister of Foreign Affairs:
765:Abdullah ibn Faisal ibn Turki
663:sect, named for its founder.
555:descending from this tribe.
6645:Ruth Umoh (18 August 2018).
4902:Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia
4896:
4775:
4159:
4132:
3532:. He was special advisor to
3438:Most notable current members
3111:Wadha bint Muhammad Al Orair
2105:Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain
2073:the prominent Shiite cleric
1943:Human rights in Saudi Arabia
1408:("princess"), respectively.
590:Saud ibn Muhammad ibn Muqrin
481:Saud ibn Muhammad ibn Muqrin
226:Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia
150:; 304 years ago
77:; 578 years ago
27:Royal family of Saudi Arabia
7927:Water supply and sanitation
7756:History of the oil industry
7623:Mutaween (religious police)
7196:Al Qasimi of Ras Al Khaimah
5702:The history of Saudi Arabia
5626:H. St. John Philby (1955).
5554:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
5202:Al-Rasheed, Madawi (2021).
5010:
3630:Saud bin Muhammad Al Muqrin
3417:Hussa bint Ahmed Al Sudairi
3292:Hussa bint Ahmed Al Sudairi
1095:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
777:Unification of Saudi Arabia
537:Mani' ibn Rabiah Al-Muraydi
393:and their vassal houses in
298:
8156:
6197:"The World's Billionaires"
6173:. CNBC. 19 November 2018.
5918:"Biographies of Ministers"
5398:. Infobase. p. xvii.
5179:. PBS. 18 September 2015.
5126:Saudi Royal Guard Regiment
5018:There is no other god but
4954:
3441:
3043:Sara bint Ahmed Al Sudairi
2079:Specialized Criminal Court
1947:Censorship in Saudi Arabia
1940:
1937:Opposition and controversy
1917:listed businessman Prince
1878:killing of Jamal Khashoggi
1867:Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
1796:
1669:Prince Mohammad bin Salman
1386:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
1276:as a guest of the Kuwaiti
1247:Turki bin Mohammed Al Saud
774:
723:
616:Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
599:
467:formed by adding the word
332:Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman
216:Emir of Riyadh (1902โ1913)
210:Sultan of Nejd (1921โ1926)
204:The Great King (1932โ1986)
65:Royal Standard of the King
29:
8071:
7836:
7721:
7548:National Security Council
7508:
7504:
7438:
7418:
7041:
6880:A History of Saudi Arabia
6054:David, Steven R. (2008).
6029:Kostiner, Joseph (2009).
5878:. Routledge. p. 56.
5519:. Routledge. p. 53.
5153:. AGSIW. 23 February 2022
4841:
4839:
4652:
4650:
4648:
4642:
4640:
4638:
4632:
4630:
4628:
4622:
4620:
4618:
4612:
4610:
4608:
4598:
4594:
4592:
4590:
4584:
4582:
4580:
4578:
4576:
4574:
4572:
4570:
4568:
4566:
4564:
4562:
4560:
4558:
4556:
4475:
4473:
4321:
4319:
4317:
4311:
4309:
4307:
4297:
4293:
4291:
4289:
4287:
4285:
4283:
4281:
4119:
4117:
4115:
4109:
4107:
4105:
4099:
4097:
4095:
4087:
4083:
4081:
4079:
4075:
4067:
4063:
4061:
4059:
4057:
4055:
4053:
4051:
4047:
4039:
4037:
3951:
3949:
3925:
3923:
3915:
3913:
3848:
3846:
3844:
3842:
3840:
3838:
3836:
3834:
3832:
3830:
3828:
3820:
3816:
3814:
3812:
3810:
3808:
3806:
3804:
3798:
3796:
3794:
3782:
3780:
3725:
3723:
3721:
3715:
3713:
3711:
3705:
3703:
3701:
3699:
3697:
3695:
3693:
3683:
3679:
3677:
3675:
3673:
3671:
3669:
3667:
3661:
3659:
3657:
3655:
3653:
3651:
3649:
3405:23 January 2015 (aged 79)
3356:Fahda bint Asi Al Shuraim
3163:2 November 1964 (aged 58)
3097:9 November 1953 (aged 51)
3032:(death by natural causes)
3027:13 January 1902 (aged 27)
2875:(death by natural causes)
2820:(death by natural causes)
2665:(death by natural causes)
2421:(death by natural causes)
2312:(death by natural causes)
2231:(death by natural causes)
2152:Basic Law of Saudi Arabia
2020:On 20 November 1979, the
1924:As of 2020, the combined
1854:King Salman bin Abdulaziz
1611:, and Egyptian president
1350:Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd
1101:Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud
945:National Security Council
645:Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahhab
531:Origins and early history
502:). However, the sons and
137:Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd
57:
50:
7793:Tadawul (stock exchange)
7788:Supreme Economic Council
7736:Capital Market Authority
7690:General Staff Presidency
7543:Mabahith (secret police)
6894:A Peace to End All Peace
6792:James Wynbrandt (2010).
6370:Wright Lawrence (2006).
5983:Noreng, Oystein (2005).
5550:"History of the Kingdom"
4730:1920, 1921, or 1923โ2005
3526:Abdul llah bin Abdulaziz
2813:1871โ1873 (second time)
1494:anti corruption campaign
1061:Administrative divisions
790:Politics of Saudi Arabia
127:Emirate of Nejd and Hasa
7675:Strategic Missile Force
6769:. Rfi.fr. 6 July 2021.
6434:ABNA24 (31 July 2017).
5699:Wayne H. Bowen (2008).
5254:A brief history of Iraq
4965:Royal Flag of the King
3444:Descendants of Ibn Saud
3344:1 August 2005 (aged 81)
3229:25 March 1975 (aged 62)
2925:1889โ1891 (second time)
2923:1875โ1876 (first time)
2870:1873โ1875 (second time)
2811:1865โ1871 (first time)
2660:1843โ1865 (second time)
2658:1834โ1838 (first time)
2140:National Assembly Party
1586:, Pentagon, 13 May 2015
1380:tribes, as well as the
1337:, pursuant to the 1915
1168:Saudi Arabia portal
1107:Abdul Aziz bin Abdullah
7234:(18th centuryโpresent)
7228:(18th centuryโpresent)
5612:Encyclopaedia of Islam
5513:Stig Stenslie (2012).
4971:
3517:Sons of King Abdulaziz
3280:13 June 1982 (aged 61)
2815:1876โ1889 (third time)
2721:Distant cousin Son of
2081:on terrorism charges.
1990:
1975:
1963:
1908:
1861:
1840:, Deputy Crown Prince
1820:
1619:
1587:
1258:
1238:
1222:
1123:Diplomatic missions of
735:
619:
453:
8135:Kings of Saudi Arabia
7523:Consultative Assembly
5293:. BBC. 28 July 2011.
4964:
3546:Mashhur bin Abdulaziz
1981:
1969:
1954:
1891:
1860:, Riyadh, 20 May 2017
1835:
1806:
1593:
1577:
1352:, as separate units.
1244:
1228:
1219:Franklin D. Roosevelt
1216:
930:Consultative Assembly
733:
609:
547:branch of the larger
451:
32:Saud (disambiguation)
7232:Al Qasimi of Sharjah
6948:, Hutchinson, 1981,
6934:, Hutchinson, 2009,
6101:. BBC. 16 June 2012.
5946:on 24 November 2010.
5874:Owen, Roger (2000).
5660:Mark Weston (2008).
5121:King of Saudi Arabia
4957:Flag of Saudi Arabia
4782:King of Saudi Arabia
4755:King of Saudi Arabia
4733:King of Saudi Arabia
4711:King of Saudi Arabia
4689:King of Saudi Arabia
4667:King of Saudi Arabia
4535:King of Saudi Arabia
4517:Abdulaziz (Ibn Saud)
3552:Muqrin bin Abdulaziz
3476:improve this section
2022:Grand Mosque seizure
1759:improve this section
1613:Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
1536:improve this section
1479:Sultan bin Abdulaziz
1426:Talal ibn Abdul Aziz
1249:with Britain's King
925:Council of Ministers
614:during the reign of
592:, who died in 1725.
465:Arabic dynastic name
459:is a translation of
397:along with numerous
359:Sheikhdom of Diriyah
344:King of Saudi Arabia
307:[สaหlsสสuหd]
195:King of Saudi Arabia
180:Salman bin Abdulaziz
7783:Saudi Central Bank
7591:Freedom of religion
7372:Early Islamic State
7282:(19th centuryโ1967)
7276:(19th centuryโ1967)
7252:(18th centuryโ1967)
7168:(15thโ16th century)
6878:Madawi Al-Rasheed,
6320:(2). Archived from
6231:thefamilynation.com
6145:The Washington Post
5906:. 21 November 2010.
5849:The Milli Chronicle
5764:. 27 October 2011.
5367:The Washington Post
5115:Death of a Princess
5075:Saudi Arabia portal
4891:Mohammed bin Salman
4788: 2015โpresent
3540:Ahmed bin Abdulaziz
2240:Muhammad bin Muqrin
1983:Loujain al-Hathloul
1961:1979 Qatif Uprising
1919:Al-Waleed bin Talal
1842:Mohammad bin Salman
1709:order of succession
1686:Prince Abdul Rahman
1677:Mutaib bin Abdullah
1487:Geneva, Switzerland
986:Freedom of religion
918:Mohammed bin Salman
876:Deputy crown prince
868:Mohammed bin Salman
754:and still employed
434:Mohammed bin Salman
416:until 2006, when a
92:Banu Bakr bin Wa'il
7798:Telecommunications
7581:Capital punishment
7513:Allegiance Council
7392:Emirate of Diriyah
7377:Rashidun Caliphate
7367:Pre-Islamic Arabia
6962:, Scribner, 2004,
6932:Inside the Kingdom
6713:. 2 October 2020.
6536:. 10 August 2017.
6411:. 2 January 2016.
6085:The New York Times
4972:
3536:from 2008 to 2015.
3220:13 February 1913 โ
2930:(His rule is over)
2868:1871 (first time)
2612:1824 (40 day rule)
2505:Second Saudi state
2171:Emirate of Diriyah
2034:Juhayman al-Otaybi
2026:al-Masjid al-Haram
2017:in the mid 1990s.
1991:
1976:
1964:
1909:
1862:
1838:Muhammad bin Nayef
1821:
1620:
1617:2017 Riyadh summit
1588:
1259:
1239:
1237:, 27 January 2015.
1223:
981:Capital punishment
890:Allegiance Council
736:
682:, the grandson of
620:
602:Emirate of Diriyah
596:Emirate of Diriyah
512:His Royal Highness
454:
438:Allegiance Council
430:Muhammad bin Nayef
363:Emirate of Diriyah
324:Emirate of Diriyah
112:Emirate of Diriyah
8125:Wahhabi dynasties
8107:
8106:
8067:
8066:
7895:Human trafficking
7823:
7822:
7708:
7707:
7641:
7640:
7533:Foreign relations
7491:
7490:
7387:Abbasid Caliphate
7382:Umayyad Caliphate
7313:
7312:
7298:Emirate of Beihan
7035:Arabian Peninsula
6954:978-0-09145-790-7
6940:978-0-09193-124-7
6909:The House of Saud
6805:978-0-8160-7876-9
6592:. 15 March 2018.
6533:Independent.co.uk
6065:978-0-8018-8989-9
6040:978-3-531-16205-8
5994:978-1-84511-023-9
5964:. 1 February 2015
5885:978-0-415-19674-1
5584:Arab Royal Family
5264:978-0-8160-5767-2
5215:978-0-19-755814-0
4913:
4912:
4909:
4908:
3512:
3511:
3504:
3435:
3434:
3088:12 January 1902 โ
3039:Imam Abdul Rahman
3018:15 January 1875 โ
3003:ุนุจุฏ ุงูุนุฒูุฒ ุงูุซุงูู
2963:Third Saudi state
2960:
2959:
2502:
2501:
2252:First Saudi state
2249:
2248:
1955:Demonstrators in
1815:and Crown Prince
1795:
1794:
1787:
1681:Khalid bin Sultan
1572:
1571:
1564:
1437:Faisal ibn Musaid
1346:Sultanate of Nejd
1255:Buckingham Palace
1211:
1210:
1145:Visa requirements
1088:Foreign relations
697:Abdullah ibn Saud
612:first Saudi state
553:Maslama ibn แธคabฤซb
539:, who settled in
414:agnatic seniority
361:(1446โ1744); the
340:Maslama ibn แธคabฤซb
328:First Saudi State
322:, founder of the
320:Muhammad bin Saud
296:
276:
275:
252:Al Saud for women
250:with the surname
132:Sultanate of Nejd
122:Emirate of Riyadh
16:(Redirected from
8147:
8087:
8080:
7920:response to ISIL
7834:
7778:Riyal (currency)
7719:
7506:
7502:
7448:Cities and towns
7436:
7424:
7402:Kingdom of Hejaz
7340:
7333:
7326:
7317:
7031:Muslim dynasties
7024:
7017:
7010:
7001:
6996:
6986:
6866:
6865:
6863:
6861:
6856:on 17 April 2012
6846:
6840:
6839:
6837:
6835:
6816:
6810:
6809:
6808:. 9780816078769.
6789:
6783:
6782:
6780:
6778:
6763:
6757:
6756:
6754:
6752:
6733:
6727:
6726:
6724:
6722:
6703:
6697:
6696:
6694:
6692:
6683:. 23 June 2020.
6673:
6667:
6666:
6664:
6662:
6642:
6636:
6635:
6633:
6631:
6622:. 13 June 2019.
6612:
6606:
6605:
6603:
6601:
6582:
6576:
6575:
6573:
6571:
6556:
6550:
6549:
6547:
6545:
6524:
6518:
6517:
6515:
6513:
6498:
6492:
6491:
6489:
6487:
6478:. 14 June 2017.
6472:
6466:
6465:
6459:
6451:
6449:
6447:
6431:
6425:
6424:
6422:
6420:
6401:
6395:
6394:
6392:
6390:
6367:
6361:
6360:
6358:
6356:
6340:
6334:
6333:
6331:
6329:
6305:
6299:
6298:
6283:The Muslim World
6278:
6272:
6271:
6269:
6267:
6248:
6242:
6241:
6239:
6237:
6223:
6217:
6216:
6214:
6212:
6193:
6187:
6186:
6184:
6182:
6167:
6161:
6160:
6158:
6156:
6136:
6130:
6129:
6127:
6125:
6109:
6103:
6102:
6095:
6089:
6088:
6076:
6070:
6069:
6051:
6045:
6044:
6026:
6020:
6019:
6008:
5999:
5998:
5980:
5974:
5973:
5971:
5969:
5954:
5948:
5947:
5932:
5926:
5925:
5924:on 16 June 2011.
5914:
5908:
5907:
5896:
5890:
5889:
5871:
5865:
5864:
5862:
5860:
5840:
5834:
5833:
5831:
5829:
5814:
5808:
5807:
5805:
5803:
5784:
5778:
5777:
5775:
5773:
5754:
5748:
5747:
5740:Kana'an Bulletin
5735:
5729:
5728:
5726:
5724:
5696:
5690:
5689:
5687:
5685:
5657:
5646:
5645:
5643:
5641:
5623:
5617:
5616:
5606:
5600:
5599:
5597:
5595:
5576:
5570:
5569:
5567:
5565:
5546:
5540:
5537:
5531:
5530:
5510:
5501:
5500:
5494:
5486:
5479:
5470:
5469:
5467:
5465:
5452:"Sheikh to Chic"
5444:
5435:
5434:
5416:
5410:
5409:
5389:
5383:
5382:
5380:
5378:
5358:
5352:
5351:
5344:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5333:
5313:
5307:
5306:
5304:
5302:
5283:
5277:
5276:
5248:
5242:
5241:
5235:
5227:
5208:. New York, NY.
5199:
5193:
5192:
5190:
5188:
5169:
5163:
5162:
5160:
5158:
5143:
5077:
5072:
5071:
5070:
5063:
5058:
5057:
5056:
5049:
5047:Biography portal
5044:
5043:
5042:
5013:
5005:
5004:
4970:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4791:
4789:
4787:
4779:
4777:
4764:
4762:
4761: 2005โ2015
4760:
4742:
4740:
4739: 1982โ2005
4738:
4720:
4718:
4717: 1975โ1982
4716:
4698:
4696:
4695: 1964โ1975
4694:
4676:
4674:
4673: 1953โ1964
4672:
4544:
4542:
4541: 1932โ1953
4540:
4531:
4530: 1902โ1932
4529:
4433:
4431:
4430: 1889โ1891
4429:
4424:
4423: 1875โ1876
4422:
4404:
4402:
4401: 1873โ1875
4400:
4395:
4393:
4375:
4373:
4372: 1876โ1889
4371:
4366:
4365: 1871โ1873
4364:
4359:
4358: 1865โ1871
4357:
4248:
4246:
4245: 1843โ1865
4244:
4239:
4238: 1834โ1838
4237:
4219:
4217:
4216: 1838โ1841
4215:
4197:
4195:
4193:
4175:
4173:
4172: 1814โ1818
4171:
4163:
4161:
4148:
4146:
4145: 1841โ1843
4144:
4136:
4134:
4029:
4027:
4026: 1823โ1834
4025:
4020:
4019: 1819โ1820
4018:
3982:
3980:
3979: 1803โ1814
3978:
3905:
3877:
3875:
3874: 1765โ1803
3873:
3762:
3760:
3759: 1744โ1765
3758:
3635:
3610:
3609:
3599:
3592:
3585:
3576:
3530:Al Jawf Province
3507:
3500:
3496:
3493:
3487:
3456:
3448:
3431:
3430:
3402:
3399:31 December 1935
3398:
3396:
3386:
3385:
3369:
3368:
3340:
3334:
3332:
3322:
3321:
3305:
3304:
3271:
3270:
3254:
3253:
3225:
3219:
3217:
3207:
3206:
3190:
3189:
3159:
3153:
3151:
3141:
3140:
3124:
3123:
3093:
3090:23 February 1969
3087:
3085:
3075:
3074:
3058:
3057:
3023:
3017:
3015:
3005:
3004:
2967:
2956:
2955:
2910:
2909:
2855:
2854:
2798:
2797:
2752:
2751:
2700:
2699:
2645:
2644:
2599:
2598:
2548:
2547:
2509:
2498:
2497:
2455:
2454:
2403:
2402:
2367:12 November 1803
2351:
2350:
2349:ุนุจุฏ ุงูุนุฒูุฒ ุงูุฃูู
2334:
2333:
2294:
2293:
2256:
2213:
2212:
2175:
2096:fire along with
1957:Eastern Province
1819:in January 1978.
1811:meets with King
1790:
1783:
1779:
1776:
1770:
1739:
1731:
1567:
1560:
1556:
1553:
1547:
1516:
1508:
1460:Hassa Al Sudairi
1384:(descendants of
1297:Sharifs of Mecca
1282:Mubarak Al Sabah
1221:in February 1945
1203:
1196:
1189:
1166:
1165:
1164:
817:
816:
801:
785:
761:Faisal ibn Turki
618:in the year 1814
348:absolute monarch
310:) is the ruling
309:
304:
301:
291:
289:
280:House of Al Saud
171:
158:
156:
151:
85:
83:
78:
62:
42:House of Al Saud
39:
21:
8155:
8154:
8150:
8149:
8148:
8146:
8145:
8144:
8110:
8109:
8108:
8103:
8090:
8083:
8076:
8063:
8025:
7987:Public holidays
7931:
7819:
7763:Foreign workers
7704:
7637:
7562:
7553:Nuclear program
7487:
7425:
7416:
7397:Emirate of Nejd
7353:
7344:
7314:
7309:
7250:Mahra Sultanate
7037:
7028:
6989:
6979:
6976:
6892:David Fromkin,
6875:
6873:Further reading
6870:
6869:
6859:
6857:
6848:
6847:
6843:
6833:
6831:
6818:
6817:
6813:
6806:
6791:
6790:
6786:
6776:
6774:
6765:
6764:
6760:
6750:
6748:
6735:
6734:
6730:
6720:
6718:
6705:
6704:
6700:
6690:
6688:
6675:
6674:
6670:
6660:
6658:
6644:
6643:
6639:
6629:
6627:
6614:
6613:
6609:
6599:
6597:
6584:
6583:
6579:
6569:
6567:
6558:
6557:
6553:
6543:
6541:
6526:
6525:
6521:
6511:
6509:
6504:. 15 May 2017.
6500:
6499:
6495:
6485:
6483:
6474:
6473:
6469:
6452:
6445:
6443:
6433:
6432:
6428:
6418:
6416:
6403:
6402:
6398:
6388:
6386:
6384:
6369:
6368:
6364:
6354:
6352:
6342:
6341:
6337:
6327:
6325:
6324:on 21 June 2013
6307:
6306:
6302:
6280:
6279:
6275:
6265:
6263:
6250:
6249:
6245:
6235:
6233:
6225:
6224:
6220:
6210:
6208:
6195:
6194:
6190:
6180:
6178:
6169:
6168:
6164:
6154:
6152:
6138:
6137:
6133:
6123:
6121:
6111:
6110:
6106:
6097:
6096:
6092:
6078:
6077:
6073:
6066:
6053:
6052:
6048:
6041:
6028:
6027:
6023:
6018:. 15 July 2010.
6010:
6009:
6002:
5995:
5982:
5981:
5977:
5967:
5965:
5962:Middle East Eye
5956:
5955:
5951:
5934:
5933:
5929:
5916:
5915:
5911:
5898:
5897:
5893:
5886:
5873:
5872:
5868:
5858:
5856:
5842:
5841:
5837:
5827:
5825:
5820:. 30 May 2018.
5816:
5815:
5811:
5801:
5799:
5786:
5785:
5781:
5771:
5769:
5756:
5755:
5751:
5737:
5736:
5732:
5722:
5720:
5713:
5698:
5697:
5693:
5683:
5681:
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4166:Emir of Diriyah
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3973:Emir of Diriyah
3971:
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3869:
3868:Emir of Diriyah
3866:
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3753:Emir of Diriyah
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3337:23 January 2015
3336:
3335:1 August 1924 โ
3330:
3328:
3325:
3320:ุนุจุฏ ุงููู ุงูุฑุงุจุน
3299:
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3154:14 April 1906 โ
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3101:
3100:2 November 1964
3091:
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3030:9 November 1953
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3020:9 November 1953
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2808:2 December 1889
2807:
2805:
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2796:ุนุจุฏ ุงููู ุงูุซุงูุซ
2785:7 and 9 and 12
2769:
2761:
2759:
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2750:ุนุจุฏ ุงููู ุงูุซุงูู
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2173:
2168:
2146:, and activist
2136:Jamal Khashoggi
2056:Lawrence Wright
2011:Osama Bin Laden
1972:Jamal Khashoggi
1949:
1939:
1886:
1807:U.S. President
1801:
1791:
1780:
1774:
1771:
1756:
1740:
1729:
1703:Unlike Western
1665:Riyadh Province
1568:
1557:
1551:
1548:
1533:
1517:
1506:
1504:Political power
1445:Prince Muhammad
1339:Treaty of Darin
1321:Ottoman Sultans
1313:Saud ibn Faisal
1229:U.S. President
1207:
1178:
1174:Other countries
1162:
1160:
1155:
1154:
1135:Nationality law
1131:
1127:in Saudi Arabia
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775:Main articles:
773:
728:
726:Emirate of Nejd
722:
720:Emirate of Nejd
680:Hussein ibn Ali
604:
598:
533:
528:
446:
383:Sharif of Mecca
371:Emirate of Nejd
326:, known as the
302:
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251:
240:Al Saud for men
239:
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152:
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117:Emirate of Nejd
105:
81:
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46:
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35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Al Saud dynasty
15:
12:
11:
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8120:Arab dynasties
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7868:Discrimination
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7558:Prime Minister
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7412:Modern history
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7058:Banu Ukhaidhir
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6974:External links
6972:
6971:
6970:
6956:
6944:Robert Lacey,
6942:
6930:Robert Lacey,
6928:
6905:
6902:978-0805088090
6896:, Holt, 1989,
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5987:. p. 97.
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3442:Main article:
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3413:King Abdulaziz
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3352:King Abdulaziz
3348:
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3342:
3341:(aged 90)
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3288:King Abdulaziz
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3237:King Abdulaziz
3233:
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3227:
3226:(aged 69)
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3208:
3200:
3192:
3191:
3182:
3179:
3173:King Abdulaziz
3169:
3168:(assassinated)
3164:
3161:
3160:(aged 68)
3145:
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3126:
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3107:King Abdulaziz
3103:
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3094:(aged 67)
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2571:Son of Prince
2567:
2566:(assassinated)
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2453:ุนุจุฏ ุงููู ุงูุฃูู
2448:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2432:
2422:
2417:
2414:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2396:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2380:
2370:
2369:(assassinated)
2365:
2362:
2355:
2353:
2352:
2344:
2336:
2335:
2326:
2321:
2313:
2308:
2305:
2298:
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2275:
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2269:
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2260:
2253:
2250:
2247:
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2244:
2241:
2232:
2227:
2224:
2217:
2215:
2214:
2206:
2198:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2144:Omar Abdulaziz
1938:
1935:
1911:In June 2015,
1906:French Riviera
1885:
1882:
1797:Main article:
1793:
1792:
1743:
1741:
1734:
1728:
1725:
1705:royal families
1645:National Guard
1570:
1569:
1520:
1518:
1511:
1505:
1502:
1414:lunar calendar
1404:("prince") or
1335:British Empire
1209:
1208:
1206:
1205:
1198:
1191:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1177:
1176:
1170:
1157:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1130:
1129:
1118:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1113:Adel al-Jubeir
1109:
1103:
1091:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1077:
1076:
1071:
1065:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1048:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1030:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1009:
1008:
1003:
998:
996:Women's rights
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
962:
961:
956:
955:
952:
951:
948:
947:
942:
941:
940:
934:
927:
922:
921:
920:
913:Prime Minister
909:
906:
905:
902:
901:
898:
897:
892:
887:
886:
885:
880:
873:
872:
871:
866:
859:
858:
857:
843:
840:
835:
834:
831:
830:
824:
823:
807:
806:
803:
802:
794:
793:
788:
772:
769:
724:Main article:
721:
718:
714:Constantinople
600:Main article:
597:
594:
532:
529:
527:
524:
489:cadet branches
445:
442:
379:Ottoman Empire
274:
273:
263:
259:
258:
256:
255:
254:
253:
241:
228:
223:
220:
217:
214:
211:
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197:
189:
187:
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182:
177:
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172:
164:
160:
159:
146:
142:
141:
140:
139:
134:
129:
124:
119:
114:
99:
95:
94:
73:
69:
68:
63:
55:
54:
48:
47:
44:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8152:
8141:
8138:
8136:
8133:
8131:
8130:House of Saud
8128:
8126:
8123:
8121:
8118:
8117:
8115:
8100:
8097:
8095:
8092:
8091:
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7849:
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7842:
7839:
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7809:
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7799:
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7698:
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7688:
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7668:
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7650:
7648:
7644:
7634:
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7612:
7609:
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7599:
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7554:
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7534:
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7507:
7503:
7500:
7498:
7494:
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7423:
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7408:
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7400:
7398:
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7385:
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7380:
7378:
7375:
7373:
7370:
7368:
7365:
7364:
7362:
7360:
7356:
7352:
7348:
7341:
7336:
7334:
7329:
7327:
7322:
7321:
7318:
7305:
7304:Mutawakkilite
7302:
7299:
7296:
7293:
7290:
7287:
7284:
7281:
7278:
7275:
7272:
7269:
7266:
7263:
7260:
7257:
7254:
7251:
7248:
7245:
7242:
7239:
7236:
7233:
7230:
7227:
7224:
7221:
7218:
7215:
7212:
7209:
7206:
7203:
7200:
7197:
7194:
7191:
7188:
7185:
7182:
7179:
7176:
7173:
7170:
7167:
7164:
7161:
7158:
7155:
7152:
7149:
7146:
7143:
7140:
7137:
7134:
7131:
7128:
7125:
7122:
7119:
7116:
7113:
7110:
7107:
7104:
7101:
7098:
7095:
7092:
7090:(967โpresent)
7089:
7086:
7083:
7080:
7077:
7074:
7071:
7068:
7065:
7062:
7059:
7056:
7053:
7050:
7047:
7044:
7043:
7040:
7036:
7032:
7025:
7020:
7018:
7013:
7011:
7006:
7005:
7002:
6994:
6993:
6988:
6984:
6983:
6978:
6977:
6973:
6969:
6965:
6961:
6958:Craig Unger,
6957:
6955:
6951:
6947:
6943:
6941:
6937:
6933:
6929:
6926:
6922:
6918:
6917:0-330-26834-1
6914:
6911:, Pan, 1982,
6910:
6906:
6903:
6899:
6895:
6891:
6889:
6885:
6881:
6877:
6876:
6872:
6855:
6851:
6845:
6842:
6829:
6825:
6821:
6815:
6812:
6807:
6801:
6797:
6796:
6788:
6785:
6772:
6768:
6762:
6759:
6746:
6742:
6738:
6732:
6729:
6716:
6712:
6708:
6702:
6699:
6686:
6682:
6678:
6672:
6669:
6656:
6652:
6648:
6641:
6638:
6625:
6621:
6617:
6611:
6608:
6595:
6591:
6590:The Telegraph
6587:
6581:
6578:
6565:
6561:
6555:
6552:
6539:
6535:
6534:
6529:
6523:
6520:
6507:
6503:
6497:
6494:
6481:
6477:
6471:
6468:
6463:
6457:
6441:
6437:
6430:
6427:
6414:
6410:
6406:
6400:
6397:
6385:
6379:
6375:
6374:
6366:
6363:
6350:
6346:
6339:
6336:
6323:
6319:
6315:
6311:
6304:
6301:
6296:
6292:
6288:
6284:
6277:
6274:
6261:
6257:
6253:
6247:
6244:
6232:
6228:
6222:
6219:
6206:
6202:
6198:
6192:
6189:
6176:
6172:
6166:
6163:
6150:
6146:
6142:
6135:
6132:
6119:
6115:
6108:
6105:
6100:
6094:
6091:
6086:
6082:
6075:
6072:
6067:
6061:
6057:
6050:
6047:
6042:
6036:
6032:
6025:
6022:
6017:
6016:The Economist
6013:
6007:
6005:
6001:
5996:
5990:
5986:
5979:
5976:
5963:
5959:
5953:
5950:
5945:
5941:
5937:
5931:
5928:
5923:
5919:
5913:
5910:
5905:
5901:
5895:
5892:
5887:
5881:
5877:
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5867:
5854:
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5846:
5839:
5836:
5823:
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5810:
5797:
5793:
5789:
5783:
5780:
5767:
5763:
5759:
5753:
5750:
5745:
5741:
5734:
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5718:
5714:
5708:
5704:
5703:
5695:
5692:
5679:
5675:
5669:
5665:
5664:
5656:
5654:
5652:
5648:
5635:
5631:
5630:
5622:
5619:
5614:
5613:
5605:
5602:
5589:
5585:
5581:
5575:
5572:
5559:
5555:
5551:
5545:
5542:
5536:
5533:
5528:
5522:
5518:
5517:
5509:
5507:
5503:
5498:
5492:
5484:
5478:
5476:
5472:
5459:
5458:
5453:
5449:
5448:Amos, Deborah
5443:
5441:
5437:
5432:
5426:
5422:
5415:
5412:
5407:
5401:
5397:
5396:
5388:
5385:
5372:
5368:
5364:
5357:
5354:
5349:
5343:
5340:
5327:
5323:
5319:
5312:
5309:
5296:
5292:
5288:
5282:
5279:
5274:
5270:
5266:
5260:
5256:
5255:
5247:
5244:
5239:
5233:
5225:
5221:
5217:
5211:
5207:
5206:
5198:
5195:
5182:
5178:
5174:
5168:
5165:
5152:
5148:
5142:
5139:
5132:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5116:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5084:Al ash-Sheikh
5082:
5081:
5076:
5065:
5062:
5051:
5048:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5016:
5014:
5012:
5007:
5000:
4999:
4998:
4996:
4995:
4990:
4982:
4978:
4974:
4973:
4969:
4963:
4958:
4950:
4915:
4906:
4892:
4848:
4846:
4796:
4794:
4790:
4771:
4763:
4749:
4741:
4727:
4719:
4705:
4697:
4683:
4675:
4661:
4657:
4654:
4646:
4644:
4636:
4634:
4626:
4624:
4616:
4614:
4606:
4604:
4603:
4596:
4588:
4586:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4543:
4532:
4518:
4482:
4480:
4438:
4436:
4432:
4411:
4403:
4382:
4374:
4346:
4326:
4323:
4315:
4313:
4305:
4303:
4302:
4295:
4279:
4277:
4258:
4256:
4247:
4226:
4218:
4204:
4196:
4182:
4174:
4155:
4147:
4128:
4124:
4121:
4113:
4111:
4103:
4101:
4093:
4092:
4085:
4077:
4065:
4049:
4034:
4032:
4028:
4013:
4005:
3981:
3967:
3958:
3956:
3910:
3908:
3900:
3876:
3862:
3853:
3850:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3818:
3802:
3800:
3792:
3790:
3777:
3775:
3761:
3747:
3730:
3727:
3719:
3717:
3709:
3707:
3691:
3689:
3688:
3681:
3665:
3663:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3631:
3611:
3608:
3607:
3600:
3595:
3593:
3588:
3586:
3581:
3580:
3578:
3577:
3571:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3553:
3550:
3547:
3544:
3541:
3538:
3535:
3534:King Abdullah
3531:
3527:
3524:
3523:
3522:
3516:
3514:
3506:
3503:
3495:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3471:
3470:
3466:
3461:This section
3459:
3455:
3450:
3449:
3445:
3437:
3429:
3424:
3421:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3407:
3404:
3401:(age 88)
3391:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3373:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3353:
3349:
3346:
3343:
3327:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3313:
3309:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3289:
3285:
3282:
3279:
3276:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3262:
3258:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3231:
3228:
3212:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3198:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3166:25 March 1975
3165:
3162:
3156:25 March 1975
3146:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3099:
3096:
3080:
3070:
3069:
3067:
3066:
3062:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3040:
3034:
3029:
3026:
3010:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2996:
2995:Abdul-Aziz II
2992:
2991:
2987:
2984:
2981:
2978:
2975:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2962:
2954:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2939:
2936:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2915:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2896:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2860:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2841:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2826:
2822:
2817:
2810:
2803:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2789:
2784:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2772:
2767:
2764:
2757:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2743:
2738:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2720:
2715:
2712:
2705:
2695:
2694:
2692:
2691:
2686:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2671:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2650:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2631:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2619:
2614:
2611:
2604:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2585:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2568:
2563:
2560:
2553:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2539:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2526:
2523:
2520:
2517:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2504:
2496:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2482:
2479:
2475:
2471:Died May 1819
2470:
2467:
2460:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2427:
2423:
2418:
2415:
2408:
2398:
2397:
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2394:
2390:
2389:
2386:
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2378:
2375:
2371:
2366:
2363:
2356:
2346:
2345:
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2338:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2314:
2309:
2306:
2299:
2289:
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2285:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2251:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2233:
2228:
2225:
2218:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2204:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2177:
2176:
2170:
2165:
2163:
2159:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2131:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2117:
2113:
2108:
2106:
2101:
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2049:
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2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2016:
2015:denaturalized
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1995:authoritarian
1988:
1984:
1980:
1973:
1968:
1962:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1944:
1936:
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1932:
1927:
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1920:
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1903:
1899:
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1890:
1883:
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1879:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1859:
1858:Melania Trump
1855:
1851:
1847:
1846:Jared Kushner
1843:
1839:
1836:Crown Prince
1834:
1830:
1827:
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1814:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1789:
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1764:
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1749:
1744:This section
1742:
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1726:
1724:
1720:
1718:
1714:
1713:heir apparent
1710:
1706:
1701:
1699:
1695:
1694:Prince Sattam
1691:
1687:
1682:
1678:
1672:
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1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1649:Prince Sultan
1646:
1640:
1638:
1634:
1629:
1625:
1624:Head of State
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1605:Melania Trump
1603:
1599:
1596:
1592:
1585:
1584:Ashton Carter
1581:
1576:
1566:
1563:
1555:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1521:This section
1519:
1515:
1510:
1509:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1471:
1469:
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1461:
1457:
1456:Sudairi Seven
1453:
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1446:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1417:
1415:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1394:heir apparent
1391:
1387:
1383:
1382:Al ash-Sheikh
1379:
1375:
1371:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1327:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1305:Ottoman Turks
1302:
1298:
1293:
1291:
1287:
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1279:
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1256:
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732:
727:
719:
717:
715:
711:
706:
702:
698:
694:
688:
685:
681:
677:
674:holy city of
673:
669:
664:
662:
658:
654:
653:Ahl al-Tawhid
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
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617:
613:
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591:
586:
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501:
497:
492:
490:
484:
482:
478:
477:
472:
471:
466:
462:
458:
457:House of Saud
450:
443:
441:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
422:to be elected
419:
415:
411:
407:
402:
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96:
93:
89:
74:
72:Parent family
70:
66:
61:
56:
53:
49:
40:
37:
33:
19:
7910:Prostitution
7883:universities
7856:Demographics
7751:Oil reserves
7596:Human rights
7463:Governorates
7347:Saudi Arabia
7201:
6991:
6981:
6959:
6945:
6931:
6908:
6893:
6879:
6858:. Retrieved
6854:the original
6844:
6832:. Retrieved
6824:crwflags.com
6823:
6814:
6794:
6787:
6775:. Retrieved
6761:
6749:. Retrieved
6740:
6731:
6719:. Retrieved
6711:The Guardian
6710:
6701:
6689:. Retrieved
6680:
6671:
6659:. Retrieved
6650:
6640:
6628:. Retrieved
6619:
6610:
6598:. Retrieved
6589:
6580:
6568:. Retrieved
6562:. Al-Manar.
6554:
6542:. Retrieved
6531:
6522:
6510:. Retrieved
6496:
6484:. Retrieved
6470:
6444:. Retrieved
6429:
6417:. Retrieved
6409:The Guardian
6408:
6399:
6387:. Retrieved
6372:
6365:
6353:. Retrieved
6338:
6326:. Retrieved
6322:the original
6317:
6313:
6303:
6286:
6282:
6276:
6264:. Retrieved
6255:
6246:
6234:. Retrieved
6230:
6221:
6209:. Retrieved
6200:
6191:
6179:. Retrieved
6165:
6153:. Retrieved
6144:
6134:
6122:. Retrieved
6107:
6093:
6084:
6074:
6055:
6049:
6030:
6024:
6015:
5984:
5978:
5966:. Retrieved
5961:
5952:
5944:the original
5939:
5930:
5922:the original
5912:
5903:
5894:
5875:
5869:
5857:. Retrieved
5848:
5838:
5826:. Retrieved
5812:
5800:. Retrieved
5791:
5782:
5770:. Retrieved
5761:
5752:
5743:
5739:
5733:
5721:. Retrieved
5701:
5694:
5682:. Retrieved
5662:
5638:. Retrieved
5629:Saudi Arabia
5628:
5621:
5611:
5604:
5592:. Retrieved
5583:
5574:
5562:. Retrieved
5553:
5544:
5535:
5515:
5462:. Retrieved
5460:. p. 28
5457:Mother Jones
5455:
5420:
5414:
5394:
5387:
5375:. Retrieved
5366:
5356:
5342:
5330:. Retrieved
5321:
5311:
5299:. Retrieved
5290:
5281:
5253:
5246:
5204:
5197:
5185:. Retrieved
5176:
5167:
5155:. Retrieved
5150:
5141:
5113:
5017:
5008:
4992:
4991:. It is the
4986:
4781:
4754:
4732:
4710:
4688:
4666:
4534:
4524:Emir of Nejd
4523:
4417:Emir of Nejd
4416:
4410:Abdul Rahman
4388:Emir of Nejd
4387:
4352:Emir of Nejd
4351:
4232:Emir of Nejd
4231:
4210:Emir of Nejd
4209:
4188:Emir of Nejd
4187:
4165:
4139:Emir of Nejd
4138:
4012:Emir of Nejd
4010:
3972:
3867:
3752:
3520:
3513:
3498:
3489:
3474:Please help
3462:
3374:
3339:(2015-01-23)
3310:
3259:
3224:(1982-06-13)
3222:13 June 1982
3195:
3158:(1975-03-25)
3129:
3092:(1969-02-23)
3063:
3022:(1953-11-09)
2993:
2900:Abdul-Rahman
2898:
2843:
2788:Abdullah III
2786:
2740:
2688:
2633:
2587:
2536:
2443:
2429:Abdul-Aziz I
2391:
2341:Abdul-Aziz I
2339:
2282:
2201:
2160:
2148:Yahya Assiri
2132:
2120:
2109:
2102:
2083:
2068:
2045:
2019:
2003:Saudi Arabia
1992:
1931:Saudi Aramco
1923:
1912:
1910:
1895:
1893:Luxury yacht
1875:
1863:
1850:Ivanka Trump
1822:
1809:Jimmy Carter
1781:
1772:
1757:Please help
1745:
1721:
1702:
1698:Prince Ahmed
1673:
1641:
1636:
1621:
1598:Donald Trump
1595:US President
1558:
1549:
1534:Please help
1522:
1498:Donald Trump
1491:
1483:Prince Nayef
1472:
1449:
1434:
1430:Free Princes
1418:
1410:
1405:
1401:
1366:
1354:
1343:
1331:protectorate
1324:
1294:
1260:
1231:Barack Obama
1074:Governorates
1010:
991:Human rights
958:Legal system
862:Crown Prince
836:
810:
781:Saudi Arabia
771:Present form
751:
741:
737:
689:
665:
652:
648:
625:Saudi Arabia
621:
587:
581:in southern
568:
557:
534:
516:His Highness
493:
485:
475:
468:
460:
456:
455:
418:royal decree
403:
356:
352:Saudi Aramco
316:Saudi Arabia
312:royal family
279:
277:
238:with surname
176:Current head
106:
102:Saudi Arabia
36:
7950:Visual arts
7890:Health care
7726:Agriculture
7670:Air Defense
7633:Visa policy
7458:Earthquakes
7407:Unification
7306:(1926โ1970)
7300:(1903โ1967)
7294:(1902โ1967)
7270:(1836โ1921)
7192:(1669โ1796)
7190:Bani Khalid
7186:(1624โ1742)
7180:(1597โ1872)
7174:(1454โ1526)
7162:(1395โ1967)
7156:(1305โ1487)
7150:(1253โ1320)
7144:(1229โ1454)
7138:(1159โ1174)
7132:(1154โ1624)
7126:(1099โ1174)
7120:(1083โ1174)
7114:(1076โ1240)
7108:(1063โ1174)
7106:Sulaymanids
7102:(1050โ1158)
7096:(1047โ1138)
6946:The Kingdom
6751:27 February
6512:6 September
6181:20 November
5859:5 September
5828:20 February
5802:27 February
5746:(361): 7โ8.
5640:29 February
5157:23 February
5099:Banu Thaqif
5089:Bani Hareth
4899: 1985
4778: 1935
4394: 1871
4194: 1834
4162: 1819
4135: 1843
3548:(born 1942)
3312:Abdullah IV
3205:ุฎุงูุฏ ุงูุซุงูู
3139:ููุตู ุงูุซุงูู
3102:(abdicated)
3073:ุณุนูุฏ ุงูุฑุงุจุน
2976:Reign start
2853:ุณุนูุฏ ุงูุซุงูุซ
2770:(dismissal)
2742:Abdullah II
2718:(dismissal)
2518:Reign start
2401:ุณุนูุฏ ุงูุซุงูู
2319:Emir Saud I
2265:Reign start
2184:Reign start
2086:Al-Awamiyah
2075:Sheikh Nimr
1993:Due to its
1970:Journalist
1959:during the
1897:Kingdom 5KR
1690:Prince Badr
1661:King Salman
1657:Prince Saud
1609:King Salman
1470:, in 1986.
1422:grand mufti
1370:Bani Khalid
1286:Masmak fort
1251:Charles III
1150:Visa policy
1033:Municipal:
1001:LGBT rights
935:President:
763:to his son
571:Wadi Hanifa
545:Banu Hanifa
504:patrilineal
426:King Salman
375:Middle East
336:Banu Hanifa
268:; Formerly
266:Sunni Islam
170:(died 1725)
107:Historical:
88:Banu Hanifa
52:Royal house
8114:Categories
7975:television
7846:Censorship
7768:Irrigation
7262:Al Maktoum
7244:Al Khalifa
7088:Hashemites
7078:(970โ1171)
7072:(900โ1073)
7070:Qarmatians
7066:(893โ1970)
7060:(865โ1066)
7048:(819โ1018)
6968:074325337X
6925:0283984368
6888:0521644127
6389:25 January
6328:9 November
6266:8 November
5968:1 February
5772:28 October
5723:19 October
5684:19 October
5224:1192311816
5133:References
4955:See also:
3492:March 2009
3395:1935-12-31
3331:1924-08-01
3216:1913-02-13
3150:1906-04-14
3084:1902-01-12
3014:1875-01-15
2908:ุนุจุฏ ุงูุฑุญู
ู
2897:11 and 13
2698:ุฎุงูุฏ ุงูุงูู
2643:ููุตู ุงูุงูู
2617:(executed)
2445:Abdullah I
2419:April 1814
2377:Muhammad I
2292:ู
ุญู
ุฏ ุงูุฃูู
2284:Muhammad I
2211:ุณุนูุฏ ุงูุฃูู
2090:airstrikes
1999:theocratic
1997:and quasi-
1941:See also:
1727:Succession
1637:status quo
1317:pretenders
1303:, and the
1265:among the
971:The Hadith
907:Government
895:Succession
649:Muwahhidun
410:hereditary
389:family of
262:Traditions
7915:Terrorism
7878:libraries
7873:Education
7808:Transport
7731:Companies
7665:Air Force
7618:Judiciary
7586:Elections
7576:Basic Law
7473:Provinces
7468:Mountains
7431:Geography
7286:Al Sharqi
7238:Al Mualla
7226:Al Nuaimi
7220:Al Nahyan
7154:Jarwanids
7124:Hamdanids
7094:Sulayhids
7084:(926โ965)
7054:(847โ997)
7052:Yu'firids
6721:2 October
6620:France 24
6544:31 August
5940:Arab News
5332:3 January
5273:212023483
5232:cite book
5187:31 August
5177:Frontline
4752:1924โ2015
4708:1913โ1982
4686:1906โ1975
4664:1902โ1969
4521:1875โ1953
4414:1850โ1928
4385:1833โ1875
4349:1831โ1889
4229:1785โ1865
4207:1811โ1865
4185:1786โ1834
4008:1755โ1834
3970:1748โ1814
3960:Thunayyan
3903:1725โ1812
3865:1720โ1803
3861:Abdulaziz
3750:1687โ1765
3732:Thunayyan
3634:1640โ1726
3572:Genealogy
3463:does not
3408:Incumbent
3197:Khalid II
3131:Faisal II
2979:Reign end
2842:8 and 10
2762:July 1843
2521:Reign end
2268:Reign end
2187:Reign end
2116:Yemen war
1926:net worth
1775:June 2017
1746:does not
1600:with the
1552:July 2016
1523:does not
1257:in London
1024:elections
976:Judiciary
966:The Quran
828:Basic Law
668:Abdulaziz
579:az-Zubayr
387:Al Rashid
299:สพฤl Suสฟลซd
293:romanized
288:ุขู ุณูุนููุฏ
270:Wahhabism
104:(current)
8094:Category
8021:Heritage
8009:football
7992:Religion
7965:Language
7905:Polygamy
7841:Abortion
7647:Military
7628:Passport
7497:Politics
7483:Wildlife
7351:articles
7280:Harharah
7274:Al Afifi
7268:Rashidis
7256:Al Thani
7214:Al Sabah
7178:Qasimids
7172:Tahirids
7148:Usfurids
7142:Rasulids
7118:Zurayids
7100:Najahids
7082:Wajihids
7076:Fatimids
7046:Ziyadids
6860:24 April
6828:Archived
6771:Archived
6745:Archived
6741:ABC News
6715:Archived
6685:Archived
6655:Archived
6624:Archived
6600:15 March
6594:Archived
6564:Archived
6538:Archived
6506:Archived
6480:Archived
6456:cite web
6446:6 August
6440:Archived
6419:9 August
6413:Archived
6349:Archived
6289:: 1โ16.
6260:Archived
6236:25 April
6205:Archived
6175:Archived
6149:Archived
6118:Archived
5904:BBC News
5853:Archived
5822:Archived
5796:Archived
5792:SBS News
5766:Archived
5717:Archived
5678:Archived
5634:Archived
5615:. Brill.
5594:20 March
5588:Archived
5564:20 March
5558:Archived
5491:cite web
5450:(1991).
5371:Archived
5326:Archived
5295:Archived
5291:Hardtalk
5181:Archived
5104:Banu Yam
5094:Bani Yas
5033:See also
4916:Timeline
4748:Abdullah
4345:Abdullah
4154:Abdullah
4127:Abdullah
3899:Abdullah
3746:Muhammad
2973:Lifespan
2938:Faisal I
2883:Faisal I
2845:Saud III
2828:Faisal I
2690:Khalid I
2635:Faisal I
2632:3 and 6
2515:Lifespan
2262:Lifespan
2181:Lifespan
2156:sedition
2071:executed
2064:beheaded
2024:saw the
1871:Ibn Saud
1475:Abdullah
1267:Al Murra
1140:Passport
837:Monarchy
705:Diriyyah
684:Muhammad
657:Wahhabis
564:Al-Qatif
461:สพฤl Saud
399:Islamist
367:Salafism
244:Princess
8140:Rabi`ah
8078:Outline
8031:Symbols
8016:Theatre
7960:Cuisine
7937:Culture
7900:Obesity
7829:Society
7803:Tourism
7714:Economy
7518:Cabinet
7453:Climate
7443:Borders
7359:History
7292:Qu'aiti
7208:Al Said
7202:Al Saud
7166:Jabrids
7160:Kathiri
7136:Mahdids
7130:Nabhani
7112:Uyunids
7064:Rassids
7033:in the
6834:28 July
6777:5 March
6691:23 June
6681:Reuters
6630:21 June
6355:5 April
6256:NPR.org
6155:21 June
6116:. CNN.
5464:12 July
5301:7 April
5109:Bedouin
4994:shahada
4181:Mishari
3855:Ibrahim
3772:Mishari
3567:royals.
3564:Madinah
3484:removed
3469:sources
3411:Son of
3350:Son of
3286:Son of
3235:Son of
3171:Son of
3105:Son of
3065:Saud IV
3037:Son of
2933:Son of
2878:Son of
2823:Son of
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