255:
400:
4329:
465:
645:
548:
3109:
246:
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45:
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was historically flexible but it essentially denotes a fortress, commonly a citadel that protects a city or settlement area, or that serves as the administrative center. A kasbah citadel typically housed the military garrison and other privileged buildings such as a palace, along with other amenities
608:
of Saudi Arabia, that date from between the 3rd century BCE to the 4th century CE. "Homes rose two stories, supported by stone walls nearly two meters (6') thick and boasting such amenities as water-supply systems and second-floor latrines. One eye-catching mural faintly depicts a multi-story tower
632:
farmhouse and perhaps closely related to the qasaba. It is in ruins now, but was once a dwelling and is strongly defensive." One account says about a traditional village in Al-Bahah, Saudi Arabia: "Even the road that leads to the village is impressive, and several historical stone and slate towers
791:
Sing. burdj, hisn, qal'a, qulay'a, qarya, qasaba. These Arabic terms for the highly varied forms of fortified settlement with or without an administrative centre can be found in
Spanish placenames even now, most frequently al-qal'a and its diminutive alqual'aya: Alcala de Henares, Alcala la Real,
1042:, p. 214: "KASBAH A mud-brick castle that serves as a residence for the local Berber tribe is called a kasbah or »tighremt« in Morocco. Some are private mansions, others are even whole fortified villages with many large and small buildings crowded on "
762:, p. 65: "as its purpose, for a kasbah should be the domain of a ruler, be he sultan, governor or just a tribal chieftain. Most of the ancient cities of Morocco retain a large portion of their outer walls, but the kasbah (the government citadel containing "
633:
dot the way. Al-Bahah
Province is known as the region of 1001 towers, once built to protect villages, roads and plantations from rivalling tribes. Today, these towers are abandoned, and many of them are partially or completely in ruins."
317:, who built or redeveloped similar palace enclosures in many important cities of their empire. In some cases, kasbahs could be simple fortified enclosures around a city that housed military garrisons, without being the main citadel. In
588:." Another book describes these towers as follows: "Apparently unique to Asir architecture are the qasaba towers. Controversy surrounds their function – some argue that they were built as lookouts, and others that they were
305:. It could also be a large purpose-built royal quarter, protected by its own set of walls, that housed the palace of the ruler and the administration of the state. Examples of this include the
2503:
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1119:
Hoexter, Miriam; Shuval, Tal. "Algiers". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.).
254:
624:
stones just below the windows or framing the windows – one well preserved example is at the top of Wadi Ain. The remains of a
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870:
817:
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originally referred to the upper part of the city which contained the citadel and residence of the rulers. Following the
4233:
4213:
4208:
4187:
4060:
3448:
3292:
3184:
2161:
1699:
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628:-like stone structure are just off the dirt track north of Al-Masnah. It appears to be an interesting antecedent of the
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3209:
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38:
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lines. The only part of the old city that remained relatively untouched was the upper town, thus known as the
3519:
3219:
3087:
2862:
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2563:
2483:
2280:
2227:
2197:
1954:
1884:
1828:
1405:
1202:
31:
954:
Binous, Jamila; Baklouti, Naceur; Ben
Tanfous, Aziza; Bouteraa, Kadri; Rammah, Mourad; Zouari, Ali (2002).
399:
4491:
3708:
3260:
3112:
2928:
2518:
2415:
2300:
1484:
361:
133:
321:, for example, there were up to 13 kasbahs built throughout the city in different periods, including the
4476:
3914:
3317:
3275:
3255:
3065:
2903:
2685:
2438:
2175:
1998:
1327:
377:
337:
298:
263:
4260:
4014:
3416:
3312:
3307:
3297:
3282:
3265:
3250:
3240:
3235:
3189:
3169:
3155:
3050:
2578:
2204:
2003:
1969:
1369:
1251:
286:
482:
285:(bathhouse). Some kasbahs are built in a strategic elevated position overlooking the city, like the
4272:
4030:
3872:
3802:
3774:
3713:
3606:
3287:
3270:
3245:
3224:
2867:
2603:
1959:
1337:
650:
620:"Most of the qasabas have a circular plan, although some are square. Sometimes they have a band of
369:
349:
306:
145:
3199:
2989:
2598:
2573:
2558:
2553:
2403:
2383:
2180:
1741:
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4384:
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may also be used to describe the old part of a city, in which case it has the same meaning as a
3969:
3381:
3045:
3004:
2979:
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2220:
1806:
1684:
1362:
1305:
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959:
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866:
838:
833:
M. Bloom, Jonathan; S. Blair, Sheila, eds. (2009). "Military architecture and fortification".
813:
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385:
314:
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3019:
2994:
2923:
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1929:
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1312:
1088:
1080:
755:
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536:
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208:
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103:
97:
65:
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2013:
2008:
1976:
1737:
1679:
1667:
1649:
1516:
1497:
1423:
1400:
664:
326:
322:
212:), which is derived from the same Arabic word. By extension, the term can also refer to a
167:
161:
155:
124:
981:
Fès avant le protectorat: étude économique et sociale d'une ville de l'occident musulman
4344:
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1332:
1296:
808:
Zozaya, Juan (1992). "The
Fortifications of Al-Andalus". In Dodds, Jerrilynn D. (ed.).
625:
527:
in 1830, most of the historic lower town of
Algiers was demolished and remodeled along
512:
464:
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48:
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1988:
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614:
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house with figures in the windows: Its design resembles similar dwellings today in
592:, or even granaries. Perhaps it is a combination, although the right position of a
560:
348:, with its double wall and many fortifications. Its only parallel is the castle of
318:
930:
Architecture of the
Islamic West: North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, 700–1800
723:
Architecture of the
Islamic West: North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, 700–1800
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3887:
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2018:
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229:
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44:
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1949:
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426:
221:
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17:
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3411:
3124:
3009:
2974:
2969:
2307:
2290:
2275:
2259:
2211:
2139:
2084:
2074:
2042:
1944:
1919:
1904:
1674:
1618:
1536:
1383:
1376:
1322:
792:
Calahorra, Alcolea del Cinca. (...) Alcazaba: Spanish, from the Arabic
597:
585:
581:
556:
516:
438:
414:
407:
393:
294:
217:
188:
52:
600:." Archaeologists have found images of similar towers in the ruins of
4055:
4050:
4035:
4003:
3974:
3949:
3924:
3851:
3797:
3723:
3671:
3651:
3539:
3529:
3514:
3499:
3014:
2368:
1934:
1872:
1794:
1771:
1764:
1640:
1623:
1455:
1287:
1269:
1239:
621:
528:
373:
282:
278:
995:"نفائس فاس العتيقة : بناء 13 قصبة لأغراض عسكرية | جريدة الصباح"
894:
Islamic Palace
Architecture in the Western Mediterranean: A History
4434:
4389:
4131:
4111:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3702:
3692:
3641:
3596:
3581:
3575:
3549:
3544:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3459:
3406:
3340:
3055:
2999:
2743:
2268:
2099:
1939:
1260:
796:, fortress, fortified, fortified town, also administrative centre.
658:
610:
552:
546:
398:
353:
310:
302:
290:
191:
or fortified quarter of a city. It is also equivalent to the term
43:
1194:
4121:
4080:
3866:
3840:
3697:
3616:
3432:
3401:
2037:
1879:
1846:
1821:
1613:
1603:
1572:
1551:
994:
629:
589:
576:(southwestern province of Saudi Arabia), mentions that "ancient
447:
224:
from the Arabic word, can also refer to a settlement, a fort, a
4299:
3128:
1198:
956:
Ifriqiya: Thirteen
Centuries of Art and Architecture in Tunisia
458:
266:: exterior walls (left) and interior palace courtyard (right)
112:
83:
812:. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. pp. 63–74.
413:
In
Morocco, the term "kasbah" is also used in predominantly
539:
is another example of the term being used for an old city.
983:. Casablanca: Société Marocaine de Librairie et d'Édition.
485:
to present the subject from an encyclopedic point of view.
74:
220:. In various languages, the Arabic word, or local words
1162:. London: Middle East Economic Digest, 2nd ed., p. 320.
1145:(1998): "Asir". 15th ed., vol. 1, "Micropedia", p. 635.
835:
The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture
1021:
La alcazaba de Málaga. Historia a través de su imagen
115:
109:
77:
71:
138:
80:
4201:
4170:
4144:
4094:
4023:
3907:
3900:
3826:
3783:
3732:
3680:
3558:
3474:
3425:
3363:
3333:
3326:
3162:
3028:
2952:
2896:
2830:
2716:
2621:
2431:
2342:
2058:
2051:
1483:
1232:
106:
68:
596:, on a hill top, is the wrong place for a keep or
340:is the prototype of military architecture in the
958:(2nd ed.). Museum With No Frontiers, MWNF.
1466:
37:"Alcazaba" redirects here. For other uses, see
2028:
1974:
1792:
1638:
1172:Covington, Richard (2011): "Roads of Arabia".
580:("towers") found in the province were used as
4311:
3140:
2683:
2413:
2242:
2218:
1835:
1826:
1783:
1507:
1303:
1294:
1210:
441:, the term is sometimes applied to a type of
193:
30:"Casbah" redirects here. For other uses, see
8:
2802:
2783:
2774:
2765:
2354:
2329:
2305:
2266:
2257:
2209:
2195:
2166:
2137:
2128:
2104:
2065:
1870:
1851:
1769:
1718:
1709:
1665:
1656:
1647:
1584:
1570:
1561:
1444:
1421:
861:Barrucand, Marianne; Bednorz, Achim (1992).
775:Barrucand, Marianne; Bednorz, Achim (1992).
1453:
1435:
1381:
1367:
1285:
1276:
1267:
1258:
1249:
27:Type of fortress in Arab or Islamic regions
4318:
4304:
4296:
3904:
3330:
3147:
3133:
3125:
2055:
1217:
1203:
1195:
1154:
1152:
1092:
417:regions to denote a fortified residence (
1114:
1112:
681:
1055:Art et Architectures berbères du Maroc
725:. Yale University Press. p. 282.
1038:Ingeborg Lehmann, Rita Henss (2012):
886:
884:
882:
207:
166:
154:
7:
1160:Saudi Arabia: A MEED Practical Guide
1019:Dialnet.es, Fanny de Carranza Sell,
922:
920:
918:
916:
914:
856:
854:
810:Al-Andalus: The Art of Islamic Spain
770:
768:
543:Watchtowers in the Arabian Peninsula
332:According to architect and restorer
2609:Weapons Storage and Security System
1058:. Editions la Croisée des Chemins.
689:Petersen, Andrew (1996). "qasaba".
128:
4183:Influences on Western architecture
705:Central part of a town or citadel.
691:Dictionary of Islamic architecture
25:
863:Moorish architecture in Andalusia
777:Moorish architecture in Andalusia
4443:
4327:
4279:
4266:
3354:
3108:
3107:
1094:10.4000/encyclopedieberbere.2582
671:which features the word "Casbah"
643:
463:
253:
244:
102:
64:
4152:Aga Khan Award for Architecture
1143:The New Encyclopædia Britannica
1176:, March/April 2011, pp. 24–35.
779:. Taschen. pp. 226, 228.
525:French conquest of the country
1:
2504:British "hedgehog" road block
1187:"Marble Village of Dhee Ayn".
1121:Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three
4244:Sudano-Sahelian architecture
744:, casbah, kasba(h); fortress
4355:Al-Ukhaydir, Tabuk Province
2914:Cities with defensive walls
2499:Defensive fighting position
2414:
2219:
2029:
1975:
1836:
1827:
1793:
1784:
1639:
979:Le Tourneau, Roger (1949).
927:Bloom, Jonathan M. (2020).
897:. Oxford University Press.
837:. Oxford University Press.
717:Bloom, Jonathan M. (2020).
139:
4543:
3612:Islamic geometric patterns
1087:(in French) (6): 865–877.
693:. Routledge. p. 236.
382:Castle of Molina de Aragón
36:
29:
4452:
4441:
4340:
4257:
4046:Dar al-Shifa (Bimaristan)
3352:
3098:
2544:Hardened aircraft shelter
2519:Entry control point (ECP)
1079:Golvin, L. (1989-01-01).
933:. Yale University Press.
667:" – popular 1982 song by
551:Kasbah watchtower in the
39:Alcazaba (disambiguation)
4162:Museum with No Frontiers
3041:Continuity of government
390:Alcazaba of the Alhambra
4527:Castles in Saudi Arabia
4458:Castles in Saudi Arabia
4334:Castles in Saudi Arabia
4273:Architecture portal
2863:Motte-and-bailey castle
2569:Missile launch facility
2564:Main line of resistance
1259:
1158:Mostyn, Trevor (1983):
1001:(in Arabic). 2014-07-24
569:Encyclopædia Britannica
32:Casbah (disambiguation)
4522:Towers in Saudi Arabia
4178:Indo-Saracenic Revival
3578:(multicoloured ashlar)
2939:Military installations
2803:
2784:
2775:
2766:
2684:
2355:
2330:
2306:
2296:Scarp and Counterscarp
2267:
2258:
2243:
2210:
2196:
2167:
2138:
2129:
2105:
2066:
1871:
1852:
1770:
1719:
1710:
1666:
1657:
1648:
1585:
1571:
1562:
1508:
1467:
1454:
1445:
1436:
1422:
1382:
1368:
1304:
1295:
1286:
1277:
1268:
1250:
1081:"Architecture berbère"
1040:Morocco Baedeker Guide
891:Arnold, Felix (2017).
563:
455:Other uses of the term
410:
334:Leopoldo Torres Balbás
313:, both founded by the
194:
55:
4497:Forts in Saudi Arabia
4482:Arabic fortifications
3915:Congregational mosque
3373:(four-arch structure)
2708:Floating water castle
2439:Admiralty scaffolding
1732:Fortified buildings (
1052:Naji, Salima (2009).
760:Marrakesh, Fez, Rabat
550:
476:dictionary definition
402:
360:in Spain include the
287:Kasbah of the Oudayas
152:Arabic pronunciation:
47:
4502:Islamic architecture
4239:Ottoman architecture
4229:Moorish architecture
4224:Islamic architecture
4219:Iranian architecture
3642:Sebka (Darj-wa-ktaf)
3496:(or müezzin mahfili)
3156:Islamic architecture
3051:Subterranean warfare
2004:Viking ring fortress
1085:Encyclopédie berbère
356:. Examples of other
187:, most commonly the
150:'fortress',
4276: •
4263: •
4249:Yemeni architecture
4234:Mughal architecture
4214:Berber architecture
4209:Arabic architecture
3873:Salsabil (fountain)
3607:Islamic calligraphy
2868:Quadrangular castle
2604:Weapon storage area
1960:Quadrangular castle
651:Saudi Arabia portal
533:"Casbah" of Algiers
443:fortified granaries
370:Alcazaba of Badajoz
362:Alcazaba of Almería
350:Krak des Chevaliers
307:Kasbah of Marrakesh
236:Citadel or fortress
209:[alkaˈθaβa]
4380:Qal'at al-Mu'azzam
3950:Kuttab (or maktab)
2599:Underground hangar
2384:Fire control tower
2181:Gunpowder magazine
1609:Butter-churn tower
1174:Saudi Aramco World
564:
425:), often built of
411:
384:, the Alcazaba of
378:Alcazaba of Mérida
372:, the Alcazaba of
364:, the Alcazaba of
338:Alcazaba of Málaga
309:and the Kasbah of
299:Alcazaba of Málaga
264:Alcazaba of Málaga
216:, particularly in
56:
4517:Medieval defences
4464:
4463:
4293:
4292:
4140:
4139:
3896:
3895:
3883:Shading Umbrellas
3667:Stucco decoration
3567:For overview, see
3382:Four-centred arch
3122:
3121:
3046:Military urbanism
2980:Fortified gateway
2853:Concentric castle
2617:
2616:
2534:Fire support base
2374:Coastal artillery
2249:(Spanish America)
1843:
1685:Concentric castle
500:
499:
431:Kasbah of Telouet
423:Amazigh languages
165:
156:[qasˤaba]
149:
137:
94:
16:(Redirected from
4534:
4447:
4410:Qishla of Jeddah
4332:
4331:
4320:
4313:
4306:
4297:
4286:Islam portal
4284:
4283:
4282:
4271:
4270:
3905:
3570:Islamic ornament
3449:South Asian dome
3377:Discharging arch
3358:
3331:
3175:Anatolian Seljuk
3149:
3142:
3135:
3126:
3111:
3110:
3104:
2995:National redoubt
2924:Fortified estate
2848:Circular rampart
2808:
2789:
2780:
2771:
2689:
2449:Anti-tank trench
2444:Air raid shelter
2419:
2379:Disappearing gun
2360:
2335:
2311:
2272:
2263:
2248:
2224:
2215:
2201:
2172:
2143:
2134:
2110:
2071:
2056:
2034:
2014:Bailey (or ward)
1980:
1885:Motte-and-bailey
1876:
1857:
1841:
1833:
1832:
1798:
1789:
1775:
1724:
1715:
1671:
1662:
1653:
1644:
1590:
1576:
1567:
1513:
1470:
1459:
1450:
1441:
1427:
1387:
1373:
1313:Circular rampart
1309:
1300:
1291:
1282:
1273:
1264:
1255:
1219:
1212:
1205:
1196:
1189:
1184:
1178:
1169:
1163:
1156:
1147:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1116:
1107:
1106:
1096:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1049:
1043:
1036:
1030:
1016:
1010:
1009:
1007:
1006:
991:
985:
984:
976:
970:
969:
951:
945:
944:
924:
909:
908:
888:
877:
876:
858:
849:
848:
830:
824:
823:
805:
799:
798:
772:
763:
756:Barnaby Rogerson
753:
747:
746:
714:
708:
707:
686:
653:
648:
647:
646:
537:Casbah of Dellys
495:
492:
486:
474:appears to be a
467:
459:
257:
248:
211:
206:
197:
171:), also spelled
170:
168:[qasˤba]
160:
158:
153:
144:
142:
132:
130:
122:
121:
118:
117:
114:
111:
108:
101:
92:
90:
89:
86:
85:
82:
79:
76:
73:
70:
21:
4542:
4541:
4537:
4536:
4535:
4533:
4532:
4531:
4487:Castles by type
4467:
4466:
4465:
4460:
4448:
4439:
4415:Qishla of Mecca
4385:Qal'at al-Qatif
4336:
4326:
4324:
4294:
4289:
4280:
4278:
4265:
4253:
4197:
4188:Moorish Revival
4166:
4136:
4102:Albarrana tower
4090:
4019:
4006:in modern Iran)
3920:Dar al-Muwaqqit
3892:
3843:(fountain type)
3828:
3822:
3785:
3779:
3770:Reflecting pool
3765:Persian gardens
3760:Paradise garden
3728:
3705:(entrance hall)
3676:
3632:Nagash painting
3554:
3476:
3470:
3421:
3392:Lambrequin arch
3359:
3350:
3322:
3293:Sudano-Sahelian
3158:
3153:
3123:
3118:
3102:
3094:
3024:
2948:
2892:
2826:
2761:Imperial castle
2734:Coercion castle
2729:Coastal defence
2712:
2674:Promontory fort
2644:Hillside castle
2613:
2529:Fallout shelter
2494:Concertina wire
2474:Border security
2427:
2338:
2047:
1680:Coercion castle
1668:Cheval de frise
1650:Chemin de ronde
1498:Albarrana tower
1479:
1424:Schwedenschanze
1401:Promontory fort
1228:
1223:
1193:
1192:
1185:
1181:
1170:
1166:
1157:
1150:
1140:
1136:
1118:
1117:
1110:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1066:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1037:
1033:
1017:
1013:
1004:
1002:
993:
992:
988:
978:
977:
973:
966:
953:
952:
948:
941:
926:
925:
912:
905:
890:
889:
880:
873:
860:
859:
852:
845:
832:
831:
827:
820:
807:
806:
802:
787:
774:
773:
766:
754:
750:
733:
716:
715:
711:
701:
688:
687:
683:
678:
665:Rock the Casbah
649:
644:
642:
639:
545:
505:
496:
490:
487:
480:
468:
457:
445:(also known as
327:Kasbah Cherarda
323:Kasbah an-Nouar
270:
269:
268:
267:
260:
259:
258:
250:
249:
238:
204:
162:Maghrebi Arabic
151:
105:
96:
95:
67:
63:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4540:
4538:
4530:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4469:
4468:
4462:
4461:
4453:
4450:
4449:
4442:
4440:
4438:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4345:Ajyad Fortress
4341:
4338:
4337:
4325:
4323:
4322:
4315:
4308:
4300:
4291:
4290:
4258:
4255:
4254:
4252:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4205:
4203:
4202:Category pages
4199:
4198:
4196:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4174:
4172:
4168:
4167:
4165:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4148:
4146:
4142:
4141:
4138:
4137:
4135:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4098:
4096:
4092:
4091:
4089:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4076:Medina quarter
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4027:
4025:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4017:
4012:
4007:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3911:
3909:
3902:
3898:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3891:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3864:
3862:Riwaq (arcade)
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3838:
3832:
3830:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3789:
3787:
3781:
3780:
3778:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3750:Islamic garden
3747:
3742:
3736:
3734:
3730:
3729:
3727:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3684:
3682:
3678:
3677:
3675:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3573:
3562:
3560:
3556:
3555:
3553:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3491:
3486:
3480:
3478:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3468:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3429:
3427:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3397:Multifoil arch
3394:
3389:
3387:Horseshoe arch
3384:
3379:
3374:
3367:
3365:
3361:
3360:
3353:
3351:
3349:
3348:
3343:
3337:
3335:
3328:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3279:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3229:
3228:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3166:
3164:
3160:
3159:
3154:
3152:
3151:
3144:
3137:
3129:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3099:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3080:
3078:Trench warfare
3075:
3073:Tunnel warfare
3070:
3069:
3068:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3032:
3030:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2956:
2954:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2929:Fortifications
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2900:
2898:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2834:
2832:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2781:
2772:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2746:
2741:
2739:Counter-castle
2736:
2731:
2726:
2724:Border barrier
2720:
2718:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2659:Lowland castle
2656:
2651:
2649:Hilltop castle
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2625:
2623:
2619:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2524:Electric fence
2521:
2516:
2514:Dragon's teeth
2511:
2509:Czech hedgehog
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2435:
2433:
2429:
2428:
2426:
2425:
2423:Wire obstacles
2420:
2411:
2409:Polygonal fort
2406:
2401:
2399:Martello tower
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2364:Border outpost
2361:
2352:
2346:
2344:
2340:
2339:
2337:
2336:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2264:
2255:
2250:
2240:
2238:Polygonal fort
2235:
2230:
2225:
2216:
2207:
2202:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2135:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2062:
2060:
2053:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1849:
1844:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1790:
1781:
1776:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1750:
1745:
1730:
1728:Flanking tower
1725:
1716:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1695:Counter-castle
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1663:
1654:
1645:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1582:
1577:
1568:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1489:
1487:
1485:Post-classical
1481:
1480:
1478:
1477:
1475:Vitrified fort
1472:
1460:
1451:
1442:
1433:
1428:
1419:
1414:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1379:
1374:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1333:Defensive wall
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1301:
1292:
1283:
1274:
1265:
1256:
1247:
1242:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1229:
1226:Fortifications
1224:
1222:
1221:
1214:
1207:
1199:
1191:
1190:
1179:
1164:
1148:
1134:
1108:
1071:
1064:
1044:
1031:
1011:
986:
971:
964:
946:
939:
910:
903:
878:
871:
850:
843:
825:
818:
800:
785:
764:
748:
731:
709:
699:
680:
679:
677:
674:
673:
672:
661:
655:
654:
638:
635:
626:martello tower
544:
541:
513:medina quarter
504:
501:
498:
497:
471:
469:
462:
456:
453:
437:. In southern
435:Kasbah Amridil
429:, such as the
404:Telouet Kasbah
386:Alcalá la Real
262:
261:
252:
251:
243:
242:
241:
240:
239:
237:
234:
214:medina quarter
49:Kasbah of Sfax
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4539:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4492:Former towers
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4474:
4472:
4459:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4430:Tarout Castle
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4395:Qasr al-Farid
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4350:Al-Faqir Fort
4348:
4346:
4343:
4342:
4339:
4335:
4330:
4321:
4316:
4314:
4309:
4307:
4302:
4301:
4298:
4288:
4287:
4275:
4274:
4269:
4262:
4256:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4200:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4175:
4173:
4169:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4149:
4147:
4143:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4093:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4061:Hasht-Bihisht
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4026:
4022:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4005:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3935:Jama'at Khana
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3912:
3910:
3906:
3903:
3899:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3833:
3831:
3825:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3790:
3788:
3782:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3755:Mughal garden
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3737:
3735:
3731:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3685:
3683:
3679:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3577:
3574:
3571:
3568:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3557:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3473:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3450:
3446:
3442:
3438:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3428:
3424:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3372:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3362:
3357:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3332:
3329:
3325:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3233:
3230:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3167:
3165:
3161:
3157:
3150:
3145:
3143:
3138:
3136:
3131:
3130:
3127:
3115:
3114:
3101:
3100:
3097:
3089:
3086:
3085:
3084:
3083:Urban warfare
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3067:
3064:
3063:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3036:Civil defense
3034:
3033:
3031:
3027:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2951:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2904:Bastion forts
2902:
2901:
2899:
2895:
2889:
2888:Z-plan castle
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2858:L-plan castle
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2843:Bridge castle
2841:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2829:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2812:Refuge castle
2810:
2807:
2806:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2793:Military base
2791:
2788:
2787:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2756:Hunting lodge
2754:
2752:
2751:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2715:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2669:Moated castle
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2654:Island castle
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2622:By topography
2620:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2594:Submarine pen
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2549:Hesco bastion
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2464:Blast shelter
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2430:
2424:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2341:
2334:
2333:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2265:
2262:
2261:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2247:
2246:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2233:Place-of-arms
2231:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2222:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2050:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1869:
1867:
1866:Machicolation
1864:
1862:
1861:L-plan castle
1859:
1856:
1855:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1840:
1839:
1831:
1830:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1755:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1664:
1661:
1660:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1643:
1642:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1594:Bridge castle
1592:
1589:
1588:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1558:
1557:Bent entrance
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1542:Battery tower
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1493:Advanced work
1491:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1482:
1476:
1473:
1469:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1425:
1420:
1418:
1417:Refuge castle
1415:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1257:
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1253:
1248:
1246:
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1241:
1238:
1237:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1220:
1215:
1213:
1208:
1206:
1201:
1200:
1197:
1188:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1168:
1165:
1161:
1155:
1153:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1138:
1135:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1115:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1075:
1072:
1067:
1065:9782352700579
1061:
1057:
1056:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1022:
1015:
1012:
1000:
996:
990:
987:
982:
975:
972:
967:
965:9783902782199
961:
957:
950:
947:
942:
940:9780300218701
936:
932:
931:
923:
921:
919:
917:
915:
911:
906:
904:9780190624552
900:
896:
895:
887:
885:
883:
879:
874:
868:
864:
857:
855:
851:
846:
844:9780195309911
840:
836:
829:
826:
821:
815:
811:
804:
801:
797:
795:
788:
782:
778:
771:
769:
765:
761:
757:
752:
749:
745:
743:
739:
734:
732:9780300218701
728:
724:
720:
713:
710:
706:
702:
700:9781134613663
696:
692:
685:
682:
675:
670:
666:
662:
660:
657:
656:
652:
641:
636:
634:
631:
627:
623:
618:
616:
613:and southern
612:
607:
606:Rub' al Khali
603:
602:Qaryat al-Fāw
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
570:
562:
558:
554:
549:
542:
540:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
502:
494:
491:December 2022
484:
478:
477:
472:This section
470:
466:
461:
460:
454:
452:
450:
449:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
409:
405:
401:
397:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
330:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
275:
265:
256:
247:
235:
233:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
210:
202:
198:
196:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
169:
163:
157:
147:
141:
135:
126:
120:
99:
88:
61:
54:
50:
46:
40:
33:
19:
4477:Arab culture
4454:
4425:Shanqal Fort
4405:Asfan Castle
4400:Qasr Ibrahim
4370:Marid Castle
4364:
4360:Dhat al-Hajj
4277:
4264:
4261:Islamic arts
4116:
4065:
4041:Caravanserai
3566:
3520:Loudspeakers
3445:Persian dome
3407:Pointed arch
3205:Indo-Islamic
3195:Great Seljuk
3106:
3061:Siege engine
3029:Other topics
2953:Related word
2919:Defense line
2883:Tower castle
2838:Bastion fort
2822:Urban castle
2750:Ganerbenburg
2748:
2703:Water castle
2679:Ridge castle
2664:Marsh castle
2479:Bomb shelter
2459:Belgian gate
2432:20th century
2343:19th century
2281:Retrenchment
2253:Punji sticks
2162:Entrenchment
2157:Device Forts
2124:Counterguard
2059:Early modern
1989:Tower castle
1925:Powder tower
1900:Outer bailey
1816:
1812:Inner bailey
1786:Gulyay-gorod
1754:Ganerbenburg
1752:
1748:Fujian tulou
1690:Corner tower
1629:Chamber gate
1599:Bridge tower
1447:Trou de loup
1182:
1173:
1167:
1159:
1142:
1137:
1120:
1084:
1074:
1054:
1047:
1039:
1034:
1026:
1020:
1014:
1003:. Retrieved
998:
989:
980:
974:
955:
949:
929:
893:
862:
834:
828:
809:
803:
793:
790:
776:
759:
751:
741:
737:
736:
722:
712:
704:
690:
684:
619:
615:Saudi Arabia
577:
567:
565:
561:Saudi Arabia
520:
508:
506:
488:
473:
446:
418:
412:
357:
342:Taifa period
331:
273:
271:
192:
180:
176:
172:
59:
57:
4375:Masmak fort
3888:Windcatcher
3869:(courtyard)
3622:Mosque lamp
3602:Girih tiles
3559:Decorations
3437:Arabic dome
2960:Castle town
2817:Toll castle
2786:Lustschloss
2768:Kaiserpfalz
2698:Spur castle
2693:Rock castle
2634:Hill castle
2629:Cave castle
2589:Spider hole
2489:Bremer wall
2454:Barbed tape
2350:Barbed wire
2024:Witch tower
1994:Tower house
1984:Toll castle
1970:Shield wall
1890:Murder hole
1779:Guard tower
1396:Pincer gate
1343:Faussebraye
865:. Taschen.
572:article on
519:, the name
388:and in the
4471:Categories
4171:Influences
4086:Well house
3857:Mashrabiya
3505:Hussainiya
3441:Onion dome
3232:Indonesian
3220:Qutb Shahi
2985:Gatekeeper
2805:Ordensburg
2777:Landesburg
2584:Sentry gun
2539:Flak tower
2469:Blast wall
2389:Gun turret
2286:Sally port
2191:Kotta mara
2131:Couvreface
2095:Breastwork
2090:Blockhouse
2068:Abwurfdach
2019:Watchtower
2009:Wall tower
1965:Shell keep
1915:Portcullis
1910:Peel tower
1895:Neck ditch
1854:Landesburg
1802:Half tower
1760:Gate tower
1705:Drawbridge
1547:Battlement
1463:Wagon fort
1306:Chengqiang
1027:In Spanish
1005:2022-02-16
999:assabah.ma
872:3822896322
819:0870996371
794:al-quasaba
786:3822896322
719:"Glossary"
676:References
594:watchtower
483:rewrite it
346:Al-Andalus
277:such as a
230:blockhouse
226:watchtower
129:قَـصَـبَـة
4455:Also See:
4145:Resources
3908:Religious
3878:Shabestan
3836:Hypostyle
3818:Shadirvan
3587:Arabesque
3510:Imamzadeh
3475:Religious
3455:Semi-dome
3402:Ogee arch
3371:Chahartaq
3334:Materials
3261:Almoravid
3236:Malaysian
3088:Guerrilla
2831:By design
2579:Revetment
2394:Land mine
2325:Star fort
2152:Crownwork
2147:Covertway
2080:Barricade
1721:Embrasure
1634:Chartaque
1564:Bergfried
1522:Arrowslit
1348:Gatehouse
1318:City gate
1279:Castellum
1245:Acropolis
1129:1873-9830
1123:. Brill.
1103:1015-7344
669:The Clash
604:, in the
586:granaries
507:The word
366:Antequera
358:alcazabas
297:, or the
272:The term
134:romanized
4259:Part of
4095:Military
4031:Baradari
4024:Civilian
3847:Jharokha
3808:Mechouar
3745:Charbagh
3688:Andaruni
3662:Socarrat
3627:Muqarnas
3525:Maqsurah
3417:Vaulting
3346:Tadelakt
3327:Elements
3276:Zayyanid
3256:Aghlabid
3113:Category
3103:See also
2990:Loophole
2878:Ringwork
2873:Ringfort
2798:Obstacle
2639:Hillfort
2559:Loophole
2357:Barbette
2332:Tenaille
2315:Sea fort
2245:Presidio
2205:Magazine
2186:Hornwork
2119:Cavalier
2114:Casemate
2107:Caponier
1950:Ringwork
1838:Detinets
1807:Hoarding
1712:Enceinte
1587:Bretèche
1532:Bartizan
1527:Barbican
1503:Alcazaba
1431:Stockade
1411:Ringfort
1391:Palisade
1363:Landwehr
1358:Hillfort
758:(2000):
637:See also
582:lookouts
555:city of
529:European
503:Old city
427:mudbrick
419:tighremt
325:and the
315:Almohads
222:borrowed
205:Spanish:
195:alcazaba
185:fortress
18:Alcazaba
4512:Maghreb
4507:Kasbahs
4420:Qishlah
4193:Mudéjar
4157:ArchNet
4107:Alcázar
3980:Musalla
3965:Maqbara
3955:Madrasa
3945:Külliye
3940:Khanqah
3930:Gongbei
3829:cooling
3827:Passive
3793:Chhatri
3786:objects
3784:Outdoor
3733:Gardens
3709:Mirador
3647:Shabaka
3637:Qashani
3592:Banna'i
3535:Minaret
3477:objects
3467:(eaves)
3465:Chhajja
3412:Squinch
3313:Umayyad
3308:Timurid
3298:Swahili
3283:Ottoman
3266:Almohad
3251:Moorish
3241:Iranian
3210:Bengali
3190:Fatimid
3185:Chinese
3180:Ayyubid
3170:Abbasid
3020:Vedette
3010:Schloss
2975:Festung
2970:Dungeon
2965:Château
2909:Castles
2717:By role
2574:Pillbox
2404:Outpost
2320:Station
2308:Schanze
2291:Sandbag
2276:Redoubt
2260:Ravelin
2228:Palanka
2212:Orillon
2198:Lunette
2140:Coupure
2085:Bastion
2075:Arsenal
2043:Zwinger
1955:Roundel
1945:Ricetto
1920:Postern
1905:Outwork
1829:Kremlin
1700:Curtain
1675:Citadel
1659:Chemise
1619:Caltrop
1537:Bastion
1510:Alcázar
1406:Rampart
1384:Oppidum
1377:Nuraghe
1323:Crannog
1297:Castros
1233:Ancient
1023:, 2011.
740:: also
598:granary
557:Al Baha
517:Algiers
481:Please
439:Tunisia
433:or the
415:Amazigh
408:Morocco
394:Granada
295:Morocco
228:, or a
218:Algeria
201:Spanish
189:citadel
183:, is a
148:
136::
53:Tunisia
4365:Kasbah
4117:Kasbah
4066:Kasbah
4056:Hammam
4051:Ghorfa
4036:Bazaar
4015:Zawiya
4004:takyeh
3975:Mosque
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