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The music makes a gradual return to the original tempo; Ravel added four bars to the original score here, making use of woodwind tremolos. The piece builds to a conclusion and ends in what critics have variously described as "a blaze of orchestral color", "an exhilarating climax", and "a grand and
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melody for solo bassoon – the clown's song – alternating with shimmering string sonorities. To represent the sounds of the extreme treble of the piano original, the accompaniment to the bassoon melody is scored for 24-part strings, some instruments bowed, others plucked, and deploying a range of
267:
The music is mainly quiet for the first 28 bars as the themes are established. They are then brought together in what the commentator Eric
Bromberger describes as "a great explosion of sound, subtly tinted by Ravel's use of castanets, tambourine, cymbals and harp". and then a fortissimo chord
116:(Mirrors), a suite of five short piano pieces. He later orchestrated two of them: the orchestral version of "Une Barque sur l'océan" (A Barque on the Ocean) came out in 1906; more than a decade elapsed before Ravel orchestrated the other, the "Alborado del gracioso".
85:
traditions: he was a figure of
Spanish comedy, the genial buffoon, the grotesque lover, an amusingly entertaining person, a servant who comments on the actions of his superiors. Accordingly the whole title is rendered variously as
1104:
133:
in 1909. Diaghilev visited Spain for the first time in 1916 and was so taken with the country that he commissioned several ballets on
Spanish themes. The first appeared in the same year:
211:(fairly quick), ♩ = 92. Like the piano original, the piece begins with imitations of guitar music. In the orchestral version they are produced by the first harp, played close to the
73:
folk tune; and a type of rhythmically free music played on bagpipes and drum. But as usually construed for Ravel's piece it is an announcement of dawn, a sunrise song, an aubade.
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by Ravel fourteen years later for use as a ballet. In this form, as a standalone orchestral piece, it is often played in concert.
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The music consists of two sections of lively dance music, separated by a rhapsodic, extended song. The opening is marked
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149:. It was danced to a composite score that included "Alborada del gracioso" (in its piano version) along with
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in 1926. Since then there have been numerous versions on record. In a comparative survey of recordings for
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69:, or dawn in English, has various musical meanings: a song for a wedding day; a folk dance; a
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167:. Diaghilev commissioned Ravel to orchestrate the Alborada (and the Chabrier piece,
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127:. He was well acquainted with Ravel, having commissioned from him the music for
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1102:" Chabrier; Massenet; Ravel; Debussy CD review – joyous and wonderfully vivid"
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758:, Alison Latham (ed.), Oxford University Press, 2011. Retrieved 4 March 2021
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Russ, Michael (2000). "Ravel and the orchestra". In
Deborah Mawer (ed.).
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March, Ivan; Edward
Greenfield; Robert Layton; Paul Czajkowski (2008).
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Introduction and
Allegro for Harp, Flute, Clarinet, and String Quartet
34:
179:, London in 1919. Before the ballet opened in London the orchestral
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violins and violas. The basic metre of the opening section is
1009:
Schiavo, Paul. Notes to
Seattle Symphony Media CD SSM 1002
935:, Bibliothèque nationale de France. Retrieved 3 March 2021
683:
using original or reproduction instruments of the period.
856:, New York Philharmonic Orchestra. Retrieved 3 March 2021
726:, San Diego Symphony Orchestra, 15–17 May 2015, pp. 4–6
1040:, CD Review, BBC Radio 3, 2014. Retrieved 5 March 2021
836:, Chicago Symphony Orchestra. Retrieved 3 March 2021
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119:The orchestration came about at the invitation of
561:Recordings recommended by other critics include:
363:Orchestre national de la Radiodiffusion Française
1167:The Modern Repertory of the Symphony Orchestra
106:In the years 1904–05, as he was finishing his
1317:
1186:The Penguin Guide to Recorded Classical Music
183:was premiered in Paris on 17 May 1919 by the
8:
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865:Anderson, Robert. Notes to Naxos CD 8.572887
268:introduces the central episode, a plaintive
234:but Ravel varies it with occasional bars of
65:The Spanish title has no exact translation.
171:) for a production of the ballet, retitled
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1270:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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1287:The Record Shelf Guide to Classical CDs
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39:is the fourth of the five movements of
16:Orchestral composition by Maurice Ravel
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310:The first recording of the orchestral
1506:Piano Concerto in D for the Left Hand
7:
1207:. New Haven: Yale University Press.
792:participating institution membership
1773:Compositions for symphony orchestra
1133:. Newton Abbot: David and Charles.
976:, BBC, 2014. Retrieved 5 March 2021
14:
677:historically informed performance
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215:, along with precisely arranged
1625:Pavane pour une infante défunte
1461:Pavane pour une infante défunte
1021:. Notes to Chandos CD CHAN 8850
1637:Valses nobles et sentimentales
1489:Valses nobles et sentimentales
1031:"Ravel: Alborada del gracioso"
804:Chase, p. 232; and Lee, p. 318
679:, released a recording of the
1:
1788:Compositions by Maurice Ravel
756:The Oxford Companion to Music
1707:Pierre-Joseph Ravel (father)
1268:Cambridge Companion to Ravel
503:Orchestre national de France
330:short-listed the following:
1544:Sonata for Violin and Cello
1131:Richard Baker's Music Guide
92:Morning Song of the Buffoon
1804:
1369:L'enfant et les sortilèges
1222:Orenstein, Arbie (1991) .
1742:
1611:Menuet sur le nom d'Haydn
1468:Pictures at an Exhibition
1339:
779:Oxford English Dictionary
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341:
338:
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88:Morning Song of the Clown
1683:Trois poèmes de Mallarmé
1669:Don Quichotte à Dulcinée
1107:22 December 2015 at the
972:25 February 2019 at the
967:" Alborada del gracioso"
318:Orchestra, conducted by
123:, the impresario of the
1244:Alborada del gracioso:
1241:Ravel, Maurice (1920).
1224:Ravel: Man and Musician
1203:Nichols, Roger (2011).
1169:. New York: Routledge.
1148:Chase, Gilbert (1942).
1129:Baker, Richard (1979).
784:Oxford University Press
760:(subscription required)
675:, which specialises in
1717:Impressionism in music
1712:Close and open harmony
1597:Le Tombeau de Couperin
1426:Le Tombeau de Couperin
1226:. Mineola, US: Dover.
832:10 August 2017 at the
687:References and sources
667:In 2015 the conductor
599:Philadelphia Orchestra
204:
173:Les jardins d'Aranjuez
26:
1539:Piano Trio in A minor
1412:Alborada del gracioso
1165:Lee, Douglas (2002).
931:27 March 2019 at the
312:Alborada del gracioso
202:
31:Alborada del gracioso
24:
1676:Histoires naturelles
1377:L'Ă©ventail de Jeanne
1344:List of compositions
1285:Svejda, Jim (1995).
1253:. Paris: E. Demets.
1036:5 March 2021 at the
944:Nichols, pp. 202–203
852:4 March 2020 at the
750:5 March 2021 at the
722:2 April 2016 at the
669:François-Xavier Roth
655:Yan Pascal Tortelier
551:Christoph Eschenbach
418:Paris Conservatoire
1655:Chansons madécasses
1559:String Quartet in F
1554:Violin Sonata No. 2
1549:Violin Sonata No. 1
1511:Piano Concerto in G
1188:. London: Penguin.
782:(Online ed.).
547:Orchestre de Paris
533:Berlin Philharmonic
474:Orchestre de Paris
450:Herbert von Karajan
409:Carlo Maria Giulini
378:Paris Conservatoire
185:Pasdeloup Orchestra
145:'s painting of the
96:The Jester's Aubade
1583:Gaspard de la nuit
1475:Rapsodie espagnole
1289:. Rocklin: Prima.
1150:The Music of Spain
1100:Clements, Andrew.
825:Huscher, Phillip.
715:Bromberger, Eric.
671:and the orchestra
616:Royal Philharmonic
445:Orchestre de Paris
316:Berlin State Opera
302:glorious racket".
205:
169:the Menuet pompeux
27:
1783:1919 compositions
1778:1904 compositions
1760:
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1385:L'heure espagnole
1277:978-0-521-64026-8
1233:978-0-486-26633-6
1214:978-0-30-010882-8
1195:978-0-141-03336-5
1176:978-0-41-593846-4
1140:978-0-71-537782-6
997:Russ, pp. 135–136
965:Maycock, Robert.
895:Orenstein, p. 159
845:Keller, James M.
790:(Subscription or
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165:Emmanuel Chabrier
110:, Ravel composed
77:has roots in the
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25:Ravel in 1914
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1113:The Guardian
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638:Eduardo Mata
621:André Previn
587:Fritz Reiner
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508:Eliahu Inbal
404:Philharmonia
383:Albert Wolff
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203:Opening bars
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161:Louis Aubert
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55:orchestrated
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43:piano suite
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1734:Les Apaches
1499:Concertante
1482:Shéhérazade
985:Ravel, p. 3
813:Lee, p. 318
673:Les Siècles
465:Seiji Ozawa
324:BBC Radio 3
288:, multiple
213:sound board
189:Rhené-Baton
139:Las meninas
1767:Categories
1728:The Bolero
1722:Ravel Peak
1590:Jeux d'eau
1575:Solo piano
1404:Orchestral
794:required.)
745:"alborada"
692:References
570:Conductor
567:Orchestra
435:Paul Paray
339:Conductor
336:Orchestra
306:Recordings
102:Background
79:troubadour
1295:103681656
1259:993665100
1091:, p. 1050
1078:, p. 1503
1065:, p. 1502
421:Cluytens
395:Ansermet
328:Rob Cowan
298:effects.
295:sul tasto
286:harmonics
217:pizzicato
209:assez vif
175:, at the
147:same name
143:Velázquez
1752:Category
1631:Sonatine
1433:La valse
1396:(ballet)
1380:(ballet)
1364:(ballet)
1158:12178522
1105:Archived
1034:Archived
970:Archived
929:Archived
850:Archived
830:Archived
773:"aubade"
748:Archived
720:Archived
681:Alborada
181:Alborada
83:trouvère
75:Gracioso
71:Galician
67:Alborada
51:Alborada
1700:Related
1618:Miroirs
1565:Tzigane
1527:Chamber
1517:Tzigane
1454:Miroirs
1388:(opera)
1372:(opera)
1123:Sources
113:Miroirs
46:Miroirs
1419:Boléro
1293:
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1230:
1211:
1192:
1173:
1156:
1137:
1089:et al.
1087:March
1076:et al.
1074:March
1063:et al.
1061:March
156:Pavane
35:Aubade
1647:Vocal
1353:Stage
1251:(PDF)
1205:Ravel
788:
659:1993
642:1988
625:1986
608:1960
591:1958
573:Year
555:2004
542:1994
527:1989
512:1987
497:1983
482:1975
469:1974
454:1971
439:1963
424:1962
413:1960
398:1960
387:1959
372:1953
357:1951
342:Year
290:stops
195:Music
61:Title
1291:OCLC
1272:ISBN
1255:OCLC
1228:ISBN
1209:ISBN
1190:ISBN
1171:ISBN
1154:OCLC
1135:ISBN
576:Ref
292:and
249:and
163:and
81:and
53:was
153:'s
137:'s
98:.
94:or
1769::
1111:,
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276:4
257:8
242:8
227:8
37:)
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