Aleksandr I. Kuprin - Knowledge (XXG)

2474: 550: 832:, his most ambitious and controversial work. The first part of this novelistic study of prostitution appeared in 1909, the second in 1914, and the third in 1915. Part I, as it came out, provoked widespread controversy; parts II and III were met with almost universal indifference. Kuprin, who could not decide, apparently, whether his novel should be a documentary or fiction, either oscillated between the two or attempted to combine them in an artificial way. "He is more successful when in documentary vein, and so Part I, with its details of life in the brothel, is by far the best," argues Luker. The novel was criticized by some Russian critics and authors (Leo Tolstoy among them) for excessive 695:. This novel, conceived in his second year in the army, and commenting on the "horror and tedium of army life," was published on 3 May 1905. The creation of this novel was a cathartic experience for Kuprin. "I must free myself from the heavy burden of impressions accumulated by my years of military service. I will call this novel The Duel, because it will be my duel ... with the tsarist army. The army cripples the soul, destroys all a man's finest impulses, and debases human dignity... I have to write about all I have known and seen. And with my novel I shall challenge the tsarist army to a duel," he informed his wife in a letter. 670: 1041: 658: 1150:'s husband. In the early 1900s she was a sister of mercy, later Lidia's governess and Alexandra Davydova's good friend. In 1907 the couple married and settled in Gatchina. In 1908 their daughter Ksenia was born. Their second daughter Zinaida was born in 1909 and died of pneumonia in 1912. After the Kuprins' return to Russia Yelizaveta Kuprina-Geinrikh devoted herself to compiling and publishing her husband's literary legacy. She committed suicide in 1942, during the 1189:

preoccupations of his generation... With his contemporaries Chekhov, Gorky, and Bunin. he brought the genre of the short story to an efflorescence without parallel in Russian letters. What he conceded in restraint to Chekhov, conviction to Gorky, and subtlety to Bunin, Kuprin made up for in narrative pace, construction of plot, and richness of theme. These latter qualities, coupled with his abiding interest in the human soul, make him still very readable today.

962: 205: 1228:" for his stories about pathetic adventure-seekers, who are often "neurotic and vulnerable." All through the 20th century Alexander Kuprin remained "one of the widest read classics in Russian literature," with many films based on his works, partly due to "his vivid stories of the lives of ordinary people and unhappy love, his descriptions of the military and brothels, making him a writer for all times and places." 295:. Three years later Aleksandr's mother moved, with young Aleksandr, into the Widows' Home in Kudrino, Moscow, a period reflected in his tale "A White Lie" (1914). In 1876 he entered the Razumovsky boarding school, the source of what he later referred to as 'childhood grievances', but also an environment which nourished his riotous nature and in which he found himself popular among peers as storyteller. 844: 649:

attention to the plight of the 'little man' - thus following the best traditions of Russian literature." Among the noticeable stories were "At the Circus" (1902) praised by Chekhov and Tolstoy, "The Swamp" (1902), linked thematically with the Polesye cycle, and "The Jewess" (1904), demonstrating Kuprin's profound sympathy for this persecuted minority in Russian society at a time when

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very robust and strong," he wrote later, "but returned an emaciated, ... feeble, weak-willed invalid. This was no longer Kuprin – that man of outstanding talent; it was something ... weak, sad, and visibly dying." Later Bunin insisted that Kuprin's role was purely passive: "He did not go to Russia – he was taken there, very ill, already in his second childhood," he wrote.

1107: 1000:. Grieved at his separation from Russia, he became lonely and withdrawn. The family's poverty made the situation worse. "I am left naked ... and destitute as a homeless old dog," Kuprin wrote to Ivan Zaikin, an old friend. All this combined to hinder his writing. "The more talented a man is, the harder is for him life without Russia," Kuprin told a reporter in 1925. 467:, Kuprin's first major work, a critique of the rapidly growing Russian capitalism and a reflection of the growing industrial unrest in the country. Since then only twice did he briefly returned to the theme, in "A Muddle" (1897) and "In the Bowels of the Earth" (1899). "On this basis one is tempted to conclude that his concern for the industrial worker in 51: 323:'s "Lorelei"). His early political awareness found expression in these works; according to the scholar Nicholas Luker, "perhaps the most interesting of Kuprin's early poems is the political piece "Dreams", written on 14 April 1887, the day before sentence was passed on the terrorists who had plotted to assassinate 758:" (1906), which told the tale of a Japanese spy posing as a Russian officer, was praised by Gorky. Much discussed were "An Insult" (1906) - and "Gambrinus" (1907), an emotional summation of many motifs of his writing after 1905, echoing the declamatory tone of "Events in Sevastopol", according to Luker. 1078:

published Kuprin's "Fragments of Memoirs". In October the sketch "My Native Moscow" came out. Memoirs about Kuprin's last days, published in the Soviet Union, give us a picture of a man, happy with his return to his native country. On the other hand, in her account of Kuprin's last months, the writer

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Kuprin's nostalgia explains the retrospective quality of his work after he had emigrated. He returned to familiar themes from his earlier writing - and dwelled on personal experiences, linking him with the homeland he had lost. His visit to southwest France in 1925 inspired "Crimson Blood" (1926), a

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As World War I broke out, Kuprin opened a military hospital in his Gatchina home, then visited towns on the Western front. Towards the end of 1914 he appealed through the press for money for the wounded, and in December rejected the idea of celebrating the 25th anniversary of his literary career. As

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was Kuprin's last major work, and to many it signaled the decline of his creativity. His best-known 1912–1914 stories are "Black Lightning" and "Anathema", while his visit to the South of France between April and July 1912 gave rise to "The Cote d'Azur", the twenty sketches forming a cycle of travel

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Kuprin's position in the history of Russian literature is highly significant, if not unique. Born into an age overshadowed by the great Russian novel, which had reached its zenith in the 1860s. he turned to the short story as the genre suited both to his own restless temperament and to the manifold

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In 1908 Kuprin's relationship with Gorky deteriorated, and he quit Znanye. The same year saw the publication of "Seasickness", a short story telling of the rape of a Social Democrat heroine - and showing her revolutionary husband in an unfavorable light, which Gorky regarded as a deliberate slur on

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The years in Paris had broken his health, and transformed him into an old man. The tragic change was noticed by the writer Nikolay Teleshov, his friend of the early 1900s. Visiting Kuprin shortly after his arrival, Teleshov found him confused, rambling, and pathetic. "He left Russia ... physically

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In the mid-1900s their relationships deteriorated, Kuprin's alcohol abuse being the major reason. On one occasion, outraged by his behavior in the company of drunkards and prostitutes whom he brought to their dacha, Maria Karlovna crashed a decanter over his head. Another incident when, during an

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in 1882. Several of Kuprin's autobiographical stories, like "At the Turning Point" (1900), "The River of Life" (1906) and "Lenochka" (1910), refer to this period. "The memory of the birching at the Cadet Corps stayed with me for the rest of my life," he wrote not long before his death. Yet it was

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as "another nail in the coffin of autocracy," while their conservative counterparts condemned it as a "perfidious assault on the ruling order." One officer even challenged Kuprin to a duel through a Petersburg paper, while a group of twenty officers sent Kuprin a letter in 1905, expressing their

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By 1930 Kuprin's family was in poverty and debt. His literary fees were meager; heavy drinking dogged his Parisian years; after 1932 his sight began to deteriorate; and his handwriting became impaired. His wife's attempts to establish a book-binding shop and a library for émigrés were financial

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Kuprin wrote less between 1902 and 1905 than he had in the provinces; but, according to Luker, "if the quantity of his writing was reduced – some twenty tales in all – its quality was incomparably higher... More conscious now of the blatant contrasts prevalent in Russian society, he turned his

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After retiring from the service, without any definite plans for the future, or "any knowledge, academic or practical" (according to "Autobiography"), Kuprin embarked upon a five-year-long trip through the South-West of the Russian Empire. He tried many types of job, including dental care, land

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Aside from his personal dissatisfaction with army life, the publication of "The Inquiry" was probably the major reason for Kuprin's resignation, in the summer of 1894. "There can be no doubt that the appearance of such a work, written by an officer and signed with his full name, would have had

395:" (1894), his first publication to arouse critical comment, was concerned with the army, starting a series of Russian army-themed short stories: "A Place to Sleep" (1897), "The Night-shift" (1899), "Praporshchik" (1897), and "The Mission" (1901) which finally resulted in his most famous work, 1219:

who acclaimed him a true successor to Chekhov. Although he lived in an age when writers were carried away by literary experiments, Kuprin did not seek innovation and wrote only about the things he himself had experienced and his heroes are the next generation after Chekhov's pessimists.

432:. The qualities necessary for a good journalist, he believed, were "mad courage, audacity, breadth of view, and amazing memory," gifts he considered himself to possess in full measure. While on frequent journeys to Russia's Southwest he contributed to newspapers in 478:

and chronicles, Kuprin wrote small sketches investigating particular environments, or portraying people of specific occupations or circumstances, later gathered into a collection. March 1896 saw the publication of eight such sketches in a small edition entitled

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a reserve officer he was called up in November 1914, and commanded an infantry company in Finland till May 1915, when he was discharged on grounds of ill health. That was the reason why he could not become a war correspondent, a career he aspired to during the

522:. "There I absorbed my most vigorous, noble, extensive, and fruitful impressions... and came to know the Russian language and landscape," he remembered in 1920. Three stories of his unfinished "Polesye Cycle" – "The Backwoods", his much acclaimed love piece 653:

were regular occurrences in the Russian South West. Other themes of Kuprin's prose of this period include hypocrisy ("A Quiet Life", 1904; "Good Company", 1905), bigotry ("Measles", 1904), and the degeneration of the idle class ("The High Priest", 1905).

949:(Land), a paper designed especially for the peasantry. His proposed program involved assisting the government in the radical transformation of rural life, along lines not conflicting with the principles of communism. Supported by Gorky and approved by 1049:

disasters. A return to the Soviet Union offered the only solution to Kuprin's material and psychological difficulties. In late 1936 he finally decided to apply for a visa. On 29 May 1937, seen off only by their daughter, the Kuprins left the

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of 1904–1905. Among his few stories that reflected the war, most notable were his satires ("Goga Veselov", "The Cantaloups", "Daddy", "Grunya"), taking a swipe at the cynics who were making fortunes upon the nation's grievances.

811:(1907–1911), a set of sketches on the fishermen of Balaklava, provided a lyrical paean to the simple life and an epic glorification of the virtues of its simple folk. In October 1909 Kuprin and Bunin were jointly awarded the 1139: 938:, arguing that the Bolsheviks threatened Russian culture, and that their insufficient knowledge of the country had brought suffering to peasants. In June 1918 Kuprin was arrested for a short time for an article in the paper 942:(Rumor) critical of the regime. One of his 1918 stories ("The Caterpillar") praised the heroism of women revolutionaries, another ("The Ghost of Gatchina") was an anti-Bolshevik tale of the tyranny of Russia's new masters. 701:

became the literary sensation of the year in Russia. In 1905 some 45.5 thousand copies were sold, a vast number for the early 1900s. The controversy this novel caused continued until 1917. Critics on the left welcomed

1147: 711:, according to Luker, marked "the summit of Kuprin's career... assuring him immortality in the annals of Russian literature." The first edition in English, translated by W. F. Harvey, was published in London in 1907. 899:(The Petrograd Leaflet). While welcoming the freedom brought by the February Revolution, he foresaw the excesses that further upheaval might bring, and warned against Russia's plunging into an orgy of bloodshed. 407:

surveying, acting, being a circus performer, psalm singer, doctor, hunter, fisher, etc., each of these subsequently reflected in his fictional work. All the while he was engaged in self-education and reading.

645:, rumor had it that he owed his success to his family connections. "Life is hard: scandal, gossip, envy, hatred ... I feel very lonely and sad," he confessed to one of his Kyiv friends in a letter. 1128:

ugly row, he tried to set her dress on fire, proved to be their last: in 1907 the couple divorced. Maria Davydova later married the Soviet diplomat Nikolai Iordansky; in 1966 her book of memoirs

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Kuprin's return earned publication of his works within the Soviet Union, but he wrote practically nothing new after that. In June 1937, to mark the first anniversary of Gorky's death in June,

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the Russian Socialists. Among Kuprin's other works of the period are "Emerald" (1907), the most famous of his animal stories, "Sulamith" (1908), an ode to 'eternal love', closely based on

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Despite his literary success, Kuprin's first years in Petersburg were stressful. His employment with the magazine left him little time for his own writing; and when his work did appear in

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as "an honest and courageous man," stating that "Bolshevism constitutes a great, pure, disinterested doctrine, that is inevitable for mankind." Still, while working for a brief time with

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Among his better known stories of the mid-1900s were "Dreams", "The Toast", "Art", and "The Murderer", the latter taking up the issue of violence that swept over Russia at the time. "

735:, which mutinied in June 1905. Regarded as politically unreliable, he was put under secret police surveillance. In "Events in Sevastopol" he described the destruction of the cruiser 622:

praised the collection for its vivid language; and critics were almost unanimous in their approbation, pointing to Kuprin's closeness in themes and technique to Chekhov and Gorky.

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Most of Kuprun's thirty youthful poems date from 1883 to 1887, the four years when he was in the Cadet Corps. Kuprin also made several translations of foreign verse (including

2702: 1124:. When she died in 1902, Maria Karlovna took over it and soon Kuprin became the head of the fiction section of his wife's journal. They had one daughter, Lidia (1903–1924). 549: 1086:

In January 1938 Kuprin's health deteriorated. By July his condition was grave. Already suffering from a kidney disorder and sclerosis, he had now developed cancer of the

2717: 743:. His later tale "The Caterpillar" (1918) reveals that he helped to rescue several sailors who escaped from the blazing cruiser. The Black Sea Fleet commander, Admiral 2687: 751:. In June 1906 Chukhnin was assassinated; but the case was not closed; and two years later in Zhitomir Kuprin was sentenced to a fine and ten days' house arrest. 335:

In the autumn of 1888, Kuprin left the Cadet Corps to enter the Alexander Military Academy in Moscow. In the summer of 1890, he graduated from the Academy ranked

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for Moscow. On 31 May they were met there by representatives of writers' organizations, and installed in the Metropole Hotel. In early June they moved to a

391:(1893) and several short stories, mostly the artful studies of abnormal states of mind ("A Slav Soul", "Madness" and "The Forgotten Kiss", all 1894). Only " 2707: 2697: 1065:, outside Moscow, where Kuprin received medical attention, and rested till the winter. In mid-December he and his wife moved to an apartment in Leningrad. 918:(Dawn) among them – his attitude to the new regime remained ambivalent. He recognized the historical significance of the Bolshevik Revolution, and admired 2712: 2525: 371:", based on a real life incident, the 1881 suicide by poisoning on stage of the singer Yevlalya Kadmina, a scandalous tragedy which had also inspired 2626: 1345: 777:

in his airplane trips. In 1907 he divorced his first wife - and married Yelizaveta Geinrikh (1882–1943), who in 1908 gave birth to their daughter

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Kuprin on Literature. pp. 224–37 // I. Gura, "Kuprin's Letters to F.D. Batiushkov from Danilovsky", Almanac Sever (Vologda, 1963). pp. 152–158.

981:(Neva Country), a paper published by Yudenich's army headquarters. In October, as the Whites retreated westward, Kuprin traveled with them to 288:

family who had lost most of their wealth during the 19th century. Aleksandr had two older sisters, Sofia (1861–1922) and Zinaida (1863–1934).

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in Estonia, and in December left for Finland. After half a year in Helsinki, they sailed for France, arriving in Paris in early July 1920.

747:, generally seen as responsible for the tragedy, ordered Kuprin to leave Sevastopol within 48 hours, and instituted legal proceedings for 614:

In February 1903 the Gorky-founded Znanye (Knowledge) published the collection of eight tales by Kuprin, among them "The Enquiry" and

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In February 1902, Kuprin married Maria Karlovna Davydova (1881—1966), the adopted daughter of Alexandra Davydova, the widow of the

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Three years would pass between the appearance of "The Last Debut" and Kuprin's second publication "Psyche" in December 1892. Like "

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From 1905 onwards, Kuprin again became engaged in numerous non-literary fields. He put himself forward as an elector to the first

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in 1928, to attend a conference of Russian writers who had also emigrated. The three major works of Kuprin's Parisian years were

1032:(1932), and the romantic "Jeannette" (1933), describing an elderly professor's affection for a little girl in his neighborhood. 584:. The 150 letters that are extant represent a minor part of their vast correspondence. Later Kuprin expressed much gratitude to 382:" which followed, "Psyche" showed the aberrations of a deranged mind, investigating the thin line between fantasy and reality. 2289: 1172:. After her return to the USSR in 1958, she worked as stage actress, translator, author and scriptwriter. Her book of memoirs 570:, whom he regularly corresponded with up until the latter's death in 1904, often seeking his advice. Kuprin's friendship with 2682: 2518: 1683:

Kuleshov, F.I. Unpublished Kuprin. Scientific Notes. Vol.II, Articles on Literature. Iuzhnosakhalinsky GPI. Sakhalin, p. 61.

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would last almost forty years, continuing in emigration. Another important figure for Kuprin was the scholar and critic

669: 744: 732: 603:. In February 1902 Kuprin married Maria Karlovna Davydova, the adopted daughter of Alexandra Davydova, the editor of 906:

did little to clarify Kuprin's political position. In the articles he contributed to various papers till mid-1918 –

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Mirolyubov, V.S. 1899–1907. Literary Archive, vol. 5, Academy of Science, Moscow-Leningrad, 1960, pp. 118–27.

879:, where he had gone on medical advice. Returning to Gatchina, he expressed his enthusiasm at the collapse of 2549: 1195: 1058: 833: 755: 691: 324: 229: 141: 124: 1499: 807:(1911), his famous 'doomed romanticism' novella, where hopeless love finds its quietly tragic apotheosis. 2498: 2584: 1298: 1143: 463: 242: 70: 1013: 270:

Aleksandr Kuprin was born 1870 in Narovchat, Penza, to Ivan Ivanovich Kuprin, a government official in

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for the city of Petersburg. In 1909–1910 he made an air balloon flight with a renowned sportsman,

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In 1901 Kuprin joined the Moscow Sreda (Wednesday) literary society, which was founded in 1899 by

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In Petersburg Kuprin found himself in the center of Russian cultural life. He became friends with

546:, invited Kuprin to join this popular Petersburg monthly, and in December he moved to the capital. 1151: 903: 864: 774: 607:. The latter died that same year. Maria Karlovna took over the publication; and soon Kuprin left 542: 457: 225: 1083:

painted a picture of a disillusioned old man, who felt he was a stranger in his native country.

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The next seventeen years in Paris saw the decline of Kuprin's creativity and his succumbing to

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and was posted to the 46th Dnieper Infantry Regiment (which he chose at random) stationed in

2640: 2478: 1377: 1221: 1091: 974: 927: 596: 554: 253: 204: 1924:. Ch. 2. "В среде демократических писателей". p. 116. Moscow: Khudozhestvennaya Literatura. 1090:. Surgery did little to help. Alexander Kuprin died on 25 August 1938, and was interred in 2460: 1868:

Koretskaya, I.V. (1966) "Gorky and Kuprin. Gorky Readings, 1964–1965". Moscow. pp. 119–61.

1416: 1225: 1208: 843: 766: 724: 720: 600: 487:, came out, with one of his best known circus stories, "Allez!", earning high praise from 307:, Kuprin was enrolled into the Second Moscow Military High School, and turned over to the 50: 634:) now praised Kuprin's compact style and his ability to convey a feeling of effervescent 2619: 2592: 2340:

at kuprin.velchel.ru. – Ксения Александровна Куприна, дочь от второго брака (1908–1981)

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Kuprin became openly critical of the regime. He established links with sailors of the

2656: 2557: 2456: 2305:Об авторе. Куприна-Иорданская М. К. Годы молодости. Вступительная статья В. Г. Лидина 1263: 1200: 935: 828: 812: 635: 567: 437: 433: 408: 372: 360: 336: 236: 168: 156: 2445: 351: 1232: 1050: 98: 1589: 1164:

model and then actress who, as Kissa Kuprine, appeared in 11 films, starting with

2414: 2399: 599:, and united mostly the young realist writers, among whom were Gorky, Bunin, and 499:, as well as his "Industrial Sketches", made in 1896–1899 after his visit to the 1515: 1235: 1216: 1204: 1161: 923: 619: 589: 488: 285: 17: 2465: 1970:

Kuprina-Iordanskaia, M.K. Years of Youth (Gody molodosti). Moscow. 1966. p. 81

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there that he develop an interest in literature and started to write poetry.

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Nord, Lydia (1954) "The Return of A.I.Kuprin" ("Возвращение А.И. Куприна").

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Kurpin's second wife was Yelizaveta Geinrikh (1882–1942), a daughter of the

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did much to help Kuprin build his literary reputation. In September 1901

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Kuprin's years of military service saw the publication of a short novel

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An Anthology of Russian Neo-realism: The "Znanie" School of Maxim Gorky

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region, definitely marked a further stage in his maturing as a writer.

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Aspiz, E. M. "A.I. Kuprin in Balaklava". Krym, 23 (1959), pp. 131–36.

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his "greatest masterpiece" (chapter IV) and likewise literary critic

1118:'s director who, after her husband's death in 1889, became editor of 650: 500: 449: 2503: 2483: 1279:(Юнкера, written 1928–1932, published 1933), autobiographical novel 1105: 1054: 1039: 986: 960: 950: 919: 842: 783: 656: 548: 350: 1893:

Bogdanovich, A. (1903) "Critical Notes" ("Критические заметки"),

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in March of that year." Kuprin was 17 years of age at that date.

415: 2507: 1199:(1905), Kuprin was highly praised by fellow writers including 483:, Kuprin's first book. In October 1897 his second collection, 363:, an established poet who arranged for the publication in the 1850:

Correspondence of Kuprin and Mirolyubov. P.P. Shirmakov, ed.

1028:(13 sketches styled as a novel, 1929), the autobiographical 1008:, followed in 1927 by "The Blessed South", four sketches on 665:, Frontispiece (1905), 1st edition, Saint Petersburg, Russia 495:

as his "first childish steps along the road of literature".

1592:. The Biobibliographical Dictionary. Prosveshchenye. Moscow 677:(1907), 1st edition in English, London, trans. W. F. Harvey 2401:Александр Иванович Куприн: Критико – биографический очерк 2434: 2406:

Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin: Critical biographical sketch

2374:(5th ed.). New York: Springer Verlag. p. 304. 883:

in a series of articles, and in May started editing the

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and by September had begun working for local newspapers

1341:"Psyche" (Психея, 1892; translated as "Psyche" in 1929) 343:(now Khmelnitsky), where he spent the next four years. 30:

This article is about the writer. For the painter, see

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At the end of 1918 Kuprin drew up elaborate plans for

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26 August] 1870 – 25 August 1938) was a

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Petersburg, Kuprin (right) with friend, opera singer

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was little more than a passing phase," Luker opines.

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Novelist, short story writer,playwright, journalist

104: 84: 60: 41: 2205:Letter to Ivan Zaikin of spring 1924, III р. 258. 411:, with his sketches, became his favorite author. 2217:Rothstein, E., Mikhaylov, O., Vyacheslavov, P., 2162:Vyacheslavov, P., Rothstein, E., Mikhaylov, O., 2090:The Italics are Mine, Nina Berberova, pp. 48–49. 1259:(Поединок, 1905; translated as The Duel in 1916) 403:unpleasant consequences for him," Luker argues. 1361:(Киевские типы, 1896, a collection of sketches) 510:to work as an estate manager, then went to the 2728:19th-century novelists from the Russian Empire 1094:'s Literaturskiye Mostki (Literary Bridge) in 801:, the autobiographical "Lenochka" (1910), and 773:depths as a diver, and accompanied the airman 2519: 1513:"THE MOSCOW WINDOWS'HOME". Sergei Sossinsky. 985:, where he joined his wife and daughter. Via 969:On 16 October 1919 Gatchina was taken by the 303:In 1880, inspired by Russia's victory in the 8: 1631: 1629: 1627: 855:impressions. In 1911 he moved his family to 592:, exerted strong influence upon his career. 262:(1911) – the latter made into a 1965 movie. 2723:Short story writers from the Russian Empire 2242: 2240: 2238: 2236: 2213: 2211: 2178: 2176: 2174: 2172: 2158: 2156: 2102: 2100: 2098: 2096: 2073: 2071: 2069: 2067: 2053: 2051: 2049: 2025: 2023: 2021: 2019: 2017: 2015: 2013: 1978: 1976: 1943: 1941: 1939: 1876: 1874: 1801: 1799: 1797: 1795: 1793: 1791: 1789: 1787: 1747: 1745: 1743: 1741: 1739: 1725: 1723: 1721: 1697: 1695: 1693: 1691: 1689: 1625: 1623: 1621: 1619: 1617: 1615: 1613: 1611: 1609: 1607: 1583: 1519:(Russia). HISTORY; No. 6. 17 February 1999. 1481: 1479: 1477: 1475: 836:; among those who admired it was the young 630:(who in 1897 had written unflatteringly of 2703:19th-century poets from the Russian Empire 2526: 2512: 2504: 2457:Works by Aleksandr I. Kuprin in eBook form 1581: 1579: 1577: 1575: 1573: 1571: 1569: 1567: 1565: 1563: 1539: 1537: 1495: 1493: 715:1905 Revolution & aftermath: 1905–1913 49: 38: 1367:(Миниатюры, 1897, short story collection) 331:46th Dnieper Infantry Regiment: 1888–1894 2718:Military personnel of the Russian Empire 1828:Nikulin, Lev (1958) "Kuprin and Bunin," 1509: 1507: 668: 1395: 1160:(1908–1981) in the late 1920s became a 2688:Deaths from cancer in the Soviet Union 2285: 2283: 1386:"The Outrage - A True Story" (unknown) 1383:"The River of Life" (Река жизни, 1906) 1176:(Мой отец – Куприн) came out in 1978. 847:Kuprin and his wife during World War I 731:, and even attempted to enlist on the 2475:Works by or about Aleksandr I. Kuprin 1405: 1403: 1401: 1399: 1373:"The Horse Thieves" (Конокрады, 1903) 977:. For a fortnight Kuprin was editing 291:In 1871 his father, aged 37, died of 275: 7: 2733:French emigrants to the Soviet Union 1546:"Alexander Kuprin. Part 3. Timeline" 1454:The Guide to Modern World Literature 891:(Free Russia), contributing also to 2466:Works by Aleksandr Ivanovich Kuprin 1004:colorful account of a bullfight in 178:Maria Karlovna Davydova (1902—1907) 2708:White Russian emigrants to Finland 2698:Male poets from the Russian Empire 1238:, discovered by Soviet astronomer 1020:, the result of Kuprin's visit to 930:publishing company, he criticized 826:In 1908 Kuprin started working on 689:In 1904 Kuprin started working on 274:. and Liubov Alekseyevna Kuprina, 25: 2713:White Russian emigrants to France 2408:]. Художественной литературы. 1767:"Куприн: Возмутитель спокойствия" 1132:(Годы молодости, 1966) came out. 414:In summer 1894 Kuprin arrived in 284:, his mother belonged to a noble 2491: 2446:Aleksandr Kuprin's IMDb.com page 2372:Dictionary of Minor Planet Names 1380:" (Штабс-капитан Рыбников, 1906) 1314:Sulamith: A Romance of Antiquity 256:" (1906), "Emerald" (1907), and 203: 2292:. Biography at history-tema.com 1370:"At the Circus" (В цирке, 1902) 367:of Kuprin's debut short story " 180:Yelizaveta Geinrikh (1907—1938) 2349:Luker, Nicholas J. L. (1982). 2247:Luker, Nicholas J. L. (1978). 2183:Luker, Nicholas J. L. (1978). 2138: 2107:Luker, Nicholas J. L. (1978). 2030:Luker, Nicholas J. L. (1978). 1995: 1948:Luker, Nicholas J. L. (1978). 1906: 1880:Pitlyar, I., Tamarchenko, A., 1806:Luker, Nicholas J. L. (1978). 1765:Миленко, Виктория Дмитриевна. 1702:Luker, Nicholas J. L. (1978). 1658: 1636:Luker, Nicholas J. L. (1978). 1544:Luker, Nicholas J. L. (1978). 1142:, brought up by the family of 1: 2693:Deaths from esophageal cancer 2315:Alexandrova, Tatyana (2008). 1486:The Literature Network-Kuprin 1242:in 1979, is named after him. 1184:According to Nicholas Luker: 1116:Saint Petersburg Conservatory 885:Socialist Revolutionary Party 359:In 1889 Aleksandr Kuprin met 280:Kulunchakova. His father was 2484:Works by Aleksandr I. Kuprin 2441:Nicholas Luker bio of Kuprin 2421:Collected works in 9 volumes 2416:Собрание сочинений в 9 томах 2317:"Alexander Ivanovych Kuprin" 1590:"Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin" 1240:Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh 739:, which Kuprin witnessed in 2490:(public domain audiobooks) 2453:, at The Literature Network 2277:). Buenos Aires. pp. 60–64. 2249:"Alexander Kuprin. Part 11" 2185:"Alexander Kuprin. Part 10" 562:Saint Petersburg: 1901–1904 506:In 1897 Kuprin traveled to 491:. In 1905 Kuprin described 2749: 2370:Schmadel, Lutz D. (2003). 2109:"Alexander Kuprin. Part 9" 2032:"Alexander Kuprin. Part 8" 1950:"Alexander Kuprin. Part 7" 1808:"Alexander Kuprin. Part 6" 1704:"Alexander Kuprin. Part 5" 1638:"Alexander Kuprin. Part 4" 1329:Short stories and sketches 1324:(Гранатовый браслет, 1911) 1036:Return to Russia and death 557:. Photo by K. Bulla (1911) 518:, where he helped to grow 426:(Life and Art), and later 228:best known for his novels 214:Aleksandr Ivanovich Kuprin 29: 27:Russian author (1870–1938) 2398:Afanasiev, V. N. (1960). 2218: 2163: 2078: 2058: 1983: 1881: 1752: 1730: 1671: 1421:Great Soviet Encyclopedia 1410:Куприн Александр Иванович 1338:" (Последний дебют, 1889) 1193:Made famous by his novel 859:, near Saint Petersburg. 769:, then ventured into the 375:'s tale "Clara Milich". 365:Russian Satirical Leaflet 355:Kuprin in the early 1890s 319:'s "Les Hirondelles" and 218:Александр Иванович Куприн 217: 202: 188:Lidia Kuprina (1903–1924) 48: 2678:People from Penza Oblast 2303:M.K. Kuprina-Iordanskaya 1921:Творчество А. И. Куприна 1771:biography.wikireading.ru 1415:10 February 2022 at the 1224:styled him "the Russian 1044:Alexander Kuprin's grave 792:(cartoon from the 1910s) 220:; 7 September [ 68:26 August] 1870 2251:. Boston, G K Hall, USA 2187:. Boston, G K Hall, USA 2111:. Boston, G K Hall, USA 2034:. Boston, G K Hall, USA 1952:. Boston, G K Hall, USA 1810:. Boston, G K Hall, USA 1706:. Boston, G K Hall, USA 1640:. Boston, G K Hall, USA 1548:. Boston, USA: G K Hall 1137:Hungarian revolutionary 1059:Soviet Union of Writers 756:Junior Captain Rybnikov 2413:Kuprin, A. I. (1964). 2271:The Engineers of Souls 1588:Katayev, V.B. (1990). 1348:" (Лунной ночью, 1893) 1273:(Колесо времени, 1929) 1211:, Nobel Prize-winning 1191: 1140:Morits Rotoni-Geinrich 1111: 1045: 966: 848: 793: 678: 673:Aleksandr I. Kuprin's 666: 661:Aleksander I. Kuprin, 558: 356: 299:Cadet Corps: 1883–1887 64:7 September [ 2683:Pushkin Prize winners 2221:, Vol. 8, pp. 426–438 2166:, Vol. 7, pp. 392–417 2150:Kuleshov, pp. 482–84. 2081:, Vol. 6, pp. 450–469 2061:, Vol. 5, pp. 401–418 1986:, Vol. 4, pp. 478–495 1884:, Vol. 3, pp. 369–399 1755:, Vol. 9, pp. 349–381 1733:, Vol. 2, pp. 479–494 1674:, Vol. 1, pp. 485–501 1186: 1144:Dmitry Mamin-Sibiryak 1110:Liza Geinrikh in 1909 1109: 1043: 964: 846: 787: 672: 660: 552: 354: 1918:Volkov, A.A. (1981) 1832:, No. 7, pp. 204–218 1531:at kuprin.velchel.ru 1529:A.I. Kuprin's family 1451:"his finest novel" ( 1445:Martin Seymour-Smith 914:(Evening Word), and 897:Petrogradskii Listok 733:battleship Potyomkin 240:(1915), as well as 2601:The Garnet Bracelet 2437:, dedicated website 2319:. Vinograd magazine 1467:The Garnet Bracelet 1435:, in his biography 1321:The Garnet Bracelet 989:the family reached 965:Kuprin in the 1910s 957:Years in emigration 873:February Revolution 804:The Garnet Bracelet 259:The Garnet Bracelet 150:The Garnet Bracelet 32:Alexander V. Kuprin 2627:On a Moonlit Night 2057:Koretskaya, I.V., 1982:Koretskaya, I.V., 1897:, No. 4, pp. 7–11. 1355:" (Дознание, 1894) 1346:On a Moonlit Night 1152:Siege of Leningrad 1112: 1046: 967: 934:and the policy of 910:(Petrograd Echo), 908:Petrogradskoe Ekho 904:October Revolution 889:Svobodnaia Rossiya 865:Russo-Japanese War 849: 794: 679: 667: 609:Zhurnal Dlya Vsekh 588:, who, as well as 559: 543:Zhurnal Dlya Vsekh 458:Russkoye Bogatstvo 380:On a Moonlit Night 357: 2650: 2649: 2470:Project Gutenberg 2230:Kuleshov, p. 503. 2129:Kuleshov, p. 478. 1271:The Wheel of Time 1166:Le Diable au cœur 1026:The Wheel of Time 973:, led by General 799:The Song of Songs 624:Angel Bogdanovich 586:Viktor Mirolyubov 576:Fyodor Batyushkov 538:Viktor Mirolyubov 514:area in Southern 424:Zhizn i Iskusstvo 305:Russo-Turkish War 272:Penza Governorate 211: 210: 121:Literary movement 75:Penza Governorate 16:(Redirected from 2740: 2663:Aleksandr Kuprin 2641:Captain Ribnikov 2535:Aleksandr Kuprin 2528: 2521: 2514: 2505: 2495: 2494: 2479:Internet Archive 2424: 2409: 2386: 2385: 2367: 2361: 2347: 2341: 2335: 2329: 2328: 2326: 2324: 2312: 2306: 2299: 2293: 2287: 2278: 2267: 2261: 2260: 2258: 2256: 2244: 2231: 2228: 2222: 2215: 2206: 2203: 2197: 2196: 2194: 2192: 2180: 2167: 2160: 2151: 2148: 2142: 2136: 2130: 2127: 2121: 2120: 2118: 2116: 2104: 2091: 2088: 2082: 2075: 2062: 2055: 2044: 2043: 2041: 2039: 2027: 2008: 2005: 1999: 1993: 1987: 1980: 1971: 1968: 1962: 1961: 1959: 1957: 1945: 1934: 1933:Kuleshov, p. 207 1931: 1925: 1916: 1910: 1904: 1898: 1891: 1885: 1878: 1869: 1866: 1860: 1857: 1851: 1848: 1842: 1839: 1833: 1826: 1820: 1819: 1817: 1815: 1803: 1782: 1781: 1779: 1777: 1762: 1756: 1749: 1734: 1727: 1716: 1715: 1713: 1711: 1699: 1684: 1681: 1675: 1668: 1662: 1656: 1650: 1649: 1647: 1645: 1633: 1602: 1601: 1599: 1597: 1585: 1558: 1557: 1555: 1553: 1541: 1532: 1526: 1520: 1511: 1502: 1497: 1488: 1483: 1470: 1464: 1458: 1437:Alexander Kuprin 1429: 1423: 1407: 1378:Captain Ribnikov 1316:(Суламифь, 1908) 1294:(Впотьмах, 1893) 1267:(Яма, 1909–1915) 1222:Vladimir Nabokov 1174:My Father Kuprin 1170:Marcel L'Herbier 1098:two days later. 1092:Volkovo Cemetery 975:Nikolai Yudenich 928:World Literature 912:Vecherneye Slovo 875:found Kuprin in 745:Grigory Chukhnin 675:In Honour's Name 597:Nikolay Teleshov 555:Fyodor Chaliapin 540:, the editor of 279: 254:Captain Ribnikov 219: 207: 91: 53: 43:Aleksandr Kuprin 39: 21: 18:Alexander Kuprin 2748: 2747: 2743: 2742: 2741: 2739: 2738: 2737: 2653: 2652: 2651: 2646: 2607: 2564: 2537: 2532: 2499:Grave of Kuprin 2492: 2461:Standard Ebooks 2431: 2412: 2397: 2394: 2389: 2382: 2369: 2368: 2364: 2348: 2344: 2336: 2332: 2322: 2320: 2314: 2313: 2309: 2300: 2296: 2288: 2281: 2268: 2264: 2254: 2252: 2246: 2245: 2234: 2229: 2225: 2219:Collected works 2216: 2209: 2204: 2200: 2190: 2188: 2182: 2181: 2170: 2164:Collected works 2161: 2154: 2149: 2145: 2137: 2133: 2128: 2124: 2114: 2112: 2106: 2105: 2094: 2089: 2085: 2079:Collected works 2077:Rothstein, E., 2076: 2065: 2059:Collected works 2056: 2047: 2037: 2035: 2029: 2028: 2011: 2006: 2002: 1994: 1990: 1984:Collected works 1981: 1974: 1969: 1965: 1955: 1953: 1947: 1946: 1937: 1932: 1928: 1917: 1913: 1905: 1901: 1892: 1888: 1882:Collected works 1879: 1872: 1867: 1863: 1858: 1854: 1849: 1845: 1840: 1836: 1827: 1823: 1813: 1811: 1805: 1804: 1785: 1775: 1773: 1764: 1763: 1759: 1753:Collected works 1751:Rothstein, E., 1750: 1737: 1731:Collected works 1728: 1719: 1709: 1707: 1701: 1700: 1687: 1682: 1678: 1672:Collected works 1669: 1665: 1657: 1653: 1643: 1641: 1635: 1634: 1605: 1595: 1593: 1587: 1586: 1561: 1551: 1549: 1543: 1542: 1535: 1527: 1523: 1512: 1505: 1498: 1491: 1484: 1473: 1465: 1461: 1431:Kuprin scholar 1430: 1426: 1417:Wayback Machine 1408: 1397: 1393: 1331: 1286: 1253: 1248: 1209:Leonid Andreyev 1182: 1104: 1057:, owned by the 1038: 1014:Hautes-Pyrénées 959: 824: 767:Sergey Utochkin 725:Black Sea Fleet 721:1905 Revolution 717: 687: 601:Leonid Andreyev 564: 349: 347:Literary career 333: 301: 268: 189: 179: 154: 147: 140: 93: 89: 69: 56: 55:Kuprin in 1910s 44: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 2746: 2744: 2736: 2735: 2730: 2725: 2720: 2715: 2710: 2705: 2700: 2695: 2690: 2685: 2680: 2675: 2670: 2665: 2655: 2654: 2648: 2647: 2645: 2644: 2637: 2630: 2623: 2620:The Last Debut 2615: 2613: 2609: 2608: 2606: 2605: 2597: 2589: 2581: 2572: 2570: 2566: 2565: 2563: 2562: 2554: 2545: 2543: 2539: 2538: 2533: 2531: 2530: 2523: 2516: 2508: 2502: 2501: 2496: 2481: 2472: 2463: 2454: 2448: 2443: 2438: 2430: 2429:External links 2427: 2426: 2425: 2423:]. Pravda. 2410: 2393: 2390: 2388: 2387: 2380: 2362: 2342: 2338:Ksenia Kuprina 2330: 2307: 2294: 2279: 2262: 2232: 2223: 2207: 2198: 2168: 2152: 2143: 2131: 2122: 2092: 2083: 2063: 2045: 2009: 2000: 1988: 1972: 1963: 1935: 1926: 1911: 1899: 1886: 1870: 1861: 1852: 1843: 1834: 1821: 1783: 1757: 1735: 1717: 1685: 1676: 1663: 1651: 1603: 1559: 1533: 1521: 1503: 1489: 1471: 1459: 1433:Nicholas Luker 1424: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1388: 1387: 1384: 1381: 1374: 1371: 1368: 1362: 1359:The Kiev Types 1356: 1349: 1342: 1339: 1336:The Last Debut 1330: 1327: 1326: 1325: 1317: 1311: 1303: 1295: 1285: 1282: 1281: 1280: 1274: 1268: 1260: 1252: 1249: 1247: 1246:Selected works 1244: 1181: 1178: 1158:Ksenia Kuprina 1130:Years of Youth 1103: 1100: 1037: 1034: 979:Prinevsky Krai 958: 955: 932:prodrazverstka 895:(Freedom) and 838:Nina Berberova 823: 817: 809:The Lestrigons 779:Ksenia Kuprina 716: 713: 686: 680: 563: 560: 420:Kyivskoe Slovo 369:The Last Debut 348: 345: 332: 329: 300: 297: 267: 264: 226:Russian writer 209: 208: 200: 199: 195: 194: 191:Ksenia Kuprina 186: 182: 181: 176: 172: 171: 166: 165:Notable awards 162: 161: 132: 128: 127: 122: 118: 117: 114: 110: 109: 106: 102: 101: 92:(aged 67) 88:25 August 1938 86: 82: 81: 79:Russian Empire 62: 58: 57: 54: 46: 45: 42: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2745: 2734: 2731: 2729: 2726: 2724: 2721: 2719: 2716: 2714: 2711: 2709: 2706: 2704: 2701: 2699: 2696: 2694: 2691: 2689: 2686: 2684: 2681: 2679: 2676: 2674: 2671: 2669: 2666: 2664: 2661: 2660: 2658: 2642: 2638: 2635: 2631: 2628: 2624: 2621: 2617: 2616: 2614: 2612:Short stories 2610: 2603: 2602: 2598: 2595: 2594: 2590: 2587: 2586: 2582: 2579: 2578: 2574: 2573: 2571: 2567: 2560: 2559: 2555: 2552: 2551: 2547: 2546: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2529: 2524: 2522: 2517: 2515: 2510: 2509: 2506: 2500: 2497: 2489: 2485: 2482: 2480: 2476: 2473: 2471: 2467: 2464: 2462: 2458: 2455: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2444: 2442: 2439: 2436: 2433: 2432: 2428: 2422: 2418: 2417: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2402: 2396: 2395: 2392:Cited sources 2391: 2383: 2381:3-540-00238-3 2377: 2373: 2366: 2363: 2360: 2359:0-88233-421-2 2356: 2352: 2346: 2343: 2339: 2334: 2331: 2318: 2311: 2308: 2304: 2298: 2295: 2291: 2286: 2284: 2280: 2276: 2272: 2266: 2263: 2250: 2243: 2241: 2239: 2237: 2233: 2227: 2224: 2220: 2214: 2212: 2208: 2202: 2199: 2186: 2179: 2177: 2175: 2173: 2169: 2165: 2159: 2157: 2153: 2147: 2144: 2140: 2135: 2132: 2126: 2123: 2110: 2103: 2101: 2099: 2097: 2093: 2087: 2084: 2080: 2074: 2072: 2070: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2054: 2052: 2050: 2046: 2033: 2026: 2024: 2022: 2020: 2018: 2016: 2014: 2010: 2004: 2001: 1997: 1992: 1989: 1985: 1979: 1977: 1973: 1967: 1964: 1951: 1944: 1942: 1940: 1936: 1930: 1927: 1923: 1922: 1915: 1912: 1908: 1903: 1900: 1896: 1890: 1887: 1883: 1877: 1875: 1871: 1865: 1862: 1856: 1853: 1847: 1844: 1838: 1835: 1831: 1825: 1822: 1809: 1802: 1800: 1798: 1796: 1794: 1792: 1790: 1788: 1784: 1772: 1768: 1761: 1758: 1754: 1748: 1746: 1744: 1742: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1729:Pitlyar, I., 1726: 1724: 1722: 1718: 1705: 1698: 1696: 1694: 1692: 1690: 1686: 1680: 1677: 1673: 1670:Pitlyar, I., 1667: 1664: 1660: 1655: 1652: 1639: 1632: 1630: 1628: 1626: 1624: 1622: 1620: 1618: 1616: 1614: 1612: 1610: 1608: 1604: 1591: 1584: 1582: 1580: 1578: 1576: 1574: 1572: 1570: 1568: 1566: 1564: 1560: 1547: 1540: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1525: 1522: 1518: 1517: 1510: 1508: 1504: 1501: 1500:Book Rags.com 1496: 1494: 1490: 1487: 1482: 1480: 1478: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1463: 1460: 1456: 1455: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1428: 1425: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1411: 1406: 1404: 1402: 1400: 1396: 1390: 1385: 1382: 1379: 1375: 1372: 1369: 1366: 1363: 1360: 1357: 1354: 1350: 1347: 1343: 1340: 1337: 1333: 1332: 1328: 1323: 1322: 1318: 1315: 1312: 1310:(Олеся, 1898) 1309: 1308: 1304: 1302:(Молох, 1896) 1301: 1300: 1296: 1293: 1292: 1288: 1287: 1283: 1278: 1275: 1272: 1269: 1266: 1265: 1261: 1258: 1255: 1254: 1250: 1245: 1243: 1241: 1237: 1234: 1229: 1227: 1223: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1201:Anton Chekhov 1198: 1197: 1190: 1185: 1179: 1177: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1153: 1149: 1146:, her sister 1145: 1141: 1138: 1133: 1131: 1125: 1123: 1122: 1117: 1108: 1101: 1099: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1084: 1082: 1077: 1076: 1070: 1066: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1042: 1035: 1033: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1007: 1001: 999: 994: 992: 988: 984: 980: 976: 972: 963: 956: 954: 952: 948: 943: 941: 937: 936:War Communism 933: 929: 925: 921: 917: 913: 909: 905: 900: 898: 894: 890: 887:'s newspaper 886: 882: 878: 874: 869: 866: 860: 858: 853: 845: 841: 839: 835: 831: 830: 821: 818: 816: 814: 813:Pushkin Prize 810: 806: 805: 800: 791: 786: 782: 780: 776: 772: 768: 764: 759: 757: 752: 750: 746: 742: 738: 734: 730: 726: 722: 714: 712: 710: 705: 700: 696: 694: 693: 684: 681: 676: 671: 664: 659: 655: 652: 646: 644: 639: 637: 636:joie de vivre 633: 629: 625: 621: 617: 612: 610: 606: 602: 598: 593: 591: 587: 583: 582: 577: 573: 569: 568:Anton Chekhov 561: 556: 551: 547: 545: 544: 539: 535: 531: 527: 526: 521: 517: 513: 509: 504: 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