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to shallower waters at night. It is most commonly found 200–400 m (660–1,310 ft) deep in waters around 24 °C (75 °F) in temperature, however depth range varies by region. In the eastern
Atlantic its depth range is 350–600 m (1,150–1,970 ft), while in the western Atlantic
580:
habitat where they will live as adults. After 4 years, they reach sexual maturity, at which point they will be about 30 cm (12 in) in size, with females being slightly larger on average than males. Individuals grow slowly, as is common among members of
Berycidae. Although their maximum age
567:
in size, identifiable by pigment near the brain. Flexion, when the larva bends upwards prior to development of the caudal fin, occurs at 3.7–6.0 mm (0.15–0.24 in) SL. Fin rays and scales are fully formed by 15 mm (0.59 in) SL. They are distinguished by elongated pelvic rays and
358:
is deeply forked. Its bright red color is a common adaptation to deepwater surroundings, where red is filtered out of the light spectrum. Although the most common size is 35.0 cm (13.8 in), it can reach lengths of up to 100.0 cm (39.4 in)
558:
Spawning occurs in the summer months, June through
September, though males can reproduce year-round. Alfonsinos are batch spawners, that is they release eggs multiple times over an extended spawning season rather in a short period. Eggs and larvae are
645:(IUCN) because its extensive distribution protects it from danger of extinction and in parts of its range it is not a targeted species. It could also be threatened by habitat loss due to deep-water trawling causing damage to deep-sea corals.
447:
its depth range is 100–972 m (328–3,189 ft), common depth range 400–600 m (1,300–2,000 ft). Its depth range is largest in the Indo-Pacific, where it is found as deep as 1,000 m (3,300 ft) in the waters off of
274:, it is remarkably long-lived, with individuals reaching ages of up to 69 years, and possibly longer. It can reach sizes of up to 1 m (3.3 ft) in length and 2.5 kg (5.5 lb) in weight and is targeted by
621:
of fisheries targeting the splendid alfonsino, though capture data likely does not distinguish between the two. This has led to concerns that stocks may be more depleted than previously thought. Of all
637:
Despite being widespread throughout its range, the alfonsino is an uncommon fish in many areas, likely due to exploitation by commercial fisheries and depletion due to bycatch. It is listed as
555:, with the last being the most abundant prey in its diet. In this it is quite dissimilar from the splendid alfonsino, which appears to have a slower digestion and wider dietary breadth.
434:
With an extensive depth range 110–1,000 m (360–3,280 ft) below the surface, the alfonsino occurs in localized aggregations over deep-sea coral habitats on the
278:. Its low reproductive rate and the time it takes for juveniles to mature make it vulnerable to expanding deep-sea fisheries, but it is listed as Least Concern by the
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642:
279:
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is unknown, individuals have been caught at 69 years old. Their actual maximum age is unknown, however, with estimates ranging as high as 85 years.
1203:
727:
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601:, including seamount fisheries, that employ deep-water trawling and longline fishing methods to catch them. It is of import to fisheries in
350:. The rest of its body is silvery-pink, and the breast is yellow-white in color. Fins and the inside of the mouth are bright red. The
363:. The maximum published weight for an alfonsino is 2.5 kg (5.5 lb). Juveniles have heavy head spines, while adults do not.
857:
830:
563:, staying near the ocean's surface. Eggs hatch after around 27 hours and larvae are initially 1.5–3.0 mm (0.059–0.118 in)
792:
1317:
817:
431:. It is likely more common in the western Pacific than records indicate due to lack of fishing in its depth range in the region.
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303:
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of the alfonsino was authored in 1829 by
Georges Cuvier in the third volume of his 22-volume ichthyology collection,
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819:
The Living Marine
Resources of the Western Central Pacific: Volume 4: Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae)
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572:, though they are very similar to the larvae of the splendid alfonsino. Juveniles live deeper, but are still
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name for a fish, but which species it was originally used for remains unknown. It is possible that
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ocean waters nearly worldwide, though it is uncommon. It is typically associated with deep-sea
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995:(Cuvier, 1829) from the Azores, Madeira and Canary Islands, based on historical data"
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54:
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Iwamoto, T.; Russell, B.; Polanco
Fernandez, A.; McEachran, J.D.; Moore, J. (2015).
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Mundy, Bruce C. (1990). "Development of Larvae and
Juveniles of the Alfonsins,
825:. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. p. 2221.
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The alfonsino has large eyes and a deep, compressed body, 1.9–2.5 times its
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species, the splendid alfonsino is the most commonly caught, but
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in the western
Atlantic, and Japan, La Reunion Island, and the
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in the eastern
Atlantic. In the Indo-Pacific it is found from
523:, but the alfonsino's biology is very similar to that of its
314:
by ichthyologist G. E. Maul in 1990. The etymology of its
989:
Krug, Helena; Dalila
Carvalho; Jose A. Gonzalez (2011).
597:
Alfonsinos are economically important fish, targeted by
354:
is distinctly larger than in many fish species and its
543:
into shallower waters. Their primary food sources are
258:
and search for prey along the ocean floor, primarily
1059:
568:anterior dorsal spines as well as pigment near the
816:Carpenter, Kent E.; Volkier H. Niem, eds. (1999).
935:(3). Amsterdam: Elsevier Science B.V.: 363–374.
888:"Age, growth, and spawning season of red bream (
852:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 805.
702:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T198578A21910085.en
511:Alfonsinos hunt for prey along the ocean floor.
643:International Union for Conservation of Nature
423:. It has also been reported off the coasts of
342:at the greatest depth. It is a rose red color
280:International Union for Conservation of Nature
576:for a few months, eventually moving to their
8:
886:Friess, Claudia; George R. Sedberry (2011).
634:catches off the southeastern United States.
617:in the Indo-Pacific. It is also captured as
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783:
781:
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777:
775:
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609:in the eastern Atlantic, the southeastern
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29:
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318:is unclear, but it likely comes from the
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871:
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728:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
654:
442:. By day it stays in deeper water and
892:) off the southeastern United States"
330:, or did not describe a fish at all.
250:, and schools are known to form over
7:
1271:476195de-1ab9-430c-b4c5-5bfe6292d250
746:
744:
371:The alfonsino is found worldwide in
1346:IUCN Red List least concern species
922:(Berycidae) off the Canary Islands"
688:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
519:is the far more studied species of
391:. It is found from as far north as
282:(IUCN) due to its extensive range.
846:Davidson, Alan; Tom Jaine (2006).
751:Gomon, Martin F.; Dianne J. Bray.
326:originally described a species of
14:
991:"Age and growth of the alfonsino
912:Dürr, J.; J. A. González (2002).
1032:
1018:
73:
304:Histoire Naturelle des Poissons
531:and aggregate over deep-ocean
1:
949:10.1016/s0165-7836(01)00269-7
294:1880 drawing of the alfonsino
1366:Taxa named by Georges Cuvier
970:(Berycidae, Beryciformes)".
849:The Oxford companion to food
403:in the western Atlantic and
270:. Like other members of its
1387:
972:Bulletin of Marine Science
535:, typically near deep-sea
175:
168:
70:Scientific classification
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
1002:Life and Marine Sciences
791:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
367:Distribution and habitat
805:. January 2017 version.
306:, who gave it the name
1361:Fish described in 1829
695:: e.T198578A21910085.
594:
512:
300:scientific description
295:
286:Taxonomy and phylogeny
592:
510:
383:range extending from
293:
238:. It can be found in
204:), also known as the
1029:at Wikimedia Commons
753:"Beryx decadactylus"
724:"Beryx decadactylus"
630:makes up 95% of all
599:commercial fisheries
308:Beryx dodecadactylus
276:commercial fisheries
161:B. decadactylus
941:2002FishR..54..363D
914:"Feeding habits of
757:Fishes of Australia
593:Alfonsinos for sale
503:Biology and ecology
444:vertically migrates
40:Conservation status
1118:Beryx_decadactylus
1105:Beryx_decadactylus
1091:Beryx decadactylus
1061:Beryx decadactylus
1040:Beryx decadactylus
1026:Beryx decadactylus
993:Beryx decadactylus
929:Fisheries Research
920:Beryx decadactylus
890:Beryx decadactylus
795:Beryx decadactylus
681:Beryx decadactylus
595:
541:migrate vertically
517:splendid alfonsino
513:
296:
202:Beryx decadactylus
179:Beryx decadactylus
1356:Cosmopolitan fish
1333:
1332:
1305:Open Tree of Life
1053:Taxon identifiers
1023:Media related to
585:Human interaction
539:. At night, they
527:. Alfonsinos are
461:La Reunion Island
440:continental slope
436:continental shelf
310:. It was renamed
194:
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1037:Data related to
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968:B. Decadactylus
964:Beryx splendens
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379:waters, with a
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340:standard length
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312:B. decadactylus
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16:Species of fish
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1043:at Wikispecies
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170:Binomial name
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1004:(28): 25–31.
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760:. Retrieved
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731:. Retrieved
718:
706:. Retrieved
692:
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627:
623:
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557:
551:, and small
520:
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433:
409:South Africa
405:South Africa
370:
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316:generic name
311:
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236:Beryciformes
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127:Beryciformes
18:
1230:NatureServe
1178:iNaturalist
1085:Wikispecies
708:20 November
570:gas bladder
549:cephalopods
545:crustaceans
453:New Zealand
421:New Zealand
381:latitudinal
373:subtropical
346:and orange
334:Description
268:crustaceans
264:cephalopods
244:subtropical
1340:Categories
762:28 January
733:24 January
649:References
607:Mauritania
561:epipelagic
489:New Guinea
477:Seychelles
469:Madagascar
356:caudal fin
328:parrotfish
298:The first
24:Alfonsino
533:seamounts
465:Mauritius
449:Australia
425:Argentina
417:Australia
399:south to
393:Greenland
377:temperate
348:ventrally
252:seamounts
240:temperate
218:imperador
214:red bream
198:alfonsino
187:G. Cuvier
155:Species:
137:Berycidae
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
1235:2.105310
1196:11165066
1152:FishBase
1070:Wikidata
802:FishBase
578:demersal
525:congener
411:east to
352:anal fin
344:dorsally
256:demersal
206:alfonsin
133:Family:
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
1310:1068314
1170:2356613
1076:Q182807
937:Bibcode
641:by the
619:bycatch
574:pelagic
473:Comoros
397:Iceland
231:of the
226:berycid
222:species
220:, is a
189:, 1829)
143:Genus:
123:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
1323:126394
1297:126394
1284:185748
1268:NZOR:
1261:107241
1222:198578
1209:166155
1183:215166
856:
829:
537:corals
497:Hawaii
495:, and
491:, the
429:Hawaii
419:, and
401:Brazil
272:family
266:, and
248:corals
1351:Beryx
1318:WoRMS
1191:IRMNG
1131:30337
998:(PDF)
925:(pdf)
895:(PDF)
823:(PDF)
632:Beryx
624:Beryx
603:Spain
521:Beryx
485:Japan
481:Korea
413:Japan
324:Beryx
320:Greek
233:order
216:, or
148:Beryx
1292:OBIS
1256:NCBI
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