916:
325:
2070:
2094:
668:
apes when injured were taken to the RN hospital and received the same treatment as would an enlisted service man. He knew them all by the names he himself had given them. They were all named after
Governors, brigadiers and high-ranking officers. When Holmes retired he was replaced by Asquez and then Zammut, both of whom followed the same procedure Holmes had kept in terms of discipline caring for them.
271:. His father had been previously married and fathered five children from that relationship. Following the death of his wife, he married Mercedes who was later to be Alfred's mother. Alfred was to be the only child out of that relationship as his mother died when he was just three years old. His father later remarried one final time, fathering a further five children, giving Alfred a total of ten half
2106:
51:
2082:
365:. Holmes took over responsibility for the macaques from Gunner William Portlock, becoming the first Gibraltarian with this charge. During his service, Sgt. Holmes fed, nursed, and guarded the monkeys, generally working to maintain their well-being. He knew all of the macaques by the names he himself had given them. They were mostly named after
667:
An army sergeant was responsible for their welfare. The sergeant, a local man by the name of Holmes, had a great love for the apes and a similar affection seemed reciprocated. He would personally feed them in the morning which, at the same time, gave him the opportunity to inspect for injuries. The
369:, brigadiers and high-ranking officers as well as his children. Sgt. Holmes could communicate with the animals by means of eye signals and barely perceptible head movements which he would use to stop them from taking food offered to them by tourists. He would even take young
592:
I would like to extend many thanks to
Sergeant Alfred Holmes of the Gibraltar Regiment, Officer-in-Charge of monkeys, for tutoring me in the way of life of the monkeys and for generally assisting me with them. His extensive knowledge and comprehension of them was
494:
This chapter is dedicated to the late Sgt Alfred Holmes, in memory of his more than 38 years' tireless caring for the
Gibraltar macaques. Without his attention to individual monkeys between 1954 and 1992 our record of a 250-year tradition would have been much
1290:
1363:
1026:
839:
1368:
2152:
1544:
1109:
1944:
1004:
826:
515:
2137:
737:
1236:
1796:
1599:
537:
For 25 years, Sgt. Alfred Holmes fed, nursed and guarded the famous
Barbary apes that scramble among the upper crevices of the Rock of Gibraltar.
2022:
1998:
1341:
1356:
1351:
957:
646:
776:
564:
Today Sgt. Alfred Holmes, a second generation
Gibraltarian, is responsible for protecting the Rock's most important tourist attraction...
1993:
1973:
1821:
1727:
1334:
854:
849:
844:
1917:
1826:
1512:
1137:
1031:
2110:
2003:
1831:
1699:
1207:
1202:
979:
487:
1961:
1881:
1803:
952:
473:
2132:
1978:
1927:
1579:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
342:
In the 1950s, Holmes enlisted in the
Gibraltar Regiment where he later ascended to the rank of sergeant. He was appointed as a
297:
1956:
1816:
1561:
1534:
901:
730:
378:
1934:
1922:
997:
859:
816:
337:
248:
1939:
1841:
1694:
1650:
1469:
1285:
1231:
992:
128:
2008:
1886:
1539:
1496:
1252:
780:
436:
in
Gibraltar. His body now rests in a family grave together with his father, grandfather and various half siblings at
1589:
305:
2045:
1811:
1791:
1655:
1549:
1459:
987:
796:
479:
354:
329:
549:
2035:
1874:
1709:
1403:
1197:
1099:
1021:
771:
723:
626:
Burton & Sawchuk, Frances D & Lawrence A (September 1974). "Demography of Macaca sylvanus of
Gibraltar".
1968:
1476:
1418:
1393:
1388:
1224:
1117:
1064:
821:
791:
343:
240:
236:
201:
17:
1677:
1152:
433:
109:
1660:
1127:
1739:
1689:
1645:
1571:
1554:
1413:
1297:
1219:
929:
525:
1951:
1864:
1761:
1722:
1594:
1481:
1380:
1272:
1257:
1179:
628:
449:
366:
324:
2086:
1079:
293:
408:, with his knowledge being sought by various scientific studies on the monkeys from around the globe.
2147:
2142:
1640:
1622:
1529:
1486:
1441:
1329:
1084:
947:
801:
760:
437:
224:
211:
121:
40:
1684:
1734:
1584:
1518:
1122:
1089:
1009:
786:
607:
289:
229:
2093:
2074:
1902:
1869:
1848:
1836:
1672:
1398:
1280:
1262:
654:
680:
MacRoberts, M. H.; MacRoberts, B. R. (1966). "The annual reproductive cycle of the barbary ape (
580:
2040:
1781:
1776:
1074:
969:
871:
867:
811:
701:
483:
429:
421:
56:
581:"The Integration of Biology and Behavior in the Socialization of Macaca sylvana of Gibraltar"
2098:
2030:
1786:
1744:
1214:
1132:
1069:
1054:
877:
693:
394:
16:
This article is about the
Gibraltarian soldier. For the English composer and violinist, see
1464:
405:
282:
1667:
1147:
1142:
831:
279:
2126:
1717:
1408:
1094:
962:
885:
806:
358:
251:, for over 38 years. He described the macaques as "Gibraltar's greatest treasure".
173:
1346:
1059:
389:. For his work with the macaques, he was best known locally by the nickname of "
1524:
143:
130:
915:
746:
697:
417:
374:
361:, which appointed a non-commissioned officer from the Gibraltar Regiment as
301:
260:
93:
60:
50:
705:
893:
520:
232:
191:
29:
1749:
386:
382:
272:
425:
370:
404:
Sgt. Holmes' time in the job made him an authority on this group of
308:, where she resided at the time. They went on to have two children,
715:
432:. The cancer eventually resulted in his death on 1 January 1994 at
323:
1620:
1439:
1177:
927:
758:
719:
1504:
605:
La Fay, Howard (July 1966). "Gibraltar—Rock of
Contention".
377:
at home. He would also take sick or injured monkeys to the
516:"Treasured Barbary apes live pampered lives on Gibraltar"
259:
Holmes was a second generation Gibraltarian, born in
1027:
Ornithological & Natural History Society (GONHS)
2021:
1910:
1901:
1857:
1769:
1760:
1708:
1633:
1570:
1495:
1452:
1379:
1271:
1245:
1190:
1108:
1047:
1040:
978:
940:
207:
197:
187:
179:
167:
159:
116:
99:
80:
68:
27:
1369:European Union (Referendum) Act 2016 (Gibraltar)
554:. Automobile Club of Southern California. 1985
472:Fa, John E; Donald G, Lindburg (30 May 1996).
731:
8:
1907:
1766:
1630:
1617:
1449:
1436:
1187:
1174:
1044:
937:
924:
755:
738:
724:
716:
475:Evolution and ecology of macaque societies
49:
24:
1237:Political development in modern Gibraltar
686:American Journal of Physical Anthropology
228:(1 February 1931 – 1 January 1994) was a
574:
572:
332:, looking down on the city of Gibraltar.
461:
247:who held this position, caring for the
2153:Recipients of the British Empire Medal
509:
507:
505:
503:
467:
465:
641:
639:
7:
2081:
647:"The Apes: Our New Symbols of Shame"
2105:
381:where they would receive the exact
1513:Gibraltar Broadcasting Corporation
14:
2138:Royal Gibraltar Regiment soldiers
1832:Cathedral of St. Mary the Crowned
1700:Scouting and Guiding in Gibraltar
328:Sgt. Alfred Holmes alongside two
2104:
2092:
2080:
2069:
2068:
958:Azores–Gibraltar Transform Fault
914:
514:Shepherd, Leslie (1 June 1988).
653:. 3 August 2007. Archived from
416:In the early 1990s, Holmes was
357:were the responsibility of the
1281:Black Swan Project controversy
1:
1797:Cathedral of the Holy Trinity
817:Thirteenth Siege of Gibraltar
363:Officer-in-Charge of the Apes
348:Officer-in-Charge of the Apes
338:Barbary macaques in Gibraltar
245:Officer-in-Charge of the Apes
55:Alfred Holmes on duty at the
1842:Shrine of Our Lady of Europe
1651:Bayside Comprehensive School
373:monkeys to his wife to help
243:). He was a well remembered
1600:Vehicle registration plates
1540:Royal Gibraltar Post Office
2169:
1545:postage stamps and history
590:. New York: Random House.
579:Burton, Frances D (1972).
480:Cambridge University Press
434:Old St. Bernard's Hospital
355:Gibraltar Barbary macaques
335:
330:Gibraltar Barbary macaques
249:Gibraltar Barbary macaques
110:Old St. Bernard's Hospital
15:
2064:
1989:
1875:Ibrahim-al-Ibrahim Mosque
1629:
1616:
1448:
1435:
1404:Napier of Magdala Battery
1186:
1173:
936:
923:
912:
772:Neanderthals in Gibraltar
767:
754:
304:on the other side of the
298:La LĂnea de la ConcepciĂłn
163:Gibraltar, United Kingdom
48:
1419:Royal Gibraltar Regiment
1394:Gibraltar Defence Police
1389:British Forces Gibraltar
792:First Siege of Gibraltar
344:non-commissioned officer
263:to Gibraltarian parents
241:Royal Gibraltar Regiment
18:Alfred Holmes (composer)
1661:University of Gibraltar
1347:Sovereignty referendums
1005:Reptiles and amphibians
698:10.1002/ajpa.1330250309
286:Leonor Corbacho Velasco
265:Arthur Frederick Holmes
2133:Gibraltarian Anglicans
1590:Gibraltar–Spain border
1414:Royal Gibraltar Police
1153:St. Bernard's Hospital
1138:King George V Hospital
827:George Augustus Eliott
526:Sumter, South Carolina
398:
353:From 1913 to 1991 the
333:
306:Gibraltar–Spain border
144:36.148794°N 5.344742°W
1595:Shipping in Gibraltar
860:Explosion of the RFA
629:University of Toronto
588:Primate Socialization
450:List of Gibraltarians
424:, later traveling to
327:
310:Maria de las Mercedes
180:Years of service
2004:Records in athletics
1979:Campo Gibraltar RUFC
1957:Football Association
1806:(Church of Scotland)
1804:St. Andrew's Church
1535:Regulatory Authority
855:Maltese in Gibraltar
850:Genoese in Gibraltar
802:Capture of Gibraltar
438:North Front Cemetery
379:Royal Naval Hospital
288:, a young lady from
212:British Empire Medal
149:36.148794; -5.344742
122:North Front Cemetery
1735:Gibraltarian status
1519:Gibraltar Chronicle
1090:Strait of Gibraltar
1014:Iberis gibraltarica
797:Battle of Gibraltar
787:Pillars of Hercules
608:National Geographic
551:Westways, Volume 77
290:Valverde del Fresno
278:In 1954 he married
140: /
1994:Commonwealth Games
1849:Trafalgar Cemetery
1837:Our Lady of Europe
1678:LlĂ©vame Donde NacĂ
1399:Gibraltar Squadron
1198:Constitution Order
1080:St. Michael's Cave
334:
237:Gibraltar Regiment
202:Gibraltar Regiment
2120:
2119:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2017:
2016:
1897:
1896:
1817:Roman Catholicism
1782:Diocese in Europe
1612:
1611:
1608:
1607:
1562:Telephone numbers
1507:(Internet domain)
1431:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1342:Political parties
1169:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1075:Rock of Gibraltar
970:Iberian Peninsula
910:
909:
872:Death on the Rock
868:Operation Flavius
812:Treaty of Utrecht
684:) in Gibraltar".
430:abdominal surgery
428:to undergo major
422:esophageal cancer
399:He of the monkeys
383:medical treatment
217:
216:
2160:
2108:
2107:
2096:
2084:
2083:
2072:
2071:
2009:Victoria Stadium
1908:
1807:
1792:Bishop suffragan
1767:
1631:
1618:
1508:
1450:
1437:
1188:
1175:
1133:Garrison Library
1055:Bay of Gibraltar
1045:
1017:
998:Barbary macaques
938:
925:
918:
835:
756:
740:
733:
726:
717:
710:
709:
677:
671:
670:
664:
662:
643:
634:
633:
623:
617:
616:
602:
596:
595:
585:
576:
567:
566:
561:
559:
546:
540:
539:
534:
532:
511:
498:
497:
469:
406:Barbary macaques
269:Mercedes Carrara
227:
169:
155:
154:
152:
151:
150:
145:
141:
138:
137:
136:
133:
106:
90:
88:
53:
43:
25:
2168:
2167:
2163:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2123:
2122:
2121:
2116:
2052:
2013:
1985:
1893:
1887:Great Synagogue
1853:
1805:
1787:Bishop diocesan
1756:
1704:
1695:Public holidays
1656:Westside School
1625:
1604:
1566:
1506:
1491:
1465:Gibraltar pound
1444:
1423:
1375:
1286:Disputed status
1267:
1241:
1182:
1157:
1104:
1036:
1022:Botanic Gardens
1011:
974:
932:
919:
906:
833:
832:Gibraltar real
763:
750:
744:
714:
713:
679:
678:
674:
660:
658:
657:on 8 April 2008
645:
644:
637:
625:
624:
620:
604:
603:
599:
583:
578:
577:
570:
557:
555:
548:
547:
543:
530:
528:
513:
512:
501:
490:
482:. p. 615.
471:
470:
463:
458:
446:
414:
391:El de los monos
385:as an enlisted
340:
322:
296:). They met in
283:domestic worker
257:
223:
148:
146:
142:
139:
134:
131:
129:
127:
126:
125:
108:
104:
92:
91:1 February 1931
86:
84:
74:El de los monos
64:
44:
39:
37:
36:
33:
32:
21:
12:
11:
5:
2166:
2164:
2156:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2125:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2102:
2090:
2078:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2050:
2049:
2048:
2038:
2033:
2027:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1982:
1981:
1976:
1966:
1965:
1964:
1959:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1937:
1932:
1931:
1930:
1920:
1914:
1912:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1890:
1889:
1879:
1878:
1877:
1867:
1861:
1859:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1846:
1845:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1814:
1809:
1801:
1800:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1773:
1771:
1764:
1758:
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1755:
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1753:
1752:
1747:
1737:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1725:
1714:
1712:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1685:Gibraltar Fair
1682:
1681:
1680:
1670:
1668:Miss Gibraltar
1665:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1643:
1637:
1635:
1627:
1626:
1621:
1614:
1613:
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1558:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1515:
1510:
1501:
1499:
1497:Communications
1493:
1492:
1490:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1477:Stock Exchange
1474:
1473:
1472:
1462:
1456:
1454:
1446:
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1440:
1433:
1432:
1429:
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1371:
1361:
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1359:
1354:
1344:
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1338:
1337:
1327:
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1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1295:
1294:
1293:
1283:
1277:
1275:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1253:Chief Minister
1249:
1247:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1228:
1227:
1222:
1212:
1211:
1210:
1205:
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1192:
1184:
1183:
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1171:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1155:
1150:
1148:The Rock Hotel
1145:
1143:Moorish Castle
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1114:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1051:
1049:
1042:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1007:
1002:
1001:
1000:
990:
984:
982:
976:
975:
973:
972:
967:
966:
965:
960:
950:
944:
942:
934:
933:
928:
921:
920:
913:
911:
908:
907:
905:
904:
899:
891:
883:
875:
865:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
774:
768:
765:
764:
759:
752:
751:
745:
743:
742:
735:
728:
720:
712:
711:
692:(3): 299–304.
682:Macaca sylvana
672:
635:
618:
597:
568:
541:
499:
488:
460:
459:
457:
454:
453:
452:
445:
442:
413:
410:
336:Main article:
321:
318:
300:, the Spanish
256:
253:
215:
214:
209:
205:
204:
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195:
194:
189:
185:
184:
181:
177:
176:
171:
165:
164:
161:
157:
156:
120:
118:
114:
113:
107:(aged 62)
103:1 January 1994
101:
97:
96:
82:
78:
77:
70:
66:
65:
54:
46:
45:
38:
34:
28:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2165:
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2149:
2146:
2144:
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2131:
2130:
2128:
2113:
2112:
2103:
2101:
2100:
2095:
2091:
2089:
2088:
2079:
2077:
2076:
2067:
2066:
2063:
2047:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2041:Official flag
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1988:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1974:national team
1972:
1971:
1970:
1967:
1963:
1962:national team
1960:
1958:
1955:
1954:
1953:
1950:
1946:
1945:national team
1943:
1942:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1929:
1928:national team
1926:
1925:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1880:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1862:
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1856:
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1847:
1843:
1840:
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1830:
1828:
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1819:
1818:
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1813:
1810:
1808:
1802:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1759:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1718:Gibraltarians
1716:
1715:
1713:
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35:Alfred Holmes
31:
26:
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2109:
2097:
2085:
2073:
2036:Coat of arms
1999:Island Games
1940:Field hockey
1858:Other faiths
1770:Christianity
1710:Demographics
1690:National Day
1555:Study Circle
1517:
1220:court system
1013:
894:
886:
878:
861:
840:World War II
807:George Rooke
689:
685:
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659:. Retrieved
655:the original
650:
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621:
612:
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550:
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359:British Army
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341:
313:
312:in 1955 and
309:
302:municipality
285:
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230:Gibraltarian
220:
218:
174:British Army
105:(1994-01-01)
73:
22:
2148:1994 deaths
2143:1931 births
2111:WikiProject
2046:other flags
1969:Rugby union
1777:Anglicanism
1225:LGBT rights
1128:The Convent
1060:Catalan Bay
980:Environment
845:Nationality
822:Great Siege
593:invaluable.
183:1954 – 1986
147: /
124:, Gibraltar
112:, Gibraltar
69:Nickname(s)
2127:Categories
1918:Basketball
1525:Gibtelecom
1330:Parliament
1010:Candytuft
834:(currency)
558:23 January
531:23 January
478:. London:
456:References
255:Early life
160:Allegiance
132:36°08′56″N
87:1931-02-01
57:Upper Rock
1812:Methodism
1740:Languages
1728:in the UK
1646:Education
1585:Cable car
1572:Transport
1298:Elections
1123:City Hall
1085:Sandy Bay
930:Geography
887:New Flame
747:Gibraltar
615:(1): 118.
418:diagnosed
367:Governors
316:in 1962.
261:Gibraltar
239:(now the
135:5°20′41″W
94:Gibraltar
61:Gibraltar
2075:Category
1952:Football
1911:By sport
1865:Hinduism
1762:Religion
1530:Panorama
1482:Taxation
1381:Military
1273:Politics
1258:Governor
1232:Passport
1180:Politics
902:COVID-19
897:incident
889:incident
881:incident
862:Bedenham
777:Timeline
521:The Item
444:See also
371:orphaned
273:siblings
233:sergeant
192:Sergeant
168:Service/
30:Sergeant
2087:Commons
2023:Symbols
1935:Cycling
1923:Cricket
1882:Judaism
1822:Diocese
1750:Llanito
1745:English
1641:Cuisine
1634:General
1623:Culture
1580:Airport
1487:Tourism
1453:General
1442:Economy
1335:Speaker
1291:isthmus
1191:General
1048:Natural
993:Mammals
953:Geology
948:Climate
941:General
761:History
706:5971504
661:28 July
495:poorer.
395:Spanish
387:soldier
294:Cáceres
280:Spanish
235:of the
2099:Portal
2031:Anthem
1827:Bishop
1246:People
1041:Places
879:Aurora
781:sieges
749:topics
704:
486:
426:London
320:Career
208:Awards
170:branch
117:Buried
1903:Sport
1870:Islam
1673:Music
1470:coins
1460:Banks
1263:Mayor
1110:Built
988:Birds
895:Fedra
584:(PDF)
420:with
412:Death
219:Sgt.
1723:list
1505:.gi
1357:2002
1352:1967
1323:2023
1318:2019
1313:2015
1308:2011
1303:2007
1208:2006
1203:1969
702:PMID
663:2008
560:2010
533:2010
484:ISBN
375:rear
267:and
198:Unit
188:Rank
100:Died
81:Born
1215:Law
694:doi
651:VOX
613:130
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346:of
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