135:(1790-1850), was born in 1812. His father did not manage to put the factory he founded in 1811 on its feet during his lifetime. He died in 1826 when Alfred Krupp was 14 years old and left to his son the secret of making high-quality cast steel, together with a small workshop in which production had come almost to a standstill. At this time, the family lived with the aunt in Metternich. The company, which at that time had only seven jobs and a debt of 10,000 thalers, was inherited by Friedrich's wife Theresa. Together with Friedrich Krupp's sister, Helena von Müller, née Krupp, a steel company was founded. The founding agreement was signed by all the heirs of Friedrich and his sister Helena. Alfred dropped out of school and took over the firm, although the firm was officially owned by his mother. By 1830 the situation had changed. With the development of rail transport in Germany and Europe, the demand for steel for the production of rails and steam locomotive axles had greatly increased. On 26 August 1830, after overcoming some difficulties in steel production, Krupp supplies cast steel rolls for the first time to Hüseken in Hagen-Hohenlimburg.
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253:, with strict control of workers. Krupp demanded a loyalty oath, required workers to obtain written permission from their foremen when they needed to use the toilet and issued proclamations telling his workers not to concern themselves with national politics. In return, Krupp provided social services that were unusually liberal for the era, including "
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was founded in 1868 which became the Consum-Anstalt. Profits were divided according to amounts purchased. A boarding house for single men, the MĂ©nage, was started in 1865 with 200 boarders and by 1905 accommodated 1000. Bath houses were provided and employees received free medical services. Accident,
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He envisioned the employer as a patriarch, demanding from his workers not only respect, but also obedience and providing them with a secure existence for this. He thought highly of himself as an entrepreneur. In his Villa HĂĽgel, he received the leaders from across Europe. Kings and emperors came to
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The Krupp social services program began about 1861, when it was found that there were not sufficient houses in the town for firm employees, and the firm began building dwellings. By 1862 ten houses were ready for foremen, and in 1863 the first houses for workingmen were built in Alt
Westend. Neu
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facilitated freight transport in
Germany. In 1836, Krupp already employed 60 people. Alfred Krupp took care of his "Kruppians", as they were later called, all his life. He introduced sickness insurance and built apartments for workers. In exchange, he demanded loyalty from them to the firm.
367:. It was here that Alfred Krupp kept weighing scales in the form of a chair, where he had visitors sit on the chair and would record their weight. The first entry in the ledger was made in 1866 and the final was in 1899, showing that the tradition had been continued after Krupp's death.
222:, Alfred continued to expand, including the purchase of Spanish mines and Dutch shipping, making Krupp the biggest and richest company in Europe but nearly bankrupting it. He was bailed out with a 30 million Mark loan from a consortium of banks arranged by the Prussian State Bank.
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in the world; privately owned by Krupp. He took on 46 nations as customers. At the time of his death in 1887, he had 75,000 employees, including 20,200 in Essen. In his lifetime, Krupp manufactured a total of 24,576 guns; 10,666 for the German government and 13,910 for export.
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visit him not for receptions, but as clients. Therefore, in 1865, he refused the title of nobility granted to him by the King of
Prussia as "inappropriate to his wishes." His name was Krupp, and that was enough.
188:, however, realized the significance of the innovation. After he became regent in 1859, Prussia bought its first 312 steel cannon from Krupp, which became the main arms manufacturer for the Prussian military.
157:, began the company's primary revenue stream, from sales to railways in the United States. Alfred enlarged the factory and fulfilled his long-cherished scheme to construct a
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Alfred Krupp won new customers, extended his firm's purchases of raw materials, and secured funds to finance the expansion of his works. At the first world exhibition, the
107:, 26 April 1812 – Essen, 14 July 1887) was a German steel manufacturer and inventor; the largest arms supplier of his era, which earned him the nickname "The Cannon King".
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He was a tireless worker who never rested on his laurels. He was an extreme hypochondriac who suffered from depression and did not leave his bed for weeks and months.
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life, and sickness  insurance societies  were formed, and the firm contributed to their support. Technical and manual training schools were provided.
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in
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Alemanes en las regiones equinocciales: libro homenaje al bicentenario de la llegada de
Alexander von Humboldt a Venezuela, 1799–1999
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Despite owning the mansion, Krupp continued to make use of the small house built by his father at the factory in Essen, known as the
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Westend was built in 1871 and 1872. By 1905, 400 houses were provided, many being given rent free to widows of former workers. A
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was in part a contest of "Kruppstahl" versus bronze cannon. The success of German artillery spurred the first international
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The Kaiser's Army: The
Politics of Military Technology in Germany During the Machine Age, 1870–1918
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Prussia used the advanced technology of Krupp to defeat both
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insured the men and their families in case of illness or death. Essen became a large
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Krupp's marriage was not a happy one. His wife Bertha (not to be confused with
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547:: The Rise and Fall of the Industrial Dynasty that Armed Germany at War
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Humboldt, Alexander von; RodrĂguez, JosĂ© Angel (1 January 1999).
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tendencies, and later influenced the development and adoption of
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Krupp was also held in high esteem by the Kaiser, who dismissed
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Krupp proclaimed he wished to have "a man come and start a
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Indeed, unable to sell his steel cannon, Krupp gave it to
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bronze cannon. Alfred soon began producing breech loading
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of cast steel. He strongly believed in the superiority of
515:"Im Sprung durch die Firmengeschichte von Krupp in Essen"
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as the firm's basic constitution. The company was a
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German entrepreneur and inventor (b. 1812, d. 1887)
225:In 1878 and 1879 Krupp held competitions known as
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153:In 1851, another successful innovation, no-weld
674:Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Foundation
281:as government policy, as a preventive against
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470:(in Spanish). Fondo Editorial Humanidades.
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416:; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905).
119:Birthhouse of Alfred Krupp and his father
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
443:. Oxford University Press. p. 120.
392:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 29.
32:This article includes a list of general
419:"Krupp Foundries, Social Work at"
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428:(1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
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762:German steel industry businesspeople
643:Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach
502:. The Bodley Head. pp. 173–174.
315:for rejecting Krupp's design of the
658:Gustav Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach
752:19th-century German businesspeople
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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513:Lindgens, Janet (2012-08-11).
425:New International Encyclopedia
173:, one of which he gave to the
133:Theresa Helena Johann Wilhelmi
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679:Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft
83:Alfred Krupp (disambiguation)
500:Germany - Fascist Or Soviet?
498:Knickerbocker, H.R. (1932).
388:Axelrod, Alan (2016-04-01).
265:and Krupp became a de facto
309:Julius von Verdy du Vernois
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193:German Wars of Unification
123:in Essen, around 1850–1880
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747:Businesspeople from Essen
549:. Boston: Little, Brown.
439:Brose, Eric Dorn (2004).
101:Alfried Felix Alwyn Krupp
277:strategy was adopted by
53:more precise citations.
653:Friedrich Alfred Krupp
241:Krupp established the
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757:German industrialists
159:breech-loading cannon
127:Alfred Krupp, son of
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390:The Battle of Verdun
267:state within a state
140:German Customs Union
138:The creation of the
81:For other uses, see
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344:their granddaughter
313:Hans von Kaltenborn
301:cooperative society
271:Hohenzollern family
247:sole proprietorship
201:Franco-Prussian war
182:the King of Prussia
328:William Manchester
324:counter-revolution
311:and his successor
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545:The Arms of Krupp
450:978-0-19-517945-3
399:978-1-4930-2210-6
283:Social Democratic
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275:paternalist
51:introducing
726:Categories
525:2024-08-27
519:www.waz.de
375:References
273:. Krupp's
207:, against
34:references
213:Armstrong
205:arms race
171:howitzers
111:Biography
542:(1968).
279:Bismarck
255:colonies
704:Related
483:16 July
218:In the
186:Wilhelm
47:improve
688:Events
626:People
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332:Hitler
231:Meppen
99:(born
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105:Essen
561:OCLC
551:ISBN
485:2015
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