410:. The rebels did not recognize him, allowing Fadhul to drive past them and get to the next telephone, and from there, he was able to inform Amin and the Simba Battalion of the rebel invasion. Afterwards, he went into hiding for a few days, only reemerging after the insurgents had been repelled by his subordinate Yusuf Gowon. After the fighting, he took part in purges of suspected rebels as well as rebel sympathizers in and around Mbarara, mostly hunting insurgents in the countryside while leaving Mbarara town to Gowon. Fadhul was later accused of having ordered the murder of Francis Xavier Tibayungwa, the former administrative secretary of Ankole, during this time. Tibayungwa was believed to have previously helped Museveni escape Uganda after the 1971 coup; the ex-official was bayonetted to death.
430:
official, often staying in
Kampala and only involving himself in northern affairs by exhorting increases in cotton production, exploiting local smugglers and businesses, and suppressing rebel activity. He sometimes displayed a complete lack of knowledge of the activities of lower-ranking officials in his territories. Around 1974, he was appointed Minister for Provincial Administration. According to lower-ranking Ugandan smugglers, Fadhul exploited his military and government positions to directly participate in smuggling operations and illegally amass a fortune, while publicly condemning smugglers as "economic criminals" harming the country.
484:
force him into a car, accusing him of working with rebels. He maintained his innocence during his trial, saying that all murders of civilians in
Mbarara had been committed by his former colleague Yusuf Gowon. Fadhul was convicted and sentenced to death in 1989. Along with a leader of Amin's death squads, Kassim Obura, Fadhul was one of very few Amin followers who were ever actually convicted for crimes committed in the 1971–79 era. Placed on the death row at
226:
368:. Thereafter, he rose in the ranks. Described by researcher Andrew Rice as "an Amin confidante and notorious brute", Fadhul was granted command of the Uganda Army's Simba Battalion and tasked with eliminating soldiers loyal to the deposed President Obote. He consequently carried out several massacres of suspected dissident troops at the Simba barracks of
504:; the college consequently allowed him to temporarily sleep in one of their offices. He later relocated to the home of his eldest wife, Hajjati Segiya Nako, in Bulumagi. Several locals and family members celebrated his release. By 2010, he could no longer sit, eat or walk on his own, and had to receive regular treatments at
483:
Fadhul was arrested in his home in
Bulumagi, Uganda, in September 1986 on charges that he had been involved in the murder of Tibayungwa. He was tried by the High Court in Mbarara in February 1988. Several witnesses testified that between 21 and 22 September 1972, they saw Fadhul arrest Tibayungwa and
462:
by
Tanzanian-led forces in April 1979. A new Ugandan government was consequently installed. The new government subsequently froze the financial assets of over 1,000 Ugandan Nubians, including Fadhul's, before seizing the money and placing it in government accounts. Fadhul's home was plundered during
511:
On 2 November 2021, Fadhul died at the
Nsambya Hospital at the age of 81 due to complications from diabetes. The former chairperson of Bulumagi, Mohammed Kasule Byansi, lamented Fadhul's death, describing him as "great man in our society" who had supported locals by sponsoring education and helping
492:
turned down one of his appeals against the conviction and death sentence in 1993. However, his repeated appeals staved off his execution. In 2001, Yusuf Gowon was also imprisoned at Luzira, whereupon he and Fadhul developed such an antipathy that prison authorities had to separate them until Gowon
457:
and allied rebel forces defeated the Uganda Army in a series of battles, President Amin dismissed Chief of Staff Gowon in March 1979. Fadhul was appointed his successor. In addition, he became part of a four-member war planning committee that oversaw the
Ugandan preparations for the defense of
429:
in May 1973, and also appointed head of the 2nd
Infantry Brigade (renamed to "Simba Mechanized Brigade"). By 1974, he was Governor of Northern Province and "one of the most prominent figures in the regime" according to researcher Thomas Lowman. In this position, he mostly acted as an absentee
500:, ulcers and skin cancer and no longer had a home, as his old house in Bulumagi had been abandoned and vandalised during his time in prison. One house which had formerly belonged to him was now rented to the Weston College School-Makerere in
33:
391:. Facing latent insurgent activity, he reportedly relied on a number of civilian assistants to identify opponents of Amin's government. Early in the morning of 17 September 1972, Fadhul was informed of
319:
of 1978–1979. Following the conflict, Fadhul was arrested by the new
Ugandan government, and convicted of murder. Sentenced to death, he spent 22 years in prison until he was pardoned by President
387:
was thus responsible for the battalion's day-to-day operations. Fadhul later stated that he felt like a foreigner in southern Uganda, knowing neither local customs nor speaking the languages of
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671:
1485:
607:
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He was the head of the Simba
Battalion from 1971 to 1974, although he was often absent from the unit. As a confidant of Amin, Fadhul repeatedly spent his time in
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Fadhul was married to at least ten women, and had at least 49 children, including
Abubaker Ali Fadhul, Asha Ali, Faisal Fadhul, and Abdul Magid Alule. He was a
1100:
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301:
1940 – 2 November 2021) was a Ugandan military officer and convicted criminal who served as governor, minister and army chief of staff during the
508:
and by doctors hired by his family to stay alive. However, he gave a number of interviews in which he offered "extravagant praise" for Museveni.
441:. In January 1979, he was featured in Ugandan radio propaganda: In his capacity as Minister for Provincial Administration, he had reportedly met
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elders during an official meeting with Amin, telling them how much the President respected them. In addition, Fadhul falsely claimed that the
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that resulted in Obote's overthrow and initiated Idi Amin's presidency. At the time of the coup he was a corporal stationed in
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lecturer Robert Siedle. Amin promoted him to lieutenant colonel for his role in the purges of July 1971.
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In 2009, Fadhul was pardoned by President Yoweri Museveni, and released. By this time, he suffered from
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in 1953; at the time he was thirteen. Following Uganda's independence in 1962, he transferred to the
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reporter Isaac Baligema, Fadhul was arrested "for crimes ranging from kidnap to murder" in 1980.
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by journalist Alan Howe described Fadhul as "murderer" and "Amin's most faithful servant".
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407:
320:
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372:. In addition, he was possibly connected to the deaths of journalist Nicholas Stroh and
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176:
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the war. According to Thomas Lowman, Fadhul was arrested in Bombo. According to the
336:
Waris Ali Fadhul or Ali Waris Fadhul was born in eastern Uganda, near the border to
357:
1415:
1174:
599:
384:
365:
81:
1357:
The Teeth May Smile But the Heart Does Not Forget: Murder and Memory in Uganda
1323:
Beyond Idi Amin: Causes and Drivers of Political Violence in Uganda, 1971–1979
453:
had done, showcasing that Uganda was more dignified than its enemy. After the
414:
1292:. United States Joint Publications Research Service. 10 May 1973. p. 54.
1403:
640:"Libyan Troops Supporting Amin Said to Flee Kampala, Leaving It Defenseless"
438:
261:
38:
672:"Ali Fadhul was Idi Amin's trusted lieutenant – and would kill on command"
395:
at the Ugandan–Tanzanian border. He promptly took off for the border in a
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69:
311:. In course of his career, he also commanded the Simba Battalion of the
442:
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396:
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369:
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32:
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1218:"Ankole administrator arrested in swoop targeting Fronasa agents"
413:
In the next years, Fadhul rose to governor in the northern (
344:, although he was often described as a "Sudanese" and spoke
315:(UA). He was one of Amin's last loyal followers during the
402:. As he was speeding toward the border, Fadhul ran into
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individuals to enlist in the military. In contrast,
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Culture of the Sepulchre: Idi Amin's Monster Regime
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49:
23:
1136:Bita, George; Mukyala, Esther (23 January 2009).
1086:
1074:
608:United States Joint Publications Research Service
471:, he joined other regime officials in fleeing to
421:districts) and the western provinces (Ankole and
467:, journalist Godwin Matatu, and Indian diplomat
458:Kampala. Amin's regime completely collapsed and
16:Ugandan military officer and government official
1101:"Nubians endure pain as accounts remain frozen"
383:to assist the President; his second-in-command
965:"Brigadier Ali Fadhul Free with Nowhere to Go"
1466:Military personnel of the Uganda–Tanzania War
488:, he remained incarcerated for 22 years. The
8:
1289:Translations on Sub-Saharan Africa, No. 1310
1038:
805:
803:
801:
799:
449:had not insulted foreign heads of state as
1486:Recipients of Ugandan presidential pardons
1383:Institute of Current World Affairs Letters
594:
592:
31:
20:
1359:. New York City: Henry Holt and Company.
1299:Wars and Insurgencies of Uganda 1971–1994
1297:Cooper, Tom; Fontanellaz, Adrien (2015).
993:
991:
989:
987:
985:
958:
956:
954:
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950:
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1000:"Fadhul was Amin's trusted army officer"
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1129:
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1123:
1121:
1099:Arinaitwe, Solomon (25 November 2012).
706:
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694:
692:
588:
544:
356:, serving throughout the presidency of
1476:Prisoners sentenced to death by Uganda
1286:"Amin announces Military Promotions".
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437:of 1978–1979, he had been promoted to
112:Minister for Provincial Administration
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812:"Fadhul ill, family seeks assistance"
7:
1481:Ugandan prisoners sentenced to death
1471:People convicted of murder by Uganda
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1244:
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425:districts). He was promoted to full
1138:"Fadhul sleeps in dilapidated home"
551:He was named "Walls Ali Fadhul" by
348:. He was forcibly recruited by the
1420:. New Delhi: Penguin Books India.
711:Kissa, Derick (25 November 2012).
604:Translations on Sub-Saharan Africa
14:
810:Baligema, Isaac (7 August 2010).
1305:: Helion & Company Limited.
1216:Mugabe, Faustin (4 April 2021).
998:Mugisa, Anne (20 January 2009).
465:Uganda National Liberation Front
340:, around 1940. He was an ethnic
224:
61:March 1979 – April 1979
1374:Rice, Andrew (20 August 2003).
1344:"The End of Uganda's Nightmare"
1329:(PhD thesis). Durham University
963:Malaba, Tom (23 January 2009).
713:"Amin's former aide dies at 81"
455:Tanzania People's Defence Force
447:Uganda Broadcasting Corporation
1461:Government ministers of Uganda
1350:. No. 93. pp. 10–16.
670:Alan Howe (12 November 2021).
1:
1320:Lowman, Thomas James (2020).
1087:Cooper & Fontanellaz 2015
1075:Cooper & Fontanellaz 2015
332:Military and political career
298:
164:
139:Governor of Northern Province
123:
638:John Daimon (6 April 1979).
406:rebels under the command of
1394:Rwehururu, Bernard (2002).
1342:Matatu, Gordon (May 1979).
1512:
1456:Ugandan military personnel
1175:"Regime's Morale Crumbles"
50:Uganda Army Chief of Staff
288:
186:2 November 2021 (aged 81)
151:
116:
54:
45:
30:
1179:Africa Research Bulletin
362:1971 Ugandan coup d'Ă©tat
1496:Diabetes-related deaths
490:Supreme Court of Uganda
275:1972 invasion of Uganda
557:reporter John Daimon.
360:. He took part in the
1355:Rice, Andrew (2009).
1181:. 1979. p. 5384.
766:, pp. 46–47, 77.
350:King's African Rifles
250:Years of service
242:King's African Rifles
1398:. Kampala: Monitor.
1271:, pp. 135, 322.
969:Uganda Radio Network
916:, pp. 102, 104.
535:, and spoke Nubian.
460:Kampala was captured
1053:, pp. 250–251.
877:, pp. 128–129.
486:Luzira Upper Prison
435:Uganda–Tanzania War
374:Makerere University
317:Uganda–Tanzania War
280:Uganda–Tanzania War
644:The New York Times
600:"Bagandan Support"
554:The New York Times
1427:978-0-670-08573-6
1366:978-0-8050-7965-4
1312:978-1-910294-55-0
1039:Translations 1973
623:, pp. 46–47.
606:. No. 2070.
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408:Yoweri Museveni
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303:dictatorship of
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776:Rwehururu 2002
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37:Ali Fadhul as
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1376:"The General"
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1222:Daily Monitor
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358:Milton Obote
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268:Battles/wars
118:
97:
93:
89:Succeeded by
56:
18:
1451:2021 deaths
1446:1940 births
1279:Works cited
1192:Matatu 1979
1162:Lowman 2020
1063:Lowman 2020
1051:Lowman 2020
974:26 February
938:Lowman 2020
914:Lowman 2020
851:Lowman 2020
836:Lowman 2020
764:Lowman 2020
752:Lowman 2020
740:Lowman 2020
681:20 November
650:21 December
646:. p. 9
621:Lowman 2020
385:Yusuf Gowon
354:Uganda Army
313:Uganda Army
82:Yusuf Gowon
77:Preceded by
1440:Categories
1204:Singh 2012
1142:New Vision
1004:New Vision
816:New Vision
722:3 November
578:References
568:New Vision
479:Later life
295:Ali Fadhul
220:Allegiance
25:Ali Fadhul
1269:Rice 2009
1257:Rice 2009
1245:Rice 2009
1027:Rice 2003
926:Rice 2009
902:Rice 2009
890:Rice 2003
875:Rice 2009
863:Rice 2009
791:Rice 2003
583:Citations
439:brigadier
327:Biography
323:in 2009.
306:President
262:Brigadier
253:1953–1979
144:President
131:President
126:1974–1979
119:In office
66:President
57:In office
39:brigadier
1414:(2012).
1404:50243051
1303:Solihull
1227:19 April
533:polyglot
521:obituary
498:diabetes
309:Idi Amin
207:Children
147:Idi Amin
134:Idi Amin
98:de facto
70:Idi Amin
821:13 July
610:. 1979.
443:Buganda
433:By the
427:colonel
404:FRONASA
397:Peugeot
381:Kampala
370:Mbarara
189:Nsambya
169: (
94:De jure
1491:Busoga
1424:
1402:
1363:
1348:Africa
1333:6 July
1309:
1147:19 May
1110:6 July
1009:19 May
502:Mukono
415:Acholi
389:Ankole
366:Moroto
346:Nubian
342:Busoga
232:Uganda
229:
199:Spouse
193:Uganda
96:none;
1389:(12).
1379:(PDF)
1327:(PDF)
539:Notes
473:Kenya
423:Tooro
419:Lango
400:sedan
338:Kenya
1422:ISBN
1400:OCLC
1361:ISBN
1335:2020
1307:ISBN
1229:2021
1149:2020
1112:2020
1011:2020
976:2020
823:2020
724:2021
683:2021
652:2019
417:and
258:Rank
183:Died
171:1940
167:1940
161:Born
105:UNLA
103:as
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299:c.
210:49
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165:c.
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