1571:
4636:
6751:
1294:
4629:
3133:
3958:
3944:
1154:
1236:
6203:
5424:
6189:
3937:
6196:
1265:
3139:
1317:
1554:
have not been recovered for any of these tyrannosaurs. One part of the growth series across all specimens in this study was discovered to remain unique to alioramin tyrannosaurs; the rugose process of the jugal starts small and conical in early life, but becomes massive and indistinct as the animals grow. This same study also suggests
Alioramins did not undergo a secondary metamorphosis from slender juveniles to robust adults like other tyrannosaurs such as
4643:
148:
3951:
899:
653:
719:
1198:
6764:
5442:
1388:
5430:
863:
704:
1624:
1103:
5449:
6758:
6183:
2549:
1470:
846:
1037:
130:
542:
1176:
5437:
6789:
1714:
2535:
1081:
1443:
proportionately higher bite forces than alioramins of equivalent size. Furthermore, Alioramins seemingly remained confined to Asia, suggesting some factor prevented them from colonizing the better-sampled fossil deposits from North
America. Why this may be remains a mystery until more evidence is discovered.
1553:
represents an adult example of the alioramini. The examinations also suggest that the variation seen between the various species is consistent with the growth trends seen in other tyrannosaurid genera, though specimens that could constitute a full growth series from infant to adult for each species
1442:
hunted, though these larger tyrannosaurs themselves may have hunted alioramins as prey on occasion. Alioramins may also have had a different feeding strategy than other tyrannosaurids, as their jaws seem to have been weaker than those of the larger genera, and even juveniles of larger species have
1429:
Foster with team in 2022 hypothesized that due to their slim and gracile build, Alioramin genera may have been hunters of small, particularly fast and nimble prey, which would have allowed alioramins to avoid competition with larger tyrannosaurs that specialized in killing larger animals. The long
1033:, and therefore a member of the group Tyrannosaurinae. However, a second analysis in the same paper found it to be located outside of the clade including Albertosaurinae and Tyrannosaurinae, and therefore the sister group of Tyrannosauridae. Below is the first analysis found by the authors:
592:
paleontologist Sergei
Kurzanov in 1976. Its crests and low skull profile looked so different from other tyrannosaurids that Kurzanov believed his find was far removed from other members of the family. Accordingly, he gave it the generic name
1405:
lacks many of the robust and brute skull traits (such as a deep maxilla, robust lower jaws, or peg-like teeth) that are necessary to employ a "puncture-pull" feeding characteristic of large tyrannosaurids. They suggested that
1029:. This clade had an uncertain placement relative to other members of the tyrannosaur branch in the initial analysis that discovered it. The primary phylogenetic analysis found Alioramini to be closer to Tyrannosaurus than to
1638:
The
Maastrichtian stage in Mongolia, as preserved in the Nemegt Formation and at Nogon-Tsav, was characterized by a wetter and more humid climate compared with the semi-arid environment preserved in the earlier, underlying
533:
is characterized by a row of five bony crests along the top of the snout, a greater number of teeth than any other genus of tyrannosaurid, and a lower skull than most other tyrannosaurids.
2198:
Carr, Thomas D.; Williamson, Thomas E.; Schwimmer, David R. (2005). "A new genus and species of tyrannosauroid from the Late
Cretaceous (middle Campanian) Demopolis Formation of Alabama".
1663:
deposits indicate periodic droughts. This environment supported a more diverse and generally larger dinosaur fauna than in earlier times. Kurzanov reported that other theropods, including
978:
shared several skull features, including a locking mechanism in the lower jaw between the dentary and angular bones, and both lacked the prong of the nasal bones which connected to the
557:
960:
belonged outside the family
Tyrannosauridae entirely, with its supposed juvenile characters actually reflecting a more basal position within Tyrannosauroidea. Another study omitted
616:, was discovered back in 2009 at the Tsagan Khushu locality also from the Nemegt Formation. However, several faunal differences may suggest that the respective locations of
6987:
1488:(IGM 100/1844) by Brusatte and colleagues in 2009 determined that this individual had an internal bone structure corresponding to a nine year-old and actively growing
6888:
6952:
926:
Tyrannosauroidea, but because its remains were for many years poorly known, a more precise classification had remained elusive until the discovery of
804:, locking the two bones together and removing much of the flexibility seen in other tyrannosaurids. Other tyrannosaurids had four premaxillary teeth,
6875:
4635:
6982:
6977:
4628:
481:
and colleagues in 2009. Its relationships to other tyrannosaurid genera were at first unclear, with some evidence supporting a hypothesis that
6750:
682:
at 5 m (16 ft) and 385 kg (849 lb). Kurzanov, however, did not correct for lengthening of the skull by deformation during
2514:
2116:"Variation, Variability, and the Origin of the Avian Endocranium: Insights from the Anatomy of Alioramus altai (Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)"
1991:
1963:
674:
gave a similar length of 6 m (20 ft) and a weight of 700 kg (1,500 lb). In 2016 Molina-Pérez and
Larramendi estimated
2595:
1817:
757:
are fused and ornamented with a row of five irregular bony crests that protrude upwards from the midline, where the nasal bones are
3957:
2014:"The osteology of Alioramus, a gracile and long-snouted tyrannosaurid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the late Cretaceous of Mongolia"
5423:
1570:
1727:
3943:
1512:
attained a comparably smaller adult size. Lastly, Brusatte and team argued against the skull shape and cranial ornamentation of
6188:
1438:
may have also prevented them from killing the same prey species that juvenile and adult tyrannosaurids of tyrannosaurids like
3132:
1549:
published in 2022 suggests that both
Alioramus species are known from juvenile specimens in different growth stages, and that
1532:(growth) series of other dinosaurs evidence that ornamentation increases throughout growth. The latter may suggest that adult
3936:
1006:, however, suggested it was a separate taxon, even if it is known only from juvenile remains, confirmed by the discovery of
6202:
3138:
2358:"The cranial anatomy of the long-snouted tyrannosaurid dinosaur Qianzhousaurus sinensis from the Upper Cretaceous of China"
670:
was estimated at 5 to 6 m (16 to 20 ft) in length when originally described by Sergei
Kurzanov in 1976. In 1988
6779:
6629:
5441:
6967:
4642:
6947:
6195:
3950:
1293:
6763:
2238:
1410:
may have exploited a different feeding style, such as focusing small-sized prey. This would also suggest that both
686:, which may indicate a shorter overall body length for this individual. If this specimen is a juvenile, then adult
147:
5448:
6962:
6957:
2356:
Foster, William; Brusatte, Stephen L.; Carr, Thomas D.; Williamson, Thomas E.; Yi, Laiping; Lü, Junchang (2022).
2262:"Allometric growth in tyrannosaurids (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of North America and Asia"
916:
2211:
1450:
experienced lower stresses to its skull when feeding. Additionally, the same study suggests it and its relative
986:. The two genera may be closely related, representing an Asian branch of the Tyrannosauridae. Some specimens of
624:
differ in age. The holotype IGM 100/1844 is a partial skeleton that includes a very complete skull—more so than
2683:
809:
5429:
1675:
were discovered at the same locality, but these remains have never been reported in detail. If the Nogon Tsav
6757:
2384:
6942:
2588:
868:(A) cervical vertebra, (B) right ilium, (C) right ischium, and (D) right tibio-astragalar complex bones of
6805:
1153:
738:
was approximately 45 cm (1.48 ft) long. In general, it is long and low, a shape typical of more
1492:. The team however, noted that in terms of body size this individual is closer to a seven/eight year-old
1002:, which lived in the same time and place. The more prominent nasal crests and much higher tooth count of
6972:
6914:
5154:
5066:
2308:
1640:
1423:
1021:
in 2014 erected a new branch of the tyrannosaur family named
Alioramini; consisting of the long-snouted
739:
577:
2539:
2062:
Hurum, Jørn H.; Sabath, Karol (2003). "Giant theropod dinosaurs from Asia and North America: Skulls of
1235:
890:, which is known from substantially more complete remains, has shed light on the anatomy of the genus.
6182:
576:
in the early 1970s found these remains at a locality known as Nogon-Tsav in the Mongolian province of
477:, known from a much more complete skeleton also from the Nemegt Formation, was named and described by
6862:
6715:
4843:
4811:
2472:
2317:
2276:
2127:
1853:
Brusatte, Stephen L.; Carr, Thomas D.; Erickson, Gregory M.; Bever, Gabe S.; Norell, Mark A. (2009).
1760:
1747:
Carr, Thomas D.; Varricchio, David J.; Sedlmayr, Jayc C.; Roberts, Eric M.; Moore, Jason R. (2017).
5167:
4954:
2498:
2179:; Hurum, Jørn H; Sabath, Karol (2003). "Skull structure and evolution in tyrannosaurid phylogeny".
1947:
1943:
1644:
758:
753:
have not been found, but are taller than wide in all tyrannosauroids for which they are known. The
478:
5436:
1264:
6622:
5143:
5003:
4859:
4799:
4234:
4144:
4027:
2891:
2581:
2389:
2215:
2039:
1602:
1598:
487:
327:
142:
1316:
6919:
6901:
6893:
6504:
6421:
6395:
6234:
6221:
6099:
5657:
5609:
4441:
3791:
2870:
2510:
2428:
2335:
2155:
1987:
1959:
1886:
1786:
1660:
521:
460:
6906:
2409:"Morphological evolution and functional consequences of giantism in tyrannosauroid dinosaurs"
6793:
6608:
6365:
6275:
6064:
5996:
5859:
5778:
5750:
5710:
5591:
5561:
5079:
4832:
4696:
4553:
4453:
4302:
4209:
4167:
3734:
3044:
2480:
2436:
2420:
2379:
2369:
2325:
2284:
2207:
2145:
2135:
2029:
2021:
1876:
1866:
1776:
1768:
1719:
1684:
1632:
1594:
1516:
being juvenile traits, given that: IGM 100/1844 is smaller and slender than comparably aged
1197:
898:
652:
581:
452:
367:
2114:
Norell, Mark A.; Balanoff, Amy M.; Brusatte, Stephen L.; Bever, Gabe S. (August 10, 2011).
718:
6671:
6409:
6372:
6304:
6159:
6152:
5980:
5922:
5895:
5885:
5845:
5680:
5539:
5523:
5341:
5313:
5291:
5178:
5023:
4730:
4504:
4387:
4365:
4286:
4115:
4092:
4085:
4063:
4049:
4042:
4003:
3854:
3701:
3628:
3617:
3553:
3441:
3328:
2905:
2814:
2668:
2643:
1813:
1668:
1617:
1124:
1061:
1051:
671:
641:
468:
423:
267:
231:
6843:
2553:
2302:
Junchang Lü; Laiping Yi; Stephen L. Brusatte; Ling Yang; Hua Li; Liu Chen (May 7, 2014).
1749:"A new tyrannosaur with evidence for anagenesis and crocodile-like facial sensory system"
2476:
2441:
2321:
2280:
2131:
1764:
1387:
6636:
6599:
6580:
6542:
6531:
6328:
6041:
6007:
5989:
5969:
5866:
5580:
5325:
5187:
5014:
4996:
4824:
4791:
4777:
4738:
4512:
4373:
4330:
4323:
4245:
4221:
4174:
4133:
4070:
4056:
3784:
3769:
3596:
3430:
3294:
3262:
3251:
3228:
3190:
3051:
3021:
2945:
2884:
2783:
2150:
2115:
1881:
1854:
1781:
1748:
1623:
1541:
1259:
1148:
1102:
952:
923:
912:
742:
493:
344:
337:
2261:
1562:
did, but maintained a unique physiology better suited to pursuit of fast, small prey.
998:
skull indicated that it was immature when it died and might even have been a juvenile
862:
845:
703:
6936:
6678:
6524:
6485:
6464:
6343:
6336:
6263:
6057:
6030:
5904:
5821:
5799:
5792:
5785:
5728:
5645:
5508:
5480:
5467:
5391:
5268:
5108:
4942:
4873:
4759:
4746:
4491:
4469:
4462:
4426:
4399:
4351:
4275:
4011:
3802:
3776:
3692:
3673:
3666:
3603:
3582:
3561:
3546:
3532:
3491:
3457:
3450:
3369:
3221:
3108:
3101:
3028:
2998:
2987:
2877:
2848:
2841:
2767:
2484:
2393:
2233:
1672:
1610:
1288:
1230:
1097:
979:
769:
633:
413:
80:
41:
2219:
2043:
6650:
6588:
6558:
6478:
6471:
6449:
6441:
6321:
6313:
6293:
6016:
5935:
5873:
5764:
5735:
5687:
5516:
5501:
5276:
5208:
5136:
5115:
5094:
4910:
4866:
4674:
4661:
4591:
4544:
4419:
4309:
4261:
4254:
4191:
4160:
4153:
4034:
3861:
3713:
3610:
3512:
3505:
3400:
3384:
3320:
3271:
3203:
2980:
2863:
2856:
2827:
2790:
2759:
2460:
1951:
1696:
1688:
1613:
1418:—whose remains have also been collected at the Tsagan Khushu locality, making them
801:
797:
431:
276:
2561:
2374:
2357:
2140:
2095:(2003). "Cranial anatomy of tyrannosaurids from the Late Cretaceous of Alberta".
1454:
did not use the "puncture-and-pull" feeding method used by larger genera such as
497:
indicates that it belongs to a distinct branch of tyrannosaurs, namely the tribe
6837:
6704:
6685:
6615:
6565:
6551:
6493:
6434:
6379:
6256:
6050:
5942:
5911:
5828:
5814:
5546:
5494:
5362:
5284:
5247:
5129:
5101:
5054:
4974:
4852:
4709:
4560:
4533:
4433:
4380:
4316:
4295:
4268:
4019:
3832:
3825:
3811:
3637:
3484:
3475:
3377:
3348:
3278:
3243:
3236:
3036:
3014:
3007:
2966:
2958:
2934:
2919:
2898:
2806:
2798:
2502:
2408:
2257:
2176:
2092:
1979:
1855:"A long-snouted, multihorned tyrannosaurid from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia"
1310:
1075:
956:. A 2004 study supported this result but suggested it was equally probable that
690:
would have reached greater lengths, but no confirmed adult specimens are known.
573:
55:
2548:
2424:
1958:(Second ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 111–136.
1859:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
1469:
17:
6643:
6572:
6517:
6138:
5953:
5771:
5757:
5742:
5694:
5628:
5554:
5376:
5369:
5355:
5261:
5194:
5122:
5086:
5039:
4981:
4967:
4934:
4926:
4919:
4900:
4723:
4688:
4476:
4077:
3868:
3818:
3755:
3726:
3681:
3659:
3652:
3644:
3568:
3464:
3423:
3416:
3408:
3392:
3312:
3183:
3059:
2912:
2775:
2634:
1709:
1680:
1648:
1574:
1175:
1134:
1036:
883:
754:
746:
565:
541:
498:
456:
445:
247:
205:
129:
100:
65:
6828:
2432:
1446:
Examinations of the skulls of various genera of tyrannosauroids suggest that
964:
altogether due to the only specimen's fragmentary nature. The description of
6664:
6657:
6357:
6350:
6023:
5616:
5334:
4880:
4784:
4519:
4104:
3989:
3976:
3903:
3839:
3762:
3741:
3498:
3361:
3169:
3156:
3074:
2926:
2745:
2732:
2695:
2604:
2568:
1871:
1692:
1529:
1481:
1419:
939:
931:
761:
together. These crests all measure more than 1 cm (0.39 in) tall.
629:
512:
218:
159:
105:
49:
2339:
2236:(1955). "New carnivorous dinosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia".
2159:
1921:
Récords y curiosidades de los dinosaurios Terópodos y otros dinosauromorfos
1890:
1790:
1609:
present in the fossil record indicate it was probably deposited during the
6854:
2534:
6822:
6248:
5673:
5666:
5638:
5531:
5031:
4412:
3748:
3575:
3336:
2973:
2652:
2628:
1699:
1656:
1582:
1578:
968:
in 2009 confirmed the placement of the genus within the Tyrannosaurinae.
902:
785:
553:
449:
419:
416:
192:
179:
95:
90:
75:
70:
60:
2463:(1991). "Late Mesozoic stratigraphy and vertebrates of the Gobi Basin".
1520:
and has a longer snout than any known juvenile of large tyrannosaurids (
1080:
824:
had 76 or 78 teeth, more than any other tyrannosaurid. The braincase of
511:
like all known theropods, and their sharp teeth indicate that they were
6880:
5806:
5568:
5298:
5201:
4526:
3847:
2330:
2303:
829:
817:
813:
110:
85:
1772:
792:
was long and slender, another possible juvenile characteristic. As in
6457:
6145:
3589:
2622:
2034:
683:
589:
529:
species are known only from juvenile or sub-adult remains. The genus
464:
169:
27:
Tyrannosaurid theropod dinosaur genus from the Late Cretaceous period
6799:
2288:
2013:
938:
could be further classified into the family Tyrannosauridae and the
5305:
5046:
4988:
2304:"A new clade of Asian Late Cretaceous long-snouted tyrannosaurids"
2025:
1825:
The Joint Soviet-Mongolian Paleontological Expedition Transactions
1818:"A new carnosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Nogon-Tsav, Mongolia"
1676:
1652:
1622:
1606:
1569:
1468:
1394:
1386:
1035:
897:
661:
651:
598:
540:
508:
441:
409:
6867:
6721:
5348:
1593:
The Beds of Nogon-Tsav are considered to be the same age as the
994:, although much lower. The long and low shape of the only known
678:
at 5.5 m (18 ft) and 500 kg (1,100 lb), and
569:
427:
6803:
6219:
5465:
4659:
3974:
3154:
2730:
2615:
2577:
709:(A) maxilla, (B) lacrimal, (C) dentary, and (D) jugal bones of
515:. Known specimens were smaller than other tyrannosaurids like
2573:
2212:
10.1671/0272-4634(2005)025[0119:ANGASO]2.0.CO;2
1986:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 434–455.
764:
At the back of the skull there is a protrusion, called the
525:, but their adult size is difficult to estimate since both
397:
391:
382:
379:
2454:
2452:
373:
1908:. New York: New York Academy of Sciences. p. 327.
1702:
were also potential prey for predators in the Nemegt.
776:, the nuchal crest is greatly thickened, similarly to
6777:
2407:
Rowe, Andre J.; Rayfield, Emily J. (September 2024).
1982:(2000). "Theropods from the Cretaceous of Mongolia".
990:
have a row of bumps on the nasal bones like those of
400:
370:
2012:
Brusatte, S. L.; Carr, T. D.; Norell, M. A. (2012).
1536:
possessed a rather elaborate cranial ornamentation.
612:, which means 'removed' in Latin. A second species,
388:
376:
306:
283:
137:
Skeleton mount at Texas A&M University-Commerce
6812:
6703:
6598:
6541:
6503:
6420:
6393:
6303:
6273:
6232:
6130:
6098:
6040:
6006:
5979:
5952:
5921:
5894:
5883:
5843:
5708:
5656:
5627:
5589:
5578:
5478:
5390:
5324:
5246:
5177:
5153:
5065:
5013:
4953:
4909:
4898:
4842:
4810:
4757:
4707:
4672:
4590:
4543:
4490:
4452:
4398:
4349:
4285:
4244:
4220:
4189:
4143:
4113:
4102:
3987:
3902:
3801:
3712:
3691:
3627:
3530:
3474:
3440:
3347:
3292:
3261:
3201:
3167:
3093:
3073:
2997:
2944:
2825:
2743:
2694:
2667:
394:
385:
800:of the lower jaw articulated with the rear of the
2385:20.500.11820/85571b5c-0e63-4caa-963a-f16a42514319
2171:
2169:
2057:
2055:
2053:
886:(bones of the upper foot), but the discovery of
828:was intermediate between the basal theropod and
485:was closely related to the contemporary species
2509:. San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 471–472.
1401:Brusatte and colleagues in 2009 indicated that
772:, a feature shared with all tyrannosaurids. In
2087:
2085:
2007:
2005:
2003:
1808:
1806:
1804:
1802:
1800:
2589:
2351:
2349:
1679:was similar to that of the Nemegt Formation,
8:
1473:Size comparison of three alioramin species (
745:and juveniles of larger tyrannosaurids. The
463:. These remains were named and described by
1984:The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia
1938:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1838:
812:, on each side. Including 16 or 17 in each
6800:
6509:
6426:
6401:
6285:
6281:
6240:
6229:
6216:
6127:
6095:
5927:
5891:
5851:
5720:
5716:
5601:
5597:
5586:
5486:
5475:
5462:
5253:
5243:
5159:
5071:
4959:
4906:
4816:
4769:
4765:
4715:
4680:
4669:
4656:
4587:
4496:
4404:
4357:
4226:
4201:
4197:
4125:
4121:
4110:
3995:
3984:
3971:
3899:
3718:
3709:
3538:
3353:
3304:
3300:
3213:
3209:
3175:
3164:
3151:
2950:
2833:
2751:
2740:
2727:
2673:
2664:
2612:
2596:
2582:
2574:
636:and hindlimbs. The name for this species,
548:skeletal diagram, known portions in yellow
128:
31:
2440:
2383:
2373:
2329:
2149:
2139:
2033:
1880:
1870:
1780:
1545:and its comparisons with both species of
982:in all other tyrannosaurids except adult
564:is a partial skull associated with three
430:. It currently contains two species. The
6988:Multispecific non-avian dinosaur genera
6784:
1739:
1430:and delicate snouts of alioramins like
882:is completely unknown except for three
1919:Molina-Pérez & Larramendi (2016).
796:, a ridge on the outer surface of the
1014:have the same tooth count as adults.
7:
1589:has been collected in area A (left)
1280:
1251:
1222:
1140:
1130:
1067:
1057:
1047:
1010:. Specimens identified as immature
408:; meaning 'different branch') is a
2362:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
2269:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
2200:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
784:. Like the rest of the skull, the
608:('branch'), and the specific name
25:
6953:Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of Asia
934:analysis published in 2003 found
749:bones at the tip of the snout in
455:, which was deposited in a humid
6787:
6762:
6756:
6749:
6201:
6194:
6187:
6181:
5447:
5440:
5435:
5428:
5422:
4641:
4634:
4627:
3956:
3949:
3942:
3935:
3137:
3131:
2547:
2533:
1906:Predatory Dinosaurs of the World
1728:Timeline of tyrannosaur research
1712:
1631:in the paleoenvironments of the
1397:diagram, known portions in white
1315:
1292:
1263:
1234:
1196:
1174:
1152:
1101:
1079:
861:
844:
717:
702:
366:
146:
2501:(1997). "Nemegt Formation". In
2126:(8). PLOS Collections: e23393.
1946:(2004). "Tyrannosauroidea". In
1923:. Spain: Larousse. p. 266.
1528:); and several well-documented
1695:would also have been present.
1:
6983:Taxa named by Sergei Kurzanov
6978:Fossil taxa described in 1976
2507:The Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs
2375:10.1080/02724634.2021.1999251
2181:Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
2097:Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
2072:Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
1484:performed on the holotype of
1025:and the two known species of
572:-Mongolian expedition to the
2485:10.1016/0195-6671(91)90015-5
2141:10.1371/journal.pone.0023393
1954:; Osmólska, Halszka (eds.).
1647:. Nemegt sediments preserve
1424:different feeding strategies
878:The rest of the skeleton of
491:. However, the discovery of
942:Tyrannosaurinae, alongside
588:was named and described by
471:in 1976. A second species,
7004:
2425:10.1016/j.isci.2024.110679
2239:Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR
1500:, and a five/six year-old
6746:
6512:
6429:
6404:
6288:
6284:
6243:
6228:
6215:
6179:
6126:
6094:
5930:
5854:
5723:
5719:
5604:
5600:
5489:
5474:
5461:
5420:
5256:
5242:
5162:
5074:
4962:
4819:
4772:
4768:
4718:
4683:
4668:
4655:
4624:
4586:
4499:
4407:
4360:
4229:
4204:
4200:
4128:
4124:
3998:
3983:
3970:
3932:
3898:
3721:
3541:
3356:
3307:
3303:
3216:
3212:
3178:
3163:
3150:
3128:
2953:
2836:
2754:
2739:
2726:
2676:
2663:
2611:
2562:3D holotype braincase of
2018:American Museum Novitates
1904:Paul, Gregory S. (1988).
1508:, which may suggest that
1307:
1285:
1278:
1256:
1249:
1227:
1220:
1189:
1167:
1145:
1138:
1128:
1094:
1072:
1065:
1055:
768:, arising from the fused
640:, is in reference to the
333:
326:
303:
298:
282:
275:
143:Scientific classification
141:
136:
127:
34:
1426:, avoiding competition.
440:is known from a partial
2505:; Kevin Padian (eds.).
1872:10.1073/pnas.0906911106
2459:Jerzykiewicz, Tomasz;
1683:theropods, as well as
1635:
1590:
1478:
1398:
1044:
909:
664:
549:
6915:Paleobiology Database
5155:Carcharodontosaurinae
5067:Carcharodontosauridae
2309:Nature Communications
1626:
1603:dated radiometrically
1581:fossil localities of
1573:
1482:Histological analyses
1472:
1390:
1039:
901:
724:Braincase complex of
655:
544:
6131:Dubious coelurosaurs
4844:Metriacanthosaurinae
4812:Metriacanthosauridae
3094:Dubious neotheropods
2544:at Wikimedia Commons
1948:Weishampel, David B.
1645:Djadochta Formations
1627:Life restoration of
1616:, at the end of the
836:Postcranial skeleton
537:History of discovery
6968:Fossils of Mongolia
5168:Carcharodontosaurus
4955:Carcharodontosauria
2477:1991CrRes..12..345J
2465:Cretaceous Research
2322:2014NatCo...5.3788L
2281:2003CaJES..40..651C
2132:2011PLoSO...623393B
1814:Kurzanov, Sergei M.
1765:2017NatSR...744942C
1017:The description of
597:, derived from the
479:Stephen L. Brusatte
448:recovered from the
6948:Maastrichtian life
6623:Archaeornithomimus
5144:Veterupristisaurus
5004:Veterupristisaurus
4860:Metriacanthosaurus
4800:Piatnitzkysauridae
4235:Eustreptospondylus
4145:Piatnitzkysauridae
4028:Chuandongocoelurus
2892:Notatesseraeraptor
2331:10.1038/ncomms4788
2064:Tarbosaurus bataar
1753:Scientific Reports
1636:
1599:geologic formation
1591:
1479:
1399:
1045:
910:
665:
550:
517:Tarbosaurus bataar
488:Tarbosaurus bataar
6930:
6929:
6902:Open Tree of Life
6806:Taxon identifiers
6775:
6774:
6771:
6770:
6744:
6743:
6740:
6739:
6736:
6735:
6732:
6731:
6699:
6698:
6695:
6694:
6505:Macrocheiriformes
6422:Ornithomimosauria
6396:Maniraptoriformes
6389:
6388:
6235:Maniraptoromorpha
6222:Maniraptoromorpha
6211:
6210:
6177:
6176:
6173:
6172:
6169:
6168:
6122:
6121:
6118:
6117:
6100:Maniraptoromorpha
6090:
6089:
6086:
6085:
6082:
6081:
6078:
6077:
6074:
6073:
5839:
5838:
5704:
5703:
5658:Proceratosauridae
5610:Chingkankousaurus
5457:
5456:
5418:
5417:
5414:
5413:
5410:
5409:
5386:
5385:
5238:
5237:
5234:
5233:
5230:
5229:
5226:
5225:
5222:
5221:
5218:
5217:
4894:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4651:
4650:
4622:
4621:
4618:
4617:
4614:
4613:
4610:
4609:
4582:
4581:
4578:
4577:
4574:
4573:
4570:
4569:
4486:
4485:
4442:Vallibonavenatrix
4345:
4344:
4341:
4340:
4185:
4184:
3966:
3965:
3930:
3929:
3926:
3925:
3922:
3921:
3894:
3893:
3890:
3889:
3886:
3885:
3882:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3526:
3525:
3522:
3521:
3288:
3287:
3146:
3145:
3126:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3069:
3068:
2722:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2538:Media related to
2516:978-0-12-226810-6
2503:Currie, Philip J.
2499:Osmólska, Halszka
2258:Currie, Philip J.
2234:Maleev, Evgeny A.
2177:Currie, Philip J.
2093:Currie, Philip J.
2068:Tyrannosaurus rex
1993:978-0-521-54582-2
1980:Currie, Philip J.
1965:978-0-520-24209-8
1773:10.1038/srep44942
1685:pachycephalosaurs
1374:
1373:
1365:
1364:
1356:
1355:
1347:
1346:
1338:
1337:
1329:
1328:
1209:
1208:
1193:Alioramus remotus
1114:
1113:
996:Alioramus remotus
880:Alioramus remotus
816:, and 18 in each
751:Alioramus remotus
668:Alioramus remotus
522:Tyrannosaurus rex
461:million years ago
357:
356:
351:
288:Alioramus remotus
271:
16:(Redirected from
6995:
6963:Fossils of China
6958:Cretaceous China
6923:
6922:
6910:
6909:
6897:
6896:
6884:
6883:
6871:
6870:
6858:
6857:
6848:
6847:
6846:
6833:
6832:
6831:
6801:
6792:
6791:
6790:
6783:
6766:
6760:
6753:
6609:Aepyornithomimus
6510:
6427:
6402:
6366:Sinocalliopteryx
6286:
6282:
6276:Neocoelurosauria
6241:
6230:
6217:
6205:
6198:
6191:
6185:
6128:
6096:
6065:Zhuchengtyrannus
5997:Thanatotheristes
5928:
5892:
5860:Appalachiosaurus
5852:
5721:
5717:
5711:Pantyrannosauria
5602:
5598:
5592:Tyrannosauroidea
5587:
5562:Xinjiangovenator
5487:
5476:
5463:
5451:
5444:
5439:
5432:
5426:
5254:
5244:
5160:
5080:Acrocanthosaurus
5072:
4960:
4907:
4833:Yangchuanosaurus
4817:
4770:
4766:
4716:
4697:Lourinhanosaurus
4681:
4670:
4657:
4645:
4638:
4631:
4588:
4554:Sigilmassasaurus
4497:
4454:Ceratosuchopsini
4405:
4358:
4303:Dubreuillosaurus
4227:
4210:Streptospondylus
4202:
4198:
4168:Piatnitzkysaurus
4126:
4122:
4111:
3996:
3985:
3972:
3960:
3953:
3946:
3939:
3900:
3735:Ekrixinatosaurus
3719:
3710:
3539:
3354:
3305:
3301:
3214:
3210:
3176:
3165:
3152:
3141:
3135:
3045:Procompsognathus
2951:
2834:
2752:
2741:
2728:
2674:
2665:
2658:
2657:
2613:
2598:
2591:
2584:
2575:
2552:Data related to
2551:
2537:
2521:
2520:
2495:
2489:
2488:
2461:Russell, Dale A.
2456:
2447:
2446:
2444:
2404:
2398:
2397:
2387:
2377:
2353:
2344:
2343:
2333:
2299:
2293:
2292:
2266:
2254:
2248:
2247:
2230:
2224:
2223:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2173:
2164:
2163:
2153:
2143:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2089:
2080:
2079:
2059:
2048:
2047:
2037:
2009:
1998:
1997:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1944:Holtz, Thomas R.
1940:
1925:
1924:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1884:
1874:
1850:
1833:
1832:
1822:
1810:
1795:
1794:
1784:
1744:
1722:
1720:Dinosaurs portal
1717:
1716:
1715:
1669:ornithomimosaurs
1633:Nemegt Formation
1595:Nemegt Formation
1566:Paleoenvironment
1539:Examinations of
1320:
1319:
1296:
1281:
1267:
1252:
1238:
1223:
1200:
1178:
1156:
1141:
1131:
1105:
1083:
1068:
1058:
1048:
903:Life restoration
865:
848:
721:
706:
660:compared with a
582:Nemegt Formation
453:Nemegt Formation
407:
406:
403:
402:
399:
396:
393:
390:
387:
384:
381:
378:
375:
372:
343:
320:
308:
285:
266:
259:
246:
230:
151:
150:
132:
122:
52:
40:Temporal range:
32:
21:
7003:
7002:
6998:
6997:
6996:
6994:
6993:
6992:
6933:
6932:
6931:
6926:
6918:
6913:
6905:
6900:
6892:
6887:
6879:
6874:
6866:
6861:
6853:
6851:
6842:
6841:
6836:
6827:
6826:
6821:
6808:
6798:
6788:
6786:
6778:
6776:
6767:
6754:
6728:
6691:
6672:Sinornithomimus
6594:
6537:
6499:
6416:
6410:Compsognathidae
6398:
6385:
6373:Sinosauropteryx
6305:Compsognathidae
6299:
6278:
6269:
6237:
6224:
6207:
6206:
6192:
6165:
6160:Shanyangosaurus
6153:Phaedrolosaurus
6114:
6070:
6036:
6002:
5981:Daspletosaurini
5975:
5948:
5923:Tyrannosaurinae
5917:
5896:Albertosaurinae
5888:
5886:Tyrannosauridae
5879:
5848:
5846:Eutyrannosauria
5835:
5713:
5700:
5681:Proceratosaurus
5652:
5623:
5594:
5583:
5574:
5540:Richardoestesia
5524:Chilantaisaurus
5483:
5470:
5453:
5452:
5433:
5406:
5382:
5342:Australovenator
5320:
5314:Chilantaisaurus
5292:Phuwiangvenator
5214:
5179:Giganotosaurini
5173:
5149:
5061:
5024:Chilantaisaurus
5009:
4949:
4903:
4886:
4838:
4806:
4762:
4753:
4731:Monolophosaurus
4712:
4703:
4677:
4664:
4647:
4646:
4632:
4606:
4566:
4539:
4505:Camarillasaurus
4482:
4448:
4394:
4388:Ostafrikasaurus
4366:Camarillasaurus
4354:
4337:
4287:Afrovenatorinae
4281:
4240:
4216:
4194:
4181:
4139:
4118:
4116:Megalosauroidea
4107:
4098:
4093:Vectaerovenator
4086:Szechuanosaurus
4064:Monolophosaurus
4050:Kaijiangosaurus
4043:Cryolophosaurus
4004:Calamospondylus
3992:
3979:
3962:
3961:
3954:
3947:
3940:
3918:
3874:
3855:Pycnonemosaurus
3797:
3708:
3702:Majungasaurinae
3687:
3629:Majungasaurinae
3623:
3618:Xenotarsosaurus
3554:Dryptosauroides
3535:
3518:
3470:
3442:Elaphrosaurinae
3436:
3343:
3329:Ornithomimoides
3297:
3284:
3257:
3206:
3197:
3172:
3159:
3142:
3136:
3114:
3089:
3065:
2993:
2940:
2906:Shuangbaisaurus
2830:
2821:
2748:
2735:
2710:
2690:
2684:Avemetatarsalia
2669:Avemetatarsalia
2659:
2644:Avemetatarsalia
2618:
2617:
2607:
2602:
2530:
2525:
2524:
2517:
2497:
2496:
2492:
2458:
2457:
2450:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2368:(4): e1999251.
2355:
2354:
2347:
2301:
2300:
2296:
2289:10.1139/e02-083
2264:
2256:
2255:
2251:
2232:
2231:
2227:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2175:
2174:
2167:
2113:
2112:
2108:
2091:
2090:
2083:
2061:
2060:
2051:
2011:
2010:
2001:
1994:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1966:
1942:
1941:
1928:
1918:
1917:
1913:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1865:(41): 17261–6.
1852:
1851:
1836:
1820:
1812:
1811:
1798:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1736:
1718:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1618:Late Cretaceous
1601:has never been
1568:
1467:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1366:
1357:
1348:
1339:
1330:
1314:
1210:
1171:Alioramus altai
1125:Tyrannosaurinae
1115:
1062:Albertosaurinae
1052:Tyrannosauridae
1040:Restoration of
913:Paleontologists
896:
876:
875:
874:
873:
872:
866:
857:
856:
855:
849:
838:
743:tyrannosauroids
732:
731:
730:
729:
728:
722:
714:
713:
707:
696:
650:
642:Altai Mountains
539:
469:Sergei Kurzanov
467:paleontologist
424:Late Cretaceous
369:
365:
342:
314:
294:
291:
265:
257:
244:
232:Tyrannosauridae
228:
145:
123:
121:
120:
119:
118:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
47:
46:
44:
38:
28:
23:
22:
18:Alioramus altai
15:
12:
11:
5:
7001:
6999:
6991:
6990:
6985:
6980:
6975:
6970:
6965:
6960:
6955:
6950:
6945:
6943:Tyrannosaurids
6935:
6934:
6928:
6927:
6925:
6924:
6911:
6898:
6885:
6872:
6859:
6849:
6834:
6818:
6816:
6810:
6809:
6804:
6797:
6796:
6773:
6772:
6769:
6768:
6748:
6747:
6745:
6742:
6741:
6738:
6737:
6734:
6733:
6730:
6729:
6727:
6726:
6725:
6724:
6718:
6709:
6707:
6701:
6700:
6697:
6696:
6693:
6692:
6690:
6689:
6682:
6675:
6668:
6661:
6654:
6647:
6640:
6637:Dromiceiomimus
6633:
6626:
6619:
6612:
6604:
6602:
6600:Ornithomimidae
6596:
6595:
6593:
6592:
6585:
6581:Paraxenisaurus
6577:
6569:
6562:
6555:
6547:
6545:
6543:Deinocheiridae
6539:
6538:
6536:
6535:
6532:Shenzhousaurus
6528:
6521:
6513:
6507:
6501:
6500:
6498:
6497:
6490:
6482:
6475:
6468:
6461:
6454:
6446:
6438:
6430:
6424:
6418:
6417:
6415:
6414:
6405:
6399:
6394:
6391:
6390:
6387:
6386:
6384:
6383:
6376:
6369:
6362:
6354:
6347:
6340:
6333:
6329:Beipiaognathus
6325:
6318:
6309:
6307:
6301:
6300:
6298:
6297:
6289:
6279:
6274:
6271:
6270:
6268:
6267:
6260:
6253:
6244:
6238:
6233:
6226:
6225:
6220:
6213:
6212:
6209:
6208:
6200:
6186:
6180:
6178:
6175:
6174:
6171:
6170:
6167:
6166:
6164:
6163:
6156:
6149:
6142:
6134:
6132:
6124:
6123:
6120:
6119:
6116:
6115:
6113:
6112:
6111:
6110:
6104:
6102:
6092:
6091:
6088:
6087:
6084:
6083:
6080:
6079:
6076:
6075:
6072:
6071:
6069:
6068:
6061:
6054:
6046:
6044:
6042:Tyrannosaurini
6038:
6037:
6035:
6034:
6027:
6020:
6012:
6010:
6008:Teratophoneini
6004:
6003:
6001:
6000:
5993:
5990:Daspletosaurus
5985:
5983:
5977:
5976:
5974:
5973:
5970:Qianzhousaurus
5966:
5958:
5956:
5950:
5949:
5947:
5946:
5939:
5931:
5925:
5919:
5918:
5916:
5915:
5908:
5900:
5898:
5889:
5884:
5881:
5880:
5878:
5877:
5870:
5867:Bistahieversor
5863:
5855:
5849:
5844:
5841:
5840:
5837:
5836:
5834:
5833:
5825:
5818:
5811:
5803:
5796:
5789:
5782:
5775:
5768:
5761:
5754:
5747:
5739:
5732:
5724:
5714:
5709:
5706:
5705:
5702:
5701:
5699:
5698:
5691:
5684:
5677:
5670:
5662:
5660:
5654:
5653:
5651:
5650:
5642:
5634:
5632:
5625:
5624:
5622:
5621:
5613:
5605:
5595:
5590:
5584:
5581:Tyrannoraptora
5579:
5576:
5575:
5573:
5572:
5565:
5558:
5551:
5543:
5536:
5528:
5520:
5513:
5505:
5498:
5490:
5484:
5479:
5472:
5471:
5466:
5459:
5458:
5455:
5454:
5446:
5427:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5415:
5412:
5411:
5408:
5407:
5405:
5404:
5403:
5402:
5396:
5394:
5388:
5387:
5384:
5383:
5381:
5380:
5373:
5366:
5359:
5352:
5345:
5338:
5330:
5328:
5326:Megaraptoridae
5322:
5321:
5319:
5318:
5310:
5302:
5295:
5288:
5281:
5273:
5265:
5257:
5251:
5240:
5239:
5236:
5235:
5232:
5231:
5228:
5227:
5224:
5223:
5220:
5219:
5216:
5215:
5213:
5212:
5205:
5198:
5191:
5188:Giganotosaurus
5183:
5181:
5175:
5174:
5172:
5171:
5163:
5157:
5151:
5150:
5148:
5147:
5140:
5133:
5126:
5119:
5112:
5105:
5098:
5091:
5083:
5075:
5069:
5063:
5062:
5060:
5059:
5051:
5043:
5036:
5028:
5019:
5017:
5015:Neovenatoridae
5011:
5010:
5008:
5007:
5000:
4997:Ulughbegsaurus
4993:
4985:
4978:
4971:
4963:
4957:
4951:
4950:
4948:
4947:
4939:
4931:
4923:
4915:
4913:
4904:
4899:
4896:
4895:
4892:
4891:
4888:
4887:
4885:
4884:
4877:
4870:
4863:
4856:
4848:
4846:
4840:
4839:
4837:
4836:
4829:
4825:Xuanhanosaurus
4820:
4814:
4808:
4807:
4805:
4804:
4796:
4792:Xuanhanosaurus
4788:
4781:
4778:Asfaltovenator
4773:
4763:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4752:
4751:
4743:
4739:Megalosauridae
4735:
4727:
4719:
4713:
4708:
4705:
4704:
4702:
4701:
4693:
4684:
4678:
4673:
4666:
4665:
4660:
4653:
4652:
4649:
4648:
4640:
4626:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4619:
4616:
4615:
4612:
4611:
4608:
4607:
4605:
4604:
4603:
4602:
4596:
4594:
4584:
4583:
4580:
4579:
4576:
4575:
4572:
4571:
4568:
4567:
4565:
4564:
4557:
4549:
4547:
4541:
4540:
4538:
4537:
4530:
4523:
4516:
4513:Ichthyovenator
4509:
4500:
4494:
4488:
4487:
4484:
4483:
4481:
4480:
4473:
4466:
4458:
4456:
4450:
4449:
4447:
4446:
4438:
4430:
4423:
4416:
4408:
4402:
4396:
4395:
4393:
4392:
4384:
4377:
4374:Cristatusaurus
4370:
4361:
4355:
4350:
4347:
4346:
4343:
4342:
4339:
4338:
4336:
4335:
4331:Poekilopleuron
4327:
4324:Piveteausaurus
4320:
4313:
4306:
4299:
4291:
4289:
4283:
4282:
4280:
4279:
4272:
4265:
4258:
4250:
4248:
4246:Megalosaurinae
4242:
4241:
4239:
4238:
4230:
4224:
4222:Megalosauridae
4218:
4217:
4215:
4214:
4205:
4195:
4190:
4187:
4186:
4183:
4182:
4180:
4179:
4175:Xuanhanosaurus
4171:
4164:
4157:
4149:
4147:
4141:
4140:
4138:
4137:
4134:Yunyangosaurus
4129:
4119:
4114:
4108:
4103:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4096:
4089:
4082:
4074:
4071:Pandoravenator
4067:
4060:
4057:Kayentavenator
4053:
4046:
4039:
4031:
4024:
4016:
4008:
3999:
3993:
3988:
3981:
3980:
3975:
3968:
3967:
3964:
3963:
3955:
3948:
3941:
3934:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3924:
3923:
3920:
3919:
3917:
3916:
3915:
3914:
3908:
3906:
3896:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3880:
3879:
3876:
3875:
3873:
3872:
3865:
3858:
3851:
3844:
3836:
3829:
3822:
3815:
3807:
3805:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3795:
3788:
3785:Skorpiovenator
3781:
3773:
3766:
3759:
3752:
3745:
3738:
3731:
3722:
3716:
3707:
3706:
3697:
3695:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3685:
3678:
3670:
3663:
3656:
3649:
3641:
3633:
3631:
3625:
3624:
3622:
3621:
3614:
3607:
3600:
3597:Spectrovenator
3593:
3586:
3579:
3572:
3565:
3558:
3550:
3542:
3536:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3524:
3523:
3520:
3519:
3517:
3516:
3509:
3502:
3495:
3488:
3480:
3478:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3468:
3461:
3454:
3446:
3444:
3438:
3437:
3435:
3434:
3431:Spinostropheus
3427:
3420:
3413:
3405:
3397:
3389:
3381:
3374:
3366:
3357:
3351:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3341:
3333:
3325:
3317:
3308:
3298:
3295:Abelisauroidea
3293:
3290:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3282:
3275:
3267:
3265:
3263:Ceratosauridae
3259:
3258:
3256:
3255:
3252:Saltriovenator
3248:
3240:
3233:
3229:Fosterovenator
3225:
3217:
3207:
3202:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3195:
3191:Lophostropheus
3187:
3179:
3173:
3168:
3161:
3160:
3155:
3148:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3130:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3123:
3120:
3119:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3112:
3105:
3097:
3095:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3086:
3085:
3079:
3077:
3071:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3063:
3056:
3052:Pterospondylus
3048:
3041:
3033:
3025:
3022:Lucianovenator
3018:
3011:
3003:
3001:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2991:
2984:
2977:
2970:
2963:
2954:
2948:
2946:Coelophysoidea
2942:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2931:
2923:
2916:
2909:
2902:
2895:
2888:
2885:Lophostropheus
2881:
2874:
2867:
2860:
2853:
2845:
2837:
2831:
2826:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2811:
2803:
2795:
2787:
2784:Erythrovenator
2780:
2772:
2764:
2755:
2749:
2744:
2737:
2736:
2731:
2724:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2700:
2698:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2688:
2687:
2686:
2677:
2671:
2661:
2660:
2656:
2655:
2646:
2637:
2631:
2625:
2616:
2609:
2608:
2603:
2601:
2600:
2593:
2586:
2578:
2572:
2571:
2559:
2558:at Wikispecies
2545:
2529:
2528:External links
2526:
2523:
2522:
2515:
2490:
2471:(4): 345–377.
2448:
2399:
2345:
2316:(3788): 3788.
2294:
2275:(4): 651–665.
2249:
2242:(in Russian).
2225:
2206:(1): 119–143.
2190:
2165:
2106:
2081:
2049:
2020:(366): 1−197.
1999:
1992:
1971:
1964:
1956:The Dinosauria
1926:
1911:
1896:
1834:
1827:(in Russian).
1796:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1724:
1723:
1707:
1704:
1673:therizinosaurs
1567:
1564:
1551:Qianzhousaurus
1542:Qianzhousaurus
1502:Daspletosaurus
1466:
1463:
1460:Tyrannosaurus.
1452:Qianzhousaurus
1436:Qianzhousaurus
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1372:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1363:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1354:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1284:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1260:Daspletosaurus
1255:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1226:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1206:
1203:
1202:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1149:Qianzhousaurus
1144:
1139:
1137:
1129:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1071:
1066:
1064:
1056:
1054:
1046:
1019:Qianzhousaurus
984:Daspletosaurus
980:lacrimal bones
953:Daspletosaurus
895:
894:Classification
892:
867:
860:
859:
858:
851:Femur head of
850:
843:
842:
841:
840:
839:
837:
834:
770:parietal bones
723:
716:
715:
708:
701:
700:
699:
698:
697:
695:
692:
649:
646:
628:—with partial
604:('other') and
538:
535:
494:Qianzhousaurus
459:about 70
355:
354:
353:
352:
338:Qianzhousaurus
331:
330:
324:
323:
322:
321:
301:
300:
299:Other species
296:
295:
292:
280:
279:
273:
272:
255:
251:
250:
242:
235:
234:
226:
222:
221:
216:
209:
208:
203:
196:
195:
190:
183:
182:
177:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
157:
153:
152:
139:
138:
134:
133:
125:
124:
116:
115:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
53:
39:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7000:
6989:
6986:
6984:
6981:
6979:
6976:
6974:
6971:
6969:
6966:
6964:
6961:
6959:
6956:
6954:
6951:
6949:
6946:
6944:
6941:
6940:
6938:
6921:
6916:
6912:
6908:
6903:
6899:
6895:
6890:
6886:
6882:
6877:
6873:
6869:
6864:
6860:
6856:
6850:
6845:
6839:
6835:
6830:
6824:
6820:
6819:
6817:
6815:
6811:
6807:
6802:
6795:
6785:
6781:
6765:
6761:
6759:
6752:
6723:
6719:
6717:
6713:
6712:
6711:
6710:
6708:
6706:
6702:
6688:
6687:
6683:
6681:
6680:
6679:Struthiomimus
6676:
6674:
6673:
6669:
6667:
6666:
6662:
6660:
6659:
6655:
6653:
6652:
6648:
6646:
6645:
6641:
6639:
6638:
6634:
6632:
6631:
6630:"Coelosaurus"
6627:
6625:
6624:
6620:
6618:
6617:
6613:
6611:
6610:
6606:
6605:
6603:
6601:
6597:
6591:
6590:
6586:
6583:
6582:
6578:
6575:
6574:
6570:
6568:
6567:
6563:
6561:
6560:
6556:
6554:
6553:
6549:
6548:
6546:
6544:
6540:
6534:
6533:
6529:
6527:
6526:
6525:Pelecanimimus
6522:
6520:
6519:
6515:
6514:
6511:
6508:
6506:
6502:
6496:
6495:
6491:
6488:
6487:
6486:Thecocoelurus
6483:
6481:
6480:
6476:
6474:
6473:
6469:
6467:
6466:
6465:Kinnareemimus
6462:
6460:
6459:
6455:
6452:
6451:
6447:
6444:
6443:
6439:
6437:
6436:
6432:
6431:
6428:
6425:
6423:
6419:
6412:
6411:
6407:
6406:
6403:
6400:
6397:
6392:
6382:
6381:
6377:
6375:
6374:
6370:
6368:
6367:
6363:
6360:
6359:
6355:
6353:
6352:
6348:
6346:
6345:
6344:Huaxiagnathus
6341:
6339:
6338:
6337:Compsognathus
6334:
6331:
6330:
6326:
6324:
6323:
6319:
6316:
6315:
6311:
6310:
6308:
6306:
6302:
6296:
6295:
6291:
6290:
6287:
6283:
6280:
6277:
6272:
6266:
6265:
6264:Ornitholestes
6261:
6259:
6258:
6254:
6251:
6250:
6246:
6245:
6242:
6239:
6236:
6231:
6227:
6223:
6218:
6214:
6204:
6199:
6197:
6190:
6184:
6162:
6161:
6157:
6155:
6154:
6150:
6148:
6147:
6143:
6141:
6140:
6136:
6135:
6133:
6129:
6125:
6108:
6107:
6106:
6105:
6103:
6101:
6097:
6093:
6067:
6066:
6062:
6060:
6059:
6058:Tyrannosaurus
6055:
6053:
6052:
6048:
6047:
6045:
6043:
6039:
6033:
6032:
6031:Teratophoneus
6028:
6026:
6025:
6021:
6019:
6018:
6014:
6013:
6011:
6009:
6005:
5999:
5998:
5994:
5992:
5991:
5987:
5986:
5984:
5982:
5978:
5972:
5971:
5967:
5965:
5964:
5960:
5959:
5957:
5955:
5951:
5945:
5944:
5940:
5938:
5937:
5933:
5932:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5920:
5914:
5913:
5909:
5907:
5906:
5905:Albertosaurus
5902:
5901:
5899:
5897:
5893:
5890:
5887:
5882:
5876:
5875:
5871:
5869:
5868:
5864:
5862:
5861:
5857:
5856:
5853:
5850:
5847:
5842:
5831:
5830:
5826:
5824:
5823:
5822:Xiongguanlong
5819:
5817:
5816:
5812:
5809:
5808:
5804:
5802:
5801:
5800:Suskityrannus
5797:
5795:
5794:
5793:Stokesosaurus
5790:
5788:
5787:
5786:Santanaraptor
5783:
5781:
5780:
5776:
5774:
5773:
5769:
5767:
5766:
5762:
5760:
5759:
5755:
5753:
5752:
5748:
5745:
5744:
5740:
5738:
5737:
5733:
5731:
5730:
5729:Alectrosaurus
5726:
5725:
5722:
5718:
5715:
5712:
5707:
5697:
5696:
5692:
5690:
5689:
5685:
5683:
5682:
5678:
5676:
5675:
5671:
5669:
5668:
5664:
5663:
5661:
5659:
5655:
5648:
5647:
5646:Tanycolagreus
5643:
5641:
5640:
5636:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5626:
5619:
5618:
5614:
5612:
5611:
5607:
5606:
5603:
5599:
5596:
5593:
5588:
5585:
5582:
5577:
5571:
5570:
5566:
5564:
5563:
5559:
5557:
5556:
5552:
5549:
5548:
5544:
5542:
5541:
5537:
5534:
5533:
5529:
5526:
5525:
5521:
5519:
5518:
5514:
5511:
5510:
5509:Bahariasaurus
5506:
5504:
5503:
5499:
5497:
5496:
5492:
5491:
5488:
5485:
5482:
5481:Coelurosauria
5477:
5473:
5469:
5468:Coelurosauria
5464:
5460:
5450:
5445:
5443:
5438:
5431:
5425:
5400:
5399:
5398:
5397:
5395:
5393:
5392:Coelurosauria
5389:
5379:
5378:
5374:
5372:
5371:
5367:
5365:
5364:
5360:
5358:
5357:
5353:
5351:
5350:
5346:
5344:
5343:
5339:
5337:
5336:
5332:
5331:
5329:
5327:
5323:
5317:
5315:
5311:
5309:
5307:
5303:
5301:
5300:
5296:
5294:
5293:
5289:
5287:
5286:
5282:
5279:
5278:
5274:
5271:
5270:
5269:Bahariasaurus
5266:
5264:
5263:
5259:
5258:
5255:
5252:
5249:
5245:
5241:
5211:
5210:
5206:
5204:
5203:
5199:
5197:
5196:
5192:
5190:
5189:
5185:
5184:
5182:
5180:
5176:
5170:
5169:
5165:
5164:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5152:
5146:
5145:
5141:
5139:
5138:
5134:
5132:
5131:
5127:
5125:
5124:
5120:
5118:
5117:
5113:
5111:
5110:
5109:Kelmayisaurus
5106:
5104:
5103:
5099:
5097:
5096:
5092:
5089:
5088:
5084:
5082:
5081:
5077:
5076:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5064:
5057:
5056:
5052:
5049:
5048:
5044:
5042:
5041:
5037:
5034:
5033:
5029:
5026:
5025:
5021:
5020:
5018:
5016:
5012:
5006:
5005:
5001:
4999:
4998:
4994:
4991:
4990:
4986:
4984:
4983:
4979:
4977:
4976:
4972:
4970:
4969:
4965:
4964:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4952:
4945:
4944:
4943:Saurophaganax
4940:
4937:
4936:
4932:
4929:
4928:
4924:
4922:
4921:
4917:
4916:
4914:
4912:
4908:
4905:
4902:
4897:
4883:
4882:
4878:
4876:
4875:
4874:Siamotyrannus
4871:
4869:
4868:
4864:
4862:
4861:
4857:
4855:
4854:
4850:
4849:
4847:
4845:
4841:
4835:
4834:
4830:
4827:
4826:
4822:
4821:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4809:
4802:
4801:
4797:
4794:
4793:
4789:
4787:
4786:
4782:
4780:
4779:
4775:
4774:
4771:
4767:
4764:
4761:
4760:Allosauroidea
4756:
4749:
4748:
4747:Spinosauridae
4744:
4741:
4740:
4736:
4733:
4732:
4728:
4726:
4725:
4721:
4720:
4717:
4714:
4711:
4706:
4699:
4698:
4694:
4691:
4690:
4686:
4685:
4682:
4679:
4676:
4671:
4667:
4663:
4658:
4654:
4644:
4639:
4637:
4630:
4600:
4599:
4598:
4597:
4595:
4593:
4589:
4585:
4563:
4562:
4558:
4556:
4555:
4551:
4550:
4548:
4546:
4542:
4536:
4535:
4531:
4529:
4528:
4524:
4522:
4521:
4517:
4515:
4514:
4510:
4507:
4506:
4502:
4501:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4492:Spinosaurinae
4489:
4479:
4478:
4474:
4472:
4471:
4470:Riparovenator
4467:
4465:
4464:
4463:Ceratosuchops
4460:
4459:
4457:
4455:
4451:
4444:
4443:
4439:
4436:
4435:
4431:
4429:
4428:
4427:Riojavenatrix
4424:
4422:
4421:
4417:
4415:
4414:
4410:
4409:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4400:Baryonychinae
4397:
4390:
4389:
4385:
4383:
4382:
4378:
4376:
4375:
4371:
4368:
4367:
4363:
4362:
4359:
4356:
4353:
4352:Spinosauridae
4348:
4333:
4332:
4328:
4326:
4325:
4321:
4319:
4318:
4314:
4312:
4311:
4307:
4305:
4304:
4300:
4298:
4297:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4288:
4284:
4278:
4277:
4276:Wiehenvenator
4273:
4271:
4270:
4266:
4264:
4263:
4259:
4257:
4256:
4252:
4251:
4249:
4247:
4243:
4237:
4236:
4232:
4231:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4219:
4212:
4211:
4207:
4206:
4203:
4199:
4196:
4193:
4188:
4177:
4176:
4172:
4170:
4169:
4165:
4163:
4162:
4158:
4156:
4155:
4151:
4150:
4148:
4146:
4142:
4136:
4135:
4131:
4130:
4127:
4123:
4120:
4117:
4112:
4109:
4106:
4101:
4095:
4094:
4090:
4088:
4087:
4083:
4080:
4079:
4075:
4073:
4072:
4068:
4066:
4065:
4061:
4059:
4058:
4054:
4052:
4051:
4047:
4045:
4044:
4040:
4037:
4036:
4032:
4030:
4029:
4025:
4022:
4021:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4012:Chienkosaurus
4009:
4006:
4005:
4001:
4000:
3997:
3994:
3991:
3986:
3982:
3978:
3973:
3969:
3959:
3952:
3945:
3938:
3912:
3911:
3910:
3909:
3907:
3905:
3901:
3897:
3871:
3870:
3866:
3864:
3863:
3859:
3857:
3856:
3852:
3850:
3849:
3845:
3842:
3841:
3837:
3835:
3834:
3830:
3828:
3827:
3823:
3821:
3820:
3816:
3814:
3813:
3809:
3808:
3806:
3804:
3803:Furileusauria
3800:
3794:
3793:
3789:
3787:
3786:
3782:
3779:
3778:
3777:Rahiolisaurus
3774:
3772:
3771:
3767:
3765:
3764:
3760:
3758:
3757:
3753:
3751:
3750:
3746:
3744:
3743:
3739:
3737:
3736:
3732:
3729:
3728:
3724:
3723:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3711:
3704:
3703:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3694:
3693:Carnotaurinae
3690:
3684:
3683:
3679:
3676:
3675:
3674:Rahiolisaurus
3671:
3669:
3668:
3667:Majungasaurus
3664:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3655:
3654:
3650:
3647:
3646:
3642:
3640:
3639:
3635:
3634:
3632:
3630:
3626:
3620:
3619:
3615:
3613:
3612:
3608:
3606:
3605:
3604:Tarascosaurus
3601:
3599:
3598:
3594:
3592:
3591:
3587:
3585:
3584:
3580:
3578:
3577:
3573:
3571:
3570:
3566:
3564:
3563:
3562:Eoabelisaurus
3559:
3556:
3555:
3551:
3549:
3548:
3547:Chenanisaurus
3544:
3543:
3540:
3537:
3534:
3533:Abelisauridae
3529:
3515:
3514:
3510:
3508:
3507:
3503:
3501:
3500:
3496:
3494:
3493:
3492:Masiakasaurus
3489:
3487:
3486:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3477:
3473:
3467:
3466:
3462:
3460:
3459:
3458:Huinculsaurus
3455:
3453:
3452:
3451:Elaphrosaurus
3448:
3447:
3445:
3443:
3439:
3433:
3432:
3428:
3426:
3425:
3421:
3419:
3418:
3414:
3411:
3410:
3406:
3403:
3402:
3398:
3395:
3394:
3390:
3387:
3386:
3382:
3380:
3379:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3370:Austrocheirus
3367:
3364:
3363:
3359:
3358:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3346:
3339:
3338:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3318:
3315:
3314:
3310:
3309:
3306:
3302:
3299:
3296:
3291:
3281:
3280:
3276:
3274:
3273:
3269:
3268:
3266:
3264:
3260:
3254:
3253:
3249:
3246:
3245:
3241:
3239:
3238:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3226:
3224:
3223:
3222:Berberosaurus
3219:
3218:
3215:
3211:
3208:
3205:
3200:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3186:
3185:
3181:
3180:
3177:
3174:
3171:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3153:
3149:
3140:
3134:
3111:
3110:
3109:Halticosaurus
3106:
3104:
3103:
3102:Teinurosaurus
3099:
3098:
3096:
3092:
3083:
3082:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3076:
3072:
3062:
3061:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3049:
3047:
3046:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3029:Megapnosaurus
3026:
3024:
3023:
3019:
3017:
3016:
3012:
3010:
3009:
3005:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2999:Coelophysidae
2996:
2990:
2989:
2988:Powellvenator
2985:
2983:
2982:
2978:
2976:
2975:
2971:
2969:
2968:
2964:
2961:
2960:
2956:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2943:
2937:
2936:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2924:
2922:
2921:
2917:
2915:
2914:
2910:
2908:
2907:
2903:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2887:
2886:
2882:
2880:
2879:
2878:Liliensternus
2875:
2873:
2872:
2868:
2866:
2865:
2861:
2859:
2858:
2854:
2851:
2850:
2849:Dolichosuchus
2846:
2844:
2843:
2842:Dilophosaurus
2839:
2838:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2824:
2817:
2816:
2815:Herrerasauria
2812:
2809:
2808:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2768:Daemonosaurus
2765:
2762:
2761:
2757:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2747:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2729:
2725:
2704:
2703:
2702:
2701:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2685:
2681:
2680:
2679:
2678:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2654:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2632:
2630:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2599:
2594:
2592:
2587:
2585:
2580:
2579:
2576:
2570:
2566:
2565:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2550:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2536:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2518:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2494:
2491:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2455:
2453:
2449:
2443:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2419:(9): 110679.
2418:
2414:
2410:
2403:
2400:
2395:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2352:
2350:
2346:
2341:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2310:
2305:
2298:
2295:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2263:
2259:
2253:
2250:
2246:(5): 779–783.
2245:
2241:
2240:
2235:
2229:
2226:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2194:
2191:
2187:(2): 227–234.
2186:
2182:
2178:
2172:
2170:
2166:
2161:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2110:
2107:
2103:(2): 191–226.
2102:
2098:
2094:
2088:
2086:
2082:
2078:(2): 161–190.
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2045:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2027:
2026:10.1206/770.1
2023:
2019:
2015:
2008:
2006:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1975:
1972:
1967:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1952:Dodson, Peter
1949:
1945:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1927:
1922:
1915:
1912:
1907:
1900:
1897:
1892:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1841:
1839:
1835:
1830:
1826:
1819:
1815:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1801:
1797:
1792:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1743:
1740:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1710:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1697:Titanosaurian
1694:
1690:
1689:ankylosaurids
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1657:soil deposits
1655:channels and
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1634:
1630:
1625:
1621:
1619:
1615:
1612:
1611:Maastrichtian
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1560:Tyrannosaurus
1557:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1543:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1522:Albertosaurus
1519:
1518:Tyrannosaurus
1515:
1511:
1507:
1506:Tyrannosaurus
1503:
1499:
1495:
1494:Albertosaurus
1491:
1490:Tyrannosaurus
1487:
1483:
1476:
1471:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1404:
1396:
1393:
1389:
1382:
1377:
1370:
1369:
1361:
1360:
1352:
1351:
1343:
1342:
1334:
1333:
1325:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1313:
1312:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1290:
1289:Tyrannosaurus
1283:
1282:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1262:
1261:
1254:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1232:
1231:Teratophoneus
1225:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1205:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1195:
1194:
1187:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1172:
1165:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1150:
1143:
1142:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1110:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1099:
1098:Albertosaurus
1092:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1077:
1070:
1069:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1043:
1038:
1034:
1032:
1031:Albertosaurus
1028:
1024:
1020:
1015:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
967:
963:
959:
955:
954:
949:
945:
944:Tyrannosaurus
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
918:
914:
908:
904:
900:
893:
891:
889:
885:
881:
871:
864:
854:
847:
835:
833:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
810:cross section
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
782:Tyrannosaurus
779:
775:
771:
767:
762:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
741:
737:
734:The skull of
727:
720:
712:
705:
693:
691:
689:
685:
684:fossilization
681:
677:
673:
669:
663:
659:
654:
647:
645:
643:
639:
635:
634:pelvic girdle
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
600:
596:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
547:
543:
536:
534:
532:
528:
524:
523:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
500:
496:
495:
490:
489:
484:
480:
476:
475:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
451:
447:
443:
439:
438:
433:
429:
425:
421:
418:
415:
414:tyrannosaurid
411:
405:
363:
362:
349:
346:
340:
339:
335:
334:
332:
329:
325:
318:
313:
312:
305:
304:
302:
297:
293:Kurzanov 1976
290:
289:
281:
278:
274:
269:
264:
263:
256:
253:
252:
249:
243:
240:
237:
236:
233:
227:
224:
223:
220:
217:
214:
211:
210:
207:
204:
201:
198:
197:
194:
191:
188:
185:
184:
181:
178:
175:
174:
171:
168:
165:
164:
161:
158:
155:
154:
149:
144:
140:
135:
131:
126:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
51:
43:
42:Maastrichtian
37:
33:
30:
19:
6973:Nemegt fauna
6813:
6755:
6684:
6677:
6670:
6663:
6656:
6651:Ornithomimus
6649:
6642:
6635:
6628:
6621:
6614:
6607:
6589:Tyrannomimus
6587:
6579:
6571:
6564:
6559:Deinocheirus
6557:
6550:
6530:
6523:
6516:
6492:
6484:
6479:Nqwebasaurus
6477:
6472:Nedcolbertia
6470:
6463:
6456:
6450:Calamosaurus
6448:
6442:Aviatyrannis
6440:
6433:
6408:
6378:
6371:
6364:
6356:
6349:
6342:
6335:
6327:
6322:Aristosuchus
6320:
6314:Aniksosaurus
6312:
6294:Aniksosaurus
6292:
6262:
6255:
6247:
6193:
6158:
6151:
6144:
6137:
6063:
6056:
6049:
6029:
6022:
6017:Dynamoterror
6015:
5995:
5988:
5968:
5962:
5961:
5941:
5936:Asiatyrannus
5934:
5910:
5903:
5874:Dryptosaurus
5872:
5865:
5858:
5827:
5820:
5813:
5805:
5798:
5791:
5784:
5777:
5770:
5765:Jinbeisaurus
5763:
5756:
5749:
5741:
5736:Aviatyrannis
5734:
5727:
5693:
5688:Sinotyrannus
5686:
5679:
5672:
5665:
5644:
5637:
5615:
5608:
5567:
5560:
5553:
5545:
5538:
5530:
5522:
5517:Bicentenaria
5515:
5507:
5502:Asiamericana
5500:
5493:
5434:
5375:
5368:
5361:
5354:
5347:
5340:
5333:
5312:
5304:
5297:
5290:
5283:
5277:Deltadromeus
5275:
5267:
5260:
5209:Tyrannotitan
5207:
5200:
5193:
5186:
5166:
5142:
5137:Taurovenator
5135:
5128:
5121:
5116:Lajasvenator
5114:
5107:
5100:
5095:Concavenator
5093:
5085:
5078:
5053:
5045:
5038:
5030:
5022:
5002:
4995:
4987:
4980:
4973:
4966:
4941:
4933:
4925:
4918:
4911:Allosauridae
4879:
4872:
4867:Shidaisaurus
4865:
4858:
4851:
4831:
4823:
4798:
4790:
4783:
4776:
4745:
4737:
4729:
4722:
4695:
4687:
4675:Avetheropoda
4662:Avetheropoda
4633:
4592:Avetheropoda
4559:
4552:
4545:Spinosaurini
4532:
4525:
4518:
4511:
4503:
4475:
4468:
4461:
4440:
4432:
4425:
4420:Protathlitis
4418:
4411:
4386:
4379:
4372:
4364:
4329:
4322:
4315:
4310:Leshansaurus
4308:
4301:
4294:
4274:
4267:
4262:Megalosaurus
4260:
4255:Duriavenator
4253:
4233:
4208:
4192:Megalosauria
4173:
4166:
4161:Marshosaurus
4159:
4154:Condorraptor
4152:
4132:
4091:
4084:
4076:
4069:
4062:
4055:
4048:
4041:
4035:Cruxicheiros
4033:
4026:
4018:
4010:
4002:
3867:
3862:Quilmesaurus
3860:
3853:
3846:
3838:
3831:
3824:
3817:
3810:
3790:
3783:
3775:
3768:
3761:
3754:
3747:
3740:
3733:
3725:
3714:Brachyrostra
3700:
3680:
3672:
3665:
3658:
3651:
3643:
3636:
3616:
3611:Tralkasaurus
3609:
3602:
3595:
3588:
3581:
3574:
3567:
3560:
3552:
3545:
3513:Vespersaurus
3511:
3506:Velocisaurus
3504:
3497:
3490:
3483:
3463:
3456:
3449:
3429:
3422:
3415:
3407:
3401:Deltadromeus
3399:
3391:
3385:Compsosuchus
3383:
3376:
3368:
3360:
3335:
3327:
3321:Lametasaurus
3319:
3311:
3277:
3272:Ceratosaurus
3270:
3250:
3242:
3235:
3227:
3220:
3204:Ceratosauria
3189:
3182:
3107:
3100:
3058:
3050:
3043:
3035:
3027:
3020:
3013:
3006:
2986:
2981:Podokesaurus
2979:
2972:
2965:
2957:
2933:
2925:
2918:
2911:
2904:
2897:
2890:
2883:
2876:
2869:
2864:Gojirasaurus
2862:
2857:Dracovenator
2855:
2847:
2840:
2828:Neotheropoda
2813:
2805:
2797:
2791:Guaibasaurus
2789:
2782:
2774:
2766:
2760:Chindesaurus
2758:
2648:
2639:
2563:
2554:
2540:
2506:
2493:
2468:
2464:
2416:
2412:
2402:
2365:
2361:
2313:
2307:
2297:
2272:
2268:
2252:
2243:
2237:
2228:
2203:
2199:
2193:
2184:
2180:
2123:
2119:
2109:
2100:
2096:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2017:
1983:
1974:
1955:
1920:
1914:
1905:
1899:
1862:
1858:
1828:
1824:
1756:
1752:
1742:
1664:
1637:
1628:
1592:
1586:
1559:
1555:
1550:
1546:
1540:
1538:
1533:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1480:
1474:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1445:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1428:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1402:
1400:
1391:
1378:Paleobiology
1309:
1308:
1287:
1286:
1258:
1257:
1229:
1228:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1170:
1169:
1168:
1147:
1146:
1096:
1095:
1074:
1073:
1041:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1016:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
975:
971:
970:
965:
961:
957:
951:
947:
943:
935:
927:
919:
911:
906:
887:
879:
877:
869:
852:
832:conditions.
825:
821:
805:
802:dentary bone
798:angular bone
793:
789:
781:
777:
773:
766:nuchal crest
765:
763:
750:
747:premaxillary
735:
733:
725:
710:
687:
679:
675:
667:
666:
657:
637:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
594:
585:
578:Bayankhongor
561:
551:
545:
530:
526:
520:
516:
504:
503:
492:
486:
482:
473:
472:
436:
435:
432:type species
360:
359:
358:
347:
336:
316:
310:
309:
287:
286:
277:Type species
261:
260:
238:
212:
199:
186:
35:
29:
6838:Wikispecies
6716:Maniraptora
6705:Maniraptora
6686:Tototlmimus
6616:Anserimimus
6566:Garudimimus
6552:Beishanlong
6494:Valdoraptor
6435:Arkansaurus
6380:Xunmenglong
6257:Juravenator
6051:Tarbosaurus
5943:Nanuqsaurus
5912:Gorgosaurus
5829:Megaraptora
5815:Timurlengia
5547:Sciurumimus
5495:Aratasaurus
5363:Murusraptor
5285:Fukuiraptor
5248:Megaraptora
5130:Shaochilong
5102:Eocarcharia
5055:Megaraptora
4975:Lusovenator
4853:Alpkarakush
4710:Carnosauria
4561:Spinosaurus
4534:Siamosaurus
4434:Suchosaurus
4381:Iberospinus
4317:Magnosaurus
4296:Afrovenator
4269:Torvosaurus
4020:Chilesaurus
3833:Carnotaurus
3826:Caletodraco
3812:Abelisaurus
3638:Arcovenator
3485:Laevisuchus
3476:Noasaurinae
3378:Berthasaura
3349:Noasauridae
3279:Genyodectes
3244:Lukousaurus
3237:Jubbulpuria
3037:Panguraptor
3015:Coelophysis
3008:Camposaurus
2967:Panguraptor
2959:Dracoraptor
2935:Zupaysaurus
2920:Tachiraptor
2899:Sarcosaurus
2799:Nhandumirim
2070:compared".
1665:Tarbosaurus
1649:floodplains
1641:Barun Goyot
1556:Tarbosaurus
1526:Tarbosaurus
1498:Gorgosaurus
1456:Tarbosaurus
1440:Tarbosaurus
1416:Tarbosaurus
1311:Tarbosaurus
1076:Gorgosaurus
1023:Q. sinensis
1012:Tarbosaurus
1000:Tarbosaurus
988:Tarbosaurus
972:Tarbosaurus
948:Tarbosaurus
924:superfamily
922:within the
884:metatarsals
808:-shaped in
794:Tarbosaurus
778:Tarbosaurus
755:nasal bones
648:Description
574:Gobi Desert
566:metatarsals
560:3141/1) of
6937:Categories
6644:Gallimimus
6573:Harpymimus
6518:Harpymimus
6139:Iliosuchus
6109:see below↓
5954:Alioramini
5772:Juratyrant
5758:Eotyrannus
5743:Bagaraatan
5695:Yutyrannus
5629:Coeluridae
5555:Vayuraptor
5401:see below↓
5377:Tratayenia
5370:Orkoraptor
5356:Megaraptor
5262:Aoniraptor
5195:Mapusaurus
5123:Sauroniops
5087:Altispinax
5040:Neovenator
4982:Siamraptor
4968:Datanglong
4935:Epanterias
4927:Antrodemus
4920:Allosaurus
4901:Allosauria
4724:Altispinax
4689:Gasosaurus
4601:see below↓
4477:Suchomimus
4078:Sinosaurus
3913:see below↓
3869:Viavenator
3819:Aucasaurus
3756:Ilokelesia
3727:Dahalokely
3682:Rajasaurus
3660:Indosaurus
3653:Genusaurus
3645:Dahalokely
3569:Indosuchus
3465:Limusaurus
3424:Ligabueino
3417:Kiyacursor
3409:Genusaurus
3393:Dahalokely
3313:Betasuchus
3184:Dornraptor
3084:see below↓
3060:Segisaurus
2913:Sinosaurus
2776:Eodromaeus
2705:see below↓
2653:Dinosauria
2635:Sauropsida
1734:References
1693:hadrosaurs
1681:troodontid
1605:, but the
1575:Cretaceous
1477:in yellow)
1392:A. remotus
1135:Alioramini
917:classified
915:have long
907:A. remotus
736:A. remotus
676:A. remotus
658:A. remotus
626:A. remotus
618:A. remotus
610:A. remotus
568:. A joint
513:carnivores
499:Alioramini
457:floodplain
446:foot bones
444:and three
437:A. remotus
426:period of
248:Alioramini
206:Saurischia
193:Dinosauria
6844:Alioramus
6814:Alioramus
6794:Dinosaurs
6720:includes
6665:Rativates
6658:Qiupalong
6358:Scipionyx
6351:Mirischia
6024:Lythronax
5963:Alioramus
5617:Labocania
5335:Aerosteon
4881:Sinraptor
4785:Erectopus
4520:Irritator
4105:Orionides
3990:Tetanurae
3977:Tetanurae
3904:Tetanurae
3840:Elemgasem
3763:Llukalkan
3742:Elemgasem
3499:Noasaurus
3362:Afromimus
3170:Averostra
3157:Averostra
3075:Averostra
2927:Velocipes
2746:Theropoda
2733:Theropoda
2696:Theropoda
2621:Kingdom:
2605:Theropoda
2569:DigiMorph
2555:Alioramus
2541:Alioramus
2433:2589-0042
2394:246799243
2035:2246/6162
1831:: 93–104.
1759:: 44942.
1700:sauropods
1629:Alioramus
1587:Alioramus
1547:Alioramus
1534:Alioramus
1530:ontogenic
1514:Alioramus
1510:Alioramus
1475:Alioramus
1448:Alioramus
1432:Alioramus
1420:sympatric
1412:Alioramus
1408:Alioramus
1403:Alioramus
1027:Alioramus
1004:Alioramus
992:Alioramus
976:Alioramus
962:Alioramus
958:Alioramus
940:subfamily
936:Alioramus
932:cladistic
920:Alioramus
822:Alioramus
790:Alioramus
786:lower jaw
774:Alioramus
688:Alioramus
630:vertebrae
595:Alioramus
586:Alioramus
562:Alioramus
531:Alioramus
527:Alioramus
505:Alioramus
483:Alioramus
450:Mongolian
422:from the
420:dinosaurs
361:Alioramus
315:Brusatte
262:Alioramus
219:Theropoda
166:Kingdom:
160:Eukaryota
36:Alioramus
6852:BioLib:
6823:Wikidata
6249:Coelurus
5674:Kileskus
5667:Guanlong
5639:Coelurus
5532:Gualicho
5032:Gualicho
4413:Baryonyx
3749:Guemesia
3576:Kryptops
3337:Ozraptor
2974:Pendraig
2629:Chordata
2627:Phylum:
2623:Animalia
2564:A. altai
2442:11387897
2413:iScience
2340:24807588
2260:(2003).
2220:86243316
2160:21853125
2120:PLOS ONE
2044:84550111
1891:19805035
1816:(1976).
1791:28358353
1706:See also
1651:, large
1583:Mongolia
1579:Dinosaur
1486:A. altai
1465:Ontogeny
1042:A. altai
1008:A. altai
966:A. altai
928:A. altai
888:A. altai
870:A. altai
853:A. altai
826:A. altai
726:A. altai
711:A. altai
680:A. altai
656:Size of
622:A. altai
614:A. altai
554:holotype
546:A. altai
474:A. altai
417:theropod
328:Synonyms
311:A. altai
268:Kurzanov
225:Family:
180:Chordata
176:Phylum:
170:Animalia
156:Domain:
48:70
6907:3595524
6894:1435059
6881:4822623
6868:8836444
6829:Q131174
5807:Timimus
5569:Zuolong
5299:Rapator
5202:Meraxes
4527:Oxalaia
3848:Koleken
2871:Lepidus
2633:Class:
2473:Bibcode
2318:Bibcode
2277:Bibcode
2151:3154410
2128:Bibcode
1882:2765207
1782:5372470
1761:Bibcode
1661:caliche
1597:. This
1383:Feeding
830:avialan
818:dentary
814:maxilla
759:sutured
590:Russian
509:bipedal
254:Genus:
117:↓
6855:125787
6780:Portal
6458:Hexing
6146:Kakuru
5751:Dilong
3792:Thanos
3770:Niebla
3590:Rugops
3583:Kurupi
2513:
2439:
2431:
2392:
2338:
2218:
2158:
2148:
2042:
1990:
1962:
1889:
1879:
1789:
1779:
1659:, but
1577:-aged
1422:—used
570:Soviet
465:Soviet
350:, 2014
348:et al.
319:, 2009
317:et al.
270:, 1976
6920:38609
6889:IRMNG
6722:birds
5779:Moros
5306:Siats
5047:Siats
4989:Siats
2649:Clade
2640:Clade
2390:S2CID
2265:(PDF)
2216:S2CID
2040:S2CID
1821:(PDF)
1677:fauna
1653:river
1614:stage
1607:fauna
1395:Skull
740:basal
694:Skull
662:Human
638:altai
606:ramus
602:alius
599:Latin
507:were
442:skull
410:genus
239:Clade
213:Clade
200:Clade
187:Clade
6876:GBIF
6714:see
5349:Maip
2807:Tawa
2682:see
2511:ISBN
2429:ISSN
2336:PMID
2156:PMID
2066:and
1988:ISBN
1960:ISBN
1887:PMID
1787:PMID
1691:and
1671:and
1643:and
1558:and
1434:and
1414:and
974:and
950:and
930:. A
780:and
672:Paul
620:and
552:The
519:and
428:Asia
56:PreꞒ
6863:EoL
2567:at
2481:doi
2437:PMC
2421:doi
2380:hdl
2370:doi
2326:doi
2285:doi
2244:104
2208:doi
2146:PMC
2136:doi
2030:hdl
2022:doi
1877:PMC
1867:doi
1863:106
1777:PMC
1769:doi
1524:or
1504:or
1496:or
1458:or
905:of
788:of
558:PIN
412:of
6939::
6917::
6904::
6891::
6878::
6865::
6840::
6825::
2651::
2642::
2479:.
2469:12
2467:.
2451:^
2435:.
2427:.
2417:27
2415:.
2411:.
2388:.
2378:.
2366:41
2364:.
2360:.
2348:^
2334:.
2324:.
2312:.
2306:.
2283:.
2273:40
2271:.
2267:.
2214:.
2204:25
2202:.
2185:48
2183:.
2168:^
2154:.
2144:.
2134:.
2122:.
2118:.
2101:48
2099:.
2084:^
2076:48
2074:.
2052:^
2038:.
2028:.
2016:.
2002:^
1950:;
1929:^
1885:.
1875:.
1861:.
1857:.
1837:^
1823:.
1799:^
1785:.
1775:.
1767:.
1755:.
1751:.
1687:,
1667:,
1620:.
1585:;
946:,
820:,
644:.
632:,
584:.
580:,
501:.
434:,
392:eɪ
383:oʊ
345:Lü
341:?
241::
215::
202::
189::
106:Pg
50:Ma
6782::
6584:?
6576:?
6489:?
6453:?
6445:?
6413:?
6361:?
6332:?
6317:?
6252:?
5832:?
5810:?
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4803:?
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4213:?
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4081:?
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4023:?
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4007:?
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3648:?
3557:?
3412:?
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3396:?
3388:?
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3365:?
3340:?
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3324:?
3316:?
3247:?
3232:?
3194:?
3055:?
3040:?
3032:?
2962:?
2930:?
2852:?
2818:?
2810:?
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