121:) a community had to cover collectively for any of its poorer members who were currently in military service and unable to pay, and later legislation extended this to the obligations of any peasants who had fled the land.
103:
among the co-sureties and one of unlimited liability for any and all fiscal and legal responsibilities arising. In the usage of 9th- and 10th-century texts, its meaning had shifted slightly to replace the previous term
150:) to cover for the arrears of the poorer tax-payers. Its exact provisions are unknown, but the law proved unpopular with the wealthier sections of society. Pressure from the Church led to its cancellation in 1028, by
72:
and identifies a joint guarantee over a debt or another fiscal obligation. By the early
Byzantine period (4th–7th centuries), it had become a Greek equivalent of the
277:
110:
in describing the collective tax obligation among rural communities, a
Hellenistic fiscal principle for rapid and constant revenue: thus in the legislation of
333:
328:
255:
227:
40:, requiring the wealthiest landowners to pay the tax debts owed by their poorer neighbours. It relied on a concept long extant in
218:
338:
162:
285:
323:
84:
318:
313:
161:). However, the term appears in the sources as late as the turn of the 12th century, when the future
239:
The
Agrarian History of Byzantium from the Origins to the Twelfth Century: The Sources and Problems
151:
49:
264:
Morris, Rosemary (1976), "The
Powerful and the Poor in Tenth-Century Byzantium: Law and Reality",
273:
78:
308:
251:
223:
213:
165:
100:
41:
34:
26:
302:
45:
111:
89:
69:
284:(2nd ed.), Cambridge University Press, pp. 205–234, archived from
130:
37:
278:"V. Agrarian Conditions in the Byzantine Empire in the Middle Ages]"
146:
106:
65:
73:
144:
as a specific law, which obliged the wealthier landholders (the
64:(ἀλληλεγύη, "mutual guarantee/security") is first attested in
222:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. p. 69.
192:
190:
188:
186:
184:
248:The land legislation of the Macedonian emperors
16:Tax established in 1002 in the Byzantine Empire
282:Cambridge Economic History of Europe, Volume Ι
250:, Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies,
212:Cutler, Anthony J. (1991). "Allelengyon". In
168:accused tax collectors of still applying the
8:
180:
33:) was a tax established in 1002 by the
196:
7:
219:The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
14:
334:Taxation in the Byzantine Empire
172:to extract taxes from peasants.
99:), there were two types, one of
156:
135:
116:
94:
1:
329:1000s in the Byzantine Empire
268:, vol. 73, pp. 3–27
163:Patriarch of Constantinople
355:
241:, Galway University Press
30:
48:, but was abolished by
237:Lemerle, Paul (1979),
246:McGeer, Eric (2000),
339:11th century in law
274:Ostrogorsky, George
152:Romanos III Argyros
124:
50:Romanos III Argyros
214:Kazhdan, Alexander
166:Nicholas Mouzalon
140:) instituted the
129:In 1002, Emperor
101:limited liability
82:. According to a
35:Byzantine Emperor
346:
324:Public liability
295:
294:
293:
269:
266:Past and Present
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160:
159: 1028–1034
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96:
32:
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138: 976–1025
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58:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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270:
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174:
126:
125:Basil II's law
123:
119: 802–811
97: 527–565
57:
54:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
351:
340:
337:
335:
332:
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322:
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319:Land taxation
317:
315:
314:Byzantine law
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307:
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288:on 2012-08-14
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257:0-88844-288-2
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229:0-19-504652-8
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199:, p. 69.
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91:
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55:
53:
51:
47:
46:Byzantine law
43:
39:
36:
28:
24:
23:
290:, retrieved
286:the original
281:
265:
247:
238:
217:
169:
145:
141:
128:
112:Nikephoros I
105:
83:
77:
61:
59:
21:
20:
18:
197:Cutler 1991
170:allelengyon
142:allelengyon
90:Justinian I
70:Oxyrhynchus
42:Hellenistic
31:ἀλληλέγγυον
22:allelengyon
303:Categories
292:2018-10-19
176:References
79:fideiussio
62:allelengye
56:Background
60:The term
52:in 1028.
309:Basil II
276:(1966),
131:Basil II
38:Basil II
216:(ed.).
206:Sources
147:dynatoi
107:epibole
85:novella
254:
226:
66:papyri
76:term
74:Latin
68:from
27:Greek
252:ISBN
224:ISBN
44:and
19:The
88:of
305::
280:,
183:^
157:r.
136:r.
117:r.
95:r.
29::
232:.
154:(
133:(
114:(
92:(
25:(
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