358:
68:
805:
2050:
1482:
749:, flowering tends to be suppressed until after bush fires as dense overhead vegetation prevents growth. In more open sandy areas of the Western Cape, the plant flowers annually. Plants tend to be very localized in dense concentrations due to the seeds' large size and heavy weight. Strong winds shake loose the seeds, which fall to ground and immediately start to germinate, aided by the first winter rains.
48:
838:
veining, darkened edges, white centers and light yellow centers, also setting them apart from the original light pink. In addition, the hybrids often produce flowers in a fuller circle rather than the "side-facing" habit of the "old-fashioned" pink. The hybrids are able to adapt to year-round watering and fertilization but can also tolerate completely dry summer conditions if need be.
837:
and with each other to produce naturally seed-bearing crosses that come in a very wide range of flower sizes, shapes, stem heights and intensities of pink. Pure white varieties with bright green stems were bred as well. The hybrids are quite distinct in that the many shades of pink also have stripes,
824:
was introduced into cultivation at the beginning of the eighteenth century. It reproduces slowly by either bulb division or seeds and has gradually naturalized from plantings in urban and suburban areas throughout the lower elevations and coastal areas in much of the West Coast of the US since these
338:
are known as belladonna lily, Jersey lily, naked lady, amarillo, Easter lily in
Southern Australia or, in South Africa, March lily due to its propensity to flower around March. This is one of numerous genera with the common name 'lily' due to their flower shape and growth habit. However, they are
757:
The leaves are produced in the autumn or early spring in warm climates depending on the onset of rain and eventually die down by late spring. The bulb is then dormant until late summer. The plant is not frost-tolerant, nor does it do well in tropical environments since they require a dry resting
731:. The common name "naked lady" comes from the plant's pattern of flowering when the foliage has died down. This name is also used for other bulbs with a similar growth and flowering pattern; some of these have their own widely used and accepted common names, such as the resurrection lily (
470:. At the time both South African and South American plants were placed in the same genus; subsequently they were separated into two different genera. The key question is whether Linnaeus's type was a South African plant or a South American plant. If the latter,
966:
724:
Although the 1987 decision settled the question of the scientific name of the genus, the common name 'amaryllis' continues to be used differently. Bulbs sold as amaryllis and described as "ready to bloom for the holidays" belong to the allied genus
832:
hybrid which was bred in the 1800s in
Australia. No one knows the exact species it was crossed with to produce color variations of white, cream, peach, magenta and nearly red hues. The hybrids were crossed back onto the original
780:
at night. The relative importance of these insects as pollinators has not yet been established; however, carpenter bees are thought to be the main pollinators of amaryllis on the
390:
Each bulb produces one or two leafless, stout, persistent and erect stems 30–60 cm (12–24 in) tall, each of which bears at the top a cluster of two to twelve
402:(three outer sepals, three inner petals, with similar appearance to each other). The usual color is white with crimson veins, but pink or purple also occur naturally.
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537:– south-west Cape Provinces; introduced into many parts of the world, including California, Great Britain, Australia and New Zealand
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One or two leafless stems arise from the bulb in the dry ground in late summer (March in its native habitat and August in
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et al. have briefly summarized the debate, which took place from 1938 onwards and involved botanists on both sides of the
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should be a conserved name (i.e. correct regardless of priority) and ultimately based on a specimen of the South
African
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environments mimic their native South
African habitat. Hardiness zones 6–8. It is also naturalized in Australia.
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plant, with each bulb being 5–10 cm (2.0–3.9 in) in diameter. It has several strap-shaped,
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349:, amaryllis means "love, beauty, and determination", and can also represent hope and achievement.
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without a tube. Each flower is 6–10 cm (2.4–3.9 in) in diameter with six spreading
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488:. The outcome was a decision by the 14th International Botanical Congress in 1987 that
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Meerow, Alan W.; Van
Scheepen, Johan & Dutilh, Julie H.A. (1997), "Transfers from
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1911:
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1416:. Cooperative Extension/Botany Plant Sciences Dept. University California Riverside.
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This article is about a genus of southern
African bulbs. For the South American
2010:
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480:, and a different name would have to be used for the genus discussed here.
1010:. Vol. III. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH. pp. 83–110.
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For many years there was confusion among botanists over the generic names
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region of South Africa, particularly the rocky southwest area between the
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1149:"Behind the Name: Meaning, Origin and History of the Name Amaryllis"
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1271:. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government
430:. Seeds are compressed-globose, white to pink. The number of
454:. The taxonomy of the genus has been controversial. In 1753
716:
239:
254:
248:
233:
871:, which has named cultivars. Hybrids said to be between
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period between leaf growth and flower spike production.
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327:, widely sold in the winter months for their ability to
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521:had only two accepted species, both native to the
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284:, with two species. The better known of the two,
745:In areas of its native habitat with mountainous
940:"Amaryllis belladonna (March lily, Belladonna)"
885:. Neither hybrid genus name is accepted by the
560:These are phylogenetically related as follows:
1339:– Amaryllis belladonna x Brunsvigia josephinae
784:. The plant's main parasite is the lily borer
1465:
8:
812:
1414:Center for Landscape and Urban Horticulture
2065:
1907:
1714:
1601:
1592:
1519:
1472:
1458:
1450:
1365:World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
1008:The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants
887:World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
46:
35:
339:only distantly related to the true lily,
1379:, search for "Amarcrinum" and "Amarygia"
967:"Amaryllis Flower Meaning and Symbolism"
474:would be the correct name for the genus
942:. Biodiversity Explorer. Archived from
909:
1197:
1181:, The United States National Arboretum
1178:How to Make Your Amaryllis Bloom Again
921:. Sunset Publishing. pp. 606–607.
1446:– informative article about Amaryllis
1342:, Australian Gardener, archived from
858:has been crossed in cultivation with
7:
2403:fba2dfeb-ec13-4f67-9450-3f354f5611aa
2338:31355a30-e2ef-47af-ac94-659174b6c8b1
1316:"Pacific Bulb Society – ×Amarcrinum"
280:). It is a small genus of flowering
2449:Endemic flora of the Cape Provinces
620:
597:
574:
563:
919:The New Sunset Western Garden Book
23:commonly sold as "amaryllis", see
14:
1234:"North Carolina State University"
917:Brenzel, Kathleen Norris (2001).
2377:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331133-2
2049:
2048:
1480:
226:
66:
1423:from the original on 2022-10-09
1368:, The Board of Trustees of the
694:is taken from a shepherdess in
1:
965:P., Rebekah (17 April 2020).
1129:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
1101:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
1053:Hippeastrum (Amaryllidaceae)
899:List of plants known as lily
717:
450:Amaryllidinae, in the tribe
209:
2459:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1267:Australian Plant Name Index
864:to produce a hybrid called
846:Royal Horticultural Society
2477:
2109:Amaryllis (Amaryllidaceae)
1370:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
1127:Plants of the World Online
1099:Plants of the World Online
709:
29:Amaryllis (disambiguation)
18:
2044:
1212:"Amaryllis belladonna L."
1016:10.1007/978-3-662-03533-7
641:
625:
618:
602:
595:
579:
572:
517:As of October 2020,
207:
202:
189:
182:
63:Scientific classification
61:
54:
45:
38:
881:have been called ×
776:. It is also visited by
721:, 'to sparkle'.
2454:Garden plants of Africa
1210:Adams, T (March 2001).
446:The single genus is in
1320:pacificbulbsociety.org
1291:"RHS Plant Selector –
818:
813:
542:Amaryllis paradisicola
507:Natural History Museum
365:
27:. For other uses, see
2444:Amaryllidaceae genera
1269:(APNI), IBIS database
878:Brunsvigia josephinae
850:Award of Garden Merit
807:
548:– west Cape Provinces
360:
1485:Subdivisions of the
1397:Amaryllis belladonna
1293:Amaryllis belladonna
1261:Amaryllis belladonna
873:Amaryllis belladonna
856:Amaryllis belladonna
835:Amaryllis belladonna
830:Amaryllis belladonna
822:Amaryllis belladonna
811:, illustration from
809:Amaryllis belladonna
531:Amaryllis belladonna
498:Amaryllis belladonna
460:Amaryllis belladonna
362:Amaryllis belladonna
334:Plants of the genus
287:Amaryllis belladonna
192:Amaryllis belladonna
56:Amaryllis belladonna
1122:Amaryllis belladona
996:Snijman, Deirdre A.
347:language of flowers
345:. In the Victorian
842:A. belladonna
819:
814:"Flore des serres"
772:relationship with
734:Lycoris squamigera
503:Clifford Herbarium
426:are approx. 8 per
366:
2426:
2425:
2346:Open Tree of Life
2071:Taxon identifiers
2062:
2061:
2040:
2039:
1950:
1949:
1777:
1776:
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1025:978-3-642-08377-8
682:
681:
673:
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525:of South Africa:
458:created the name
406:are very shortly
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2315:NHMSYS0000455847
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1401:Brunsvigia rosea
1393:Carter, Kathie.
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1236:. Archived from
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1214:PlantZAfrica.com
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768:The plant has a
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422:is three-lobed.
394:, funnel-shaped
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2439:Amaryllidoideae
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2022:Hymenocallideae
2016:
1996:
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1335:Plant Profile:
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1153:Behind the Name
1147:Mike Campbell.
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992:Meerow, Alan W.
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844:has gained the
817:volume 14, 1861
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793:Diaphone eumela
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273:Amaryllidinae (
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16:Genus of plants
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1499:Agapanthoideae
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1487:Amaryllidaceae
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1438:External links
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1000:Amaryllidaceae
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774:carpenter bees
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300:Olifants River
265:) is the only
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2199:
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2110:
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2095:
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2055:
2047:
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2025:
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2019:
2013:
2012:
2008:
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1943:
1942:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1929:
1923:
1922:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1912:Hippeastrinae
1909:
1906:
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1900:
1894:
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1886:
1884:
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1874:
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1789:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1780:
1770:
1769:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1759:Gethyllidinae
1756:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1725:
1724:
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1632:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1606:Amaryllidinae
1603:
1600:
1598:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1565:
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1525:
1521:
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1512:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1489:family, with
1488:
1483:
1475:
1470:
1468:
1463:
1461:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1419:
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1408:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1391:
1390:
1385:
1371:
1367:
1366:
1359:
1356:
1346:on 2012-03-22
1345:
1341:
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1336:
1329:
1326:
1321:
1317:
1311:
1308:
1296:
1294:
1286:
1283:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1262:
1254:
1251:
1240:on 2013-04-04
1239:
1235:
1229:
1226:
1213:
1206:
1203:
1199:
1194:
1191:
1180:
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1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
987:
984:
972:
968:
961:
958:
946:on 2018-01-25
945:
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897:
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890:
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869:
863:
862:
861:Crinum moorei
857:
853:
851:
847:
843:
839:
836:
831:
826:
823:
815:
810:
806:
799:
797:
795:
794:
789:
788:
787:Brithys crini
783:
779:
778:noctuid moths
775:
771:
766:
764:
759:
752:
750:
748:
740:
738:
736:
735:
730:
729:
722:
719:
712:
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669:
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660:
659:
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631:
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623:
622:
616:
615:
612:
611:
608:
607:
600:
599:
593:
592:
589:
588:
585:
584:
583:Amaryllidinae
577:
576:
570:
566:
565:
561:
558:
552:
544:
543:
539:
533:
532:
528:
527:
526:
524:
520:
512:
510:
508:
504:
500:
499:
491:
487:
483:
479:
478:
473:
469:
466:of the genus
465:
461:
457:
456:Carl Linnaeus
453:
449:
441:
439:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
388:
386:
382:
378:
377:hysteranthous
374:
370:
363:
359:
352:
350:
348:
344:
343:
337:
332:
330:
326:
325:
321:of the genus
320:
316:
312:
307:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
288:
283:
279:
276:
272:
268:
262:
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194:
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185:
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177:
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137:
134:
133:
130:
127:
124:
123:
120:
117:
114:
111:
110:
107:
104:
101:
98:
97:
94:
93:Tracheophytes
91:
88:
85:
84:
81:
78:
75:
74:
69:
64:
60:
57:
53:
49:
44:
41:
37:
34:
30:
26:
22:
2078:
2031:Hymenocallis
2029:
2009:
1989:
1981:Stenomesseae
1963:
1939:
1919:
1903:Hippeastreae
1890:
1870:
1850:
1830:
1810:
1790:
1766:
1746:
1739:Haemanthinae
1726:
1697:
1673:
1653:
1646:Strumariinae
1633:
1614:
1613:
1597:Amaryllideae
1571:
1551:
1531:
1504:
1490:
1425:. Retrieved
1413:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1395:"Amaryllis.
1373:, retrieved
1364:
1358:
1348:, retrieved
1344:the original
1338:
1334:
1328:
1319:
1310:
1298:. Retrieved
1292:
1285:
1273:. Retrieved
1265:
1260:
1253:
1242:. Retrieved
1238:the original
1228:
1216:. Retrieved
1205:
1193:
1183:, retrieved
1177:
1170:
1161:
1152:
1142:
1131:. Retrieved
1126:
1121:
1114:
1103:. Retrieved
1098:
1093:
1086:
1065:(1): 15–19,
1062:
1056:
1052:
1048:
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1007:
999:
986:
974:. Retrieved
970:
960:
948:. Retrieved
944:the original
918:
912:
886:
882:
876:
872:
867:
859:
855:
854:
841:
840:
834:
829:
828:There is an
827:
821:
820:
808:
791:
785:
767:
760:
756:
744:
732:
726:
723:
704:, (from the
699:
698:'s pastoral
691:
689:
642:
629:Strumariinae
626:
603:
582:
580:
569:Amaryllideae
568:
559:
556:
540:
529:
518:
516:
496:
489:
475:
471:
467:
464:type species
459:
452:Amaryllideae
445:
435:
389:
368:
367:
361:
340:
335:
333:
322:
314:
310:
308:
296:Western Cape
285:
278:Amaryllideae
220:
219:
218:
208:
190:
184:Type species
169:
168:
159:Amaryllideae
112:
99:
86:
55:
39:
33:
2258:iNaturalist
2103:Wikispecies
2002:Clinantheae
1979:(including
1976:Eucharideae
1956:Eustephieae
1921:Hippeastrum
1843:Pancratieae
1710:Haemantheae
1690:Cyrtantheae
1626:Boophoninae
1564:Gilliesieae
1544:Tulbaghieae
1405:Hippeastrum
1198:Carter 2015
950:February 2,
800:Cultivation
763:USDA zone 7
728:Hippeastrum
606:Boophoninae
567:Tribe
509:in London.
477:Hippeastrum
432:chromosomes
414:, unequal.
392:zygomorphic
353:Description
324:Hippeastrum
315:Hippeastrum
302:Valley and
145:Subfamily:
129:Asparagales
106:Angiosperms
25:Hippeastrum
2433:Categories
2011:Clinanthus
1932:Traubiinae
1883:Griffineae
1863:Narcisseae
1852:Pancratium
1823:Galantheae
1803:Lycorideae
1792:Calostemma
1748:Haemanthus
1699:Cyrtanthus
1515:Allioideae
1506:Agapanthus
1491:type genus
1427:24 January
1375:2011-11-28
1350:2011-11-28
1244:2013-04-14
1185:2011-11-28
1133:2020-10-19
1105:2020-10-19
976:19 October
905:References
868:Amarcrinum
21:houseplant
2224:Amaryllis
2206:FloraBase
2172:Amaryllis
2079:Amaryllis
1965:Eustephia
1892:Griffinia
1872:Narcissus
1832:Galanthus
1768:Gethyllis
1719:Cliviinae
1655:Strumaria
1615:Amaryllis
1573:Gilliesia
1553:Tulbaghia
1444:Amaryllis
1094:Amaryllis
1049:Amaryllis
998:(1998). "
971:Florgeous
770:symbiotic
692:Amaryllis
690:The name
686:Etymology
643:Subtribe
627:Subtribe
604:Subtribe
581:Subtribe
553:Phylogeny
519:Amaryllis
501:from the
490:Amaryllis
472:Amaryllis
468:Amaryllis
412:declinate
410:basally,
369:Amaryllis
336:Amaryllis
331:indoors.
319:cultivars
311:Amaryllis
221:Amaryllis
170:Amaryllis
76:Kingdom:
40:Amaryllis
2398:VicFlora
2390:40011377
2385:Tropicos
2185:46525951
2167:eFloraSA
2088:Wikidata
2054:Category
1991:Eucharis
1666:Crininae
1635:Boophone
1418:Archived
1407:hybrids"
1337:Amarygia
1218:March 4,
1034:30159571
893:See also
883:Amarygia
718:amarysso
711:ἀμαρύσσω
701:Eclogues
645:Crininae
486:Atlantic
448:subtribe
442:Taxonomy
379:, green
271:subtribe
210:See text
203:Species
135:Family:
119:Monocots
2289:1299908
2237:2741678
2094:Q161577
1941:Traubia
1812:Lycoris
1524:Allieae
1386:Sources
1275:4 March
1079:1224287
1006:(ed.).
866:×
790:and/or
753:Ecology
741:Habitat
546:Snijman
513:Species
505:at the
408:connate
404:Stamens
396:flowers
373:bulbous
364:flowers
294:of the
290:, is a
269:in the
165:Genus:
155:Tribe:
125:Order:
80:Plantae
2359:PLANTS
2351:655592
2335:NZOR:
2302:202501
2276:1337-1
2146:412381
2120:187987
2117:APDB:
1728:Clivia
1675:Crinum
1533:Allium
1403:) and
1300:21 May
1077:
1032:
1022:
1002:". In
747:fynbos
696:Virgil
462:, the
438:= 22.
428:locule
424:Ovules
420:stigma
400:tepals
385:midrib
381:leaves
342:Lilium
304:Knysna
292:native
2364:AMARY
2328:51431
2284:IRMNG
2263:61828
2219:FoAO2
2211:21236
2198:1AMYG
2159:8VTN8
2133:85481
1421:(PDF)
1410:(PDF)
1174:E.g.
1075:JSTOR
1058:Taxon
1030:S2CID
706:Greek
416:Style
383:with
371:is a
329:bloom
282:bulbs
275:tribe
267:genus
113:Clade
100:Clade
87:Clade
2372:POWO
2323:NCBI
2297:ITIS
2271:IPNI
2245:GRIN
2232:GBIF
2193:EPPO
2141:BOLD
2128:APNI
1429:2015
1302:2013
1277:2014
1220:2013
1020:ISBN
978:2020
952:2020
875:and
434:is 2
313:and
2411:WFO
2310:NBN
2250:485
2180:EoL
2154:CoL
1263:L."
1124:L."
1096:L."
1067:doi
1055:",
1051:to
1012:doi
848:'s
765:).
737:).
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2195::
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1412:.
1318:.
1151:.
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1061:,
1028:.
1018:.
994:;
969:.
927:^
889:.
852:.
796:.
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535:L.
493:L.
306:.
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197:L.
176:L.
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102::
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1014::
980:.
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436:n
261:/
258:s
255:ɪ
252:l
249:ɪ
246:r
243:ˈ
240:ə
237:m
234:æ
231:ˌ
228:/
224:(
31:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
