111:
Readings of the name proposed in the past, now regarded as erroneous, include
Amasagsilsirsir and Amapanul. Both were based on the forms AMA.SAG.QA.NU.NU and AMA.PA.NU.UL from Seleucid documents from Uruk. It has been argued that the spelling varied due to Amasagnudi's obscurity prior to her rise of
214:. While Anu was not completely absent from Uruk at any point in time between the third and first millennium BCE, his position was that of a "figurehead" and "otiose deity" according to Paul-Alain Beaulieu. He proposes that Anu's rise was the result of
99:
The name
Amasagnudi can be translated as "the indestructible mother," "the unmovable mother," "the mother who does not go away," or "the mother who cannot be pushed aside." The resurgence of deities with names starting with the sign
229:
In theological texts, Papsukkal and
Amasagnudi are jointly listed on the ninth place in lists arranging the gods of Seleucid Uruk according to perceived theological importance. However, Amasagnudi does not occur in any
234:
from Uruk. Julia Krul proposes that it should be understood as an indication that her presence in the religion of
Seleucid Uruk was largely limited to theological speculation of high-ranking members of the clergy.
112:
prominence in this period making her name difficult to render even for the literati of the city. Most likely its original meaning was no longer understood due to trouble with structure and grammar of
238:
During the new year festival held in Uruk in the
Seleucid period, Amasagnudi was among the deities listed as participants of the parade led by Antu (rather than Ishtar), alongside the likes of
226:(which starts the divine hierarchy with Anu) to enhance local pride. A side effect of the process was the rise of deities connected with Anu, such as Papsukkal and Amasagnudi.
712:
546:
202:
Amasagnudi was introduced to Uruk alongside
Papsukkal. The entire pantheon of the city was restructured in the Seleucid period, with Ishtar,
150:
Three possibilities have been proposed for the origin of
Amasagnudi: that she was the original sukkal of Anu, replaced in this role by
683:
676:
Grenzüberschreitungen
Studien zur Kulturgeschichte des Alten Orients: Festschrift für Hans Neumann zum 65. Geburtstag am 9. Mai 2018
660:
607:
533:
756:
183:
and a single lexical text. More recent research revealed a further occurrence of
Amasagnudi in the second millennium BCE in an
761:
154:'s sukkal Ninshubur; that she was an epithet of Ninshubur; or that she was the wife of the male form of Ninshubur.
535:
Goddesses in
Context: On Divine Powers, Roles, Relationships and Gender in Mesopotamian Textual and Visual Sources
704:
Ancient Knowledge Networks: A Social Geography of Cuneiform Scholarship in First-Millennium Assyria and Babylonia
119:
Amasagnudi was also known by the name Ninkagal, "lady of the great gate," also read Nin-abula or Nin-abul.
196:
195:, in which she appears alongside Papsukkal. Furthermore, her alternate name, Nin-abul, is present in an
626:
67:
176:
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References to Amasagnudi from before the Seleucid period are incredibly rare, and according to
708:
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conquest, which resulted in the development of a new local theology relying on the god list
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The Revival of the Anu Cult and the Nocturnal Fire Ceremony at Late Babylonian Uruk
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78:. She is only known from a handful of sources, including the god list
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104:, "mother," in the theology of Seleucid Uruk, including both her and
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and in sources from Seleucid Uruk, she appears as the wife of
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as of 1992 known examples were limited to the god list
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Nouvelles Assyriologiques Brèves et Utilitaires (NABU)
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377:
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302:
672:"Some Observations on Late Urukean Theophoric Names"
532:Asher-Greve, Julia M.; Westenholz, Joan G. (2013).
368:
51:
46:
36:
21:
600:Incantations and Anti-Witchcraft Texts from Ugarit
579:Cavigneaux, Antoine; Krebernik, Manfred (1998),
206:and their court, encompassing deities such as
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8:
290:
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398:
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135:, explains that she was a female deity (
558:"Antiquarian Theology in Seleucid Uruk"
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127:The oldest reference to Amasagnudi, a
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502:
210:, surpassed in prominence by Anu and
7:
490:
439:
356:
131:which lists her as an equivalent of
14:
515:Asher-Greve & Westenholz 2013
303:Asher-Greve & Westenholz 2013
728:Wiggermann, Frans A. M. (1998),
598:del Olmo Lete, Gregorio (2014).
369:Cavigneaux & Krebernik 1998
108:, is considered to be unusual.
1:
556:Beaulieu, Paul-Alain (1992).
734:Reallexikon der Assyriologie
585:Reallexikon der Assyriologie
627:"A New Text About Nin-abul"
218:losing its influence after
778:
653:10.1163/9789004364943_004
70:regarded as a servant of
26:
701:Robson, Eleanor (2019).
625:Gadotti, Alhena (2015).
191:known from a copy from
139:, "vizieress") and the
757:Mesopotamian goddesses
602:. Boston: De Gruyter.
116:common in late texts.
670:Krul, Julia (2018a).
641:Krul, Julia (2018).
187:incantation against
68:Mesopotamian goddess
16:Mesopotamian goddess
762:Messenger goddesses
678:. Münster: Zaphon.
177:Paul-Alain Beaulieu
143:(divine vizier) of
84:and documents from
74:and as the wife of
428:del Olmo Lete 2014
714:978-1-78735-595-8
562:Acta Sumerologica
548:978-3-7278-1738-0
469:, pp. 67–68.
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37:Major cult center
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157:In the god list
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197:Old Babylonian
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707:. UCL Press.
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685:3-96327-010-1
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662:9789004364936
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609:1-61451-627-8
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493:, p. 70.
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475:
472:
468:
467:Beaulieu 1992
463:
460:
457:, p. 54.
456:
455:Beaulieu 1992
451:
449:
445:
442:, p. 75.
441:
436:
433:
430:, p. 44.
429:
424:
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417:
416:Beaulieu 1992
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400:
399:Beaulieu 1992
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345:Beaulieu 1992
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335:, p. 53.
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333:Beaulieu 1992
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320:, p. 48.
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318:Beaulieu 1992
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281:, p. 51.
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279:Beaulieu 1992
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254:(the wife of
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718:. Retrieved
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599:
589:, retrieved
584:
569:. Retrieved
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561:
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525:Bibliography
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486:
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423:
386:, p. 9.
384:Gadotti 2015
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129:lexical text
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79:
63:
62:
28:Courtier of
730:"Nin-šubur"
587:(in German)
581:"Nin-abula"
479:Robson 2019
208:Uṣur-amāssu
751:Categories
739:2022-04-22
720:2022-04-22
694:1038056453
591:2022-04-22
571:2022-04-21
503:Krul 2018a
266:References
252:Sadarnunna
137:nin-sukkal
64:Amasagnudi
22:Amasagnudi
647:. BRILL.
618:948655744
491:Krul 2018
440:Krul 2018
357:Krul 2018
224:An = Anum
181:An = Anum
165:Papsukkal
160:An = Anum
133:Ninshubur
123:Character
106:Ama-arḫuš
81:An = Anum
76:Papsukkal
56:Papsukkal
47:Genealogy
189:Lamashtu
185:Akkadian
114:Sumerian
86:Seleucid
260:Ašratum
220:Persian
216:Babylon
171:Worship
711:
692:
682:
659:
616:
606:
545:
258:) and
204:Nanaya
193:Ugarit
152:Inanna
141:sukkal
66:was a
52:Spouse
630:(PDF)
539:(PDF)
256:Nuska
240:Shala
709:ISBN
690:OCLC
680:ISBN
657:ISBN
636:(1).
614:OCLC
604:ISBN
543:ISBN
248:Gula
212:Antu
95:Name
89:Uruk
41:Uruk
649:doi
244:Aya
145:Anu
102:ama
72:Anu
30:Anu
753::
732:,
688:.
674:.
655:.
632:.
612:.
583:,
566:14
564:.
560:.
541:.
447:^
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325:^
310:^
262:.
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242:,
167:.
147:.
91:.
723:.
696:.
665:.
651::
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574:.
551:.
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