459:, were wintering amongst the Nervii. Leading a coalition of rebellious Belgic tribes, Ambiorix surrounded Cicero's camp. After a long while, a Roman messenger was finally able to slip through the Belgic lines and get word of the uprising to Caesar. Mobilizing his legions, Caesar immediately marched to Cicero's aid. As they approached the besieged Roman camp, the Belgae moved to engage Caesar's troops. Vastly outnumbered, Caesar ordered his troops to appear confused and frightened, and they successfully lured the Belgae to attack them on ground favourable to the Romans. Caesar's forces launched a fierce counterattack, and soon put the Belgae to flight. Later, Caesar's troops entered Cicero's camp to find most of the men wounded.
440:
32:
140:
466:, a leader of the Treveri, began to harass Labienus's camp daily, eventually provoking Labienus to send out his cavalry with specific orders to kill Indutiomarus. They did so, and routed the remnants of Indutiomarus's army. Caesar personally remained in Gaul for the remainder of winter due to the renewed Gallic threat.
448:
them the attack was made without his consent, and further advised them to flee as a large
Germanic force was preparing to cross the Rhine. Trusting Ambiorix, Sabinus and Cotta's troops left the next morning. A short distance from their camp, the Roman troops were ambushed by the Eburones and massacred.
447:
Because a drought had disrupted his grain supply, Caesar was forced to winter his legions among the rebellious Belgic tribes. Roman troops led by
Sabinus and Cotta were wintering among the Eburones when they were attacked by them, led by Ambiorix and Cativolcus. Ambiorix deceived the Romans, telling
486:, failed due to the timely appearance of Caesar. The Roman campaigns against the Belgae took a few years, but eventually the tribes were slaughtered or driven out and their fields burned. The Eburones disappeared from history after this genocidal event. According to the writer
648:
367:
River; and the north-western portion of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany). There were several tribes in the country who fought against each other frequently. The
997:
1007:
982:
439:
927:
216:
515:
Ambiorix remained a relatively obscure figure until the nineteenth century. The independence of
Belgium in 1830 spurred a search for
933:
836:
115:
1002:
916:"Aduatuca, 'place of the prophet'. The names of the Eburones as representatives of a Celtic language, with an excursus on Tungri"
639:
591:
53:
771:
643:
635:
320:
260:
96:
594:
go to
Belgium because they are angry with Caesar about his remark that the Belgians are the bravest of all the Gauls.
523:, Ambiorix and his deeds were rediscovered. In 1841, the Belgian poet Joannes Nolet de Brauwere Van Steeland wrote a
375:. In 54 BCE, Caesar's troops urgently needed more food, and so the local tribes were forced to give up part of their
68:
42:
653:
530:
about
Ambiorix. Furthermore, on September 5, 1866, a statue of Ambiorix was erected on the main market square in
422:
49:
75:
992:
418:
565:, which featured a scientist teleporting a Belgic chief, loosely based on Ambiorix, to modern-day Belgium.
479:
452:
82:
890:
793:
308:
434:
336:
64:
478:
heard what had happened, Caesar swore to destroy all the Belgic tribes. Ambiorix had killed fifteen
866:
251:
797:
574:
923:
854:
832:
902:
878:
824:
504:
363:(Belgium, modern-day Northern France, Luxembourg, part of present-day Netherlands below the
20:
829:
Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental
508:. In this text he also famously wrote: "Of these , the Belgae are the bravest." ("...
987:
613:
516:
554:
414:
236:
967:
89:
976:
402:
384:
255:
657:
524:
502:
Caesar wrote about
Ambiorix in his commentary about his battles against the Gauls,
475:
463:
392:
288:('king'), but the meaning of the first element is debated. Some scholars translate
482:. A Belgic attack on Cicero, then stationed with a legion in the territory of the
953:
846:
775:
527:
31:
789:
410:
372:
292:
as the 'king of the surroundings' or 'king of the enclosure', by interpreting
220:
858:
882:
869:(1995). "Préverbes gaulois suffixés en -io- : ambio-, ario-, cantio-".
388:
301:
247:
300:('around, on both sides') meaning 'surroundings' or else 'enclosure' (cf.
906:
587:
546:
535:
531:
406:
395:
380:
368:
224:
167:
145:
790:"Civilization VI - First Look: Gaul Civilization VI - New Frontier Pass"
443:
Ambiorix attacking Roman soldiers, relief at the Liège
Provincial Palace
579:
569:
558:
542:
376:
360:
277:
244:
240:
212:
851:
Gaulish
Personal Names: A Study of Some Continental Celtic Formations
758:
583:
550:
487:
483:
456:
228:
159:
957:
v. 26–51, vi. 29–43, viii. 24; Dio
Cassius xl. 7–11; Florus iii. 10.
915:
139:
491:
438:
364:
561:
he plays a guest role. There was also a short-lived comic called
391:
was ordered to make sure the food supplies were delivered to the
356:
232:
196:
25:
920:
608:
383:
Eburones were reluctant to do so and Caesar ordered that
379:, which had not been good that year. Understandably, the
541:
Today, Ambiorix is one of the most famous characters in
490:, Ambiorix and his men succeeded in escaping across the
243:
is located. In the nineteenth century Ambiorix became a
649:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
549:
have named themselves after him, and in many Belgian
324:
413:in the winter of 54 BCE in an uprising against the
190:
182:
177:
165:
157:
130:
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
215:"king of the surroundings", or "king-protector") (
603:Ambiorix leads the Gallic civilization in the
398:. This created resentment among the Eburones.
8:
355:In 57 BCE, Julius Caesar conquered parts of
387:be built near the Eburones' villages. Each
138:
127:
722:
678:
405:had freed him from paying tribute to the
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
746:
734:
686:
682:
710:
674:
627:
698:
670:
451:Elsewhere, another Roman force under
315:as the 'protector-king', by deriving
280:personal name formed with the prefix
7:
998:1st-century BC Gaulish tribal chiefs
895:Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie
534:, Belgium, referred to by Caesar as
54:adding citations to reliable sources
1008:Barbarian people of the Gallic Wars
510:Horum omnium fortissimi sunt Belgae
342:'protector, ruler, master, king').
922:. Gallo-Roman Museum of Tongeren.
656:. pp. 138–139. Archived from
545:history. Many companies, bars and
14:
983:1st-century BC monarchs in Europe
939:from the original on 2022-10-09.
455:, younger brother of the orator
30:
800:from the original on 2021-11-22
41:needs additional citations for
272:It is generally accepted that
1:
796:Website. September 22, 2020.
772:"Ambionix official home page"
307:'enclosure'). Alternatively,
219:54–53 BC) was, together with
918:. In Creemers, Guido (ed.).
893:(2007). "Gaulish ambiorix".
261:Commentarii de Bello Gallico
538:, i.e. Atuatuca Tungrorum.
494:and vanished from history.
371:were ruled by Ambiorix and
1024:
432:
325:
194:Unknown year in the era BC
158:King and chieftain of the
18:
914:Toorians, Lauran (2013).
654:Little, Brown and Company
423:Lucius Aurunculeius Cotta
258:, as written in Caesar's
202:
173:
153:
137:
419:Quintus Titurius Sabinus
296:as a thematized form of
1003:Early Germanic warriors
883:10.3406/ecelt.1995.2065
652:. Vol. 1. Boston:
469:
231:tribe of north-eastern
19:For the racehorse, see
453:Quintus Tullius Cicero
444:
144:Statue of Ambiorix in
442:
309:Fredrik Otto Lindeman
907:10.1515/ZCPH.2007.50
891:Lindeman, Fredrik O.
867:Lambert, Pierre-Yves
677:, pp. 116–117;
673:, pp. 134–136;
660:on November 2, 2013.
568:In the French comic
429:Resisting the Romans
50:improve this article
853:. Clarendon Press.
749:, pp. 114–115.
713:, pp. 115–116.
701:, pp. 134–136.
689:, pp. 114–115.
607:season pass of the
321:Proto-Indo-European
681:, pp. 41–42;
598:In popular culture
575:Asterix in Belgium
445:
409:, Ambiorix joined
335:('protector'; cf.
929:978-90-74605-61-8
825:Delamarre, Xavier
725:, pp. 41–42.
435:Ambiorix's revolt
206:
205:
126:
125:
118:
100:
1015:
954:De Bello Gallico
940:
938:
910:
886:
871:Études celtiques
862:
842:
810:
809:
807:
805:
786:
780:
779:
774:. Archived from
768:
762:
756:
750:
744:
738:
732:
726:
720:
714:
708:
702:
696:
690:
668:
662:
661:
632:
521:De Bello Gallico
505:De Bello Gallico
470:Caesar's revenge
334:
333:
239:), where modern
223:, prince of the
218:
178:Personal details
142:
128:
121:
114:
110:
107:
101:
99:
58:
34:
26:
21:Ambiorix (horse)
1023:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1014:
1013:
1012:
993:Celtic warriors
973:
972:
964:
948:
946:Primary sources
943:
936:
930:
913:
889:
865:
847:Evans, D. Ellis
845:
839:
823:
819:
814:
813:
803:
801:
788:
787:
783:
770:
769:
765:
757:
753:
745:
741:
733:
729:
721:
717:
709:
705:
697:
693:
669:
665:
634:
633:
629:
624:
614:Civilization VI
600:
572:, in the album
517:national heroes
500:
472:
437:
431:
353:
348:
270:
250:because of his
195:
149:
133:
122:
111:
105:
102:
59:
57:
47:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1021:
1019:
1011:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
975:
974:
971:
970:
963:
962:External links
960:
959:
958:
947:
944:
942:
941:
928:
911:
887:
877:(1): 115–121.
863:
843:
837:
820:
818:
815:
812:
811:
781:
778:on 2008-09-15.
763:
761:, iii. 10. § 8
751:
739:
727:
723:Delamarre 2003
715:
703:
691:
685:, p. 53;
679:Delamarre 2003
663:
636:Smith, William
626:
625:
623:
620:
619:
618:
599:
596:
592:Vitalstatistix
555:Suske en Wiske
519:. In Caesar's
499:
496:
471:
468:
433:Main article:
430:
427:
352:
349:
347:
344:
269:
266:
237:Gallia Belgica
227:, leader of a
204:
203:
200:
199:
192:
188:
187:
184:
180:
179:
175:
174:
171:
170:
166:Prince of the
163:
162:
155:
154:
151:
150:
143:
135:
134:
131:
124:
123:
38:
36:
29:
16:Eburonian king
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1020:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
980:
978:
969:
966:
965:
961:
956:
955:
950:
949:
945:
935:
931:
925:
921:
917:
912:
908:
904:
900:
897:(in German).
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
838:9782877723695
834:
830:
826:
822:
821:
816:
804:September 22,
799:
795:
791:
785:
782:
777:
773:
767:
764:
760:
755:
752:
748:
747:Toorians 2013
743:
740:
737:, p. 53.
736:
735:Lindeman 2007
731:
728:
724:
719:
716:
712:
707:
704:
700:
695:
692:
688:
687:Toorians 2013
684:
683:Lindeman 2007
680:
676:
672:
667:
664:
659:
655:
651:
650:
645:
644:William Smith
641:
637:
631:
628:
621:
616:
615:
610:
606:
602:
601:
597:
595:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
576:
571:
566:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
539:
537:
533:
529:
526:
522:
518:
513:
512: ...").
511:
507:
506:
497:
495:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
467:
465:
460:
458:
454:
449:
441:
436:
428:
426:
424:
420:
417:forces under
416:
412:
408:
404:
403:Julius Caesar
399:
397:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
351:Early history
350:
345:
343:
341:
338:
332:
328:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
267:
265:
263:
262:
257:
256:Julius Caesar
253:
249:
248:national hero
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
214:
210:
201:
198:
193:
189:
185:
181:
176:
172:
169:
164:
161:
156:
152:
147:
141:
136:
129:
120:
117:
109:
98:
95:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67: –
66:
62:
61:Find sources:
55:
51:
45:
44:
39:This article
37:
33:
28:
27:
22:
952:
919:
901:(1): 50–55.
898:
894:
874:
870:
850:
828:
817:Bibliography
802:. Retrieved
794:Civilization
784:
776:the original
766:
754:
742:
730:
718:
711:Lambert 1995
706:
694:
675:Lambert 1995
666:
658:the original
647:
630:
612:
605:New Frontier
604:
573:
567:
562:
540:
520:
514:
509:
503:
501:
476:Roman senate
473:
464:Indutiomarus
461:
450:
446:
400:
354:
339:
330:
326:
316:
312:
304:
297:
293:
289:
285:
284:attached to
281:
273:
271:
259:
208:
207:
112:
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
831:. Errance.
792:. Official
611:video game
462:Meanwhile,
977:Categories
699:Evans 1967
671:Evans 1967
640:"Ambiorix"
622:References
411:Catuvolcus
373:Catuvolcus
252:resistance
221:Cativolcus
148:, Belgium.
106:March 2022
76:newspapers
65:"Ambiorix"
859:468437906
547:friteries
474:When the
401:Although
389:centurion
359:and also
346:Biography
337:Old Indic
323:compound
319:from the
302:Old Irish
968:Ambiorix
951:Caesar,
934:Archived
849:(1967).
827:(2003).
798:Archived
638:(1867).
588:Dogmatix
563:Ambionix
553:such as
536:Atuatuca
532:Tongeren
407:Atuatuci
396:soldiers
381:starving
369:Eburones
340:adhi-pá-
313:Ambiorix
311:renders
290:Ambiorix
274:Ambiorix
254:against
225:Eburones
209:Ambiorix
168:Eburones
146:Tongeren
132:Ambiorix
646:(ed.).
580:Asterix
570:Asterix
559:Jommeke
543:Belgian
525:lyrical
480:cohorts
377:harvest
361:Belgica
327:*h₂mbhí
278:Gaulish
245:Belgian
241:Belgium
213:Gaulish
186:Unknown
90:scholar
988:Belgae
926:
857:
835:
759:Florus
584:Obelix
551:comics
498:Legacy
488:Florus
484:Nervii
457:Marcus
317:ambio-
294:ambio-
282:ambio-
229:Belgic
160:Belgae
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
937:(PDF)
642:. In
492:Rhine
415:Roman
393:Roman
385:camps
365:Rhine
298:ambi-
276:is a
97:JSTOR
83:books
924:ISBN
855:OCLC
833:ISBN
806:2020
590:and
557:and
528:epic
421:and
357:Gaul
331:péh₃
305:imbe
268:Name
233:Gaul
197:Gaul
191:Died
183:Born
69:news
903:doi
879:doi
286:rix
217:fl.
52:by
979::
932:.
899:55
875:31
873:.
609:4X
586:,
582:,
578:,
425:.
264:.
909:.
905::
885:.
881::
861:.
841:.
808:.
617:.
329:-
235:(
211:(
119:)
113:(
108:)
104:(
94:·
87:·
80:·
73:·
46:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
