547:(CDC) published a study that examined dog-bite–related fatalities (human death caused by dog-bite injuries) to "summarize breeds of dogs involved in fatal human attacks during a 20-year period and to assess policy implications." The study examined 238 fatalities between 1979 and 1998 in which the breed of dog was known. It found that "the data indicates that Rottweilers and pit bull–type dogs accounted for 67% of human DBRF (dog bite-related fatality) in the United States between 1979 and 1998" and that it was "extremely unlikely that they accounted for anywhere near 60% of dogs in the United States during that same period and, thus, there appears to be a breed-specific problem with fatalities."
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head and feet of the puppies. This type will usually heal as the puppies grow and their immune systems grow stronger. The second type, which is generalized demodex mange, is a more severe form of the sickness. The symptoms include loss of hair throughout the entire body and the skin may also be scabby and bloody. Generalized mange is usually hereditary due to immunodeficiency genes that are passed on from sire and dam to their puppies. A simple skin scraping test will allow the vet to diagnose demodex mange. The most widely used method to treat demodex mange is
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935:, in the Canadian province of Ontario. Since the ban had been implemented, dog bites involving pit bull types, as identified by the owners or city investigators, had dropped considerably as the registered populations of these breeds decreased in the province's largest city, Toronto. However, "Toronto's reported dog bites have been rising since 2012, and in 2013 and 2014, reached their highest levels this century, even as pit bulls and similar dogs neared local extinction," and evidence published in
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311:, the American Pit Bull Terrier is larger by margins of 6–8 inches (15–20 cm) in height and 25–35 pounds (11–16 kg) in weight. The American Pit Bull Terrier varies in size: males are normally about 18–21 inches (45–53 cm) in height and around 35–60 pounds (15–27 kg) in weight, while females are normally around 17–20 inches (43–50 cm) in height and 30–50 pounds (13–22 kg) in weight.
335:" to encompass a whole category of dogs and the legal use of the term to include several breeds in legislation, some conservative professional breeders of the American Pit Bull Terrier as well as some experts and supporters claim that historically the APBT is the only true "pit bull" and the only breed that should be denominated as such.
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An argument persists concerning whether the
American Pit Bull Terrier and the American Staffordshire Terrier are two separate breeds or still the same breed. Pit Bull and AmStaff breeders have distanced themselves from each other by pursuing different goals over the last 30 years, producing dogs with
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due to culling for performance. There are two different types of demodex mange, namely localized and generalized demodex. Although it is not contagious, it is sometimes difficult to treat due to immunodeficiency in some puppies. The localized symptoms are usually loss of hair in small patches on the
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under the name
Staffordshire Terrier. Wilfred Truman Brandon founded the AKC Staffordshire Terrier Club of America (STCA). The Colby dog named Colby's Primo was one of the first to be regarded as an ideal model of the breed standard in the AKC. The AKC stud book was opened a few more times until it
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in
Ireland that were known as "Old Family". At that time, all the bloodlines were closely inbred with each family clan. Since red is recessive to all colors but white, the strain was known as "Irish Old Family Reds". When the dogs began coming to America, they were already showing the red nose. The
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or a family of bloodlines originating in
Ireland, and known for their specific and unique reddish coloration. Many dogs of the OFRN strain has a copper-red nose and coat, red lips, red toe nails, and red or amber eyes. Not every American Pit Bull Terrier with these characteristics is necessarily an
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The
Castillo bloodline features a mix of other well-known bloodlines, with connections to influential dog breeders like Earl Tudor, Joe Corvino, J.P. Colby, and others. Due to the interconnected nature of the breeding community and the various influences on the bloodline, the Castillo lineage has
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gives this description of the characteristic of the
American Pit Bull dog: "The essential characteristics of the American Pit Bull Terrier are strength, confidence, and zest for life. This breed is eager to please and brimming over with enthusiasm. The breed's natural agility makes it one of the
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is cheaper to organize and far easier to conceal from the law than bull or bear baits, bloodsport proponents turned to pitting their dogs against each other instead. Dog fighting was used as both a bloodsport (often involving gambling) and a way to continue to test the quality of their stock. For
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To this day there are dogs called dual registered, dogs registered at the same time as
American Staffordshire Terrier in the AKC and American Pit Bull Terrier in the UKC, due to past breeders who decided to keep the two pedigree registers parallel. Since 2015 the ADBA classifies most (or all) of
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Media portrayal has significantly impacted how the
American public views the temperament of APBT. A study from 2002 suggests that "news media exaggerates and exacerbates any real or potential problems that exist with Pit Bulls." Other studies also note that many people, including experts such as
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Many strains have been crossed with the Old Family Reds at some time in their existence. Consequently, nearly any strain will occasionally throw a red-nosed pup. This means that not every red-nose dog is a true OFRN. The Old Family Reds produced more than their share of good ones unlike other
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Founded by Tekla
Castillo in the early 1980s, her program focused on conformation standards within the UKC. The Castillo bloodline is a lineage of American Pit Bull Terriers known for its unique combination of different breeding lines, resulting in dogs with desirable traits such as strength,
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For some time in the early part of the 20th century the UKC began to register the breed name with the word "pit" in parentheses (American (Pit) Bull
Terrier), to facilitate public acceptance as an American Bull Terrier. However this only lasted a short time and returned to the previous form.
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in carriage. The tail is prescribed to be slightly thick and tapering to a point. The coat is required by the ADBA to be glossy, smooth, short, and stiff to the touch. Many colors, color patterns, and combinations of colors are acceptable to the ADBA, except that both the ADBA and UKC do not
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Due to their athleticism and diverse breeding background, the breed tends to be hardy, with an average lifespan of 12 to 14 years, longer than many breeds of a similar size. There are some genetic conditions to be watchful for. The breed tends to have bone diseases such as hip dysplasia,
742:, it was later bred to maintain its unique reddish color. Some of the most reputable breeders of the past, such as Lightner, McClintock, Hemphill, Williams, Menefee, Norrod and Wallace have contributed to the preservation and development of the strain. Finally, as McNolty said in his
807:(ADBA), which has registered the American Pit Bull Terrier since 1909, considers the American Staffordshire Terrier to be a separate breed. The UKC is the only kennel club at the moment to accept to register American Staffordshire Terriers as American Pit Bull Terriers. The UKC
928:, Canada, have banned ownership of the American Pit Bull Terrier. In the United Kingdom, it is against the law to own, sell, abandon, give away, or breed a Pit Bull Terrier. As of September 2023, restrictions have been declining with at least 120 repeals since 2018.
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United Kingdom, Brazil, Australia, Ecuador, Malaysia, New Zealand, the territory of Puerto Rico, Singapore, Venezuela, Trinidad and Tobago, Denmark, Israel, France, Germany, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Switzerland, and Turkey have enacted some form of
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on pit bull–type dogs, including American Pit Bull Terriers, ranging from outright bans to restrictions and conditions on ownership. Several states in Australia place restrictions on the breed, including mandatory sterilization. Pit Bull Terriers are banned in the
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The Colby dogs are an ancient black-nosed bloodline that served as one of the pillars of the APBT breed. Considered one of the most important and famous bloodlines, the Colby dogs were started by John Pritchard Colby in 1889, who acquired the best fighting dogs
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of the United Kennel Club in the 1980s. While the history and ancestry of the APBT bloodlines can provide context and insight into the breed's development, it is essential to prioritize responsible breeding practices and the well-being of the individual dogs.
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The ADBA conformation champion dogs differ greatly from UKC and AKC champion dogs. The AKC standard does not accept red nose dogs. The UKC dogs and the AmStaff are generally heavier and more robust and bulky than the ADBA American Pit Bull Terrier dogs.
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renamed pit bull terriers "St. Francis Terriers", hoping that people would be more likely to adopt them. 60 temperament-screened dogs were adopted until the program was halted, after several of the newly adopted pit bulls killed cats. The New York City
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According to the ADBA, the American Pit Bull is described to be medium-sized and has a short coat and smooth well-defined muscle structure, and its eyes are to be round to almond-shaped, and its ears are to be small to medium in length, typically
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than others if not vaccinated, especially as puppies, so vaccination is imperative beginning at 39 days old and continuing every 2 weeks until 4 months old, then again at 8 months, and once a year after that, as recommended for all breeds.
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decades afterwards, dog fighting clandestinely took place in small areas of Britain. These dogs arrived in America around 1845 to 1860, where the dog fighting practice had continuity. On February 10, 1898, the breed was recognized by the
783:(UKC), the American Pit Bull Terrier. The AKC finally decided to accept to register and recognize the American breed, but would rename the breed with the commitment that the associate breeders would not breed dogs for dogfighting.
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was last closed around the 1970s. In 1972 the AKC changed the name of the breed to American Staffordshire Terrier as it already intended to recognize the British Staffordshire Bull Terrier as a separate breed in subsequent years.
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746:(1967), "Regardless of one's historical perspective, these old amber-eyed, red-nosed, red-toe-nailed, red-coated dogs represent some of the most significant pit bull history and tradition that stands on four legs today."
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The standard imposed by the ADBA and Old Family Red Nose Registry (OFRNR) considers human aggression a disqualification factor. The American Preservation Dog Registry (APDR) standard points out that "the temperament
898:(RSPCA) describes how this practice can be dangerous for the hunting dogs, noting that the dogs may experience severe injuries, "heat exhaustion, poisoning, vehicular trauma, snake bite, and accidental shooting".
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and kneecap dislocation. The breed can also have skin problems, such as mange and skin allergies, because of its short coat. Other health ailments seen in the breed include thyroid and congenital heart defects.
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champions are very similar to those of the AKC, as both clubs share many judges. The AKC has not accepted to register American Pit Bull Terrier as American Staffordshire Terriers since the late 20th century.
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animal control officers and veterinarians, falsely report any stocky short-haired dogs as Pit Bulls. Consequently, Pit Bulls have a lower probability of adoption or even being taken into shelters for care.
856:"superdog" status (by gaining championship titles in conformation, obedience, agility, and weightpull), 34 have been American Pit Bull Terriers, and another 13 were American Staffordshire Terriers.
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most capable canine climbers so good fencing is a must for this breed. This breed does very well in performance events because of its high level of intelligence and its willingness to work."
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in America In addition, law enforcement organizations report these dogs are used for other nefarious purposes, such as guarding illegal narcotics operations, use against police, and as
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intelligence, and temperament. The bloodline's foundation includes dogs such as "PR" Nelson's Hazard Joe, born from breeding between Camarano's Buster Jo and Coonie's Bonnie.
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702:. For this reason, Pincher is present in the pedigree of the vast majority of APBT specimens. The Colby dogs bloodline remains preserved by the family of John P. Colby.
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American Bull Terrier without the "pit" (a word that referred to dogfighting arenas) was the first name considered by the AKC, but quickly dismissed due to protests by
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Philipp, Ute; Hamann, Henning; Mecklenburg, Lars; Nishino, Seiji; Mignot, Emmanuel; GĂĽnzel-Apel, Anne-Rose; Schmutz, Sheila M.; Leeb, Tosso (December 23, 2004).
619:. American Pit Bull Terriers with dilute coat colors have not had a higher occurrence of skin allergies as other breeds. As a breed they are more susceptible to
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790:'s breeders. Yankee Terrier was another option, also dismissed. The name "Staffordshire Terrier" was chosen with the claim that the breed originally came from
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on pit bull–type dogs, including American Pit Bull Terriers, ranging from outright bans to restrictions on import and conditions on ownership. The state of
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and is suitable for a wide range of working disciplines due to their intelligence, high energy, and endurance. In the United States they have been used as
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tried a similar approach in 2004, relabeling their pit bulls as "New Yorkies", but dropped the idea in the face of overwhelming public opposition.
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439:. These dogs arrived in the United States in the late nineteenth century where they became the direct ancestors of the American Pit Bull Terrier.
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In 2014, new statistical evidence emerged regarding the province-wide ban on "pit bulls", more specifically the American Pit Bull Terrier and
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injections or oral medications. Since demodex mange lives in the hair follicles of the dog, ivermectin will kill these mites at the source.
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Lockwood, Randall (1987). "Are 'Pit Bulls' Different? An Analysis of the Pit Bull Terrier Controversy". ANTHROlOOS, vol. 1.
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Twining, Hillary (2000). "Managing the Stigma of Outlaw Breeds: A Case Study of Pit Bull Owners". Society & Animals.
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OFRN, since for this the dog must have a high percentage of the recognized bloodlines of this family in its pedigree.
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strains are known. Old Family Reds were sought after for their gameness. The original strain continues to be bred.
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expanded as a result of the collective efforts of multiple breeders who contributed to its development over time.
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3163:"Information on The Dog Owners' Liability Act and Public Safety Related to Dogs Statute Law Amendment Act, 2005"
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1265:"Information on The Dog Owners' Liability Act and Public Safety Related to Dogs Statute Law Amendment Act, 2005"
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in America for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt hogs, and drive livestock, and as family companions.
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This article is about the dog breed. For the family of dogs, including legal status worldwide, see
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American Pit Bull Terriers: Fact or Fiction: The Truth Behind One of America's Most Popular Breeds
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2360:"The origin and differences between the American Staffordshire Terrier and the American Pit Bull…"
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303:(AKC). It is a medium-sized, short-haired dog, of a solid build, whose early ancestors came from
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2570:"Single Registration Requirements : American Pit Bull Terrier | United Kennel Club (UKC)"
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1895:"Breeds of dogs involved in fatal human attacks in the United States between 1979 and 1998"
454:. These bloodsports were banned in 1835 when Britain introduced animal welfare laws. Since
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Colby's Pincher, a great-grandson of the famous Lloyd's Pilot. Weight 56 pounds. US, 1896.
411:"Watchful-Waiting". World War I poster featuring a pit bull as a representation of the US.
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2046:"Polymorphisms within the canine MLPH gene are associated with dilute coat color in dogs"
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1782:"Q: When is a pit bull terrier not a pit bull terrier? A: When it's a patriot terrier"
694:) imported from Ireland and England. One of the most famous dogs of his bloodline was
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In some places they are often a favorite dog for catching feral pigs. Although, the
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In an effort to counter the fighting reputation of pit bull–type dogs, in 1996 the
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1978:"American Pit Bull Terrier Dog Breed Hypoallergenic, Health and Life Span | PetMD"
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in Australia places restrictions on the breed, including mandatory sterilization.
3209:"Toronto's pit bulls are almost gone. So why are there more dog bites than ever?"
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Cohen, Judy (2002). "Pit Bull Panic". Journal of Popular Culture, vol. 36, no. 2.
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2834:"Customs (Prohibited Imports) Regulations 1956 No. 90, as amended – Schedule 1"
607:. Culling for performance has helped eliminate this problem and others such as
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2940:. Puerto Rico Office of Legislative Services. July 23, 1998. Archived from
2788:"What happens when dogs are used to hunt feral pigs? – RSPCA Knowledgebase"
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3137:"Pit bull bite prompts call for national approach to dangerous dog breeds"
497:. Pit Bull Terriers also constitute the majority of dogs used for illegal
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these dual registered (AKC-UKC) dogs as American Staffordshire Terriers.
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The Dogs Who Found Me: What I've Learned from Pets Who Were Left Behind
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A regular male red nose Pitbull (APBT), not OFRN dog, with cropped ears
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Staffordshire Bull Terriers: A Practical Guide for Owners and Breeders
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1634:"Shooting highlights the risks dogs pose to police, and vice versa"
2862:(in Spanish). Ecuador: Diaro Hoy. February 4, 2009. Archived from
2860:"Ecuador descalifica a perros pit bull y rottweiler como mascotas"
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1169:"History of the Pit Bull – Facts and Myths About Pit Bull History"
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2991:(in Spanish). Managua, Nicaragua. January 6, 2010. Archived from
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UKC Application for American Pit Bull Terrier Single Registration
2096:"Parvovirus in Dogs -Signs – Diagnosis – Treatment of Parvovirus"
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implicates several other dog breeds had contributed to the rise.
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Australian Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
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in England. On June 10, 1936, around 50 UKC dogs entered the AKC
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Certain cities in the United States, as well as the province of
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2767:"Are Pit Bulls Good Hunting Dogs? - (Answered & Explained)"
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San Francisco Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
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ADBA Heritage American Pit Bull Terrier Conformation Standard
3165:. Ministry of the Attorney General of Ontario. Archived from
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2425:"Congratulations on Your New American Staffordshire Terrier"
1324:. United Kennel Club (UKC). November 1, 2008. Archived from
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2545:"Heritage American Pit Bull Terrier Conformation Standard®"
2217:"Colby kennel (Official Site) – History and pedigree. 2017"
1576:. Humane Society of the United States. 2009. Archived from
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The breed tends to have a higher than average incidence of
2915:. New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs. July 2, 2009
1994:
American pit bull terriers/American Staffordshire terriers
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strain was accepted and registered as a purebred breed by
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Multiple accepted colours and combinations (except merle).
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In the middle of the 19th century, there was a strain of
3116:. Sydney, Australia: Australian Broadcasting Corporation
2487:"American Dog Breeders Assoc APBT Stud Book Corrections"
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of the terrier with the strength and athleticism of the
3071:[Directive on Dangerous Animals] (in Turkish).
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1125:"ADBA – American Pit Bull Terrier Color Chart Gallery"
1081:"Official list of all American Kennel Club dog breeds"
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physical and temperament differences. Since 2015, the
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In the United Kingdom, bull and terriers were used in
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were bred together to produce a dog that combined the
2098:. Vetmedicine.about.com. June 2, 2013. Archived from
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2242:, The Encyclopedia of the American Pit Bull Terrier"
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to provide services to the deaf, as well as general
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that are typical in the breed are solid and tuxedo.
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2124:. Sheltermedicine.vet.cornell.edu. January 15, 2008
2021:. Orthopedic Foundation for Animals. Archived from
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1267:. Ministry of the Attorney General. Archived from
470:In the early 20th century, pit bulls were used as
2985:"Venezuela restringe tenencia de perros Pit Bull"
2636:"ASPCA: Pet Care: Dog Care: Pit Bull Information"
2019:"Statistics and Data – American Pit Bull Terrier"
2122:"Shelter Medicine – Cornell Veterinary Medicine"
1405:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 25.
1056:"ADBA Standard of the American pit bull terrier"
1353:. Rogerson & Tuxford. June 1812. p. 97
1028:"UKC Standard of the American Pit Bull Terrier"
2740:"LawDogsUSA // Detection Dogs Made In America"
387:, and in many locations in the United States.
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3069:"Tehlike Arz Eden Hayvanlara Ä°liĹźkin Genelge"
2935:"H.B. 595 (Law 198) – Approved July 23, 1998"
2192:Colby's Book of the American Pit Bull Terrier
1632:Baker, Al; Warren, Mathew R. (July 9, 2009).
1521:"Protecting the Nation – One Sniff at a Time"
415:Until the mid-19th century the since-extinct
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3314:United Kennel Club American Pit Bull Terrier
3057:. Vancouver City Council. February 17, 2005.
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4326:Dog breeds originating in the United States
2836:. Commonwealth of Australia. July 6, 2009.
1697:. San Francisco, California. Archived from
1147:"A Note on the Use of the Term, "Pit Bull""
202:Red, black and buckskin are the most common
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1902:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1752:"NYC; Rebrand Fido? An idea best put down"
1721:"Bring breeders of high-risk dogs to heel"
1609:. Vol. 67, no. 4. Archived from
1461:The World of the American Pit Bull Terrier
1402:Pit Bull: The Battle over an American Icon
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545:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
463:(UKC) named as American Pit Bull Terrier.
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2515:"Breed Reclassification Process Underway"
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1549:"Trainer turns pit bull into therapy dog"
1519:Lewin, Adrienne Mand (October 12, 2005).
828:American Pit Bull Terriers excel in many
3189:"Vindication for Ontario's pit bull ban"
2434:. Staffordshire Terrier Club of America.
2265:
2263:
680:
331:Despite the colloquial use of the term "
2189:Colby, Louis B.; Jessup, Diane (1997).
1050:
1048:
1008:
338:Twelve countries in Europe, as well as
2809:"Portaria n.o 422/2004 de 24 de Abril"
2437:
1889:
1887:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1012:
852:. Out of the 115 dogs who have earned
431:. This type of dog, which was bred in
3986:Dogs originating in the United States
3821:English Toy Terrier (Black & Tan)
2609:Zaurisio, Neylor (November 1, 2019).
2604:
2602:
2509:
2507:
2419:
2417:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2358:Zaurisio, Neylor (November 2, 2019).
2353:
2351:
2349:
1795:from the original on January 11, 2022
1779:Laurence, Charles (January 4, 2004).
1453:
1451:
1449:
1234:
1232:
1230:
710:Old Family Red Nose (OFRN) is an old
648:, many originating in "professional"
543:In September 2000, the United States
7:
3073:Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry
1872:. American Preservation Dog Registry
1750:Haberman, Clyde (January 13, 2004).
871:performing narcotics and explosives
3207:Cain, Patrick (February 20, 2016).
2913:"Dog Control Amendment Act of 2003"
2642:from the original on August 1, 2008
2611:"The so-called "modern" bloodlines"
2326:Beaufoy, James (February 2, 2016).
1964:"Breed Info – Animal Health Center"
1662:"'Dangerous dogs' weapon of choice"
859:The American Pit Bull Terrier is a
477:Pit Bull Terriers fill the role of
3283:American Pit Bull Terrier Handbook
3075:. December 9, 2021. Archived from
3036:"List of Banned Dogs by Countries"
2840:from the original on June 19, 2009
2543:Bullock, Tyler (January 2, 2018).
2393:American Pit Bull Terrier Handbook
2165:"Tekla Castillo's California Pits"
1689:"Shouldn't we just kill this dog?"
1496:(10). October 2002. Archived from
1426:Janish, Joseph (January 2, 2012).
1103:"Dog Coat Patterns – Caninest.com"
540:be totally reliable with people".
515:Center for Animal Care and Control
14:
3187:Kay, Jonathan. (6 October 2014).
3135:Hughes, Gary (October 20, 2009).
3114:"NSW bans pit bull terrier breed"
2885:A. Hamid, Rashita (May 9, 2012).
2549:American Dog Breeders Association
2522:American Dog Breeders Association
2491:American Dog Breeders Association
2465:American Dog Breeders Association
1848:American Dog Breeders Association
1687:Cothran, George (June 11, 1997).
1601:"The pit bull: friend and killer"
1375:Animals and the Law: A Sourcebook
977:Dog fighting in the United States
805:American Dog Breeders Association
307:. When compared with the English
297:American Dog Breeders Association
249:American Dog Breeders Association
180:13.6–22.6 kg (30–50 lb)
170:15.8–27.2 kg (35–60 lb)
2272:"Reds History – Old Family Reds"
1240:"Controlling your dog in public"
775:. One year later in America the
562:
3286:. Barron's Educational Series.
2397:. Barron's Educational Series.
1997:. Barron's Educational Series.
1904:. April 1, 2008. Archived from
1817:. Official UKC breed standard.
1399:Dickey, Bronwen (May 1, 2016).
738:Although once renowned for its
698:. Pincher was widely used as a
489:, French Ring Sport, Top Dog),
4064:American Staffordshire Terrier
3780:American Staffordshire Terrier
3477:Villanuco de Las Encartaciones
2716:. October 2002. Archived from
2485:Bullock, Tyler (May 1, 2016).
2459:Bullock, Tyler (May 1, 2016).
2389:Stahlkuppe, Joe (April 2000).
2306:www.southerninfernokennels.com
1727:. January 2004. Archived from
1547:Simon, Scott (June 21, 2008).
1429:American Staffordshire Terrier
1215:. Diane Jessup. March 20, 2012
961:American Staffordshire Terrier
933:American Staffordshire Terrier
756:American Staffordshire Terrier
750:American Staffordshire Terrier
597:canine degenerative myelopathy
383:, in the Canadian province of
32:American Staffordshire Terrier
1:
3112:Barlow, Karen (May 3, 2005).
1599:Swift, E.M. (July 27, 1987).
1458:Stratton, Richard F. (1983).
1432:. i5 Publishing. p. 13.
652:throughout the 20th century.
159:43–50 cm (17–20 in)
149:45–53 cm (18–21 in)
3038:. PETolog. October 29, 2022.
2688:"So That Others May Live..."
1351:"Sporting Magazine: Dustman"
374:, have enacted some form of
4165:Miniature American Shepherd
3684:West Highland White Terrier
3462:Soft-coated Wheaten Terrier
2714:"Kool K-9 Popsicle retires"
1870:"American Pit Bull Terrier"
1815:"American Pit Bull Terrier"
1486:"Cool K-9 Popsicle retires"
1322:"American Pit Bull Terrier"
4354:
4034:American English Coonhound
3999:Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog
3805:Staffordshire Bull Terrier
3447:Ratonero Bodeguero Andaluz
2971:December 29, 2009, at the
2765:M, Logan (June 18, 2021).
1294:"BSL Continues To Crumble"
915:breed-specific legislation
908:Breed-specific legislation
905:
902:Breed-specific legislation
773:Staffordshire Bull Terrier
753:
376:breed-specific legislation
309:Staffordshire Bull Terrier
28:Staffordshire Bull Terrier
25:
18:
4284:
4235:Treeing Tennessee Brindle
4146:a/k/a Florida Cracker Cur
4059:American Pit Bull Terrier
4049:American Hairless Terrier
3913:
3862:American Hairless Terrier
3775:American Pit Bull Terrier
3748:Treeing Tennessee Brindle
3372:
2056:. Biomedcentral.com: 34.
1574:"Dog Fighting Fact Sheet"
1378:. ABC-CLIO. p. 284.
1361:– via Google Books.
655:Others developed for the
281:American Pit Bull Terrier
263:
252:
240:
226:
217:
209:
199:
187:
133:
49:
45:American Pit Bull Terrier
4240:Treeing Walker Coonhound
4124:Chesapeake Bay Retriever
3280:Stahlkuppe, Joe (2000).
2893:. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
1991:Stahlkuppe, Joe (2000).
1372:Curnutt, Jordan (2001).
995:Pit Bulls & Parolees
617:congenital heart defects
26:Not to be confused with
4210:Teddy Roosevelt Terrier
4084:Black and Tan Coonhound
4029:American Cocker Spaniel
3674:Teddy Roosevelt Terrier
3055:"Administrative report"
2887:"Pit bull kills jogger"
2195:. T.F.H. Publications.
1464:. T.F.H. Publications.
485:, athletic sport dogs (
4220:Toy Manchester Terrier
4180:Olde English Bulldogge
4074:American Water Spaniel
4054:American Leopard Hound
3841:Toy Manchester Terrier
3800:Miniature Bull Terrier
3669:Sporting Lucas Terrier
3614:Dandie Dinmont Terrier
3515:Danish–Swedish Farmdog
3432:Parson Russell Terrier
3240:Capp, Dawn M. (2004).
2444:: CS1 maint: others (
2063:10.1186/1471-2156-6-34
1841:APBT official standard
1083:. American Kennel Club
968:(ancestor of the APBT)
865:search and rescue dogs
723:
686:
435:, became known as the
412:
404:
4150:Mackenzie River husky
4119:Catahoula Leopard Dog
3900:English White Terrier
3890:Black and Tan Terrier
3867:Russian Black Terrier
3713:Catahoula Leopard Dog
3634:Miniature Fox Terrier
3619:Glen of Imaal Terrier
3574:Black Russian Terrier
3015:"The Dog Control Act"
2947:on September 27, 2011
2461:"History of the ADBA"
2276:www.oldfamilyreds.com
2144:"Fiapbt – Bloodlines"
1553:National Public Radio
1191:"What is a Pit Bull?"
850:obedience competition
760:In 1935 in England a
721:
684:
644:The APBT has several
410:
398:
231:Kennel club standards
3624:Jack Russell Terrier
3259:Foster, Ken (2006).
3244:. Doral Publishing.
3169:on December 24, 2009
2432:American Kennel Club
1694:San Francisco Weekly
1271:on December 24, 2009
788:English Bull Terrier
777:American Kennel Club
421:Old English Bulldogs
417:Old English Terriers
346:, some parts of the
301:American Kennel Club
299:(ADBA), but not the
4331:Dog fighting breeds
4155:Majestic Tree Hound
4079:Australian Shepherd
4039:American Eskimo Dog
3679:Tenterfield Terrier
3553:Miniature Schnauzer
3427:Old English Terrier
3143:. Sydney, Australia
3079:on December 9, 2021
2746:on January 14, 2009
2720:on October 24, 2011
2596:United Kennel Club.
2025:on February 9, 2010
1966:. November 2, 2022.
1791:. London, England.
1788:The Daily Telegraph
1701:on February 9, 2012
1613:on November 4, 2012
1500:on October 24, 2011
1149:. The Real Pit Bull
982:Old English Bulldog
706:Old Family Red Nose
125:Old English Terrier
120:Old English Bulldog
4099:Bluetick Coonhound
4069:American Staghound
3921:Bull-type terriers
3599:Australian Terrier
3558:Standard Schnauzer
3530:Miniature Pinscher
3467:Terrier Brasileiro
3457:Smooth Fox Terrier
3437:Patterdale Terrier
3422:Manchester Terrier
3412:Kerry Blue Terrier
3392:Ca Rater MallorquĂ
3382:Bedlington Terrier
1819:United Kennel Club
1757:The New York Times
1725:Animal People News
1668:. December 2, 2009
1639:The New York Times
1606:Sports Illustrated
1490:U.S. Customs Today
1213:"Working Pit Bull"
1193:. pitbulltruth.org
972:Bull-type terriers
956:List of dog breeds
781:United Kennel Club
724:
687:
664:Castillo Pit Bulls
657:conformation shows
627:They are prone to
574:. You can help by
461:United Kennel Club
413:
405:
403:type. Paris, 1863.
317:half prick or rose
293:United Kennel Club
291:recognized by the
237:United Kennel Club
16:American dog breed
4308:
4307:
4195:Redbone Coonhound
4144:Florida Brown Dog
4044:American Foxhound
3953:
3952:
3895:Blue Paul Terrier
3846:Yorkshire Terrier
3756:
3755:
3587:
3586:
3510:Austrian Pinscher
3472:Valencian Terrier
3452:Ratonero Murciano
3194:The National Post
2866:on March 12, 2009
2404:978-1-4380-8141-0
2339:978-1-78500-097-3
2248:on March 21, 2012
2202:978-0-7938-2091-7
1911:on April 11, 2015
1731:on April 15, 2010
1471:978-0-87666-851-1
1439:978-1-59378-983-1
1412:978-0-307-96177-8
1385:978-1-57607-147-2
692:bull and terriers
592:
591:
277:
276:
259:
258:
222:
221:
4343:
4271:Hawaiian Poi Dog
4200:Silken Windhound
4134:English Shepherd
4019:American Bulldog
4014:Alaskan Malamute
4009:Alaskan Klee Kai
3980:
3973:
3966:
3957:
3790:Bull and terrier
3762:Bull-type breeds
3659:Sealyham Terrier
3654:Scottish Terrier
3629:Japanese Terrier
3487:Wire Fox Terrier
3417:Lakeland Terrier
3377:Airedale Terrier
3370:
3363:
3343:
3336:
3329:
3320:
3297:
3276:
3255:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3221:
3204:
3198:
3185:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3174:
3159:
3153:
3152:
3150:
3148:
3132:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3121:
3109:
3103:
3102:
3095:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3084:
3065:
3059:
3058:
3051:
3040:
3039:
3032:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3021:
3011:
3005:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2995:on July 20, 2010
2981:
2975:
2963:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2952:
2946:
2939:
2931:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2920:
2909:
2903:
2902:
2900:
2898:
2882:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2871:
2856:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2845:
2830:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2819:
2813:
2805:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2794:
2784:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2773:
2762:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2751:
2742:. Archived from
2736:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2725:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2694:on July 31, 2012
2684:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2673:
2668:on June 26, 2012
2664:. Archived from
2658:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2647:
2632:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2621:
2606:
2597:
2591:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2580:
2566:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2555:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2519:
2511:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2471:
2456:
2450:
2449:
2443:
2435:
2429:
2421:
2412:
2411:
2396:
2386:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2370:
2355:
2344:
2343:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2302:"- OFRN History"
2298:
2287:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2270:Vining, Robert.
2267:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2244:. Archived from
2240:Red Nose History
2234:
2228:
2227:
2225:
2223:
2213:
2207:
2206:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2150:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2092:
2086:
2085:
2075:
2065:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2015:
2009:
2008:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1974:
1968:
1967:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1927:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1910:
1899:
1891:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1866:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1845:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1811:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1784:
1776:
1770:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1747:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1717:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1684:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1596:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1580:on July 19, 2009
1570:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1544:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1455:
1444:
1443:
1423:
1417:
1416:
1396:
1390:
1389:
1369:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1347:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1318:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1290:
1281:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1261:
1255:
1254:
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1250:
1236:
1225:
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1222:
1220:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1187:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1143:
1137:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1099:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1060:
1052:
1043:
1042:
1040:
1038:
1032:
1024:
966:Bull and terrier
765:bull and terrier
615:dysfunction and
587:
584:
566:
559:
437:bull and terrier
401:bull and terrier
272:
266:
228:
218:About 8–15 years
207:Litter size
135:
115:Bull and terrier
107:Foundation stock
81:Common nicknames
61:
54:
42:
4353:
4352:
4346:
4345:
4344:
4342:
4341:
4340:
4311:
4310:
4309:
4304:
4280:
4276:Salish Wool Dog
4266:Hare Indian Dog
4254:
4215:Toy Fox Terrier
4089:Black Mouth Cur
3987:
3984:
3954:
3949:
3909:
3905:Paisley Terrier
3876:
3872:Tibetan Terrier
3850:
3836:Toy Fox Terrier
3809:
3752:
3703:Black Mouth Cur
3688:
3644:Norwich Terrier
3639:Norfolk Terrier
3583:
3579:Dutch Smoushond
3562:
3548:Giant Schnauzer
3534:
3525:German Pinscher
3491:
3442:Plummer Terrier
3397:Chilean Terrier
3352:
3347:
3305:
3300:
3294:
3279:
3273:
3265:. Lyons Press.
3258:
3252:
3239:
3235:
3233:Further reading
3230:
3229:
3219:
3217:
3206:
3205:
3201:
3186:
3182:
3172:
3170:
3161:
3160:
3156:
3146:
3144:
3134:
3133:
3129:
3119:
3117:
3111:
3110:
3106:
3101:. Dog bite law.
3097:
3096:
3092:
3082:
3080:
3067:
3066:
3062:
3053:
3052:
3043:
3034:
3033:
3029:
3019:
3017:
3013:
3012:
3008:
2998:
2996:
2983:
2982:
2978:
2973:Wayback Machine
2964:
2960:
2950:
2948:
2944:
2937:
2933:
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2911:
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2867:
2858:
2857:
2853:
2843:
2841:
2832:
2831:
2827:
2817:
2815:
2814:(in Portuguese)
2811:
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2806:
2802:
2792:
2790:
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2785:
2781:
2771:
2769:
2764:
2763:
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2723:
2721:
2712:
2711:
2707:
2697:
2695:
2686:
2685:
2681:
2671:
2669:
2662:"UKC Superdog!"
2660:
2659:
2655:
2645:
2643:
2634:
2633:
2629:
2619:
2617:
2608:
2607:
2600:
2592:
2588:
2578:
2576:
2574:www.ukcdogs.com
2568:
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2231:
2221:
2219:
2215:
2214:
2210:
2203:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2173:
2171:
2169:California Pits
2163:
2162:
2158:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2141:
2137:
2127:
2125:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2105:
2103:
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2016:
2012:
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1824:
1822:
1813:
1812:
1808:
1798:
1796:
1778:
1777:
1773:
1763:
1761:
1760:. New York City
1749:
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1349:
1348:
1341:
1331:
1329:
1328:on July 9, 2009
1320:
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1302:
1300:
1298:Pitbullinfo.org
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1005:
947:
919:New South Wales
910:
904:
848:, and advanced
826:
769:The Kennel Club
758:
752:
708:
696:Colby's Pincher
679:
677:Colby Pit Bulls
666:
642:
588:
582:
579:
572:needs expansion
557:
523:
393:
268:
264:
201:
191:
189:
129:
93:
76:
70:Pitbull Terrier
59:
40:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4351:
4350:
4347:
4339:
4338:
4333:
4328:
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4306:
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4285:
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4281:
4279:
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4260:
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4250:White Shepherd
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4205:Stephens Stock
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4175:Mountain Feist
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4109:Boykin Spaniel
4106:
4104:Boston Terrier
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4024:American Bully
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3995:
3993:
3989:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3982:
3975:
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3948:
3947:
3914:
3911:
3910:
3908:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3886:
3884:
3882:Extinct breeds
3878:
3877:
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3874:
3869:
3864:
3858:
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3852:
3851:
3849:
3848:
3843:
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3828:
3823:
3817:
3815:
3811:
3810:
3808:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3785:Boston Terrier
3782:
3777:
3772:
3770:American Bully
3766:
3764:
3758:
3757:
3754:
3753:
3751:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3738:Stephens Stock
3735:
3733:Mountain Feist
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3699:
3697:
3696:hunting breeds
3690:
3689:
3687:
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3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3387:Border Terrier
3384:
3379:
3373:
3367:
3360:
3358:Working breeds
3354:
3353:
3348:
3346:
3345:
3338:
3331:
3323:
3317:
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3304:
3303:External links
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3234:
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3228:
3227:
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3141:The Australian
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3099:"Vicious dogs"
3090:
3060:
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2904:
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2800:
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2690:Archived from
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2409:staffordshire.
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2102:on May 1, 2013
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1642:. New York, NY
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1171:. Diane Jessup
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906:Main article:
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834:weight pulling
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487:weight pulling
479:companion dogs
392:
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381:United Kingdom
326:Color patterns
295:(UKC) and the
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4017:
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4004:Alaskan husky
4002:
4000:
3997:
3996:
3994:
3990:
3981:
3976:
3974:
3969:
3967:
3962:
3961:
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3946:
3942:
3938:
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3933:Fell Terriers
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3857:
3855:Miscellaneous
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3847:
3844:
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3837:
3834:
3832:
3831:Silky Terrier
3829:
3827:
3824:
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3609:Cesky Terrier
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3604:Cairn Terrier
3602:
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3506:
3505:Affenpinscher
3503:
3502:
3500:
3498:
3494:
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3485:
3483:
3482:Welsh Terrier
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3475:
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3402:Irish Terrier
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1821:. May 1, 2017
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846:lure coursing
843:
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792:Staffordshire
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762:Cradley Heath
757:
749:
747:
745:
744:30-30 Journal
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629:demodex mange
625:
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618:
614:
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606:
605:hip dysplasia
601:
598:
586:
583:November 2009
577:
573:
570:This section
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4288:
4170:Mountain Cur
4114:Carolina Dog
4058:
3937:Fox Terriers
3917:
3795:Bull Terrier
3774:
3728:Mountain Cur
3664:Skye Terrier
3592:Short-legged
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889:therapy dogs
887:, including
885:service dogs
881:hearing dogs
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499:dog fighting
495:therapy dogs
483:working dogs
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456:dog fighting
452:bear baiting
448:bull baiting
441:
414:
337:
330:
313:
284:
280:
278:
270:domestic dog
36:
4245:Trigg Hound
4225:Treeing Cur
4190:Rat Terrier
4185:Plott Hound
3826:Russian Toy
3743:Treeing Cur
3649:Rat Terrier
3407:Jagdterrier
3366:Long-legged
3214:Global News
2793:October 24,
2772:January 21,
2332:. Crowood.
2128:October 26,
2029:November 5,
1850:. July 2016
1672:December 2,
1617:December 2,
1532:February 2,
1249:October 21,
1131:February 5,
1109:February 5,
1065:February 2,
998:(TV series)
951:Dogs portal
938:Global News
869:police dogs
861:working dog
838:dog agility
521:Temperament
503:attack dogs
491:police dogs
444:bloodsports
364:Puerto Rico
360:New Zealand
60:Other names
4336:Catch dogs
4315:Categories
3945:Schnauzers
3814:Toy breeds
3540:Schnauzers
3173:January 8,
3083:January 7,
2999:January 8,
2966:AVA.gov.sg
2870:August 24,
1846:(Report).
1646:January 7,
1003:References
830:dog sports
824:Activities
646:bloodlines
640:Bloodlines
634:ivermectin
621:parvovirus
611:problems,
472:catch dogs
324:coloring.
320:recognize
4292:Coonhound
4094:Blue Lacy
3941:Pinschers
3925:Pit bulls
3708:Blue Lacy
3520:Dobermann
3497:Pinschers
2989:La Prensa
2951:August 4,
2919:August 2,
1825:April 13,
1584:August 7,
1558:August 7,
1504:August 7,
1332:August 7,
1087:March 14,
873:detection
796:stud book
372:Venezuela
368:Singapore
340:Australia
289:dog breed
39:Dog breed
4321:Terriers
3694:Cur-type
3350:Terriers
3220:March 7,
2969:Archived
2891:The Star
2844:July 18,
2838:Archived
2640:Archived
2440:cite web
2106:July 12,
2082:15960853
1793:Archived
1666:BBC News
1526:ABC News
1275:July 25,
1219:July 27,
1197:July 27,
1175:July 27,
1153:July 27,
1037:April 1,
988:Pit Boss
945:See also
740:gameness
728:pit dogs
700:stud dog
446:such as
425:gameness
356:Malaysia
333:pit bull
254:standard
242:standard
67:Pit Bull
21:Pit bull
4259:Extinct
4129:Chinook
3723:Lurcher
2073:1183202
1915:July 8,
1357:May 23,
926:Ontario
842:flyball
613:thyroid
609:patella
433:England
429:bulldog
391:History
385:Ontario
352:Ecuador
305:England
287:) is a
177:Females
156:Females
4289:Types:
3992:Extant
3929:Feists
3918:Types:
3290:
3269:
3248:
2897:May 9,
2615:Medium
2524:. 2015
2401:
2364:Medium
2336:
2252:May 9,
2199:
2174:May 9,
2080:
2070:
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1436:
1409:
1382:
1244:GOV.UK
1127:. 2018
1105:. 2018
1061:. 2018
1033:. 2017
879:dogs,
712:strain
555:Health
493:, and
370:, and
344:Canada
192:single
188:smooth
164:Weight
143:Height
138:Traits
98:Origin
73:Pittie
4300:Feist
4160:McNab
4139:Feist
3923:(and
3718:Feist
3567:Other
2945:(PDF)
2938:(PDF)
2812:(PDF)
2518:(PDF)
2428:(PDF)
1909:(PDF)
1898:(PDF)
1844:(PDF)
1059:(PDF)
1031:(PDF)
322:merle
197:Color
167:Males
146:Males
3288:ISBN
3267:ISBN
3246:ISBN
3222:2016
3175:2010
3149:2009
3122:2009
3085:2022
3022:2018
3001:2010
2953:2009
2921:2009
2899:2012
2872:2009
2846:2009
2820:2023
2795:2020
2774:2022
2752:2008
2726:2008
2700:2008
2674:2015
2648:2008
2622:2019
2581:2019
2556:2019
2530:2019
2498:2019
2472:2019
2446:link
2399:ISBN
2371:2019
2334:ISBN
2313:2018
2283:2018
2254:2023
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2197:ISBN
2176:2023
2151:2018
2130:2011
2108:2013
2078:PMID
2031:2009
1999:ISBN
1917:2009
1878:2018
1856:2018
1827:2019
1801:2009
1766:2009
1737:2009
1707:2009
1674:2009
1648:2010
1619:2009
1586:2009
1560:2009
1534:2009
1506:2009
1466:ISBN
1434:ISBN
1407:ISBN
1380:ISBN
1359:2020
1334:2009
1305:2021
1277:2007
1251:2022
1221:2018
1199:2018
1177:2018
1155:2018
1133:2018
1111:2018
1089:2019
1067:2018
1039:2017
537:must
525:The
450:and
419:and
285:APBT
279:The
210:5–10
190:thin
185:Coat
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4296:Cur
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2068:PMC
2058:doi
854:UKC
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