130:
5329:
151:
1303:
5341:
522:), although its apparent similar ecological niches have been considered questionable due to anatomical morphologies of the former that would have limited the ability to act as a specialized pursuit predator. The genus was originally known from fragments of skeletons, but nearly complete skeletons have been recovered from
1117:
genus. Recent studies, however, suggest that it was not specialized in chasing like the cheetah, as it retained retractable claws and was more robust, which would have diminished its ability to run fast compared to the
African cheetah. Instead, it was more closely related to the cougar, and while
1146:. The body mass was typically around 70 kg (150 lb), with a head-and-body length of 170 cm (67 in), tail length around 92 cm (36 in), and shoulder height of 85 cm (33 in). Large specimens could have weighed more than 95 kg (209 lb).
693:
Research into the
American cheetah has been contradictory. It was originally believed to be an early cougar representative, before being reclassified in the 1970s as a close relative of the cheetah. This suggested that the ancestors of the cheetah diverged from the
2648:
editor., Baskin, Jon A., editor. Czaplewski, Nicholas J., editor. Lucas, Spencer G., editor. McDonald, H. Gregory (Hugh
Gregory), 1951- editor. Mead, Jim I., editor. White, Richard S. Jr., editor. Lichtig, Asher J. (2022).
657:, was described by D. E. Savage in 1960 based on a more complete material consisting of extensive postcranial and cranial material of the animal. However, a 1976 review of fossil pumas from Kurtén considered
2103:
1973:
O'Brien, Stephen J.; Koepfli, Klaus Peter; Eizirik, Eduardo; Johnson, Warren; Driscoll, Carlos; Antunes, Agostinho; Schmidt-Kuntzel, Anne; Marker, Laurie; Dobrynin, Pavel (2016-01-01).
1791:
Dobrynin, Pavel; Liu, Shiping; Tamazian, Gaik; Xiong, Zijun; Yurchenko, Andrey A.; Krasheninnikova, Ksenia; Kliver, Sergey; Schmidt-Küntzel, Anne; Koepfli, Klaus-Peter (2015-01-01).
2367:
1122:
might have employed a hunting behavior without modern analogue, it may not have relied on speed as a cheetah does. Additionally, the injuries that led to the death of a sub-adult
2257:
2685:
5109:
2689:
3129:
5391:
5286:
5122:
2111:
1559:"Miracinonyx Trumani (Carnivora; Felidae) from the Rancholabrean of the Grand Canyon, Arizona and its Implications for the Ecology of the "American Cheetah""
5273:
5204:
5096:
2887:
Late
Pliocene (Late Blancan) vertebrates from the St. Petersburg Times site, Pinellas County, Florida, with a brief review of Florida Blancan faunas
2321:. Natural Trap Cave, Wyoming, U.S.A. Records a Detailed Faunal, Floral, aDNA, Isotopic, and Geologic Record of the Late Quaternary. 647–648: 81–87.
1644:
Savage, Donald E. (1960). "A Survey of
Various Late Cenozoic Vertebrate Faunas of the Panhandle of Texas: Felidae". University of California Press.
2172:
5396:
1855:
Barnett, Ross; Barnes, Ian; Phillips, Matthew J.; Martin, Larry D.; Harington, C. Richard; Leonard, Jennifer A.; Cooper, Alan (9 August 2005).
710:
and reanalyzing morphology, has suggested reversing the reclassification: the
American cheetah developed cheetah-like characteristics through
5361:
2294:
2184:
2429:
Barnett, Ross; Barnes, Ian; Phillips, Matthew J.; Martin, Larry D.; Harington, C. Richard; Leonard, Jennifer A.; Cooper, Alan (2005-08-09).
3176:
744:
between the genera is controversial, as it is asserted that is not necessarily any conclusive anatomical or genetic basis for dismissing a
1186:
Fossils from
Arizona show that American cheetahs were territorial animals, with evidence of pathologies being found on some of the bones.
2543:
1044:
found these animals to be intermediates in size and morphology between cheetahs and cougars and decided to place them in their own genus
2568:
The microtine rodents of the
Cheetah Room fauna, Hamilton Cave, West Virginia, and the spontaneous origin of Synaptomys (Report). 1988.
2375:
3083:"Inland California during the Pleistocene—Megafaunal stable isotope records reveal new paleoecological and paleoenvironmental insights"
2037:
Figueirido, Borja; Pérez-Ramos, Alejandro; Hotchner, Anthony; Lovelace, David M.; Pastor, Francisco J.; Palmqvist, Paul (2022-12-22).
2397:
1478:
Figueirido, Borja; Pérez-Ramos, Alejandro; Hotchner, Anthony; Lovelace, David; Pastor, Francisco J.; Martín-Serra, Alberto (2023).
5371:
5366:
2200:
Figueirido, Borja; Pérez-Ramos, Alejandro; Hotchner, Anthony; Lovelace, David M.; Pastor, Francisco J.; Palmqvist, Paul (2022).
2261:
2519:
5376:
5319:
1734:
Johnson, W.E.; Eizirik, E.; Pecon-Slattery, J.; Murphy, W.J.; Antunes, A.; Teeling, E.; O'Brien, S.J. (6 January 2006).
5195:
5381:
3154:
150:
5345:
5291:
5127:
2802:
Sanders, A.E. (2002). "Additions to the
Pleistocene Mammal Faunas of South Carolina, North Carolina, and Georgia".
1134:
felids, like extant cats such as the puma, regularly fought one another; instances of conspecific aggression among
2838:
1623:
4954:
4575:
3169:
1557:
Michael
Hodnett, John Paul; White, Richard S.; Carpenter, Mary C.; Mead, Jim I.; Santucci, Vincent L. (2022).
5264:
5036:
1916:"The difference between trivial and scientific names: There were never any true cheetahs in North America"
635:
592:
2703:
Martin, L.D.; Gilbert, B.M.; Adams, D.B. (1977). "A Cheetah-Like Cat in the North American Pleistocene".
5299:
5217:
5148:
1649:
1219:
1143:
494:(colloquially known as the "American cheetah") is an extinct genus of felids belonging to the subfamily
4292:
3082:
5083:
4608:
3094:
2763:
2712:
2598:
2442:
2322:
2213:
2050:
1870:
1749:
1692:
1431:
1373:
741:
511:
3926:
2495:
2177:
Cheetahs: Biology and Conservation: Biodiversity of the World: Conservation from Genes to Landscapes
5333:
3355:
3297:
3162:
1211:
604:
301:
275:
4231:
3461:
3431:
802:(though in their paper they considered the former genus to be an extinct subgenus of the latter).
129:
4457:
4417:
4320:
3451:
3441:
3000:
2965:
2819:
2779:
2736:
2666:
2476:
2348:
2153:
1896:
1773:
1716:
1585:
1455:
1110:
745:
711:
638:
found them all belonging to the same animal, one he considered to be more closely related to the
333:
145:
5304:
4552:
4522:
4437:
4407:
4343:
4241:
4211:
4191:
4150:
3936:
3637:
3481:
3020:"Preliminary report on a recently discovered Pleistocene cave deposit near Cumberland, Maryland"
2839:"LibGuides: Extinct American Cheetahs (Miracinonyx spp.) Fact Sheet: Distribution & Habitat"
678:
5222:
5153:
4598:
4427:
4157:
4143:
3916:
3906:
3627:
3603:
5135:
5114:
3421:
3110:
2983:
Kohn, M.J.; McKay, M.P.; Knight, J.L. (2005). "Dining in the Pleistocene—Who's on the menu?".
2913:
2890:
2728:
2654:
2468:
2460:
2405:
2340:
2290:
2239:
2180:
2084:
2066:
2014:
1996:
1955:
1937:
1888:
1834:
1816:
1765:
1740:
1708:
1683:
1509:
1447:
1358:
707:
523:
5140:
5074:
3130:"Caving team discovers, retrieves rare ice age-era cat skeleton from Southwest Virginia cave"
775:
are believed to have split from a cougar-like ancestor around three million years ago; where
5386:
4943:
4201:
3102:
3081:
Trayler, Robin B.; Dundas, Robert G.; Fox-Dobbs, Kena; Van De Water, Peter K. (2015-11-01).
3031:
2992:
2938:
2811:
2771:
2720:
2606:
2569:
2450:
2330:
2229:
2221:
2145:
2074:
2058:
2004:
1986:
1945:
1927:
1878:
1824:
1806:
1757:
1700:
1499:
1491:
1439:
698:
lineage in the Americas and migrated back to the Old World, a claim repeated as recently as
674:
4786:
4662:
4566:
4383:
4306:
2678:
2589:
Miller, W.E.; Carranza-Castañeda, O. (1984). "Late Cenozoic mammals from central Mexico".
1861:
1662:
1302:
2932:
3098:
2767:
2716:
2602:
2446:
2326:
2217:
2054:
1874:
1753:
1696:
1435:
4586:
4542:
3834:
3508:
3325:
2864:"Late Pleistocene, paleoecology and large mammal taphonomy, Natural Trap Cave, Wyoming"
2315:"Were pronghorns (Antilocapra) primary prey for North American cheetahs (Miracinonyx)?"
2234:
2201:
2079:
2038:
2009:
1974:
1950:
1915:
1829:
1797:
1792:
1528:"Late Pleistocene, paleoecology and large mammal taphonomy, Natural Trap Cave, Wyoming"
1504:
1479:
1350:
1067:
552:
1576:
Cope, Edward D. (1895). "The fossil vertebrata from the fissure at Port Kennedy, Pa".
5355:
5002:
4652:
4299:
4271:
4255:
4134:
4103:
3567:
3259:
2863:
2783:
2352:
1558:
1527:
1480:"Elbow-joint morphology in the North American 'cheetah-like' cat Miracinonyx trumani"
1419:
1318:
1291:
1287:
1243:
1215:
1151:
948:
791:
760:
is believed to have evolved from cougar-like ancestors, regardless of whether in the
608:
576:
503:
80:
3004:
2754:
Emslie, S.D. (1986). "Late Pleistocene vertebrates from Gunnison County, Colorado".
2740:
2651:
Late Cenozoic vertebrates from the American Southwest: a tribute to Arthur H. Harris
2624:
2496:"20,000 years ago, two American cheetahs fought to the death in a Grand Canyon cave"
2480:
2157:
1900:
1777:
1720:
4909:
4899:
4882:
4736:
4702:
4447:
4313:
3998:
3991:
3820:
3696:
3583:
3556:
3471:
3411:
3035:
2610:
1443:
1197:
886:
620:
600:
596:
568:
258:
1704:
5249:
5180:
3106:
3019:
2724:
2335:
2314:
1420:"The Plio-Pleistocene Cheetah-Like Cat Miracinonyx inexpectatus of North America"
5258:
5189:
5068:
4992:
4966:
4929:
4892:
4841:
4814:
4800:
4722:
4692:
4278:
4264:
4221:
4113:
4046:
4025:
3947:
3890:
3868:
3790:
3705:
3681:
3667:
3657:
3617:
3519:
3386:
3366:
3345:
1274:
1262:
507:
55:
41:
17:
2225:
2062:
1142:
species were also larger than a modern cheetah and similar in size to a modern
4919:
4875:
4865:
4858:
4824:
4745:
4712:
4642:
4464:
4331:
4120:
4016:
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3845:
3811:
3802:
3648:
3528:
3492:
3395:
3309:
3286:
3271:
3244:
3186:
2775:
2658:
2455:
2430:
2149:
1991:
1932:
1883:
1856:
1811:
1377:
1334:
1268:
965:
212:
100:
65:
5059:
3114:
2894:
2464:
2409:
2344:
2070:
2000:
1941:
1820:
1603:
Cope, Edward D. (1899). "Vertebrate remains from Port Kennedy bone deposit".
1451:
756:. The veracity of the origin of the modern cheetah is also debated; however,
4807:
4752:
4682:
4672:
4615:
4532:
4373:
4361:
4175:
4164:
4088:
3984:
3977:
3725:
3576:
3549:
3542:
3229:
2942:
2171:
Van Valkenburg, Blaire; Pang, Benison; Cherin, Marco; Rook, Lorenzo (2018).
1761:
1167:
765:
761:
202:
162:
105:
49:
2956:
Slaughter, B.H. (1966). "The Moore Pit Local Fauna; Pleistocene of Texas".
2910:
Pleistocene mammalian fauna of the Seminole Field, Pinellas County, Florida
2732:
2472:
2243:
2088:
2018:
1959:
1892:
1838:
1769:
1712:
1513:
1495:
1218:
show that this creature lived with and competed with other large cats like
2917:
5243:
5174:
5053:
4982:
4975:
4779:
4772:
4505:
4492:
4350:
4285:
4060:
4039:
4032:
4005:
3970:
3963:
3875:
3827:
3753:
3593:
3535:
3375:
3217:
3190:
2282:
1385:
1346:
1342:
1228:
1062:
728:
631:
627:
499:
182:
95:
90:
75:
70:
60:
3049:
2431:"Evolution of the extinct Sabretooths and the American cheetah-like cat"
1857:"Evolution of the extinct sabretooths and the American cheetah-like cat"
779:
fits in is unclear, although it is probably a more primitive version of
5278:
5209:
5101:
4763:
4626:
4390:
3854:
3674:
3501:
3335:
3198:
2996:
2969:
2823:
2175:. In Marker, Laurie; K. Boast, Lorraine; Schmidt-Kuntzel, Anne (eds.).
2136:(Mammalia, Felidae) in the Early-Middle Pleistocene of South America".
1589:
1459:
1338:
1330:
1254:
however unlike cheetahs both species retained fully retractable claws.
1247:
1193:
810:
564:
527:
515:
495:
232:
222:
110:
85:
2520:"The big cat scan: modern radiology meets an extinct American cheetah"
2202:"The brain of the North American cheetah-like cat Miracinonyx trumani"
2039:"The brain of the North American cheetah-like cat Miracinonyx trumani"
1681:
Adams, Daniel B. (14 September 1979). "The Cheetah: Native American".
4397:
4053:
3956:
3610:
3223:
3211:
2934:
Fossil mammals of the coleman ILA local fauna, Sumter County, Florida
1322:
1092:
1078:
911:
719:
682:
639:
192:
172:
5030:
2815:
2287:
Cheetahs of the Serengeti Plains: Group Living in an Asocial Species
1736:"The Late Miocene radiation of modern Felidae: A genetic assessment"
1735:
626:
More fossil material was recovered from deposits of similar age in
4793:
3194:
2574:
1369:
1301:
1279:
1159:
1126:
according to a 2022 research article by John-Paul Michael Hodnett
1052:
699:
673:) was described in 1969 by Orr based on a complete skull from the
5088:
2313:
Higgins, Pennilyn; Meachen, Julie; Lovelace, David (2023-02-20).
1418:
Van Valkenburgh, Blaire; Grady, Frederick; Kurtén, Björn (1990).
706:
However, other research by Barnett and Faurby, through examining
4831:
737:
723:
5034:
4490:
4086:
3788:
3242:
3158:
790:
when describing the earliest known fossil record of cougars in
1578:
Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
1085:
1071:
1174:), which still exhibit morphological adaptations to outrun
615:
in 1895. However, in 1899 he reclassified the specimens as
1605:
Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
1793:"Genomic legacy of the African cheetah, Acinonyx jubatus"
1353:, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. The most complete finds of
2173:"The Cheetah: The Evolutionary History and Paleoecology"
703:
1914:
Faurby, S.; Werdelin, L.; Svenning, J.C. (2016-05-05).
1200:
ages, and was more similar to the cougar in build than
2625:"American Cheetah Fossil (U.S. National Park Service)"
1975:"Response to comment by Faurby, Werdelin and Svenning"
1530:. National Geographic Research & Exploration. 1993
1266:(such as the modern pronghorn) as well as the extinct
5317:
2368:"Did False Cheetahs Give Pronghorn a Need for Speed?"
2289:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 500.
4998:
4988:
4940:
4925:
4915:
4905:
4888:
4871:
4847:
4837:
4820:
4733:
4718:
4708:
4698:
4688:
4678:
4668:
4658:
4648:
4638:
4604:
4594:
4563:
4548:
4538:
4528:
4518:
4453:
4443:
4433:
4423:
4413:
4403:
4379:
4369:
4339:
4252:
4237:
4227:
4217:
4207:
4197:
4187:
4131:
4100:
3932:
3922:
3912:
3902:
3663:
3633:
3623:
3599:
3589:
3477:
3467:
3457:
3447:
3437:
3427:
3417:
3407:
3351:
3341:
3331:
3321:
3283:
3267:
3256:
2653:. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science.
2308:
2306:
2260:. San Diego Zoo factsheet. July 2010. Archived from
2258:"Extinct American Cheetah, Miracinonyx inexpectatus"
2132:
Chimento, N.R.; Dondas, A. (2017). "First record of
944:
860:
842:
823:
312:
291:
265:
5233:
5164:
5043:
4965:
4939:
4762:
4732:
4625:
4585:
4562:
4503:
4360:
4330:
4251:
4174:
4130:
4099:
4015:
3946:
3889:
3844:
3810:
3801:
3752:
3724:
3704:
3695:
3647:
3566:
3518:
3491:
3394:
3385:
3365:
3308:
3282:
3255:
2544:"Earth Notes: Ancient Cheetahs in the Grand Canyon"
2398:"Pronghorn's Speed May Be Legacy of Past Predators"
2804:Transactions of the American Philosophical Society
2032:
2030:
2028:
1066:, the cheetah family, itself a combination of the
669:having priority. The other valid species (then as
510:epoch (about 2.5 million to 16,000 years ago) and
3087:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
1413:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1401:
732:fossils have been found in North America, and no
607:originally considered these to be related to the
3024:Proceedings of the United States National Museum
551:, is included, but it is more often listed as a
1633:(1136). The American Museum of Natural History.
2868:National Geographic Research & Exploration
2797:
2795:
2793:
1376:, South Carolina, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and
787:
3170:
8:
1624:"Large Pleistocene felines of North America"
1676:
1674:
1672:
1384:were retrieved from a cave in southwestern
1055:
5031:
4631:
4511:
4500:
4487:
4180:
4096:
4083:
3895:
3807:
3798:
3785:
3701:
3400:
3391:
3314:
3252:
3239:
3177:
3163:
3155:
2688:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1850:
1848:
619:, considering them closely related to the
128:
31:
2684:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2573:
2454:
2334:
2233:
2078:
2008:
1990:
1949:
1931:
1882:
1828:
1810:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1503:
1083:) meaning "unmoved" or "motionless" and
634:, where in 1941 American paleontologist
533:The two species commonly identified are
5324:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1397:
453:
351:
2912:. American Museum of Natural History.
2674:
2664:
1658:
1647:
1563:Late Cenozoic Vertebrate Paleontology
1380:. In 2022, the skeletal remains of a
1041:
7:
5392:Pleistocene mammals of North America
714:, but it is most closely related to
2889:. Florida Paleontological Society.
999:
936:
902:
894:
834:
817:
805:
2591:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
2179:. Academic Press. pp. 25–32.
1424:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
25:
2396:Yoon, Carol Kaesuk (1996-12-24).
1368:have also been found in Florida,
1051:The name is a combination of the
726:. Moreover, Faurby notes that no
718:and not to the modern cheetah of
603:age. The American paleontologist
591:were several isolated teeth from
5339:
5327:
3050:"Fossil history of the panther (
2494:Pappas, Stephanie (2022-05-25).
1622:Simpson, George Gaylord (1941).
611:, and described the material as
587:The first fossils attributed to
149:
3036:10.5479/si.00963801.46-2014.93
2611:10.1080/02724634.1984.10012005
2138:Journal of Mammalian Evolution
1444:10.1080/02724634.1990.10011827
1138:cheetahs are relatively rare.
545:. Sometimes, a third species,
1:
5397:Fossil taxa described in 1979
2862:Wang, X.; Martin, L. (1993).
2102:Haaramo, Mikko (2005-11-15).
1705:10.1126/science.205.4411.1155
1226:) and the saber-toothed cat (
665:to be the same species, with
5362:Piacenzian first appearances
3107:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.07.034
3054:) and the cheetah-like cat (
2885:Scott, M.; Gary, S. (1987).
2725:10.1126/science.195.4282.981
2336:10.1016/j.quaint.2022.08.003
1246:age, was more cursorial and
1097:) meaning "nail" or "hoof".
1093:
1079:
794:. As shown here, they found
788:Chimento & Dondas (2017)
786:Below is the phylogeny from
736:fossils elsewhere. However,
571:ages of North America while
2366:Black, Riley (2013-01-08).
1317:have been found across the
1306:Artist's reconstruction of
1260:hunted cursorial prey like
479:Kurtén & Anderson, 1980
437:Kurtén & Anderson, 1980
425:Kurtén & Anderson, 1980
5413:
3201:, and their extinct allies
2226:10.1016/j.isci.2022.105671
2063:10.1016/j.isci.2022.105671
1105:It has been proposed that
1086:
1072:
4634:
4514:
4499:
4486:
4183:
4095:
4082:
3898:
3797:
3784:
3403:
3317:
3251:
3238:
3206:
2776:10.1017/s0022336000021612
2548:KNAU Arizona Public Radio
2456:10.1016/j.cub.2005.07.052
2150:10.1007/s10914-017-9385-x
2108:Mikko's phylogeny archive
1992:10.1186/s13059-016-0942-z
1933:10.1186/s13059-016-0943-y
1884:10.1016/j.cub.2005.07.052
1812:10.1186/s13059-015-0837-4
1631:American Museum Novitates
1005:
997:
962:
942:
934:
908:
900:
892:
858:
840:
832:
815:
390:Smilodontopsis mooreheadi
339:
332:
288:
283:
264:
257:
146:Scientific classification
144:
136:
127:
34:
5196:Miracinonyx inexpectatus
5166:Miracinonyx inexpectatus
3056:Miracinonyx inexpectatus
2319:Quaternary International
1113:with the cheetah of the
798:to be a sister taxon to
740:posit that the supposed
648:Felis (Puma) inexpectata
646:), naming the animal as
398:Felis (Puma) inexpectata
5372:Pleistocene extinctions
5367:Pleistocene carnivorans
2958:Journal of Paleontology
2943:10.5962/bhl.title.39853
2756:Journal of Paleontology
1762:10.1126/science.1122277
27:Extinct genus of mammal
2931:Martin, R. A. (1969).
2908:Simpson, G.G. (1929).
2104:"Felinae – small cats"
1657:Cite journal requires
1496:10.1098/rsbl.2022.0483
1310:
1150:most likely preyed on
1056:
704:Dobrynin et al. (2015)
689:Taxonomy and evolution
636:George Gaylord Simpson
593:Port Kennedy Bone Cave
514:similar to the modern
137:Artist's rendition of
5300:Paleobiology Database
5218:Paleobiology Database
5149:Paleobiology Database
3018:Gidley, J.W. (1913).
1361:in northern Wyoming.
1305:
1172:Antilocapra americana
1144:North American cougar
748:relationship between
738:O'Brien et al. (2016)
700:Johnson et al. (2006)
599:, dating back to the
575:was exclusive to the
430:Acinonyx inexpectatus
5377:Pliocene carnivorans
1321:and as far south as
1166:sp.) and especially
583:Discovery and naming
5346:Prehistoric mammals
5265:Miracinonyx trumani
5235:Miracinonyx trumani
3099:2015PPP...437..132T
2768:1986JPal...60..170E
2717:1977Sci...195..981M
2603:1984JVPal...4..216M
2447:2005CBio...15.R589B
2327:2023QuInt.647...81H
2218:2022iSci...25j5671F
2055:2022iSci...25j5671F
1875:2005CBio...15.R589B
1754:2006Sci...311...73J
1697:1979Sci...205.1155A
1691:(4411): 1155–1158.
1436:1990JVPal..10..434V
1329:have been found in
1298:Fossil distribution
1242:, exclusive to the
1192:, ranging from the
1156:Oreamnus americanus
613:Crocuta inexpectata
605:Edward Drinker Cope
354:Crocuta inexpectata
270:Crocuta inexpectata
5382:Prehistoric felids
2997:10.1130/g21476ar.1
2843:ielc.libguides.com
2677:has generic name (
2402:The New York Times
1313:Fossil remains of
1311:
1206:Fossil remains of
1111:parallel evolution
1109:is an instance of
1060:("wonderful") and
712:parallel evolution
653:A second species,
5315:
5314:
5136:Open Tree of Life
5037:Taxon identifiers
5028:
5027:
5024:
5023:
5020:
5019:
5016:
5015:
5012:
5011:
4482:
4481:
4478:
4477:
4474:
4473:
4078:
4077:
4074:
4073:
4070:
4069:
3885:
3884:
3780:
3779:
3776:
3775:
3772:
3771:
3748:
3747:
3744:
3743:
3691:
3690:
3128:Wade, S. (2022).
2711:(4282): 981–982.
2441:(15): R589–R590.
2378:on March 23, 2021
2296:978-0-226-09433-5
2186:978-0-12-804120-8
1869:(15): R589–R590.
1359:Natural Trap Cave
1286:sp.), as well as
1038:
1037:
1029:
1028:
1020:
1019:
1009:var. smaller cats
986:
985:
977:
976:
923:
922:
874:
873:
708:mitochondrial DNA
617:Uncia inexpectata
524:Natural Trap Cave
487:
486:
480:
468:
460:
450:
438:
426:
414:
406:
394:
386:
378:
370:
362:Uncia inexpectata
358:
348:
326:
309:
253:
16:(Redirected from
5404:
5344:
5343:
5342:
5332:
5331:
5330:
5323:
5308:
5307:
5295:
5294:
5282:
5281:
5269:
5268:
5267:
5254:
5253:
5252:
5226:
5225:
5213:
5212:
5200:
5199:
5198:
5185:
5184:
5183:
5157:
5156:
5144:
5143:
5131:
5130:
5118:
5117:
5105:
5104:
5092:
5091:
5079:
5078:
5077:
5064:
5063:
5062:
5032:
5000:
4990:
4955:Machairodontinae
4944:Machairodontinae
4942:
4927:
4917:
4907:
4890:
4873:
4849:
4839:
4822:
4735:
4720:
4710:
4700:
4690:
4680:
4670:
4660:
4650:
4640:
4632:
4606:
4596:
4565:
4550:
4540:
4530:
4520:
4512:
4501:
4488:
4455:
4445:
4435:
4425:
4415:
4405:
4381:
4371:
4341:
4293:Miohyaenotherium
4254:
4239:
4229:
4219:
4209:
4199:
4189:
4181:
4133:
4102:
4097:
4084:
3934:
3924:
3914:
3904:
3896:
3808:
3799:
3786:
3702:
3665:
3635:
3625:
3601:
3591:
3479:
3469:
3459:
3449:
3439:
3429:
3419:
3409:
3401:
3392:
3353:
3343:
3333:
3323:
3315:
3285:
3269:
3258:
3253:
3240:
3179:
3172:
3165:
3156:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3140:
3125:
3119:
3118:
3078:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3068:
3046:
3040:
3039:
3030:(2014): 93–102.
3015:
3009:
3008:
2980:
2974:
2973:
2953:
2947:
2946:
2928:
2922:
2921:
2905:
2899:
2898:
2882:
2876:
2875:
2859:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2849:
2834:
2828:
2827:
2799:
2788:
2787:
2751:
2745:
2744:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2682:
2676:
2672:
2670:
2662:
2645:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2586:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2565:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2530:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2506:
2491:
2485:
2484:
2458:
2426:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2416:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2374:. Archived from
2363:
2357:
2356:
2338:
2310:
2301:
2300:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2269:
2254:
2248:
2247:
2237:
2197:
2191:
2190:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2129:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2110:. Archived from
2099:
2093:
2092:
2082:
2034:
2023:
2022:
2012:
1994:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1953:
1935:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1886:
1852:
1843:
1842:
1832:
1814:
1788:
1782:
1781:
1731:
1725:
1724:
1678:
1667:
1666:
1660:
1655:
1653:
1645:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1628:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1554:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1535:
1524:
1518:
1517:
1507:
1475:
1464:
1463:
1415:
1252:M. inexpectatus,
1096:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1082:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1059:
1000:
946:
937:
903:
895:
862:
844:
835:
825:
818:
806:
675:Late Pleistocene
563:ranged from the
520:Acinonyx jubatus
474:
472:Acinonyx trumani
466:
458:
445:
432:
420:
418:Acinonyx studeri
412:
400:
392:
384:
376:
364:
356:
343:
320:
314:
299:
293:
267:
251:
244:
154:
153:
132:
122:
52:
40:Temporal range:
32:
21:
18:American cheetah
5412:
5411:
5407:
5406:
5405:
5403:
5402:
5401:
5352:
5351:
5350:
5340:
5338:
5328:
5326:
5318:
5316:
5311:
5303:
5298:
5290:
5285:
5277:
5272:
5263:
5262:
5257:
5248:
5247:
5242:
5229:
5221:
5216:
5208:
5203:
5194:
5193:
5188:
5179:
5178:
5173:
5160:
5152:
5147:
5139:
5134:
5126:
5121:
5113:
5108:
5100:
5095:
5087:
5082:
5073:
5072:
5067:
5058:
5057:
5052:
5039:
5029:
5008:
4961:
4935:
4758:
4728:
4663:Hyperailurictis
4621:
4609:Palaeoprionodon
4581:
4576:Barbourofelidae
4567:Barbourofelidae
4558:
4508:
4495:
4470:
4384:Chasmaporthetes
4356:
4326:
4307:Protictitherium
4247:
4170:
4126:
4091:
4066:
4011:
3942:
3881:
3840:
3793:
3768:
3740:
3720:
3687:
3643:
3562:
3514:
3487:
3381:
3361:
3304:
3278:
3247:
3234:
3202:
3183:
3153:
3148:
3147:
3138:
3136:
3127:
3126:
3122:
3080:
3079:
3075:
3066:
3064:
3048:
3047:
3043:
3017:
3016:
3012:
2982:
2981:
2977:
2955:
2954:
2950:
2930:
2929:
2925:
2907:
2906:
2902:
2884:
2883:
2879:
2861:
2860:
2856:
2847:
2845:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2816:10.2307/4144916
2801:
2800:
2791:
2753:
2752:
2748:
2702:
2701:
2697:
2683:
2673:
2663:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2633:
2631:
2623:
2622:
2618:
2588:
2587:
2583:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2553:
2551:
2542:
2541:
2537:
2528:
2526:
2518:
2517:
2513:
2504:
2502:
2500:livescience.com
2493:
2492:
2488:
2435:Current Biology
2428:
2427:
2423:
2414:
2412:
2395:
2394:
2390:
2381:
2379:
2365:
2364:
2360:
2312:
2311:
2304:
2297:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2267:
2265:
2256:
2255:
2251:
2199:
2198:
2194:
2187:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2131:
2130:
2126:
2117:
2115:
2101:
2100:
2096:
2036:
2035:
2026:
1972:
1971:
1967:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1862:Current Biology
1854:
1853:
1846:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1748:(5757): 73–77.
1733:
1732:
1728:
1680:
1679:
1670:
1656:
1646:
1643:
1642:
1638:
1626:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1602:
1601:
1597:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1556:
1555:
1542:
1533:
1531:
1526:
1525:
1521:
1484:Biology Letters
1477:
1476:
1467:
1417:
1416:
1399:
1394:
1382:M. inexpectatus
1366:M. inexpectatus
1308:M. inexpectatus
1300:
1208:M. inexpectatus
1190:M. inexpectatus
1184:
1103:
1084:
1070:
1039:
1030:
1021:
987:
978:
966:H. yagouaroundi
924:
875:
846:M. inexpectatus
830:
777:M. inexpectatus
771:The cougar and
691:
585:
561:M. inexpectatus
557:M. inexpectatus
536:M. inexpectatus
512:morphologically
483:
452:
451:
441:
421:(Savage, 1960)
374:Felis longricus
350:
349:
345:M. inexpectatus
296:M. inexpectatus
279:
273:
250:
242:
148:
123:
121:
120:
119:
118:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
48:2.5–0.016
47:
46:
44:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5410:
5408:
5400:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5354:
5353:
5349:
5348:
5336:
5313:
5312:
5310:
5309:
5296:
5283:
5270:
5255:
5239:
5237:
5231:
5230:
5228:
5227:
5214:
5201:
5186:
5170:
5168:
5162:
5161:
5159:
5158:
5145:
5132:
5119:
5106:
5093:
5080:
5065:
5049:
5047:
5041:
5040:
5035:
5026:
5025:
5022:
5021:
5018:
5017:
5014:
5013:
5010:
5009:
5007:
5006:
4996:
4986:
4979:
4971:
4969:
4963:
4962:
4960:
4959:
4958:
4957:
4948:
4946:
4937:
4936:
4934:
4933:
4923:
4913:
4903:
4896:
4886:
4879:
4869:
4862:
4855:
4845:
4835:
4828:
4818:
4811:
4804:
4797:
4790:
4783:
4776:
4768:
4766:
4760:
4759:
4757:
4756:
4749:
4741:
4739:
4730:
4729:
4727:
4726:
4716:
4706:
4696:
4686:
4676:
4666:
4656:
4646:
4635:
4629:
4623:
4622:
4620:
4619:
4612:
4602:
4591:
4589:
4587:Prionodontidae
4583:
4582:
4580:
4579:
4571:
4569:
4560:
4559:
4557:
4556:
4546:
4543:Stenoplesictis
4536:
4526:
4515:
4509:
4504:
4497:
4496:
4491:
4484:
4483:
4480:
4479:
4476:
4475:
4472:
4471:
4469:
4468:
4461:
4451:
4441:
4431:
4421:
4411:
4401:
4394:
4387:
4377:
4366:
4364:
4358:
4357:
4355:
4354:
4347:
4336:
4334:
4328:
4327:
4325:
4324:
4317:
4310:
4303:
4296:
4289:
4282:
4275:
4268:
4260:
4258:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4245:
4235:
4225:
4215:
4205:
4195:
4184:
4178:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4168:
4161:
4154:
4147:
4139:
4137:
4128:
4127:
4125:
4124:
4117:
4109:
4107:
4093:
4092:
4087:
4080:
4079:
4076:
4075:
4072:
4071:
4068:
4067:
4065:
4064:
4057:
4050:
4043:
4036:
4029:
4021:
4019:
4013:
4012:
4010:
4009:
4002:
3995:
3988:
3981:
3974:
3967:
3960:
3952:
3950:
3944:
3943:
3941:
3940:
3930:
3927:Leptoplesictis
3920:
3910:
3899:
3893:
3887:
3886:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3879:
3872:
3865:
3858:
3850:
3848:
3842:
3841:
3839:
3838:
3831:
3824:
3816:
3814:
3805:
3795:
3794:
3789:
3782:
3781:
3778:
3777:
3774:
3773:
3770:
3769:
3767:
3766:
3765:
3764:
3758:
3756:
3750:
3749:
3746:
3745:
3742:
3741:
3739:
3738:
3737:
3736:
3730:
3728:
3722:
3721:
3719:
3718:
3717:
3716:
3710:
3708:
3699:
3693:
3692:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3685:
3678:
3671:
3661:
3653:
3651:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3631:
3621:
3614:
3607:
3597:
3587:
3580:
3572:
3570:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3553:
3546:
3539:
3532:
3524:
3522:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3512:
3505:
3497:
3495:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3485:
3475:
3465:
3455:
3445:
3435:
3425:
3415:
3404:
3398:
3389:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3379:
3371:
3369:
3363:
3362:
3360:
3359:
3349:
3339:
3329:
3326:Alagtsavbaatar
3318:
3312:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3291:
3289:
3280:
3279:
3277:
3276:
3264:
3262:
3249:
3248:
3243:
3236:
3235:
3233:
3232:
3226:
3220:
3214:
3207:
3204:
3203:
3184:
3182:
3181:
3174:
3167:
3159:
3152:
3151:External links
3149:
3146:
3145:
3120:
3073:
3041:
3010:
2991:(8): 649–652.
2975:
2948:
2923:
2900:
2877:
2854:
2829:
2789:
2762:(1): 170–176.
2746:
2695:
2640:
2616:
2597:(2): 216–236.
2581:
2560:
2535:
2511:
2486:
2421:
2388:
2358:
2302:
2295:
2274:
2249:
2212:(12): 105671.
2192:
2185:
2163:
2144:(3): 381–389.
2124:
2094:
2049:(12): 105671.
2024:
1979:Genome Biology
1965:
1920:Genome Biology
1906:
1844:
1798:Genome Biology
1783:
1726:
1668:
1659:|journal=
1636:
1614:
1595:
1568:
1540:
1519:
1465:
1430:(4): 434–454.
1396:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1351:South Carolina
1299:
1296:
1292:mountain goats
1183:
1180:
1152:mountain goats
1102:
1099:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1004:
998:
996:
993:
992:
989:
988:
984:
983:
980:
979:
975:
974:
971:
970:
961:
958:
957:
954:
953:
941:
935:
933:
930:
929:
926:
925:
921:
920:
917:
916:
907:
901:
899:
893:
891:
881:
880:
877:
876:
872:
871:
868:
867:
857:
854:
853:
850:
849:
839:
833:
831:
821:
816:
814:
804:
690:
687:
667:F. inexpectata
659:F. inexpectata
584:
581:
553:junior synonym
485:
484:
482:
481:
469:
461:
456:Felis concolor
444:
443:
442:
440:
439:
427:
415:
407:
395:
387:
382:Felis concolor
379:
371:
359:
342:
341:
340:
337:
336:
330:
329:
328:
327:
310:
286:
285:
281:
280:
274:
262:
261:
255:
254:
240:
236:
235:
230:
226:
225:
220:
216:
215:
210:
206:
205:
200:
196:
195:
190:
186:
185:
180:
176:
175:
170:
166:
165:
160:
156:
155:
142:
141:
134:
133:
125:
124:
116:
115:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
53:
39:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5409:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5359:
5357:
5347:
5337:
5335:
5325:
5321:
5306:
5301:
5297:
5293:
5288:
5284:
5280:
5275:
5271:
5266:
5260:
5256:
5251:
5245:
5241:
5240:
5238:
5236:
5232:
5224:
5219:
5215:
5211:
5206:
5202:
5197:
5191:
5187:
5182:
5176:
5172:
5171:
5169:
5167:
5163:
5155:
5150:
5146:
5142:
5137:
5133:
5129:
5124:
5120:
5116:
5111:
5107:
5103:
5098:
5094:
5090:
5085:
5081:
5076:
5070:
5066:
5061:
5055:
5051:
5050:
5048:
5046:
5042:
5038:
5033:
5005:
5004:
5003:Pachypanthera
4997:
4995:
4994:
4987:
4985:
4984:
4980:
4978:
4977:
4973:
4972:
4970:
4968:
4964:
4956:
4952:
4951:
4950:
4949:
4947:
4945:
4938:
4932:
4931:
4924:
4922:
4921:
4914:
4912:
4911:
4904:
4902:
4901:
4897:
4895:
4894:
4887:
4885:
4884:
4880:
4878:
4877:
4870:
4868:
4867:
4863:
4861:
4860:
4856:
4854:
4853:
4846:
4844:
4843:
4836:
4834:
4833:
4829:
4827:
4826:
4819:
4817:
4816:
4812:
4810:
4809:
4805:
4803:
4802:
4798:
4796:
4795:
4791:
4789:
4788:
4784:
4782:
4781:
4777:
4775:
4774:
4770:
4769:
4767:
4765:
4761:
4755:
4754:
4750:
4748:
4747:
4743:
4742:
4740:
4738:
4731:
4725:
4724:
4717:
4715:
4714:
4707:
4705:
4704:
4697:
4695:
4694:
4687:
4685:
4684:
4677:
4675:
4674:
4667:
4665:
4664:
4657:
4655:
4654:
4653:Diamantofelis
4647:
4645:
4644:
4637:
4636:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4624:
4618:
4617:
4613:
4611:
4610:
4603:
4601:
4600:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4588:
4584:
4577:
4573:
4572:
4570:
4568:
4561:
4555:
4554:
4547:
4545:
4544:
4537:
4535:
4534:
4527:
4525:
4524:
4517:
4516:
4513:
4510:
4507:
4502:
4498:
4494:
4489:
4485:
4467:
4466:
4462:
4460:
4459:
4452:
4450:
4449:
4442:
4440:
4439:
4432:
4430:
4429:
4422:
4420:
4419:
4412:
4410:
4409:
4402:
4400:
4399:
4395:
4393:
4392:
4388:
4386:
4385:
4378:
4376:
4375:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4363:
4359:
4353:
4352:
4348:
4346:
4345:
4338:
4337:
4335:
4333:
4329:
4323:
4322:
4318:
4316:
4315:
4311:
4309:
4308:
4304:
4302:
4301:
4300:Plioviverrops
4297:
4295:
4294:
4290:
4288:
4287:
4283:
4281:
4280:
4276:
4274:
4273:
4272:Hyaenotherium
4269:
4267:
4266:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4257:
4256:Ictitheriinae
4250:
4244:
4243:
4236:
4234:
4233:
4226:
4224:
4223:
4216:
4214:
4213:
4206:
4204:
4203:
4196:
4194:
4193:
4186:
4185:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4173:
4167:
4166:
4162:
4160:
4159:
4155:
4153:
4152:
4148:
4146:
4145:
4141:
4140:
4138:
4136:
4135:Lophocyonidae
4129:
4123:
4122:
4118:
4116:
4115:
4111:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4104:Percrocutidae
4098:
4094:
4090:
4085:
4081:
4063:
4062:
4058:
4056:
4055:
4051:
4049:
4048:
4044:
4042:
4041:
4037:
4035:
4034:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4023:
4022:
4020:
4018:
4014:
4008:
4007:
4003:
4001:
4000:
3996:
3994:
3993:
3989:
3987:
3986:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3975:
3973:
3972:
3968:
3966:
3965:
3961:
3959:
3958:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3949:
3945:
3939:
3938:
3931:
3929:
3928:
3921:
3919:
3918:
3911:
3909:
3908:
3901:
3900:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3888:
3878:
3877:
3873:
3871:
3870:
3866:
3864:
3863:
3859:
3857:
3856:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3847:
3843:
3837:
3836:
3832:
3830:
3829:
3825:
3823:
3822:
3818:
3817:
3815:
3813:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3800:
3796:
3792:
3787:
3783:
3762:
3761:
3760:
3759:
3757:
3755:
3751:
3734:
3733:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3727:
3723:
3714:
3713:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3707:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3694:
3684:
3683:
3679:
3677:
3676:
3672:
3670:
3669:
3662:
3660:
3659:
3655:
3654:
3652:
3650:
3646:
3640:
3639:
3632:
3630:
3629:
3622:
3620:
3619:
3615:
3613:
3612:
3608:
3606:
3605:
3598:
3596:
3595:
3588:
3586:
3585:
3581:
3579:
3578:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3569:
3568:Paradoxurinae
3565:
3559:
3558:
3554:
3552:
3551:
3547:
3545:
3544:
3540:
3538:
3537:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3517:
3511:
3510:
3506:
3504:
3503:
3499:
3498:
3496:
3494:
3490:
3484:
3483:
3476:
3474:
3473:
3466:
3464:
3463:
3456:
3454:
3453:
3446:
3444:
3443:
3436:
3434:
3433:
3426:
3424:
3423:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3406:
3405:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3384:
3378:
3377:
3373:
3372:
3370:
3368:
3364:
3358:
3357:
3356:Shandgolictis
3350:
3348:
3347:
3340:
3338:
3337:
3330:
3328:
3327:
3320:
3319:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3307:
3299:
3295:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3290:
3288:
3281:
3274:
3273:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3261:
3260:Palaeogalidae
3254:
3250:
3246:
3241:
3237:
3231:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3219:
3215:
3213:
3209:
3208:
3205:
3200:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3180:
3175:
3173:
3168:
3166:
3161:
3160:
3157:
3150:
3135:
3134:Cardinal News
3131:
3124:
3121:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3077:
3074:
3063:
3059:
3058:) in Florida"
3057:
3053:
3052:Puma concolor
3045:
3042:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3014:
3011:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2979:
2976:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2952:
2949:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2935:
2927:
2924:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2904:
2901:
2896:
2892:
2888:
2881:
2878:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2858:
2855:
2844:
2840:
2833:
2830:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2798:
2796:
2794:
2790:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2750:
2747:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2699:
2696:
2691:
2687:
2680:
2668:
2660:
2656:
2652:
2644:
2641:
2630:
2626:
2620:
2617:
2612:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2585:
2582:
2576:
2575:10.3133/b1853
2571:
2564:
2561:
2549:
2545:
2539:
2536:
2525:
2524:news.wisc.edu
2521:
2515:
2512:
2501:
2497:
2490:
2487:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2425:
2422:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2392:
2389:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2362:
2359:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2309:
2307:
2303:
2298:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2278:
2275:
2264:on 2016-03-04
2263:
2259:
2253:
2250:
2245:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2196:
2193:
2188:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2167:
2164:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2134:Puma concolor
2128:
2125:
2114:on 2007-03-27
2113:
2109:
2105:
2098:
2095:
2090:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2020:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1969:
1966:
1961:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1910:
1907:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1863:
1858:
1851:
1849:
1845:
1840:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1799:
1794:
1787:
1784:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1742:
1737:
1730:
1727:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1685:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1669:
1664:
1651:
1640:
1637:
1632:
1625:
1618:
1615:
1610:
1606:
1599:
1596:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1572:
1569:
1564:
1560:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1541:
1529:
1523:
1520:
1515:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1466:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1398:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1362:
1360:
1357:are from the
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1325:. Fossils of
1324:
1320:
1319:United States
1316:
1309:
1304:
1297:
1295:
1293:
1289:
1288:bighorn sheep
1285:
1281:
1277:
1276:
1271:
1270:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1244:Rancholabrean
1241:
1237:
1235:
1231:
1230:
1225:
1224:Panthera onca
1221:
1217:
1216:West Virginia
1213:
1212:Hamilton Cave
1209:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1130:suggest that
1129:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1081:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1058:
1054:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1034:
1033:
1025:
1024:
1016:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1002:
1001:
995:
994:
991:
990:
982:
981:
973:
972:
969:
968:
967:
960:
959:
956:
955:
952:
951:
950:
939:
938:
932:
931:
928:
927:
919:
918:
915:
914:
913:
905:
904:
897:
896:
889:
888:
883:
882:
879:
878:
870:
869:
866:
865:
856:
855:
852:
851:
848:
847:
837:
836:
828:
820:
819:
812:
808:
807:
803:
801:
797:
793:
792:South America
789:
784:
782:
778:
774:
769:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
730:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
688:
686:
684:
680:
676:
672:
671:Felis trumani
668:
664:
660:
656:
655:Felis studeri
651:
649:
645:
644:Puma concolor
641:
637:
633:
629:
624:
622:
618:
614:
610:
609:spotted hyena
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
582:
580:
578:
577:Rancholabrean
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
549:
544:
543:
538:
537:
531:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
504:North America
501:
497:
493:
492:
478:
473:
470:
465:
464:Felis trumani
462:
457:
454:
448:
436:
433:(Cope, 1895)
431:
428:
424:
419:
416:
411:
410:Felis studeri
408:
405:Simpson, 1941
404:
401:(Cope, 1895)
399:
396:
391:
388:
383:
380:
375:
372:
368:
365:(Cope, 1895)
363:
360:
355:
352:
346:
338:
335:
331:
324:
319:
318:
311:
307:
303:
298:
297:
290:
289:
287:
282:
277:
272:
271:
263:
260:
256:
249:
248:
241:
238:
237:
234:
231:
228:
227:
224:
221:
218:
217:
214:
211:
208:
207:
204:
201:
198:
197:
194:
191:
188:
187:
184:
181:
178:
177:
174:
171:
168:
167:
164:
161:
158:
157:
152:
147:
143:
140:
135:
131:
126:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
51:
43:
37:
33:
30:
19:
5334:Paleontology
5234:
5165:
5044:
5001:
4991:
4981:
4974:
4928:
4918:
4910:Sivapanthera
4908:
4898:
4891:
4883:Prionailurus
4881:
4874:
4864:
4857:
4851:
4850:
4840:
4830:
4823:
4813:
4806:
4799:
4792:
4785:
4778:
4771:
4751:
4744:
4737:Proailurinae
4721:
4711:
4703:Pseudaelurus
4701:
4691:
4681:
4671:
4661:
4651:
4641:
4614:
4607:
4597:
4551:
4541:
4531:
4521:
4463:
4456:
4448:Pachycrocuta
4446:
4436:
4426:
4416:
4406:
4396:
4389:
4382:
4372:
4349:
4342:
4319:
4314:Thalassictis
4312:
4305:
4298:
4291:
4284:
4277:
4270:
4263:
4240:
4232:Tongxinictis
4230:
4220:
4210:
4200:
4190:
4163:
4156:
4149:
4142:
4119:
4112:
4059:
4052:
4045:
4038:
4031:
4024:
4004:
3997:
3992:Paracynictis
3990:
3983:
3976:
3969:
3962:
3955:
3935:
3925:
3915:
3905:
3874:
3867:
3860:
3853:
3833:
3826:
3821:Cryptoprocta
3819:
3697:Herpestoidea
3680:
3673:
3666:
3656:
3636:
3626:
3616:
3609:
3602:
3592:
3584:Arctogalidia
3582:
3575:
3557:Macrogalidia
3555:
3548:
3541:
3534:
3527:
3507:
3500:
3480:
3472:Moghradictis
3470:
3462:Mioprionodon
3460:
3450:
3440:
3432:Forsythictis
3430:
3420:
3412:Africanictis
3410:
3374:
3354:
3344:
3334:
3324:
3270:
3137:. Retrieved
3133:
3123:
3090:
3086:
3076:
3065:. Retrieved
3062:ufdc.ufl.edu
3061:
3055:
3051:
3044:
3027:
3023:
3013:
2988:
2984:
2978:
2964:(1): 78–91.
2961:
2957:
2951:
2933:
2926:
2909:
2903:
2886:
2880:
2871:
2867:
2857:
2846:. Retrieved
2842:
2832:
2807:
2803:
2759:
2755:
2749:
2708:
2704:
2698:
2650:
2643:
2632:. Retrieved
2628:
2619:
2594:
2590:
2584:
2563:
2552:. Retrieved
2550:. 2022-06-22
2547:
2538:
2527:. Retrieved
2523:
2514:
2503:. Retrieved
2499:
2489:
2438:
2434:
2424:
2413:. Retrieved
2401:
2391:
2380:. Retrieved
2376:the original
2371:
2361:
2318:
2286:
2277:
2266:. Retrieved
2262:the original
2252:
2209:
2205:
2195:
2176:
2166:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2127:
2116:. Retrieved
2112:the original
2107:
2097:
2046:
2042:
1982:
1978:
1968:
1923:
1919:
1909:
1866:
1860:
1802:
1796:
1786:
1745:
1739:
1729:
1688:
1682:
1650:cite journal
1639:
1630:
1617:
1608:
1604:
1598:
1581:
1577:
1571:
1562:
1532:. Retrieved
1522:
1487:
1483:
1427:
1423:
1381:
1372:, Colorado,
1365:
1363:
1354:
1326:
1314:
1312:
1307:
1283:
1273:
1267:
1261:
1257:
1256:
1251:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1227:
1223:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:Irvingtonian
1189:
1188:
1185:
1175:
1171:
1163:
1155:
1147:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1114:
1106:
1104:
1061:
1050:
1045:
1042:Adams (1979)
1040:
1008:
1006:
964:
963:
947:
943:
910:
909:
885:
863:
859:
845:
841:
826:
799:
795:
785:
780:
776:
772:
770:
757:
753:
749:
733:
727:
715:
695:
692:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
652:
647:
643:
625:
621:snow leopard
616:
612:
601:Irvingtonian
597:Pennsylvania
588:
586:
572:
569:Irvingtonian
560:
556:
547:
546:
541:
540:
535:
534:
532:
526:in northern
519:
490:
489:
488:
476:
475:(Orr, 1969)
471:
463:
459:Wilson, 1942
455:
446:
434:
429:
422:
417:
413:Savage, 1960
409:
402:
397:
389:
381:
373:
366:
361:
353:
344:
322:
321:(Orr, 1969)
316:
315:
305:
295:
294:
269:
268:
259:Type species
246:
245:
138:
35:
29:
5259:Wikispecies
5190:Wikispecies
5075:Miracinonyx
5069:Wikispecies
5045:Miracinonyx
4993:Leontoceryx
4967:Pantherinae
4930:Vishnufelis
4893:Pristifelis
4852:Miracinonyx
4842:Magerifelis
4815:Leptailurus
4801:Herpailurus
4723:Styriofelis
4693:Miopanthera
4458:Palinhyaena
4418:Ikelohyaena
4321:Tungurictis
4279:Ictitherium
4265:Herpestides
4222:Pliocrocuta
4114:Dinocrocuta
4047:Liberiictis
4026:Crossarchus
3948:Herpestinae
3891:Herpestidae
3869:Mungotictis
3791:Herpestidae
3706:Herpestidae
3682:Viverricula
3668:Semigenetta
3658:Civettictis
3618:Paradoxurus
3520:Hemigalinae
3452:Ketketictis
3442:Lufengictis
3387:Viverroidea
3367:Nandiniidae
3346:Asiavorator
3093:: 132–140.
2675:|last=
2629:www.nps.gov
2106:. Felidae.
1584:: 446–450.
1364:Fossils of
1341:, Wyoming,
1315:Miracinonyx
1275:Stockoceros
1263:Antilocapra
1258:Miracinonyx
1250:-like then
1202:M. trumani.
1176:Miracinonyx
1148:Miracinonyx
1140:Miracinonyx
1132:Miracinonyx
1124:Miracinonyx
1107:Miracinonyx
1101:Description
1046:Miracinonyx
949:P. pumoides
912:P. concolor
827:Miracinonyx
796:Miracinonyx
758:Miracinonyx
754:Miracinonyx
734:Miracinonyx
589:Miracinonyx
508:Pleistocene
491:Miracinonyx
385:Brown, 1908
377:Brown, 1908
325:Adams, 1979
308:Adams, 1979
252:Adams, 1979
247:Miracinonyx
229:Subfamily:
42:Pleistocene
36:Miracinonyx
5356:Categories
4920:Sivapardus
4876:Pratifelis
4866:Pardofelis
4859:Otocolobus
4825:Leptofelis
4746:Proailurus
4713:Sivaelurus
4643:Asilifelis
4553:Viretictis
4523:Pseudictis
4465:Parahyaena
4438:Lycyaenops
4408:Hyaenictis
4344:Gansuyaena
4332:Protelinae
4242:Werdelinus
4212:Metahyaena
4192:Allohyaena
4151:Izmirictis
4121:Percrocuta
4017:Mungotinae
3937:Ugandictis
3862:Galidictis
3846:Galidiinae
3812:Euplerinae
3803:Eupleridae
3763:See below↓
3735:See below↓
3715:See below↓
3649:Viverrinae
3638:Tugenictis
3529:Chrotogale
3493:Genettinae
3482:Progenetta
3396:Viverridae
3310:Aeluroidea
3298:Nimravidae
3287:Nimravidae
3272:Palaeogale
3245:Feliformia
3185:Genera of
3139:2022-01-26
3067:2021-08-25
2874:: 422–435.
2848:2021-08-29
2837:Autin, B.
2659:1350541559
2634:2021-09-13
2554:2023-02-13
2529:2023-02-13
2505:2023-02-13
2415:2023-02-12
2382:2023-02-12
2283:Caro, T.M.
2268:2013-12-02
2118:2007-02-20
1534:2017-06-20
1392:References
1378:California
1355:M. trumani
1335:New Mexico
1327:M. trumani
1269:Tetrameryx
1240:M. trumani
1168:pronghorns
1120:M. trumani
864:M. trumani
781:M. trumani
773:M. trumani
746:homologous
679:Crypt Cave
663:F. studeri
573:M. trumani
548:M. studeri
542:M. trumani
447:M. trumani
369:Cope, 1899
357:Cope, 1895
317:M. trumani
213:Feliformia
209:Suborder:
139:M. trumani
5250:Q56316534
5181:Q56316454
4808:Leopardus
4753:Vinayakia
4683:Namafelis
4673:Katifelis
4616:Prionodon
4599:Haplogale
4533:Stenogale
4428:Leecyaena
4374:Adcrocuta
4362:Hyaeninae
4176:Hyaenidae
4165:Sivanasua
4158:Lophocyon
4144:Euboictis
4089:Hyaenidae
3985:Ichneumia
3978:Herpestes
3917:Legetetia
3907:Kichechia
3726:Hyaenidae
3628:Siamictis
3604:Kichechia
3577:Arctictis
3550:Hemigalus
3543:Diplogale
3230:Carnivora
3210:Kingdom:
3191:mongooses
3115:0031-0182
2895:182860777
2784:129010079
2667:cite book
2465:0960-9822
2410:0362-4331
2353:251700435
2345:1040-6182
2071:2589-0042
2001:1474-760X
1942:1474-7596
1821:1474-7596
1452:0272-4634
1210:found in
1080:akī́nētos
766:New World
762:Old World
742:homoplasy
702:, and by
677:found in
506:from the
498:that was
467:Orr, 1969
393:Hay, 1922
203:Carnivora
169:Kingdom:
163:Eukaryota
5244:Wikidata
5175:Wikidata
5089:47437747
5054:Wikidata
4983:Panthera
4976:Neofelis
4780:Catopuma
4773:Acinonyx
4506:Feloidea
4493:Feloidea
4351:Proteles
4286:Lycyaena
4061:Suricata
4040:Helogale
4033:Dologale
4006:Xenogale
3971:Cynictis
3964:Bdeogale
3876:Salanoia
3828:Eupleres
3754:Feloidea
3594:Kanuites
3536:Cynogale
3422:Dunictis
3376:Nandinia
3224:Mammalia
3218:Chordata
3216:Phylum:
3212:Animalia
3005:55786870
2810:(5): i.
2741:38895439
2733:17735673
2481:17665121
2473:16085477
2285:(1994).
2244:36536677
2206:iScience
2158:16249074
2089:36536677
2043:iScience
2019:27150130
1960:27150269
1901:17665121
1893:16085477
1839:26653294
1778:41672825
1770:16400146
1721:17951039
1713:17735054
1514:36693427
1386:Virginia
1347:Nebraska
1343:Colorado
1229:Smilodon
1182:Behavior
1136:Acinonyx
1115:Acinonyx
1073:ἀκίνητος
1063:Acinonyx
1003:
940:
906:
898:
890:
838:
813:
750:Acinonyx
729:Acinonyx
632:Arkansas
628:Maryland
449:synonymy
347:synonymy
334:Synonyms
304:, 1895)
284:Species
219:Family:
193:Mammalia
183:Chordata
179:Phylum:
173:Animalia
159:Domain:
5387:Felines
5320:Portals
5279:9486393
5210:4969810
5141:4117902
5115:1208841
5102:4833952
5060:Q468586
4787:Caracal
4764:Felinae
4627:Felidae
4391:Crocuta
3855:Galidia
3675:Viverra
3502:Genetta
3336:Anictis
3228:Order:
3222:Class:
3095:Bibcode
2985:Geology
2970:1301775
2824:4144916
2764:Bibcode
2713:Bibcode
2705:Science
2599:Bibcode
2443:Bibcode
2372:Science
2323:Bibcode
2235:9758517
2214:Bibcode
2080:9758517
2051:Bibcode
2010:4858819
1951:4858926
1871:Bibcode
1830:4676127
1805:: 277.
1750:Bibcode
1741:Science
1693:Bibcode
1684:Science
1590:4061990
1505:9873470
1460:4523343
1432:Bibcode
1374:Georgia
1339:Florida
1331:Arizona
1278:, and
1248:Cheetah
1220:jaguars
1194:Blancan
884:
829:
822:
811:Felinae
809:
764:or the
565:Blancan
528:Wyoming
516:cheetah
500:endemic
496:Felinae
239:Genus:
233:Felinae
223:Felidae
199:Order:
189:Class:
117:↓
5305:161112
5292:339612
5128:339611
4398:Hyaena
4202:Belbus
4054:Mungos
3957:Atilax
3611:Paguma
3509:Poiana
3195:hyenas
3187:civets
3113:
3003:
2968:
2918:729432
2916:
2893:
2822:
2782:
2739:
2731:
2657:
2479:
2471:
2463:
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2343:
2293:
2242:
2232:
2183:
2156:
2087:
2077:
2069:
2017:
2007:
1999:
1985:: 90.
1958:
1948:
1940:
1926:: 89.
1899:
1891:
1837:
1827:
1819:
1776:
1768:
1719:
1711:
1588:
1512:
1502:
1458:
1450:
1323:Mexico
1280:horses
1160:horses
720:Africa
683:Nevada
640:cougar
278:, 1895
5223:48771
5154:41064
5110:IRMNG
4794:Felis
4574:(See
3835:Fossa
3001:S2CID
2966:JSTOR
2820:JSTOR
2780:S2CID
2737:S2CID
2477:S2CID
2349:S2CID
2154:S2CID
1897:S2CID
1774:S2CID
1717:S2CID
1627:(PDF)
1586:JSTOR
1490:(1).
1456:JSTOR
1370:Texas
1284:Equus
1164:Equus
1128:et al
1068:Greek
1057:mīrus
1053:Latin
595:from
579:age.
477:sensu
435:sensu
423:sensu
403:sensu
367:sensu
323:sensu
306:sensu
5287:NCBI
5274:GBIF
5205:GBIF
5123:NCBI
5097:GBIF
4953:See
4900:Puma
4832:Lynx
3999:Urva
3296:See
3199:cats
3111:ISSN
2914:OCLC
2891:OCLC
2729:PMID
2690:link
2686:link
2679:help
2655:OCLC
2469:PMID
2461:ISSN
2406:ISSN
2341:ISSN
2291:ISBN
2240:PMID
2181:ISBN
2085:PMID
2067:ISSN
2015:PMID
1997:ISSN
1956:PMID
1938:ISSN
1889:PMID
1835:PMID
1817:ISSN
1766:PMID
1709:PMID
1663:help
1611:(2).
1510:PMID
1448:ISSN
1290:and
1272:and
1094:ónyx
1087:ὄνυξ
887:Puma
800:Puma
752:and
724:Asia
722:and
716:Puma
696:Puma
661:and
630:and
539:and
302:Cope
276:Cope
56:PreꞒ
5084:EoL
3103:doi
3091:437
3032:doi
2993:doi
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2812:doi
2772:doi
2721:doi
2709:195
2607:doi
2570:doi
2451:doi
2331:doi
2230:PMC
2222:doi
2146:doi
2075:PMC
2059:doi
2005:PMC
1987:doi
1946:PMC
1928:doi
1879:doi
1825:PMC
1807:doi
1758:doi
1746:311
1701:doi
1689:205
1500:PMC
1492:doi
1440:doi
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555:of
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