1329:
174:
1381:, sodium perborate, like most borates, was classified as "carcinogenic, mutagenic, or toxic for reproduction" (CMR), category 1B of Regulation (EC) 790/2009, as a result of being included in Part 3 of Annex VI of the regulation 1272/2008 on Classification, Labelling and Packaging (CLP) of substances and mixtures. As a result, their use has been automatically banned in cosmetic products in the EU, in any concentration, starting 1 December 2010. That extends to the use of perborates for tooth whitening.
35:
1409:
1417:
496:
570:
501:
1508:
500:
1450:
Bocasan was packaged in a 1.7 gram envelope, and contained 69.72% sodium perborate monohydrate and 29.68% sodium hydrogen tartrate anhydrous. To use, the contents were dissolved in 30 cubic centimetres of warm water. Half the amount was swilled around the mouth for two minutes and discarded, and the
1205:
It may also be produced in the electrolysis of an aqueous solution containing borax, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate (potassium dichromate is added to improve yield along with sodium silicate). A copper pipe is used as a cathode and platinum for the anode, the current being 6 amperes at 7 to
1566:
Vintage Brands
Limited began manufacturing and selling Amosan Oral Antiseptic Rinse in 2014 because many consumers were disappointed that it was no longer available. Product review pages on Amazon and public comment forums elsewhere indicate a high level of frustration with the discontinuation by
499:
714:
and by P. Melikoff and L. Pissadewsky; the researchers prepared sodium perborate by treating sodium borate with a solution of hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide, but
Tanatar also obtained sodium perborate by electrolysis of a solution of sodium borate.
1364:
formulas for non vital root treated teeth. The compound is inserted in the root canal and left in place for an extended period of time to allow it to diffuse into the tooth and bleach stains from the inside out. However, this use has been banned in the
1254:. Borates also have some non-oxidative bleaching properties. Sodium perborate releases oxygen rapidly at temperatures over 60 °C. To make it active at lower temperatures (40–60 °C), one must mix it with a suitable activator, typically
1458:, which is released during the use of this product, may prevent or retard colonization and multiplication of anaerobic bacteria, such as those that inhabit oral wounds. A small (n=12) 1998 RCT shows that Bocasan combined with
1529:
by weight. Sold as a powder customarily packaged in 1.7g envelopes, it reconstitution with warm water, after which it is used as a mouth rinse. It is used to aid in the prevention of, as well as speed the recovery from
1562:
after its 2005 acquisition of
Gillette. In December 2010, its use was banned in the EU, as the product is based on borate, which the union considers "carcinogenic, mutagenic, or toxic for reproduction".
2210:
Dona, BL; Gründemann, LJ; Steinfort, J; Timmerman, MF; van der
Weijden, GA (November 1998). "The inhibitory effect of combining chlorhexidine and hydrogen peroxide on 3-day plaque accumulation".
1898:
Carrondo, M. A. A. F. de C. T.; Skapski, A. C. (1978). "Refinement of the X-ray crystal structure of the industrial bleaching agent disodium tetrahydroxo-di-μ-peroxo-diborate hexahydrate, Na
2394:
2245:
Gründemann, LJ; Timmerman, MF; Ijzerman, Y; van der
Weijden, GA; van der Weijden, GA (January 2000). "Stain, plaque and gingivitis reduction by combining chlorhexidine and peroxyborate".
1985:
J. Dugua and B.Simon (1978): "Crystallization of sodium perborate from aqueous solutions: II. Growth kinetics of different faces in pure solution and in the presence of a surfactant".
2353:
2430:
457:
583:
1088:
The "monohydrate" form dissolves faster than the "tetrahydrate" and has higher heat stability; it is prepared by heating the "tetrahydrate". The commercial "anhydrate", or
1667:
1357:, which is released during the use of this product, may prevent or retard colonization and multiplication of anaerobic bacteria, such as those that inhabit oral wounds.
1574:
in Canada had produced a comparable product under their house brand: 'Life Brand Oral Wound
Cleanser'. Also, Jean Coutu and Rexall has their own house brand versions.
904:
for each of the three traditional "hydrates", the three "peroxyborate" versions of each (interpreted as a hydrogen peroxide adduct) and the poorly-defined "anhydrate"
502:
1965:
J. Dugua and B.Simon (1978): "Crystallization of sodium perborate from aqueous solutions: I. Nucleation rates in pure solution and in presence of a surfactant".
1706:
Alexander McKillop and
William R Sanderson (1995): "Sodium perborate and sodium percarbonate: Cheap, safe and versatile oxidising agents for organic synthesis".
1462:
mouthwash is better than chlorhexidine alone in preventing plaque. A further study (n=28) shows that
Bocasan reduces the staining associated with chlorhexidine.
4308:
324:
1820:
3750:
2717:
111:
2423:
2151:
Medicines: The
Comprehensive Guide edited by Dr. Ian Morton, Judith M. Hall. Royal Society of Medicine. Bloomsbury Publishing, London, 2002. Pg 118
2391:
524:
34:
2046:
1882:
2386:
5631:
2416:
2357:
1085:
appear. At high borate concentrations, the sodium perborate with dimeric anion crystallizes out, due to its relatively low solubility.
873:. Both forms are white, odorless, water-soluble solids. The "monohydrate" and the "tetrahydrate" are the commercially important forms.
1684:
517:
4490:
1748:
289:
1328:
1842:
Jakob, Harold; Leininger, Stefan; Lehmann, Thomas; Jacobi, Sylvia; Gutewort, Sven (2007). "Ch. 26: Peroxo
Compounds, Inorganic".
4652:
4079:
4096:
2710:
2381:
1935:
1507:
3863:
3831:
590:
1587:
1526:
1475:
240:
5017:
5580:
4112:
3506:
3286:
5165:
2175:
Wennstrom, Jan; Lindhe, Jan (April 1979). "Effect of hydrogen peroxide on developing plaque and gingivitis in man".
3875:
3474:
3427:
3415:
2478:
2066:
1255:
2078:
Wennstrom, Jan; Lindhe, Jan (Apr 1979). "Effect of hydrogen peroxide on developing plaque and gingivitis in man".
5646:
5616:
3526:
3516:
3355:
2703:
671:
510:
181:
4383:
3498:
3458:
2875:
2530:
762:
2403:
1484:
5002:
3548:
2515:
4739:
1046:
As the concentration of the solution increases, other peroxoborate species become significant. With excess
830:
The anhydrous compound is commonly but incorrectly called a "monohydrate" after the historical formulation
169:
4821:
4802:
3371:
3311:
3298:
2297:
5389:
4931:
4023:
2321:
728:
5377:
5249:
5110:
4641:
4483:
4067:
3794:
3698:
1874:
1795:
1243:
704:
5428:
4867:
5510:
5405:
5365:
5052:
5026:
4852:
4684:
4668:
4395:
3652:
3626:
5636:
5197:
4991:
4837:
4794:
4579:
4340:
4299:
4055:
3983:
3903:
3706:
3581:
3274:
3262:
3111:
2861:
2510:
5553:
5534:
5494:
5457:
5277:
5213:
5094:
5044:
1778:
1761:
5486:
5154:
5082:
4946:
4883:
4859:
4408:
4035:
4011:
3995:
3931:
3714:
3672:
3631:
3597:
3339:
3327:
2954:
2847:
1631:
1559:
1239:
724:
61:
4954:
4810:
1616:: Use up to 4 times daily, after meals and before bedtime or as directed by a dentist or physician
5626:
5261:
4938:
4324:
4287:
3693:
3644:
3540:
3246:
3143:
3079:
2983:
2975:
2833:
1908:
1571:
1535:
1444:
1322:
972:
1800:
Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie (Journal for Inorganic and General Chemistry)
1451:
procedure repeated with the remainder. Treatment was recommended three times a day after meals.
736:
5641:
4899:
4627:
4255:
4214:
4168:
3778:
3685:
3664:
3613:
3557:
3439:
3199:
3159:
3127:
3095:
3004:
2799:
2752:
2610:
2555:
2520:
2262:
2227:
2192:
2095:
2042:
1878:
1744:
1680:
1455:
1354:
1342:
1301:
1285:
1227:
1127:
924:
711:
700:
609:
546:
1846:. Vol. A19. Hoboken, New Jersey, USA: Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. pp. 293–324.
151:
5621:
4702:
4558:
4476:
4141:
3959:
3943:
3851:
3839:
3810:
3722:
3466:
3207:
3071:
3063:
3020:
2925:
2866:
2828:
2726:
2535:
2483:
2254:
2219:
2184:
2138:
2122:
2087:
2034:
1990:
1970:
1917:
1866:
1847:
1711:
1672:
1601:
1551:
1408:
1231:
1123:
613:
432:
347:
2161:
1416:
602:
In the following text, hydration states in quotation marks indicate incorrect common names.
264:
256:
249:
86:
78:
4976:
4729:
4605:
4421:
4239:
4194:
4181:
4150:
3919:
3766:
3403:
3391:
3187:
3175:
2967:
2959:
2934:
2880:
2852:
2816:
2775:
2760:
2747:
2473:
2398:
1361:
1350:
71:
2258:
1300:. Another use of sodium perborate in organic synthesis is as a convenient alternative to
552:
426:
130 to 150 °C (266 to 302 °F; 403 to 423 K) ("tetrahydrate", decomposes)
173:
131:
5121:
4981:
4776:
4721:
4710:
4594:
4566:
4536:
4271:
4230:
4163:
3971:
3887:
3734:
3680:
3639:
3621:
3238:
3230:
3051:
3039:
2996:
2988:
2900:
2838:
2791:
2765:
2625:
2620:
2505:
2439:
2223:
2188:
2091:
1398:
1378:
1366:
900:, traditionally known as the "trihydrate", with no industrial significance. There is a
561:
2339:
1401:
by Knox Laboratories Ltd of London from 1960–1975, before being rebranded as an
5610:
5182:
5144:
5136:
5129:
4695:
4370:
3822:
3012:
2770:
2644:
2634:
2565:
2026:
1994:
1974:
1715:
1597:
1459:
1219:
1093:
758:
421:
411:
162:
2408:
213:
4969:
4962:
4513:
4357:
4133:
2917:
2909:
2807:
2605:
2590:
2525:
2443:
1531:
1440:
1270:
1266:
964:
696:
would be the anhydrous form). They are both white, odorless, water-soluble solids.
468:
463:
2117:
Nature Inc. (2015): "Chemical used in beauty salon teeth whitening banned by EU".
2038:
2025:
McKillop, Alexander; Kabalka, George W.; Reddy, Marepally Srinivasa (2008-09-15),
2007:
1851:
1676:
1136:, which is then reacted with hydrogen peroxide to give hydrated sodium perborate:
1428:
was available for a period before also ceasing production in 2010. As of 2013, a
4915:
4714:
3486:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2595:
2575:
2560:
2540:
2455:
1942:
1436:
1429:
1314:
536:
2139:"Two sachets of Bocasan mouthwash powder, supplied by Knox la < CultureGrid"
861:. Likewise, the hexahydrate is usually called "tetrahydrate" and formulated as
4438:
2684:
2570:
2550:
2497:
2308:
1921:
1522:
1519:
1262:
1199:
943:
920:
901:
373:
142:
2354:"Life Brand Oral Wound Cleanser Mouthwash 1.7g x 20 Sachets SKU 057800802228"
2660:
2580:
2493:
2463:
2126:
1293:
1289:
1281:
1223:
276:
2266:
1092:, is prepared by further heating of "monohydrate" and actually consists of
2231:
2639:
2585:
2196:
2099:
1435:
It was used to aid treatment, in adults or children over 5 years old, of
1424:
Production of Bocasan appears to have ceased by 2003. A similar product,
1274:
523:
516:
509:
482:
1538:, orthodontic irritation, and oral injuries or after dental procedures.
934:
More precisely, in solution the cyclic anion hydrolizes into two anions
4759:
2665:
2545:
2468:
1555:
1318:
1297:
1251:
678:
200:
182:
1498:: Use up to three times daily, after meals or as directed by a dentist
735:
with hydrogen peroxide – known only since 1961. Rather, it contains a
17:
4499:
2452:
1766:
Zeitschrift für physikalische Chemie (Journal for Physical Chemistry)
1636:
1626:
1547:
1425:
1402:
1346:
1235:
928:
732:
560:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
2695:
2033:, Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, pp. rs094.pub2,
4615:
3565:
1506:
1415:
1407:
1327:
1105:
739:
224:
122:
110:
100:
49:
Sodium peroxoborate, PBS-1 ("monohydrate"), PBS-4 ("tetrahydrate")
401:
4472:
2699:
2412:
2008:"US3038842A Process of making sodium perborate by electrolysis"
710:
Sodium perborate was first obtained in 1898, independently, by
677:
The compound is commonly encountered in anhydrous form or as a
1247:
773:
The compound also crystallizes from water as the hexahydrate,
298:
InChI=1S/B2H4O8.2Na/c3-1(4)7-9-2(5,6)10-8-1;;/h3-6H;;/q-2;2*+1
308:
InChI=1/B2H4O8.2Na/c3-1(4)7-9-2(5,6)10-8-1;;/h3-6H;;/q-2;2*+1
1432:
pharmacy offers the same formulation under the name Bikosan
1550:; a mention of the powder appeared in the February 6, 1970
4468:
1665:
Harald Jakob; et al. "Peroxy Compounds, Inorganic".
1567:
users who could find no effective alternative treatment.
494:
2280:
1341:
Sodium perborate monohydrate is quickly hydrolyzed into
578:
1447:, orthodontic irritation, or after dental procedures.
416:
63 °C (145 °F; 336 K) ("tetrahydrate")
1554:. Between 2005 and 2010, Amosan was manufactured in
4132:
3451:
3223:
3032:
2947:
2893:
2784:
2740:
2733:
2653:
2619:
2492:
2451:
2387:National Pollutant Inventory - Boron and compounds
1454:A 1979 double-blind crossover study suggests that
681:(commonly called, respectively, "monohydrate" or
2356:. Shopper Drug Mart / Pharmaprix. Archived from
1743:(1994) Ed. R. Bruce King, John Wiley & Sons
1739:B.J. Brotherton "Boron: Inorganic Chemistry" in
1104:Sodium perborate is manufactured by reaction of
212:
1397:was an oral wound cleanser manufactured in the
761:attached to each boron atom. The ring adopts a
498:
85:
77:
70:
2031:Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis
1844:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
1825:Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft
1668:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
1558:and sold under the Oral-B brand, belonging to
1218:Sodium perborate serves as a stable source of
4484:
2711:
2424:
1313:, for example in the 2 step conversion of an
8:
1764:[Perborates and their composition].
1735:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1349:on contact with water. A 1979 double-blind
1332:Oxidation of Boronate with sodium perborate
4491:
4477:
4469:
2737:
2718:
2704:
2696:
2431:
2417:
2409:
172:
150:
26:
2121:, volume 2, article 15075, 26 June 2015.
1660:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1360:Sodium perborate is also present in some
263:
255:
248:
3533:
3529:
3519:
3509:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2067:Spirocycloheptanes as inhibitors of rock
1710:, volume 51, issue 22, pages 6145-6166.
1702:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1308:
1304:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1132:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1080:
1072:
1064:
1060:
1053:
1049:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1014:
1010:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
978:
959:
955:
948:
937:
907:
891:
887:
883:
879:
864:
857:
853:
849:
845:
833:
823:
819:
812:
808:
804:
800:
788:
784:
780:
776:
748:
744:
692:
661:
657:
653:
649:
642:
638:
634:
630:
623:
619:
363:
355:
2029:, in John Wiley & Sons, Ltd (ed.),
1648:
942:, which then enter in equilibrium with
666:. Its name is sometimes abbreviated as
329:
294:
4526:
2162:"Home ⋆ Bik & Bik Online Pharmacy"
1819:Melikoff, P.; Pissadewsky, L. (1898).
1269:. It is also used as a "disappearing"
1238:. It is a less aggressive bleach than
1202:may be added to control crystal size.
163:
5354:
2404:Sodium perborate in organic synthesis
876:There does exist a true tetrahydrate
689:, after the historic assumption that
301:Key: JBUKJLNBQDQXLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
130:
7:
4509:
2259:10.1034/j.1600-051x.2000.027001009.x
1989:, volume 44, issue 3, pages 280-286.
1969:, volume 44, issue 3, pages 265-279.
1783:Zeitschrift für physikalische Chemie
1570:In April 2012, it was reported that
1280:Sodium perborate is also used as an
467:
388:g/mol ("tetrahydrate")
2322:"Amosan Oral Wound Cleanser Powder"
1936:"Sodium Perborate REACH Consortium"
1781:[Notice about perborates].
1741:Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry
311:Key: JBUKJLNBQDQXLI-UHFFFAOYAG
203:
2247:Journal of Clinical Periodontology
2224:10.1111/j.1600-051x.1998.tb02385.x
2212:Journal of Clinical Periodontology
2189:10.1111/j.1600-051x.1979.tb02190.x
2177:Journal of Clinical Periodontology
2092:10.1111/j.1600-051x.1979.tb02190.x
1511:Amosan Oral Antiseptic Rinse, 2014
25:
1762:"Perborate und ihre Konstitution"
923:in contact with water, producing
731:, the compound is not simply an
568:
33:
2392:Sodium perborate history, image
2382:Borax Detergent Book: Bleaching
1821:"Hypertitanate und Hyperborate"
1206:8 volts, and the temperature 10
564:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
2006:Paul, Mollard (12 June 1962).
1546:Amosan was originally made by
1246:, causing less degradation to
442:g/(100 mL) ("tetrahydrate", 18
1:
2039:10.1002/047084289x.rs094.pub2
1852:10.1002/14356007.a19_177.pub2
1677:10.1002/14356007.a19_177.pub2
1995:10.1016/0022-0248(78)90026-X
1975:10.1016/0022-0248(78)90025-8
1798:[About perborates].
1716:10.1016/0040-4020(95)00304-Q
1588:Sodium perborate monohydrate
1527:sodium perborate monohydrate
1476:Sodium perborate monohydrate
1265:properties and can act as a
699:This salt is widely used in
5632:Cleaning product components
1288:. For example, it converts
919:Sodium perborate undergoes
5663:
5356:
2479:Sodium monofluorophosphate
1412:Bocasan dental rinse front
1256:tetraacetylethylenediamine
1096:and boron–oxygen radical.
601:
4528:
4506:
1987:Journal of Crystal Growth
1967:Journal of Crystal Growth
1922:10.1107/S0567740878011565
1871:Chemistry of the Elements
1869:; Earnshaw, Alan (1997).
1420:Bocasan dental rinse back
672:phosphate-buffered saline
670:(not to be confused with
558:
476:
450:
340:
320:
285:
54:
46:
41:
32:
2531:Cetylpyridinium chloride
1485:Sodium hydrogen tartrate
2127:10.1038/bdjteam.2015.75
1671:. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.
1244:chlorine-based bleaches
842:instead of the correct
753:consisting of a cyclic
705:peroxide-based bleaches
1779:"Notiz über Perborate"
1525:. It contains 68.635%
1512:
1421:
1413:
1333:
685:and "tetrahydrate" or
505:
382:g/mol ("monohydrate");
268: ("tetrahydrate")
90: ("tetrahydrate")
1875:Butterworth-Heinemann
1867:Greenwood, Norman N.
1610:: Oral wound cleanser
1510:
1419:
1411:
1331:
1321:(the first step is a
646:, or, more properly,
504:
260: ("monohydrate")
82: ("monohydrate")
2666:Acetylsalicylic acid
2511:Benzoxonium chloride
2309:Amosan Oral Products
1794:Tanatar, S. (1901).
1777:Tanatar, S. (1898).
1760:Tanatar, S. (1898).
1594:Inactive ingredients
1560:Procter & Gamble
1481:Inactive ingredients
952:, hydrogen peroxide
487:(fire diamond)
2218:(11 Pt 1): 879–83.
1632:Sodium percarbonate
1439:conditions such as
1240:sodium hypochlorite
911:, totalling seven.
729:sodium perphosphate
725:sodium percarbonate
433:Solubility in water
29:
2397:2011-04-07 at the
2342:. Mouthulcers.org.
2080:J Clin Periodontol
2027:"Sodium Perborate"
1909:Acta Crystallogr B
1572:Shoppers Drug Mart
1536:denture irritation
1513:
1445:denture irritation
1422:
1414:
1334:
1323:Miyaura borylation
1273:in some brands of
1228:laundry detergents
973:tetrahydroxyborate
763:chair conformation
701:laundry detergents
591:Infobox references
506:
332:..O1(OO(O)(O)OO1)O
27:
5604:
5603:
5598:
5597:
4466:
4465:
4128:
4127:
2693:
2692:
2611:Tibezonium iodide
2556:Hydrogen peroxide
2521:Chlortetracycline
2484:Stannous fluoride
2048:978-0-471-93623-7
1884:978-0-08-037941-8
1584:Active ingredient
1472:Active ingredient
1456:hydrogen peroxide
1355:hydrogen peroxide
1343:hydrogen peroxide
1286:organic synthesis
1261:The compound has
1232:cleaning products
1153:+ 2 NaOH → 4 NaBO
1128:sodium metaborate
1077:, and eventually
925:hydrogen peroxide
712:Sebastian Tanatar
610:chemical compound
599:Chemical compound
597:
596:
547:Safety data sheet
112:Interactive image
28:Sodium perborate
16:(Redirected from
5654:
5647:Oxidizing agents
5617:Sodium compounds
4510:
4493:
4486:
4479:
4470:
3536:
3522:
3512:
3224:Oxypnictogenides
3033:Oxychalcogenides
2738:
2727:Sodium compounds
2720:
2713:
2706:
2697:
2601:Sodium perborate
2536:Domiphen bromide
2433:
2426:
2419:
2410:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2350:
2344:
2343:
2340:"Bocasan/Amosan"
2336:
2330:
2329:
2318:
2312:
2306:
2300:
2298:Federal register
2295:
2289:
2288:
2277:
2271:
2270:
2242:
2236:
2235:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2172:
2166:
2165:
2158:
2152:
2149:
2143:
2142:
2135:
2129:
2115:
2104:
2103:
2075:
2069:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2055:
2022:
2016:
2015:
2003:
1997:
1983:
1977:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1947:
1941:. Archived from
1940:
1932:
1926:
1925:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1873:(2nd ed.).
1863:
1857:
1855:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1816:
1810:
1807:
1796:"Über Perborate"
1790:
1773:
1757:
1751:
1737:
1718:
1704:
1691:
1690:
1662:
1602:sodium saccharin
1552:Federal Register
1311:
1209:
1194:
1162:
1135:
1124:sodium hydroxide
1121:
1084:
1076:
1068:
1056:
1042:
1018:
1005:
1000:O ⇌ 2 [B(OH)
982:
970:
962:
951:
941:
910:
899:
872:
860:
841:
826:
815:
796:
756:
752:
703:, as one of the
695:
665:
645:
626:
614:chemical formula
606:Sodium perborate
581:
575:
572:
571:
526:
519:
512:
497:
471:
445:
441:
387:
381:
367:
348:Chemical formula
267:
259:
252:
216:
205:
184:
176:
165:
154:
134:
114:
89:
81:
74:
37:
30:
21:
5662:
5661:
5657:
5656:
5655:
5653:
5652:
5651:
5607:
5606:
5605:
5600:
5599:
5561:
5557:
5546:
5542:
5538:
5522:
5518:
5514:
5506:
5502:
5498:
5490:
5483:
5479:
5475:
5471:
5469:
5465:
5461:
5454:
5450:
5446:
5442:
5440:
5436:
5432:
5409:
5401:
5397:
5393:
5385:
5381:
5373:
5369:
5281:
5273:
5269:
5265:
5257:
5253:
5221:
5217:
5209:
5205:
5201:
5190:
5186:
5177:
5173:
5169:
5164:
5162:
5158:
5140:
5135:
5133:
5125:
5114:
5106:
5102:
5098:
5090:
5086:
5060:
5056:
5048:
5038:
5034:
5030:
5021:
5016:
5014:
5010:
5006:
5001:
4999:
4995:
4975:
4973:
4968:
4966:
4958:
4950:
4942:
4937:
4935:
4927:
4923:
4919:
4911:
4907:
4903:
4895:
4891:
4887:
4879:
4875:
4871:
4863:
4858:
4856:
4851:
4849:
4845:
4841:
4833:
4829:
4825:
4814:
4806:
4798:
4788:
4784:
4780:
4771:
4767:
4763:
4758:
4755:
4751:
4747:
4743:
4725:
4720:
4718:
4713:
4706:
4701:
4699:
4688:
4680:
4676:
4672:
4664:
4660:
4656:
4651:
4649:
4645:
4640:
4638:
4633:
4631:
4626:
4623:
4619:
4598:
4593:
4591:
4587:
4583:
4574:
4570:
4565:
4562:
4548:
4544:
4540:
4521:
4517:
4502:
4497:
4467:
4462:
4458:
4454:
4450:
4446:
4442:
4433:
4429:
4425:
4416:
4412:
4403:
4399:
4391:
4387:
4378:
4374:
4365:
4361:
4352:
4348:
4344:
4336:
4332:
4328:
4320:
4316:
4312:
4303:
4295:
4291:
4283:
4279:
4275:
4267:
4263:
4259:
4251:
4247:
4243:
4234:
4226:
4222:
4218:
4210:
4206:
4202:
4198:
4189:
4185:
4176:
4172:
4158:
4154:
4145:
4124:
4120:
4116:
4108:
4104:
4100:
4091:
4087:
4083:
4075:
4071:
4063:
4059:
4051:
4047:
4043:
4039:
4031:
4027:
4019:
4015:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3991:
3987:
3979:
3975:
3967:
3963:
3955:
3951:
3947:
3939:
3935:
3927:
3923:
3915:
3911:
3907:
3899:
3895:
3891:
3883:
3879:
3871:
3867:
3859:
3855:
3847:
3843:
3835:
3826:
3818:
3814:
3806:
3802:
3798:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3774:
3770:
3762:
3758:
3754:
3746:
3742:
3738:
3730:
3726:
3718:
3710:
3702:
3689:
3676:
3668:
3660:
3656:
3648:
3635:
3617:
3609:
3605:
3601:
3593:
3589:
3585:
3577:
3573:
3569:
3561:
3552:
3544:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3521:
3517:
3511:
3507:
3502:
3494:
3490:
3482:
3478:
3470:
3462:
3447:
3443:
3435:
3431:
3423:
3419:
3411:
3407:
3399:
3395:
3387:
3383:
3379:
3375:
3367:
3363:
3359:
3351:
3347:
3343:
3335:
3331:
3323:
3319:
3315:
3306:
3302:
3294:
3290:
3282:
3278:
3270:
3266:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3242:
3234:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3203:
3195:
3191:
3183:
3179:
3171:
3167:
3163:
3155:
3151:
3147:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3107:
3103:
3099:
3091:
3087:
3083:
3075:
3067:
3059:
3055:
3047:
3043:
3028:
3024:
3016:
3008:
3000:
2992:
2979:
2971:
2963:
2943:
2938:
2929:
2921:
2913:
2904:
2889:
2884:
2870:
2856:
2842:
2824:
2820:
2811:
2803:
2795:
2780:
2756:
2729:
2724:
2694:
2689:
2649:
2626:Glucocorticoids
2623:
2621:Corticosteroids
2615:
2488:
2474:Sodium fluoride
2447:
2437:
2399:Wayback Machine
2378:
2373:
2372:
2363:
2361:
2352:
2351:
2347:
2338:
2337:
2333:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2307:
2303:
2296:
2292:
2279:
2278:
2274:
2244:
2243:
2239:
2209:
2208:
2204:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2160:
2159:
2155:
2150:
2146:
2137:
2136:
2132:
2116:
2107:
2077:
2076:
2072:
2065:
2061:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2024:
2023:
2019:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1984:
1980:
1964:
1960:
1951:
1949:
1945:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1929:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1885:
1865:
1864:
1860:
1841:
1840:
1836:
1818:
1817:
1813:
1793:
1776:
1759:
1758:
1754:
1738:
1721:
1705:
1694:
1687:
1664:
1663:
1650:
1645:
1623:
1580:
1544:
1505:
1492:: Oral cleanser
1468:
1392:
1387:
1375:
1362:tooth bleaching
1351:crossover study
1339:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1216:
1207:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1134:
1130:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1102:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1071:[B(OH)(OOH)
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
980:
976:
968:
961:
957:
953:
950:
946:
939:
935:
917:
909:
905:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
870:
866:
862:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
825:
821:
817:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
771:
754:
750:
746:
742:
721:
694:
690:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
625:
621:
617:
616:may be written
603:
600:
593:
588:
587:
586: ?)
577:
573:
569:
565:
531:
530:
529:
528:
521:
514:
507:
503:
495:
460:
443:
439:
435:
385:
383:
379:
365:
357:
353:
350:
336:
333:
328:
327:
316:
313:
312:
309:
303:
302:
299:
293:
292:
271:
235:
219:
206:
194:
157:
137:
117:
104:
93:
64:
50:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5660:
5658:
5650:
5649:
5644:
5639:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5609:
5608:
5602:
5601:
5596:
5595:
5592:
5589:
5586:
5583:
5578:
5575:
5572:
5569:
5566:
5563:
5559:
5555:
5551:
5548:
5544:
5540:
5536:
5532:
5529:
5525:
5524:
5520:
5516:
5512:
5508:
5504:
5500:
5496:
5492:
5488:
5484:
5481:
5477:
5473:
5467:
5463:
5459:
5455:
5452:
5448:
5444:
5438:
5434:
5430:
5426:
5423:
5420:
5417:
5414:
5411:
5407:
5403:
5399:
5395:
5391:
5387:
5383:
5379:
5375:
5371:
5367:
5363:
5359:
5358:
5355:
5352:
5351:
5348:
5345:
5342:
5339:
5336:
5333:
5330:
5327:
5324:
5321:
5318:
5315:
5312:
5309:
5306:
5303:
5300:
5297:
5293:
5292:
5289:
5286:
5283:
5279:
5275:
5271:
5267:
5263:
5259:
5255:
5251:
5247:
5244:
5241:
5238:
5235:
5232:
5229:
5226:
5223:
5219:
5215:
5211:
5207:
5203:
5199:
5195:
5192:
5188:
5184:
5180:
5175:
5171:
5167:
5160:
5156:
5151:
5150:
5147:
5142:
5138:
5131:
5127:
5123:
5119:
5116:
5112:
5108:
5104:
5100:
5096:
5092:
5088:
5084:
5080:
5077:
5074:
5071:
5068:
5065:
5062:
5058:
5054:
5050:
5046:
5042:
5040:
5036:
5032:
5028:
5024:
5019:
5012:
5008:
5004:
4997:
4993:
4988:
4987:
4984:
4979:
4971:
4964:
4960:
4956:
4952:
4948:
4944:
4940:
4933:
4929:
4925:
4921:
4917:
4913:
4909:
4905:
4901:
4897:
4893:
4889:
4885:
4881:
4877:
4873:
4869:
4865:
4861:
4854:
4847:
4843:
4839:
4835:
4831:
4827:
4823:
4819:
4816:
4812:
4808:
4804:
4800:
4796:
4792:
4790:
4786:
4782:
4778:
4774:
4769:
4765:
4761:
4753:
4749:
4745:
4741:
4736:
4735:
4732:
4727:
4723:
4716:
4708:
4704:
4697:
4693:
4690:
4686:
4682:
4678:
4674:
4670:
4666:
4662:
4658:
4654:
4647:
4643:
4636:
4629:
4621:
4617:
4612:
4611:
4608:
4603:
4600:
4596:
4589:
4585:
4581:
4577:
4572:
4568:
4560:
4556:
4553:
4550:
4546:
4542:
4538:
4533:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4525:
4523:
4519:
4515:
4508:
4507:
4504:
4503:
4498:
4496:
4495:
4488:
4481:
4473:
4464:
4463:
4461:
4460:
4456:
4452:
4448:
4444:
4440:
4436:
4431:
4427:
4423:
4419:
4414:
4410:
4406:
4401:
4397:
4393:
4389:
4385:
4381:
4376:
4372:
4368:
4363:
4359:
4355:
4350:
4346:
4342:
4338:
4334:
4330:
4326:
4322:
4318:
4314:
4310:
4306:
4301:
4297:
4293:
4289:
4285:
4281:
4277:
4273:
4269:
4265:
4261:
4257:
4253:
4249:
4245:
4241:
4237:
4232:
4228:
4224:
4220:
4216:
4212:
4208:
4204:
4200:
4196:
4192:
4187:
4183:
4179:
4174:
4170:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4136:
4130:
4129:
4126:
4125:
4123:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4106:
4102:
4098:
4094:
4089:
4085:
4081:
4077:
4073:
4069:
4065:
4061:
4057:
4053:
4049:
4045:
4041:
4037:
4033:
4029:
4025:
4021:
4017:
4013:
4009:
4005:
4001:
3997:
3993:
3989:
3985:
3981:
3977:
3973:
3969:
3965:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3949:
3945:
3941:
3937:
3933:
3929:
3925:
3921:
3917:
3913:
3909:
3905:
3901:
3897:
3893:
3889:
3885:
3881:
3877:
3873:
3869:
3865:
3861:
3857:
3853:
3849:
3845:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3829:
3824:
3820:
3816:
3812:
3808:
3804:
3800:
3796:
3792:
3788:
3784:
3780:
3776:
3772:
3768:
3764:
3760:
3756:
3752:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3728:
3724:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3696:
3691:
3687:
3683:
3678:
3674:
3670:
3666:
3662:
3658:
3654:
3650:
3646:
3642:
3637:
3633:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3615:
3611:
3607:
3603:
3599:
3595:
3591:
3587:
3583:
3579:
3575:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3550:
3546:
3542:
3538:
3524:
3514:
3504:
3500:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3480:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3460:
3455:
3453:
3449:
3448:
3446:
3445:
3441:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3425:
3421:
3417:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3393:
3389:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3373:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3357:
3353:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3256:
3252:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3165:
3161:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3049:
3045:
3041:
3036:
3034:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2951:
2949:
2945:
2944:
2942:
2941:
2936:
2932:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2895:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2887:
2882:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2788:
2786:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2744:
2742:
2735:
2731:
2730:
2725:
2723:
2722:
2715:
2708:
2700:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2687:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2657:
2655:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2642:
2640:Hydrocortisone
2637:
2631:
2629:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2506:Amphotericin B
2502:
2500:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2460:
2458:
2449:
2448:
2442:preparations (
2440:Stomatological
2438:
2436:
2435:
2428:
2421:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2401:
2389:
2384:
2377:
2376:External links
2374:
2371:
2370:
2345:
2331:
2313:
2301:
2290:
2272:
2237:
2202:
2167:
2153:
2144:
2130:
2105:
2070:
2059:
2047:
2017:
2012:Google Patents
1998:
1978:
1958:
1927:
1903:
1899:
1890:
1883:
1858:
1834:
1811:
1809:
1808:
1791:
1752:
1719:
1692:
1686:978-3527306732
1685:
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1540:
1504:
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1500:
1499:
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1467:
1464:
1399:United Kingdom
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1379:European Union
1374:
1371:
1367:European Union
1353:suggests that
1338:
1335:
1234:, and laundry
1215:
1212:
1196:
1195:
1163:
1101:
1098:
1044:
1043:
1030:O ⇌ [B(OH)
1019:
1013:(OOH)] ⇌ B(OH)
1006:
916:
913:
895:
868:
837:
792:
770:
767:
759:hydroxy groups
757:core with two
720:
717:
598:
595:
594:
589:
567:
566:
562:standard state
559:
556:
555:
550:
543:
542:
541:Non-flammable
539:
533:
532:
522:
515:
508:
493:
492:
491:
490:
488:
479:
478:
474:
473:
461:
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453:
452:
448:
447:
436:
431:
428:
427:
424:
418:
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376:
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369:
351:
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331:
323:
322:
321:
318:
317:
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167:
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135:
127:
125:
119:
118:
116:
115:
107:
105:
98:
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91:
83:
75:
67:
65:
60:
57:
56:
52:
51:
48:
44:
43:
39:
38:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5659:
5648:
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5640:
5638:
5635:
5633:
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5625:
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5530:
5527:
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5491:
5485:
5470:
5456:
5441:
5427:
5424:
5421:
5418:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5404:
5402:
5388:
5386:
5376:
5374:
5364:
5361:
5360:
5353:
5349:
5346:
5343:
5340:
5337:
5334:
5331:
5328:
5325:
5322:
5319:
5316:
5313:
5310:
5307:
5304:
5301:
5298:
5295:
5294:
5290:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5276:
5274:
5260:
5258:
5248:
5245:
5242:
5239:
5236:
5233:
5230:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5212:
5210:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5181:
5179:
5163:
5153:
5152:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5134:
5128:
5126:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5109:
5107:
5093:
5091:
5081:
5078:
5075:
5072:
5069:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5051:
5049:
5043:
5041:
5039:
5025:
5023:
5015:
5000:
4990:
4989:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4974:
4967:
4961:
4959:
4953:
4951:
4945:
4943:
4936:
4930:
4928:
4914:
4912:
4898:
4896:
4882:
4880:
4866:
4864:
4857:
4850:
4836:
4834:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4809:
4807:
4801:
4799:
4793:
4791:
4789:
4775:
4773:
4757:
4738:
4737:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4719:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4700:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4683:
4681:
4667:
4665:
4650:
4639:
4632:
4625:
4614:
4613:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4592:
4578:
4576:
4564:
4557:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4535:
4534:
4530:
4524:
4522:
4512:
4511:
4505:
4501:
4494:
4489:
4487:
4482:
4480:
4475:
4474:
4471:
4459:
4437:
4435:
4420:
4418:
4407:
4405:
4394:
4392:
4382:
4380:
4369:
4367:
4356:
4354:
4339:
4337:
4323:
4321:
4307:
4305:
4298:
4296:
4286:
4284:
4270:
4268:
4254:
4252:
4238:
4236:
4229:
4227:
4213:
4211:
4193:
4191:
4180:
4178:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4149:
4147:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4135:
4131:
4121:
4111:
4109:
4095:
4093:
4078:
4076:
4066:
4064:
4054:
4052:
4034:
4032:
4022:
4020:
4010:
4008:
3994:
3992:
3982:
3980:
3970:
3968:
3958:
3956:
3942:
3940:
3930:
3928:
3918:
3916:
3902:
3900:
3886:
3884:
3874:
3872:
3862:
3860:
3850:
3848:
3838:
3836:
3830:
3828:
3821:
3819:
3809:
3807:
3793:
3791:
3777:
3775:
3765:
3763:
3749:
3747:
3733:
3731:
3721:
3719:
3713:
3711:
3705:
3703:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3671:
3669:
3663:
3661:
3651:
3649:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3612:
3610:
3596:
3594:
3580:
3578:
3564:
3562:
3556:
3554:
3547:
3545:
3539:
3537:
3525:
3523:
3515:
3513:
3505:
3503:
3497:
3495:
3485:
3483:
3473:
3471:
3465:
3463:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3450:
3444:
3438:
3436:
3426:
3424:
3414:
3412:
3402:
3400:
3390:
3388:
3370:
3368:
3354:
3352:
3338:
3336:
3326:
3324:
3310:
3308:
3297:
3295:
3285:
3283:
3273:
3271:
3261:
3259:
3245:
3243:
3237:
3235:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3222:
3216:
3206:
3204:
3198:
3196:
3186:
3184:
3174:
3172:
3158:
3156:
3142:
3140:
3126:
3124:
3110:
3108:
3094:
3092:
3078:
3076:
3070:
3068:
3062:
3060:
3050:
3048:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3031:
3025:
3019:
3017:
3011:
3009:
3003:
3001:
2995:
2993:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2974:
2972:
2966:
2964:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2946:
2940:
2933:
2931:
2924:
2922:
2916:
2914:
2908:
2906:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2894:Pnictogenides
2892:
2886:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2815:
2813:
2806:
2804:
2798:
2796:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2785:Chalcogenides
2783:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2739:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2721:
2716:
2714:
2709:
2707:
2702:
2701:
2698:
2686:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2652:
2646:
2645:Triamcinolone
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2635:Dexamethasone
2633:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2622:
2618:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2566:Metronidazole
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2516:Chlorhexidine
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2450:
2445:
2441:
2434:
2429:
2427:
2422:
2420:
2415:
2414:
2411:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2396:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2379:
2375:
2360:on 2016-03-04
2359:
2355:
2349:
2346:
2341:
2335:
2332:
2327:
2323:
2317:
2314:
2310:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2294:
2291:
2286:
2282:
2276:
2273:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2241:
2238:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2206:
2203:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2183:(2): 115–30.
2182:
2178:
2171:
2168:
2163:
2157:
2154:
2148:
2145:
2140:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2086:(2): 115–30.
2085:
2081:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2063:
2060:
2050:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2021:
2018:
2013:
2009:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1962:
1959:
1948:on 2014-04-26
1944:
1937:
1931:
1928:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1910:
1894:
1891:
1886:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1862:
1859:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1838:
1835:
1830:
1827:(in German).
1826:
1822:
1815:
1812:
1805:
1802:(in German).
1801:
1797:
1792:
1788:
1785:(in German).
1784:
1780:
1775:
1774:
1771:
1768:(in German).
1767:
1763:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1749:0-471-93620-0
1746:
1742:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1720:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1693:
1688:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1669:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1649:
1642:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1599:
1598:Tartaric acid
1595:
1592:
1589:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1568:
1564:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1533:
1528:
1524:
1521:
1517:
1509:
1502:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1460:chlorhexidine
1457:
1452:
1448:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1418:
1410:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1389:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1336:
1330:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1220:active oxygen
1213:
1211:
1203:
1201:
1164:
1139:
1138:
1137:
1129:
1126:NaOH to give
1125:
1107:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1094:sodium borate
1091:
1086:
1057:, the anions
1020:
1007:
986:
985:
984:
974:
966:
945:
932:
930:
926:
922:
914:
912:
903:
874:
828:
768:
766:
764:
760:
755:−B−O−O−B−O−O−
741:
738:
734:
730:
726:
718:
716:
713:
708:
706:
702:
697:
688:
684:
680:
675:
673:
669:
615:
611:
607:
592:
585:
580:
563:
557:
554:
551:
548:
545:
544:
540:
538:
535:
534:
527:
520:
513:
489:
486:
485:
481:
480:
475:
470:
465:
462:
459:
455:
454:
451:Pharmacology
449:
437:
434:
430:
429:
425:
423:
422:Boiling point
420:
419:
415:
413:
412:Melting point
410:
409:
405:
403:
400:
399:
396:White powder
395:
392:
391:
377:
375:
372:
371:
361:
352:
349:
345:
344:
339:
330:
326:
319:
305:
295:
291:
284:
280:
278:
275:
274:
266:
262:
258:
254:
251:
247:
246:
244:
242:
239:
238:
231:
230:
228:
226:
223:
222:
215:
211:
210:
208:
202:
198:
197:
190:
189:
187:
185:
180:
179:
175:
171:
168:
166:
164:ECHA InfoCard
161:
160:
153:
149:
148:
146:
144:
141:
140:
133:
129:
128:
126:
124:
121:
120:
113:
109:
108:
106:
102:
97:
96:
88:
84:
80:
76:
73:
69:
68:
66:
63:
59:
58:
53:
45:
40:
36:
31:
19:
4634:
2606:Tetracycline
2600:
2591:Oxyquinoline
2526:Clotrimazole
2362:. Retrieved
2358:the original
2348:
2334:
2325:
2316:
2304:
2293:
2284:
2275:
2250:
2246:
2240:
2215:
2211:
2205:
2180:
2176:
2170:
2156:
2147:
2133:
2118:
2083:
2079:
2073:
2062:
2052:, retrieved
2030:
2020:
2011:
2001:
1986:
1981:
1966:
1961:
1950:. Retrieved
1943:the original
1930:
1913:
1907:
1893:
1870:
1861:
1843:
1837:
1828:
1824:
1814:
1803:
1799:
1786:
1782:
1769:
1765:
1755:
1740:
1707:
1666:
1613:
1607:
1593:
1583:
1569:
1565:
1545:
1532:canker sores
1515:
1514:
1495:
1489:
1480:
1471:
1453:
1449:
1441:canker sores
1434:
1423:
1394:
1393:
1376:
1359:
1340:
1279:
1271:preservative
1267:disinfectant
1260:
1217:
1204:
1197:
1103:
1089:
1087:
1045:
965:hydroperoxyl
933:
918:
875:
829:
772:
722:
709:
698:
686:
682:
676:
667:
605:
604:
483:
359:
225:RTECS number
55:Identifiers
47:Other names
5637:Antiseptics
2681:Epinephrine
2676:Benzydamine
2671:Becaplermin
2596:Polynoxylin
2576:Minocycline
2561:Mepartricin
2541:Doxycycline
2498:antiseptics
2456:prophylaxis
2253:(1): 9–15.
1856:See p. 299.
1708:Tetrahedron
1518:is an oral
1437:periodontal
1315:aryl halide
1284:reagent in
1100:Preparation
1079:[B(OOH)
988:[(B(OH)
797:, that is,
743:[(B(OH)
679:hexahydrate
537:Flash point
393:Appearance
341:Properties
170:100.035.597
132:CHEBI:30178
5611:Categories
2948:Oxyhalides
2685:Adrenalone
2571:Miconazole
2551:Hexetidine
2364:2014-09-25
2326:Amazon.com
2054:2021-01-18
1952:2012-06-07
1831:: 678–680.
1806:: 345–347.
1789:: 162–166.
1772:: 132–134.
1643:References
1614:Normal use
1578:Drug facts
1520:antiseptic
1496:Normal use
1466:Drug facts
1337:Dental use
1294:sulfoxides
1290:thioethers
1263:antiseptic
1242:and other
1224:detergents
1200:surfactant
1059:[B(OH)
1009:[B(OH)
977:[B(OH)
971:, and the
944:boric acid
936:[B(OH)
921:hydrolysis
902:CAS number
374:Molar mass
265:822HSQ655R
257:Y9UKD0XE6F
250:Y52BK1W96C
143:ChemSpider
99:3D model (
87:10486-00-7
79:10332-33-9
62:CAS Number
5627:Peroxides
2734:Inorganic
2661:Amlexanox
2581:Natamycin
2494:Infection
2464:Dectaflur
2328:. Amazon.
2311:Facebook
2285:amosan.ca
1604:, flavors
1282:oxidizing
1275:eye drops
1090:Oxoborate
1026:+ OOH + H
915:Chemistry
737:perborate
719:Structure
553:ICSC 1046
406:Odorless
277:UN number
232:SC7350000
191:231-556-4
183:EC Number
72:7632-04-4
5642:Bleaches
2586:Neomycin
2395:Archived
2267:10674956
2119:BDJ Team
1916:: 3551.
1621:See also
1405:product
1298:sulfones
1258:(TAED).
1252:textiles
1236:bleaches
1222:in many
894:·4H
867:·4H
791:·6H
769:Hydrates
648:[Na]
484:NFPA 704
477:Hazards
472:)
458:ATC code
5622:Borates
5357:
4860:FeB(OH)
4500:Borates
4134:Organic
3487:NaAl(SO
2741:Halides
2546:Eugenol
2469:Olaflur
2232:9846796
1608:Purpose
1556:Belgium
1542:History
1490:Purpose
1395:Bocasan
1390:Bocasan
1377:In the
996:] + 2 H
836:·H
723:Unlike
584:what is
582: (
466: (
464:A01AB19
368:
214:5460514
201:PubChem
152:4574023
4264:(OH)CO
4164:HCOONa
4084:[Co(NO
4028:Fe(CN)
4016:Fe(CN)
3976:Zn(OH)
3665:NaHXeO
3499:NaAuCl
3452:Others
3200:NaHSeO
2453:Caries
2281:"Home"
2265:
2230:
2197:379049
2195:
2100:379049
2098:
2045:
1881:
1747:
1683:
1637:Persil
1627:Amosan
1548:Oral-B
1516:Amosan
1503:Amosan
1426:Amosan
1403:Oral-B
1385:Brands
1373:Safety
1347:borate
1319:phenol
1208:
1166:2 NaBO
1004:(OOH)]
975:anion
967:anion
963:, the
940:(OOH)]
929:borate
733:adduct
652:[B
612:whose
579:verify
576:
549:(SDS)
444:
440:
386:
384:153.86
380:
378:99.815
358:·
325:SMILES
42:Names
18:Amosan
5122:-SbBO
5018:Rb•2H
4417:COONa
4404:COONa
4317:AlNaO
4190:COONa
4177:COONa
4097:NaNSi
4092:]
3707:NaTcO
3699:NaTcO
3694:NaSCN
3686:NaReO
3681:NaOCN
3673:NaMnO
3645:NaHCO
3632:NaCoO
3627:NaCNO
3614:NaBiO
3518:NaAsF
3508:NaSbF
3467:NaAlO
3459:NaAlH
3440:NaSbO
3072:NaHSO
3064:NaHSO
3005:NaBrO
2997:NaBrO
2989:NaBrO
2984:NaBrO
2976:NaClO
2968:NaClO
2960:NaClO
2955:NaClO
2876:NaHTe
2862:NaSeH
2654:Other
1946:(PDF)
1939:(PDF)
1590:1.2 g
1523:rinse
1430:Dutch
1317:to a
1292:into
1170:+ 2 H
1106:borax
1063:(OOH)
1034:] + H
1022:B(OH)
1017:+ OOH
947:B(OH)
740:anion
687:PBS-4
683:PBS-1
290:InChI
281:1479
123:ChEBI
101:JSmol
5554:U(BO
5487:ErBO
5406:NdBO
5278:BiBO
5137:-TeO
5130:-TeO
5111:InBO
5011:(OH)
4970:-SeO
4963:-SeO
4955:-AsO
4947:-GeO
4939:-GaO
4932:GaBO
4853:FeBO
4803:TiBO
4795:ScBO
4685:AlBO
4635:NaBO
4628:NaBO
4559:+(CO
4231:NaCH
4117:PdCl
4040:Fe(C
3892:O(UO
3880:PtCl
3868:IrCl
3715:NaVO
3622:NaCN
3558:NaBO
3553:(CN)
3549:NaBH
3541:NaBH
3420:HAsO
3275:NaPO
3239:NaNO
3231:NaNO
3021:NaIO
3013:NaIO
2918:NaNH
2848:NaSH
2834:NaOD
2829:NaOH
2776:NaAt
2766:NaBr
2761:NaCl
2753:NaHF
2496:and
2263:PMID
2228:PMID
2193:PMID
2096:PMID
2043:ISBN
1906:O".
1879:ISBN
1745:ISBN
1681:ISBN
1596:: L-
1345:and
1296:and
1250:and
1248:dyes
1214:Uses
1210:°C.
1190:(OH)
1178:→ Na
1131:NaBO
1122:and
927:and
906:NaBO
863:NaBO
832:NaBO
727:and
691:NaBO
660:(OH)
446:°C)
438:2.15
402:Odor
354:NaBO
241:UNII
5594:No
5591:Md
5588:Fm
5585:Es
5577:Bk
5574:Cm
5571:Am
5568:Pu
5565:Np
5550:Pa
5539:(BO
5531:Ac
5528:**
5425:Tb
5422:Gd
5419:Eu
5416:Sm
5413:Pm
5378:CeB
5366:LaB
5350:Og
5347:Ts
5344:Lv
5341:Mc
5338:Fl
5335:Nh
5332:Cn
5329:Rg
5326:Ds
5323:Mt
5320:Hs
5317:Bh
5314:Sg
5311:Db
5308:Rf
5305:Lr
5302:**
5299:Ra
5296:Fr
5291:Rn
5288:At
5285:Po
5266:(BO
5246:Hg
5243:Au
5240:Pt
5237:Ir
5234:Os
5231:Re
5225:Ta
5214:HfB
5183:BaB
5174:•4H
5166:CsB
5149:Xe
5118:Sn
5099:(BO
5079:Pd
5076:Rh
5073:Ru
5070:Tc
5067:Mo
5064:Nb
5053:ZrB
5045:YBO
5031:(BO
5003:RbB
4986:Kr
4982:+Br
4977:+Se
4920:(BO
4904:(BO
4888:(BO
4872:(BO
4842:(BO
4826:(BO
4818:Cr
4811:-VO
4781:(BO
4768:•4H
4752:•4H
4734:Ar
4730:+Cl
4722:+SO
4715:-SO
4703:+PO
4696:-PO
4692:Si
4673:(BO
4620:·8H
4610:Ne
4595:+NO
4580:(NH
4567:+(C
4552:Be
4531:He
4445:256
4441:164
4384:NaC
4325:NaC
4304:NO]
4288:NaC
4272:NaC
4256:NaC
4240:NaC
4235:COO
4223:NaO
4159:ONa
4146:ONa
4101:(CH
4072:SiF
4060:SiO
3936:TiO
3924:SiO
3856:MoO
3844:MnO
3815:GeO
3771:CrO
3657:XeO
3640:NaH
3532:TiF
3479:AlF
3432:AsO
3428:NaH
3408:AsO
3396:AsO
3291:HPO
3263:NaH
3212:TeO
3192:SeO
3180:SeO
2910:NaN
2800:NaO
2792:NaO
2771:NaI
2748:NaF
2444:A01
2255:doi
2220:doi
2185:doi
2123:doi
2088:doi
2035:doi
1991:doi
1971:doi
1918:doi
1902:·6H
1848:doi
1712:doi
1673:doi
1325:).
1157:+ H
992:OO)
969:OOH
818:NaH
816:or
747:OO)
674:).
668:PBS
618:NaH
608:is
469:WHO
204:CID
5613::
5581:Cf
5535:Th
5521:12
5511:Yb
5505:12
5495:Tm
5472:Ho
5468:15
5458:Ho
5443:Dy
5439:15
5429:Dy
5400:21
5396:10
5390:Pr
5362:*
5262:Pb
5254:BO
5250:Tl
5228:W
5208:12
5198:Lu
5194:*
5159:BO
5155:Cs
5145:+I
5095:Cd
5087:BO
5083:Ag
5027:Sr
5009:16
5005:11
4996:BO
4992:Rb
4916:Zn
4900:Cu
4884:Ni
4868:Co
4838:Fe
4822:Mn
4777:Ca
4760:KB
4711:+S
4669:Mg
4663:13
4653:Na
4646:BO
4642:Na
4616:Na
4606:+F
4602:O
4588:BO
4555:B
4537:Li
4518:BO
4455:Na
4449:68
4434:Na
4428:35
4424:18
4415:33
4411:17
4402:31
4398:15
4379:Na
4366:Na
4353:Na
4349:NO
4315:16
4300:Na
4290:10
4278:23
4274:12
4248:CO
4195:Na
4142:CH
4113:Na
4080:Na
4068:Na
4056:Na
4036:Na
4024:Na
4012:Na
4006:28
4002:10
3996:Na
3988:VO
3984:Na
3972:Na
3964:WO
3960:Na
3944:Na
3932:Na
3920:Na
3904:Na
3888:Na
3876:Na
3864:Na
3852:Na
3840:Na
3832:Na
3827:He
3823:Na
3811:Na
3805:10
3799:Cr
3795:Na
3783:Cr
3779:Na
3767:Na
3751:Na
3735:Na
3727:CO
3723:Na
3653:Na
3608:13
3598:Na
3582:Na
3566:Na
3528:Na
3475:Na
3416:Na
3404:Na
3392:Na
3372:Na
3356:Na
3350:10
3340:Na
3332:PO
3328:Na
3316:PS
3312:Na
3303:PO
3299:Na
3287:Na
3267:PO
3247:Na
3208:Na
3188:Na
3176:Na
3160:Na
3144:Na
3128:Na
3112:Na
3096:Na
3080:Na
3056:SO
3052:Na
3044:SO
3040:Na
2939:As
2935:Na
2926:Na
2901:Na
2885:Po
2881:Na
2871:Te
2867:Na
2857:Se
2853:Na
2839:Na
2817:Na
2808:Na
2324:.
2283:.
2261:.
2251:27
2249:.
2226:.
2216:25
2214:.
2191:.
2179:.
2108:^
2094:.
2082:.
2041:,
2010:.
1914:34
1912:.
1877:.
1829:31
1823:.
1804:26
1787:29
1770:26
1722:^
1695:^
1679:.
1651:^
1600:,
1586::
1534:,
1483::
1474::
1443:,
1369:.
1277:.
1230:,
1226:,
1198:A
1141:Na
1109:Na
1069:,
983::
931:.
878:Na
844:Na
827:.
822:BO
813:14
805:16
799:Na
775:Na
765:.
707:.
629:Na
627:,
622:BO
5560:2
5558:)
5556:3
5545:4
5543:)
5541:3
5537:3
5519:O
5517:5
5515:B
5513:3
5503:O
5501:5
5499:B
5497:3
5489:3
5482:9
5480:O
5478:4
5476:B
5474:2
5466:O
5464:6
5462:B
5460:4
5453:9
5451:O
5449:4
5447:B
5445:2
5437:O
5435:6
5433:B
5431:4
5408:3
5398:O
5394:B
5392:4
5384:6
5382:O
5380:3
5372:6
5370:O
5368:3
5280:3
5272:2
5270:)
5268:3
5264:3
5256:3
5252:3
5220:5
5218:O
5216:2
5206:O
5204:5
5202:B
5200:3
5189:4
5187:O
5185:2
5178:O
5176:2
5172:8
5170:O
5168:5
5161:3
5157:3
5139:3
5132:4
5124:4
5113:3
5105:2
5103:)
5101:3
5097:3
5089:3
5085:3
5059:5
5057:O
5055:2
5047:3
5037:2
5035:)
5033:3
5029:3
5022:O
5020:2
5013:2
5007:O
4998:3
4994:3
4972:3
4965:4
4957:4
4949:4
4941:4
4934:3
4926:x
4924:)
4922:3
4918:x
4910:2
4908:)
4906:3
4902:3
4894:2
4892:)
4890:3
4886:3
4878:2
4876:)
4874:3
4870:3
4862:4
4855:3
4848:2
4846:)
4844:3
4840:3
4832:2
4830:)
4828:3
4824:3
4813:4
4805:3
4797:3
4787:2
4785:)
4783:3
4779:3
4772:O
4770:2
4766:8
4764:O
4762:5
4756:O
4754:2
4750:7
4748:O
4746:4
4744:B
4742:2
4740:K
4724:4
4717:4
4705:4
4698:4
4687:3
4679:2
4677:)
4675:3
4671:3
4661:O
4659:8
4657:B
4655:2
4648:3
4644:3
4637:3
4630:2
4624:O
4622:2
4618:2
4597:3
4590:3
4586:3
4584:)
4582:4
4575:)
4573:4
4571:O
4569:2
4563:)
4561:3
4547:7
4545:O
4543:4
4541:B
4539:2
4520:3
4516:3
4514:H
4492:e
4485:t
4478:v
4457:2
4453:2
4451:S
4447:O
4443:H
4439:C
4432:2
4430:O
4426:H
4422:C
4413:H
4409:C
4400:H
4396:C
4390:5
4388:H
4386:5
4377:9
4375:H
4373:4
4371:C
4364:5
4362:H
4360:6
4358:C
4351:4
4347:8
4345:H
4343:5
4341:C
4335:6
4333:O
4331:7
4329:H
4327:6
4319:4
4313:H
4311:6
4309:C
4302:2
4294:8
4292:H
4282:2
4280:O
4276:H
4266:2
4262:4
4260:H
4258:6
4250:2
4246:5
4244:H
4242:6
4233:3
4225:6
4221:5
4219:H
4217:4
4215:C
4209:6
4207:O
4205:4
4203:H
4201:4
4199:C
4197:2
4188:7
4186:H
4184:3
4182:C
4175:5
4173:H
4171:2
4169:C
4157:5
4155:H
4153:2
4151:C
4144:3
4119:4
4115:2
4107:6
4105:)
4103:3
4099:2
4090:6
4088:)
4086:2
4082:3
4074:6
4070:2
4062:4
4058:4
4050:3
4048:)
4046:4
4044:O
4042:2
4038:3
4030:6
4026:3
4018:6
4014:4
4004:O
4000:V
3998:6
3990:4
3986:3
3978:4
3974:2
3966:4
3962:2
3954:7
3952:O
3950:2
3948:U
3946:2
3938:3
3934:2
3926:3
3922:2
3914:6
3912:O
3910:4
3908:S
3906:2
3898:2
3896:)
3894:3
3890:2
3882:6
3878:2
3870:6
3866:3
3858:4
3854:2
3846:4
3842:2
3834:2
3825:2
3817:3
3813:2
3803:O
3801:3
3797:2
3789:7
3787:O
3785:2
3781:2
3773:4
3769:2
3761:5
3759:S
3757:3
3755:C
3753:2
3745:4
3743:O
3741:2
3739:C
3737:2
3729:3
3725:2
3717:3
3709:4
3701:3
3688:4
3675:4
3667:4
3659:6
3655:4
3647:3
3634:2
3616:3
3606:O
3604:8
3602:B
3600:2
3592:9
3590:O
3588:2
3586:B
3584:2
3576:7
3574:O
3572:4
3570:B
3568:2
3560:2
3551:3
3543:4
3534:6
3530:2
3520:6
3510:6
3501:4
3493:2
3491:)
3489:4
3481:6
3477:3
3469:2
3461:4
3442:3
3434:4
3430:2
3422:4
3418:2
3410:4
3406:3
3398:3
3394:3
3386:7
3384:O
3382:2
3380:P
3378:2
3376:H
3374:2
3366:7
3364:O
3362:2
3360:P
3358:4
3348:O
3346:3
3344:P
3342:5
3334:4
3330:3
3322:2
3320:O
3318:2
3314:3
3307:F
3305:3
3301:2
3293:3
3289:2
3281:2
3279:H
3277:2
3269:4
3265:2
3257:2
3255:O
3253:2
3251:N
3249:2
3241:3
3233:2
3214:3
3210:2
3202:3
3194:4
3190:2
3182:3
3178:2
3170:8
3168:O
3166:2
3164:S
3162:2
3154:7
3152:O
3150:2
3148:S
3146:2
3138:6
3136:O
3134:2
3132:S
3130:2
3122:5
3120:O
3118:2
3116:S
3114:2
3106:4
3104:O
3102:2
3100:S
3098:2
3090:3
3088:O
3086:2
3084:S
3082:2
3074:4
3066:3
3058:4
3054:2
3046:3
3042:2
3023:4
3015:3
3007:4
2999:3
2991:2
2978:4
2970:3
2962:2
2937:3
2930:P
2928:3
2920:2
2912:3
2905:N
2903:3
2883:2
2869:2
2855:2
2843:S
2841:2
2823:2
2821:O
2819:2
2812:O
2810:2
2802:2
2794:3
2755:2
2719:e
2712:t
2705:v
2683:/
2628:)
2624:(
2446:)
2432:e
2425:t
2418:v
2367:.
2287:.
2269:.
2257::
2234:.
2222::
2199:.
2187::
2181:6
2164:.
2141:.
2125::
2102:.
2090::
2084:6
2037::
2014:.
1993::
1973::
1955:.
1924:.
1920::
1904:2
1900:2
1887:.
1854:.
1850::
1714::
1689:.
1675::
1309:2
1307:O
1305:2
1303:H
1192:4
1188:4
1186:O
1184:2
1182:B
1180:2
1176:2
1174:O
1172:2
1168:2
1161:O
1159:2
1155:2
1151:7
1149:O
1147:4
1145:B
1143:2
1133:2
1119:7
1117:O
1115:4
1113:B
1111:2
1083:]
1081:4
1075:]
1073:3
1067:]
1065:2
1061:2
1054:2
1052:O
1050:2
1048:H
1040:2
1038:O
1036:2
1032:4
1028:2
1024:3
1015:3
1011:3
1002:3
998:2
994:2
990:2
981:]
979:4
960:2
958:O
956:2
954:H
949:3
938:3
908:3
898:O
896:2
892:8
890:O
888:2
886:B
884:4
882:H
880:2
871:O
869:2
865:3
858:8
856:O
854:2
852:B
850:4
848:H
846:2
840:O
838:2
834:3
824:7
820:8
811:O
809:2
807:B
803:H
801:2
795:O
793:2
789:8
787:O
785:2
783:B
781:4
779:H
777:2
751:]
749:2
745:2
693:3
664:]
662:4
658:4
656:O
654:2
650:2
643:8
641:O
639:2
637:B
635:4
633:H
631:2
624:4
620:2
574:Y
525:0
518:1
511:1
366:O
364:2
362:H
360:n
356:3
103:)
20:)
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